Gallamine

drug
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Also known as SID11111237SID26756602SID90341095SID11111238SID124880248GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE

Summary

Gallamine (CHEMBL360055) is an approved small molecule (ATC M03AC02) targeting CHRM2 and CHRNA1.

At a glance

  • Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
  • Modality: Small molecule
  • ATC class: M03AC02
  • Targets: 2 (CHRM2, CHRNA1)
  • Chemistry: 510.8 Da · C30H60N3O3+3

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

FieldValue
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL360055
NameGallamine
TypeSmall molecule
Max phase4
FDA approvedno
PubChem CID3450
ATCM03AC02
Molecular formulaC30H60N3O3+3
Molecular weight510.8
InChIKeyOZLPUNFFCJDMJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: CC[N+](CC)(CC)CCOC1=C(C(=CC=C1)OCC[N+](CC)(CC)CC)OCC[N+](CC)(CC)CC

IUPAC name: 2-[2,3-bis[2-(triethylazaniumyl)ethoxy]phenoxy]ethyl-triethylazanium

Also known as: Gallamine, SID11111237, SID26756602, SID90341095, SID11111238, SID124880248, GALLAMINE, GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE, gallamine

Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1200993

Patent coverage: 10 distinct patent families (17 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

GeneTargetActionpAffinityCancer dependencyUniProt
CHRM2M2 receptorNegative6.30%P08172
CHRNA1nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α1 subunit60%P02708

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 12 (assay-derived). Sample: Prelamin-A/C, 4’-phosphopantetheinyl transferase ffp, Thyrotropin receptor, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, Acetylcholinesterase, Voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNH2, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 9 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 17 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

TargetpChemblTypeValueUnitActivity ID
P061996.89EC50130nMCHEMBL_ACT_1998795
P061996.88EC50131.8nMCHEMBL_ACT_1998796
CHRM25.9AC501270nMCHEMBL_ACT_25195884
CHRM25.21AC506200nMCHEMBL_ACT_25196384
TSHR5.2Potency6310nMCHEMBL_ACT_3918962
TSHR5.2Potency6310nMCHEMBL_ACT_4617372
CHRM15.07Ki8511nMCHEMBL_ACT_12180345
KCNH25.05AC508989nMCHEMBL_ACT_25117906
ALOX155Potency10000nMCHEMBL_ACT_4445486

Target pathways

Aggregated over 2 target gene(s): CHRM2, CHRNA1.

Top Reactome pathways

20 total, by targets touching each:

PathwayTargetsGenes
Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission1CHRNA1
Transmission across Chemical Synapses1CHRNA1
Neuronal System1CHRNA1
Signal Transduction1CHRM2
Acetylcholine binding and downstream events1CHRNA1
Membrane Trafficking1CHRM2
Signaling by GPCR1CHRM2
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)1CHRM2
Amine ligand-binding receptors1CHRM2
GPCR downstream signalling1CHRM2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors1CHRM2
G alpha (i) signalling events1CHRM2
GPCR ligand binding1CHRM2
Vesicle-mediated transport1CHRM2
Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1CHRNA1
Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1CHRNA1
Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1CHRNA1
Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors1CHRNA1
Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis1CHRM2
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis1CHRM2

Dominant GO biological processes

GO termTargets
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission2
regulation of smooth muscle contraction1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger1
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway1
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway1
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway1
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway1
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway1
chemical synaptic transmission1
nervous system development1
regulation of heart contraction1
response to virus1
signal transduction1
skeletal muscle contraction1

Indications & clinical

Indications

0 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4).

Clinical trials

Total trials: 0.

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

402 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:

MoleculeSourceStatusShared targets
AFATINIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BUPROPIONChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRNA1
CHENODIOLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
GENTIAN VIOLETChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
MECAMYLAMINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRNA1
NICOTINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRNA1
PIMAVANSERINChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
VARENICLINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)CHRNA1
ACETYLCHOLINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
ACLIDINIUM BROMIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AMBENONIUMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AMDINOCILLIN PIVOXILChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AMIODARONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AMITRIPTYLINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AMODIAQUINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AMOXAPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
ANISOTROPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
ARIPIPRAZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
ASENAPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
ASTEMIZOLEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
ATROPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AXITINIBChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AZATADINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
AZELASTINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BAZEDOXIFENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BENPERIDOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BENZBROMARONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BENZTROPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BENZYDAMINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BETHANECHOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BIPERIDENChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BOSUTINIBChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BROMOCRIPTINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BROMODIPHENHYDRAMINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
BROMPHENIRAMINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CABOZANTINIBChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CANDESARTAN CILEXETILChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CANNABIDIOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CANRENONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CARBACHOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CARBAMOYLCHOLINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CARBENOXOLONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CARBETAPENTANEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CARBINOXAMINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CARIPRAZINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CASPOFUNGINChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CEVIMELINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CHLORHEXIDINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CHLORMADINONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CHLOROPROCAINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CHLOROQUINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CHLORPHENIRAMINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CHLORPROMAZINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CHLORPROTHIXENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CINNARIZINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CITALOPRAMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CLEMASTINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CLIDINIUMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CLOMIPHENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2
CLOMIPRAMINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)CHRM2