Ivermectin
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Also known as AcarexxBimectinBovinetCardomecCardotek 30CD-5024CD5024CevamecDihydroavermectin b1aEquimecEqvalanHeartgardHyvermectinHeartguardIvectinIvermectin b1aIvermectin component of b1aIvermectinaIvermectine
Summary
Ivermectin (CHEMBL6067487) is an approved unknown (ATC D11AX22) targeting CHRNA7, P2RX4, and P2RX7; indicated across 23 conditions including rosacea and onchocerciasis.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Unknown
- ATC class: D11AX22 (+1 more)
- Targets: 3 (CHRNA7, P2RX4, P2RX7)
- Indications: 23 conditions
- Clinical trials: 165
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL6067487 |
| Name | Ivermectin |
| Type | Unknown |
| Max phase | 4 |
| ATC | D11AX22, P02CF01 |
Also known as: Acarexx, Bimectin, Bovinet, Cardomec, Cardotek 30, CD-5024, CD5024, Cevamec, Dihydroavermectin b1a, Equimec, Eqvalan, Heartgard
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycine Receptor (All subtypes) | Irreversible agonist | 6.4 | |||
| CHRNA7 | nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit | Positive | 5.1 | 0.1% | P36544 |
| P2RX4 | P2X4 | Positive | 6.6 | 1.2% | Q99571 |
| P2RX7 | P2X7 | Positive | 1.7% | Q99572 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 24 (assay-derived). Sample: Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor, Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5, Bile acid receptor, D(1A) dopamine receptor, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter, D(3) dopamine receptor, Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 37 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 43 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABCB1 | 7.97 | Kd | 10.6 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_11002226 |
| ABCB1 | 7 | IC50 | 100 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_11000847 |
| ABCB1 | 7 | IC50 | 100 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1170231 |
| ABCB1 | 6.7 | IC50 | 200 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1170228 |
| P07727 | 6.67 | Ki | 211.8 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756973 |
| NR1H4 | 6.58 | IC50 | 260 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_13348761 |
| ADORA3 | 6.54 | Ki | 289.4 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7754819 |
| P07727 | 6.43 | IC50 | 374.7 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756972 |
| P21447 | 6.3 | IC50 | 500 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_11000875 |
| P06795 | 6.3 | IC50 | 500 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_11000876 |
| ABCC1 | 6.3 | Ki | 500 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_11002297 |
| P21447 | 6.3 | IC50 | 500 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1170229 |
| P06795 | 6.3 | IC50 | 500 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_1170230 |
| ADORA3 | 6.29 | IC50 | 512.1 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7754818 |
| ADRA2C | 6.24 | Ki | 569.7 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7754833 |
| DRD3 | 6.12 | Ki | 750.3 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756945 |
| CHRM1 | 5.92 | Ki | 1191 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7757003 |
| CHRM3 | 5.89 | Ki | 1285 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7757007 |
| ADRA2A | 5.66 | Ki | 2190 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7754829 |
| DRD3 | 5.66 | IC50 | 2209 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756944 |
| DRD1 | 5.65 | Ki | 2257 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756941 |
| CHRM5 | 5.59 | Ki | 2592 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7757011 |
| SLC6A3 | 5.45 | Ki | 3540 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756949 |
| CHRM5 | 5.44 | IC50 | 3608 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7757010 |
| ABCC1 | 5.42 | IC50 | 3800 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_11001421 |
| ADRA2C | 5.41 | IC50 | 3921 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7754832 |
| SLC6A2 | 5.41 | Ki | 3915 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7754841 |
| SLC6A2 | 5.4 | IC50 | 3948 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7754840 |
| SLC6A3 | 5.35 | IC50 | 4455 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756948 |
| DRD1 | 5.34 | IC50 | 4515 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_7756940 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 3 target gene(s): CHRNA7, P2RX4, P2RX7.
