Hydrogen Peroxide

Summary

Hydrogen Peroxide (CHEMBL71595) is an approved small-molecule oxidising agent (ATC A01AB02) targeting TRPA1 and TRPM2; indicated across 12 conditions including seborrheic keratosis and pharyngitis.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• ATC class: A01AB02 (+3 more)
• Targets: 2 (TRPA1, TRPM2)
• Indications: 12 conditions
• Clinical trials: 45
• Chemistry: 34.015 Da · H2O2

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL71595
Name	Hydrogen Peroxide
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	yes
PubChem CID	784
ChEBI	CHEBI:16240
ATC	A01AB02, D11AX25, D08AX01, S02AA06
Molecular formula	H2O2
Molecular weight	34.015
InChIKey	MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: OO

IUPAC name: hydrogen peroxide

ChEBI definition: An inorganic peroxide consisting of two hydroxy groups joined by a covalent oxygen-oxygen single bond.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): oxidising agent, disinfectant, explosive, antimicrobial agent, cofactor, apoptosis inducer, GABA antagonist, neurotoxin, genotoxin, biomarker, bleaching agent, emetic.

Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): human xenobiotic metabolite, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, Escherichia coli metabolite, mouse metabolite.

Also known as: A-101, Crystacide, Eskata, Hioxyl, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydrogen peroxide solution, Hyrogen peroxide, NSC-19892, Oxydol, Peroxyl, Hydrogen Peroxide, hydrogen peroxide

Patent coverage: 707,359 distinct patent families (1,632,297 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

Gene	Target	Action	pAffinity	Cancer dependency	UniProt
TRPA1	TRPA1	Activation	3.6	0.1%	O75762
TRPM2	TRPM2	Agonist		0.4%	O94759

Bioactivity

No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).

Target pathways

Aggregated over 2 target gene(s): TRPA1, TRPM2.

Top Reactome pathways

2 total, by targets touching each:

Pathway	Targets	Genes
TRP channels	2	TRPA1, TRPM2
Neutrophil degranulation	1	TRPM2

Dominant GO biological processes

GO term	Targets
monoatomic ion transport	2
protein homotetramerization	2
cellular response to hydrogen peroxide	2
calcium ion transmembrane transport	2
calcium ion transmembrane import into cytosol	2
calcium ion transport	2
calcium-mediated signaling	2
monoatomic ion transmembrane transport	2
transmembrane transport	2
intracellular calcium ion homeostasis	1
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	1
response to cold	1
response to xenobiotic stimulus	1
urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction	1
sensory perception of pain	1

Indications & clinical

Indications

12 indications (4 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

Indication	Trial phase	MONDO	EFO
seborrheic keratosis	4	MONDO:0008420	EFO:0005584
pharyngitis	4	MONDO:0002258	MONDO:0002258
gingivitis	4	MONDO:0002508	MONDO:0002508
tooth disorder	3	MONDO:0006999	EFO:1001216
common wart	3	MONDO:0001209	EFO:0009662
acne	2	MONDO:0011438	EFO:0003894
breast neoplasm	2	MONDO:0021100	MONDO:0007254
severe acute respiratory syndrome	2	MONDO:0005091	MONDO:0100096
basal cell carcinoma	2	MONDO:0020804	EFO:0004193
injury	1	MONDO:0021178	EFO:0000546
dental caries	0	MONDO:0005276	EFO:0003819

1 further indication record had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 45.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
Not specified	19
PHASE2	11
PHASE3	7
PHASE4	4
PHASE1/PHASE2	2
EARLY_PHASE1	2

