Nitrazepam

Summary

Nitrazepam (CHEMBL13209) is an approved small-molecule anticonvulsant (ATC N05CD02); indicated across 6 conditions including anxiety and dementia.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• ATC class: N05CD02
• Indications: 6 conditions
• Clinical trials: 3
• Chemistry: 281.27 Da · C15H11N3O3

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL13209
Name	Nitrazepam
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	no
PubChem CID	4506
ChEBI	CHEBI:7581
ATC	N05CD02
Molecular formula	C15H11N3O3
Molecular weight	281.27
InChIKey	KJONHKAYOJNZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: C1C(=O)NC2=C(C=C(C=C2)[N+](=O)[O-])C(=N1)C3=CC=CC=C3

IUPAC name: 7-nitro-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one

ChEBI definition: A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West’s syndrome).

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): anticonvulsant, antispasmodic drug, GABA modulator, sedative.

Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): drug metabolite.

Also known as: Benzalin, Mogadon, N05CD02, Nitrados, Nitrazepam, Nitrazepamum, NSC-58775, Remnos, RO-45360, RO-53059, Somnite, Unisomnia

Patent coverage: 4,876 distinct patent families (16,205 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 2 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 16,101 (99%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 5 (assay-derived). Sample: Prelamin-A/C, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)], GABA-A receptor; anion channel, 3’,5’-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 4D, Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 3 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 5 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

Target	pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Activity ID
P62813	7.66	AC50	22	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25131040
P08219	7.42	IC50	38	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_761201
LMNA	5.45	Potency	3548	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_3667940

Target pathways

No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).

Indications & clinical

Indications

6 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

Indication	Trial phase	MONDO	EFO
anxiety	3	MONDO:0011918	EFO:0005230
dementia	3	MONDO:0001627	HP:0000726
depressive disorder	3	MONDO:0002050	MONDO:0002050
sleep disorder	3	MONDO:0100081	EFO:0008568
epilepsy	2	MONDO:0005027	EFO:0000474

1 further indication record had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 3.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
PHASE3	2
PHASE2	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00374777	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Double-blind, Group-comparison P-III Study With Zolpidem MR Using Placebo and Nitrazepam in Insomnia Patients
NCT02374567	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Pharmacovigilance in Gerontopsychiatric Patients
NCT00004758	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Phase II Randomized Study of Early Surgery Vs Multiple Sequential Antiepileptic Drug Therapy for Infantile Spasms Refractory to Standard Treatment

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.

Related molecules

Related molecules

No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).