Top Reactome pathways
11 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels | 2 | P2RX4, P2RX7 |
| Platelet homeostasis | 2 | P2RX4, P2RX7 |
| Purinergic signaling in leishmaniasis infection | 2 | P2RX4, P2RX7 |
| Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission | 1 | CHRNA7 |
| Transmission across Chemical Synapses | 1 | CHRNA7 |
| Neuronal System | 1 | CHRNA7 |
| Acetylcholine binding and downstream events | 1 | CHRNA7 |
| Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors | 1 | CHRNA7 |
| Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors | 1 | CHRNA7 |
| The NLRP3 inflammasome | 1 | P2RX7 |
| Mechanical load activates signaling by PIEZO1 and integrins in osteocytes | 1 | P2RX7 |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| monoatomic ion transport | 3 |
| signal transduction | 3 |
| monoatomic ion transmembrane transport | 3 |
| excitatory postsynaptic potential | 3 |
| calcium ion transmembrane transport | 3 |
| calcium ion transport | 2 |
| positive regulation of MAPK cascade | 2 |
| regulation of sodium ion transport | 2 |
| response to ischemia | 2 |
| positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol | 2 |
| sensory perception of pain | 2 |
| calcium-mediated signaling | 2 |
| positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion | 2 |
| response to ATP | 2 |
| response to fluid shear stress | 2 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
23 indications (5 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| rosacea | 4 | MONDO:0006604 | EFO:1000760 |
| onchocerciasis | 4 | MONDO:0017137 | EFO:0007402 |
| strongyloidiasis | 4 | MONDO:0005974 | EFO:0007501 |
| helminthiasis | 4 | MONDO:0004664 | EFO:1001342 |
| lice infestation | 4 | MONDO:0003472 | MONDO:0003472 |
| malaria | 3 | MONDO:0005136 | EFO:0001068 |
| filarial elephantiasis | 3 | MONDO:0005761 | EFO:0007272 |
| blepharitis | 3 | MONDO:0004785 | EFO:0009536 |
| severe acute respiratory syndrome | 3 | MONDO:0005091 | EFO:0000694 |
| pneumonia | 3 | MONDO:0005249 | EFO:0003106 |
| influenza | 3 | MONDO:0005812 | EFO:0007328 |
| Dengue hemorrhagic fever | 2 | MONDO:0005358 | EFO:0004227 |
| dengue disease | 2 | MONDO:0005502 | EFO:0005547 |
| atopic eczema | 2 | MONDO:0004980 | EFO:0000274 |
| acne | 2 | MONDO:0011438 | EFO:0003894 |
| trichuriasis | 2 | MONDO:0005996 | EFO:0007524 |
| ocular onchocerciasis | 2 | MONDO:0005878 | EFO:0007398 |
| alcohol abuse | 1 | MONDO:0002046 | MONDO:0007079 |
| triple-negative breast carcinoma | 1 | MONDO:0005494 | EFO:0005537 |
| leishmaniasis | 0 | MONDO:0011989 | EFO:0005044 |
3 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.
Clinical trials
Total trials: 165.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE3 | 46 |
| PHASE2 | 36 |
| Not specified | 24 |
| PHASE4 | 21 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 14 |
| PHASE1 | 13 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 8 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 3 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07145736 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Moxidectin Versus Ivermectin as Mass Drug Administration for the Control of Onchocerciasis and Other Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| NCT01593722 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Post-treatment Effects of Ivermectin (IVM) or Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) in Loiasis |
| NCT01903057 | PHASE4 | WITHDRAWN | Safety Study of Combined Azithromycin, Ivermectin and Albendazole for Trachoma and Lymphatic Filariasis |
| NCT02616250 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | MirvasO Soolantra Association In the Treatment of Moderate to Severe rosaCea. |
| NCT02775617 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Azithromycin - Ivermectin Mass Drug Administration for Skin Disease |
| NCT03052998 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Ivermectin Treatment in Patients With Onchocerciasis-associated Epilepsy |
| NCT03075891 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Oracea Soolantra Association in Participants With Severe Rosacea |
| NCT03690453 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect of Ivermectin Metabolites on Mosquito Survival |
| NCT03852303 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Ivermectin Treatment of Persons With Onchocerciasis-associated Epilepsy |
| NCT04435587 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Ivermectin vs Combined Hydroxychloroquine and Antiretroviral Drugs (ART) Among Asymptomatic COVID-19 Infection |
| NCT04729140 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | An Outpatient Clinical Trial Using Ivermectin and Doxycycline in COVID-19 Positive Patients at High Risk to Prevent COVID-19 Related Hospitalization |
| NCT04739410 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effectiveness of Ivermectin in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Patients |
| NCT04746365 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Ivermectin Role in Covid-19 Clinical Trial |
| NCT04779047 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Different Antiviral and Anti Inflammatory Drugs in COVID-19 Patients. |
| NCT04891250 | PHASE4 | WITHDRAWN | The Zambia Ivermectin Trial for the Treatment and Prevention of COVID-19 |
| NCT04944082 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Remdesivir- Ivermectin Combination Therapy in Severe Covid-19 |
| NCT05085665 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Loiasis Cross-reactive Antigenemia and Treatment-related Adverse Events |
| NCT05246072 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect of Combined Use of Ivermectin and Colchicine in COVID-19 Patients |
| NCT05605925 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Ivermectin-artemisinin Combination Therapy for Eradication of Malaria |
| NCT05819983 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Ivermectin/ Permethrin for Scabies |
| NCT06332872 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Comparison Effectiveness of Oral Ivermectin , 1% Permethrin Shampoo and 4% Dimeticone Liquid Gel in the Treatment of Pediculosis Capitis Among School Children in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand |
