Glucosamine
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Also known as ChitosamineGlucosaminaMediflexD-galactosaminegalactosamineD-Glucosamine
Summary
Glucosamine (CHEMBL493287) is an approved small-molecule geroprotector (ATC M01AX05); indicated across 6 conditions including rheumatic disorder and irritable bowel syndrome.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: M01AX05
- Indications: 6 conditions
- Clinical trials: 33
- Chemistry: 179.17 Da · C6H13NO5
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL493287 |
| Name | Glucosamine |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 439213 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:47977 |
| ATC | M01AX05 |
| Molecular formula | C6H13NO5 |
| Molecular weight | 179.17 |
| InChIKey | MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N |
SMILES: C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)N)O)O)O
IUPAC name: (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4,5-triol
ChEBI definition: A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): geroprotector.
Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): Escherichia coli metabolite, mouse metabolite.
Also known as: Chitosamine, Glucosamina, Glucosamine, Mediflex, D-galactosamine, glucosamine, galactosamine, Galactosamine, d-galactosamine, GLUCOSAMINE, D-Glucosamine
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1707007, CHEMBL3989618, CHEMBL3989707, CHEMBL3989750
Patent coverage: 2,499 distinct patent families (4,914 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
No target linkage available.
Bioactivity
No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).
Target pathways
No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).
Indications & clinical
Indications
6 indications (1 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| rheumatic disorder | 4 | MONDO:0005554 | EFO:0005755 |
| irritable bowel syndrome | 3 | MONDO:0005052 | EFO:0000555 |
| osteoarthritis, knee | 3 | MONDO:0005416 | EFO:0004616 |
| osteoarthritis | 3 | MONDO:0005178 | MONDO:0005178 |
| breast neoplasm | 2 | MONDO:0021100 | MONDO:0007254 |
| obesity disorder | 1 | MONDO:0011122 | EFO:0001073 |
Clinical trials
Total trials: 33.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| Not specified | 15 |
| PHASE4 | 7 |
| PHASE3 | 6 |
| PHASE2 | 2 |
| PHASE1 | 2 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00251069 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Glucosamine Sulphate and Increased Level of Blood Cholesterol |
| NCT00317655 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Glucosamine Sulphate, Ginger, Ginger-Avocado-Soya and Ginger-Ibuprofen for Chronic Back Pain |
| NCT00404079 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | The Glucosamine-study: The Effect of Glucosamine in Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain |
| NCT00513422 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | The Long-term Evaluation of Glucosamine Sulphate Study |
| NCT00805519 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety of Prednisolone and Chloroquine Add on Therapy in Osteoarthritis of the Knee |
| NCT02178137 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect of Interventions on the Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis |
| NCT03743896 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Transdermal Delivery of Glucosamine to the Synovial Fluid of Male and Female With Knee Osteoarthritis |
| NCT00032890 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT) |
| NCT00860873 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Effectiveness of Glucosamine + Chondroitin in Osteoarthrosis |
| NCT01172249 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Non-inferiority Study of the Glucosamine Sulfate + Chondroitin Sulfate Association Capsule in Comparison to the CONDROFLEX® Product in Osteoarthrosis of the Knee |
| NCT02010918 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Efficacy and Safety of Glucosamine Sulfate and Chondroitin Sulfate Combination in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis |
| NCT02448199 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Study of Association of Anti-inflammatory and Anti-rheumatic |
| NCT02830919 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Clinical Study of Non-inferiority With Participants Diagnosed With Primary Knee OA (GLACIAL) |
| NCT00691678 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Glucosamine and Chondroitin for Aromatase Inhibitor Induced Joint Symptoms in Women With Breast Cancer |
| NCT02604381 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | A Study on the Efficacy of Glucosamine Sulfate Potassium Chloride/Standardized Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract in Adults With Osteoarthritis of the Knee. |
| NCT00833157 | PHASE1 | UNKNOWN | Effect of Glucosamine or Ibuprofen Combined With Physical Training in Patients With Knee-Osteoarthritis |
| NCT03827161 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Glucosamine and Chondroitin in Preventing Inflammation in Overweight Patients |
| NCT02214095 | EARLY_PHASE1 | TERMINATED | Glucosamine Periodontal Adjunctive Therapy |
| NCT06917287 | Not specified | RECRUITING | A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Native CT-II® in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis |
| NCT07119645 | Not specified | RECRUITING | NT-II™ Collagen for Joint Discomfort and Function |
| NCT00086229 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Absorption and Distribution of Glucosamine and Chondroitin |
| NCT01074476 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Effects of Glucosamine on Joint Fluid in Osteoarthritis Patients |
| NCT01682694 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Glucosamine and Chondroitin Effects |
| NCT03106584 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | The Marigot Osteoarthritis Nutritional Intervention (MOANi) Trial |
| NCT03209895 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a Proprietary Joint Health Dietary Supplement in Subjects With Joint and Connective Tissue Pain |
| NCT03717714 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Polycan in Combination With Glucosamine for Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis |
| NCT04121533 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Vitamin D Supplementation in Knee Osteoarthritis |
| NCT04470336 | Not specified | COMPLETED | To Assess the Efficacy of Collagen Supplement in Osteoarthritis |
| NCT04665804 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Effects of Creatine Supplementation as Compared to Glucosamine/Chondroitin Sulfate Supplementation in Addition to Exercise and Physical Therapy in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis. |
| NCT05212259 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effect of Different Doses of UC-II® Supplementation on the Range of Motion & Joint Discomfort in Healthy Subjects |
| NCT05321836 | Not specified | COMPLETED | GLUCOSAMINE/CHONDROITIN and PHYSICAL THERAPY EFFECTS ON OLDER POPULATION WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS |
| NCT05474586 | Not specified | COMPLETED | To Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Collavant n2 in Individuals With Osteoarthritis of the Knee |
| NCT06578663 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Electrical Dry Needling Versus Iontophoresis in Treating Chronic Unilateral Knee Osteoarthritis |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.
Related molecules
Related molecules
No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).