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02682329	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Combination of Dental Bleaching Techniques, Randomized Clinical Trial
NCT03019224	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Desensitizing Dentifrices on the Reduction of Pain Sensitivity Caused by In-office Dental Whitening
NCT03487588	PHASE4	COMPLETED	An A Study Assessing Subject Satisfaction With A-101 Topical Solution for Seborrheic Keratoses
NCT04659928	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Aerosol in a Dental Clinic
NCT00978861	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Clinical Study to Evaluate of The Whitening Efficacy and Safety of REMEWHITE
NCT02667236	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study of A-101 Solution 40% in Subjects With Seborrheic Keratosis.
NCT02667275	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Randomized, Double-Blind, Vehicle-Controlled Study in Subjects With Seborrheic Keratosis
NCT02667288	PHASE3	COMPLETED	An Open-Label Safety Study of A-101 Solution
NCT03687372	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Study of A-101 Topical Solution for the Treatment of Common Warts
NCT03812510	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Safety Study of A-101 Topical Solution for the Treatment of Common Warts
NCT04446533	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Effect of a Hydrogen-Peroxide and Hyaluronic-Acid Mouthwash (BMG0703) in the Treatment of Periodontitis
NCT03946202	PHASE2	RECRUITING	KORTUC Phase II - Intra-tumoural Radiation Sensitizer in Patients With Locally Advanced/Recurrent Breast Cancer
NCT01986920	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Study of Safety, Tolerability and Effectiveness of A-101 in Subjects With Seborrheic Keratosis
NCT02160626	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Dose-Response Profile of A-101 in Subjects With Seborrheic Keratosis
NCT02260180	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Study of A-101 for the Treatment of Seborrheic Keratosis
NCT02757651	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	KORTUC: Intra-tumoural Hydrogen Peroxide as a Radiation Sensitizer in Patients With Locally Advanced/Recurrent Breast Cancer in Terms of Toxicity and Tumour Response
NCT03148691	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Randomized, Vehicle-Controlled Study of 2 Concentrations of A-101 for the Treatment of Seborrheic Keratosis
NCT03210337	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Phase2 of A-101 Topical Solution in Subjects With Common Warts
NCT03278028	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Study of A-101 Topical Solution Administered Twice a Week in Subjects With Common Warts
NCT03536637	PHASE2	COMPLETED	DMT310-001 Topical in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
NCT04626778	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Clinical Efficacy of Single-Use of Peroxyl Mouthwash for Reducing Bacteria in Saliva and Bioaerosol Contamination
NCT04717063	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Clinical Efficacy of Single-Use of Peroxyl Mouthwash for Reducing Bacteria Saliva and Bioaerosol Contamination Phase 2
NCT04748783	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Antiviral Efficacy and Acceptability of Mouth Rinses for Inactivation of COVID-19
NCT04929535	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Hydrogen Peroxide Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of 30%H2O2 as a Topical Application Before Definitive Treatment
NCT05024760	EARLY_PHASE1	RECRUITING	Antiseptic Effects on the Dental Implant Internal Surface Microbiome
NCT03678012	EARLY_PHASE1	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Anti-biofilm Effects of Ferumoxytol (Feraheme) Using an in Situ Biofilm Demineralization Model
NCT06812065	Not specified	RECRUITING	Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Hyperthermia and Hydrogen Peroxide 3% in the Treatment of Cutaneous Warts
NCT06831422	Not specified	RECRUITING	Post-incision Antimicrobial Wash vs C. Acnes in Shoulder Arthroplasty
NCT06884813	Not specified	RECRUITING	Clinical Evaluation of Color-Adjusting Composite Resin Following In-Office Dental Bleaching
NCT07565350	Not specified	RECRUITING	Local Hyperthermia Combined With Topical 3% Hydrogen Peroxide for Refractory Viral Warts
NCT01533675	Not specified	COMPLETED	A Comparison Study of the Tensile Strength of Sutures Used in Dermatologic Surgery on the Day of Suture Removal, Following Wound Care With Two Different Products
NCT02463318	Not specified	COMPLETED	The Effect of Melatonin on Gene Expression and Activity of the Sirt1 and Its Target Genes Catalase and MnSOD in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Subjects
NCT02495948	Not specified	COMPLETED	Comparison of Two Marketed Silicone Hydrogel Lenses
NCT02718183	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effect on Periodontal Markers by Bleaching Intracoronal Technique
NCT02816593	Not specified	COMPLETED	In-office and At-home Tooth Bleaching Using Low Concentration Peroxides.
NCT03194984	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Office Bleaching Agents in Patients of Different Age Group
NCT03412071	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Effect of Antibiotics on Penile Microbiome and HIV Susceptibility Study in Ugandan Men
NCT04373018	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Evaluation of Three Irrigants, Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine and Combination of CHX+H2O2 in Endodontic Treatment.
NCT04733196	Not specified	COMPLETED	Clinical Effectiveness of 5 Different Mouthwashes in the Treatment of Generalised Gingivitis
NCT04878042	Not specified	WITHDRAWN	COVID-19 Infection Control Using H2O2 Mouth Wash and Nasal Spray

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.

Related molecules

Related molecules

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

33 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 33 by shared-target count:

Molecule	Source	Status	Shared targets
MEFENAMIC ACID	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1, TRPM2
FLUFENAMIC ACID	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1, TRPM2
ADENOSINE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPM2
CLOTRIMAZOLE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPM2
DICLOFENAC	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
DISULFIRAM	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
ECONAZOLE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPM2
COPPER	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPM2
MENTHOL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
NICOTINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
RESVERATROL	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 3 (approved)	TRPA1
CANNABINOL	ChEMBL	Phase 3	TRPA1
ICILLIN	ChEMBL	Phase 3	TRPA1
LEVOMENTHOL	ChEMBL	Phase 3	TRPA1
ALLICIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CANNABIDIVARIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CANNABIGEROL	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CARVACROL	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CHLORDANTOIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
RG6341	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
SALIRASIB	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
SANGUINARIUM	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
TETRAHYDROCANNABIVARIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
THYMOL	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
Acetaldehyde	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
Caffeine	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
camphor (synthetic)	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
dronabinol	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
Eugenol	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
menthol, unspecified form	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
Miconazole	PubChem	Approved	TRPM2
Nadide	PubChem	Approved	TRPM2
Propylene Glycol	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1