| NCT02735707 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia |
| NCT03876262 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Safety and Efficacy of Annual or Biannual Doses of Moxidectin or Ivermectin for Onchocerciasis |
| NCT04351347 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | RECRUITING | The Efficacy of Ivermectin in Larger Doses in COVID-19 Treatment |
| NCT00765024 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Ivermectin Versus Albendazole for Chronic Strongyloidiasis |
| NCT00790998 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Study Comparing Moxidectin And Ivermectin In Subjects With Onchocerca Volvulus Infection |
| NCT00819520 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Ivermectin in the Treatment of Head Lice |
| NCT01066585 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Safety and Efficacy Study Comparing 0.5% Ivermectin Cream to a Vehicle Control in Subjects With Head Lice Infestation |
| NCT01493687 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Phase 3 Papulopustular Rosacea Study |
| NCT01493947 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | CD5024 1% [Ivermectin 1%] Cream Versus Metronidazole 0.75% Cream in Papulopustular Rosacea (PPR) Study |
| NCT01494467 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Phase 3 Papulopustular Rosacea Study |
| NCT01570504 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Multiple Versus Single Dose of Ivermectin for the Treatment of Strongyloidiasis |
| NCT02236403 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Treatment of Demodex Blepharitis With Ivermectin Gel 0.1% Plus Metronidazole 1% |
| NCT02407782 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Oral Ivermectin Versus Topical Permethrin to Treat Scabies in Children and Adults |
| NCT02509481 | PHASE2/PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Repeat Ivermectin Mass Drug Administrations for Control of Malaria: a Pilot Safety and Efficacy Study |
| NCT02795117 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Two Treatments in the Treatment of Inflammatory Lesions of Rosacea |
| NCT02841215 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Efficacy Study Between Two Different Dosages of an Antiparasitic in Patients With Crusted Scabies |
| NCT03074435 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Insecticide Resistance Management in Burkina Faso and Côte D’Ivoire |
| NCT03236168 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Impact of Community Scabies Treatment on Head Lice Prevalence in the Solomon Islands |
| NCT03238131 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | IVM Alone vs ALB + IVM Against Onchocerciasis |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
42 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 42 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURAMIN | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | P2RX4, P2RX7 |
| PAROXETINE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | P2RX4 |
| ACETYLCHOLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| BRILLIANT BLUE G | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | P2RX7 |
| BUPROPION | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| CARBAMOYLCHOLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| DULOXETINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | P2RX4 |
| MECAMYLAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| NALTREXONE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| NICOTINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| TROPISETRON | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| VARENICLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| CYTISINICLINE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 3 (approved) | CHRNA7 |
| DEXMECAMYLAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | CHRNA7 |
| ENCENICLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | CHRNA7 |
| ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | P2RX4 |
| AZD0328 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| AZD1446 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| AZD9056 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | P2RX7 |
| BRADANICLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| CE-224535 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | P2RX7 |
| FACINICLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| GTS-21 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| JNJ-54175446 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | P2RX7 |
| LEVOMENOL | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| LOBELINE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| OXATOMIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | P2RX7 |
| RIVANICLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| SSR180711 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| STILONIUM | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| STILONIUM IODIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| TEBANICLINE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| TILORONE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | CHRNA7 |
| ZANVIPIXANT | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | P2RX7 |
| .gamma.-aminobutyric acid | PubChem | Approved | CHRNA7 |
| Berberine Chloride | PubChem | Approved | P2RX7 |
| Carbamazepine | PubChem | Approved | P2RX4 |
| Cinacalcet | PubChem | Approved | CHRNA7 |
| Eslicarbazepine | PubChem | Approved | P2RX4 |
| Mavorixafor | PubChem | Approved | CHRNA7 |
| Oxcarbazepine | PubChem | Approved | P2RX4 |
| Sulindac | PubChem | Approved | CHRNA7 |
Related Atlas pages
- Genes: CHRNA7, P2RX4, P2RX7
- Diseases: rosacea, onchocerciasis, strongyloidiasis, helminthiasis, lice infestation, malaria, filarial elephantiasis, blepharitis, severe acute respiratory syndrome, pneumonia, influenza
- Drugs: Suramin, Paroxetine, Acetylcholine, Bupropion, Carbamoylcholine, Duloxetine, Mecamylamine, Naltrexone, Nicotine, Tropisetron, Varenicline, Cytisinicline, Dexmecamylamine, Encenicline, Berberine Chloride, Carbamazepine, Cinacalcet, Eslicarbazepine, Mavorixafor, Oxcarbazepine, Sulindac