Nitroglycerin

Summary

Nitroglycerin (CHEMBL730) is an approved small-molecule vasodilator agent (ATC C01DA52); indicated across 37 conditions including hypertensive disorder and cardiovascular disorder.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• ATC class: C01DA52 (+2 more)
• Indications: 37 conditions
• Clinical trials: 112
• Chemistry: 227.09 Da · C3H5N3O9

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL730
Name	Nitroglycerin
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	yes
PubChem CID	4510
ChEBI	CHEBI:28787
ATC	C01DA52, C05AE01, C01DA02
Molecular formula	C3H5N3O9
Molecular weight	227.09
InChIKey	SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: C(C(CO[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-]

IUPAC name: 1,3-dinitrooxypropan-2-yl nitrate

ChEBI definition: A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): vasodilator agent, nitric oxide donor, explosive, prodrug, tocolytic agent, muscle relaxant.

Also known as: C01DA02, Chlormethine oxide hydrochloride, Coro-nitro, Deponit 10, Deponit 5, Diluted nitroglycerin, Glonoinum, Glyceryl trinitrate, Glyceryl trinitrate solution, Glytrin, Gonitro, Imx-150

Patent coverage: 17,326 distinct patent families (51,187 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

No target linkage available.

Bioactivity

No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).

Target pathways

No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).

Indications & clinical

Indications

37 indications (9 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

Indication	Trial phase	MONDO	EFO
hypertensive disorder	4	MONDO:0005044	EFO:0000537
cardiovascular disorder	4	MONDO:0004995	EFO:0000319
heart failure	4	MONDO:0005252	EFO:0003144
myocardial infarction	4	MONDO:0005068	EFO:0000612
hemorrhoid	4	MONDO:0004872	EFO:0009552
coronary artery disorder	4	MONDO:0005010	EFO:0001645
congestive heart failure	4	MONDO:0005009	EFO:0000373
stroke disorder	3	MONDO:0005098	EFO:0000712
osteoporosis	3	MONDO:0005298	EFO:0003882
Raynaud disease	3	MONDO:0008364	EFO:1001145
injury	3	MONDO:0021178	EFO:0000546
rheumatoid arthritis	3	MONDO:0008383	EFO:0000685
myocardial ischemia	3	MONDO:0024644	EFO:1001375
ischemia reperfusion injury	3	MONDO:0005203	EFO:0002687
scleroderma	3	MONDO:0019340	EFO:1001993
anus disorder	3	MONDO:0002519	EFO:0009660
heart disorder	3	MONDO:0005267	EFO:0003777
non-small cell lung carcinoma	2	MONDO:0005233	EFO:0003060
erectile dysfunction	2	MONDO:0005362	EFO:0004234
diabetic neuropathy	2	MONDO:0006626	EFO:1000783
disease of the tendon	2	MONDO:0100010	MONDO:0004857
lung neoplasm	2	MONDO:0021117	MONDO:0008903
pulmonary edema	2	MONDO:0006932	EFO:1001134
rectal cancer	1	MONDO:0006519	EFO:1000657
phlebitis	1	MONDO:0004625	EFO:1001395
pulmonary hypertension	1	MONDO:0005149	MONDO:0005149
hypotensive disorder	0	MONDO:0005468	EFO:0005251
peripheral arterial disease	0	MONDO:0005386	EFO:0004265
colorectal neoplasm	0	MONDO:0005335	MONDO:0005575

8 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 112.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
Not specified	41
PHASE4	27
PHASE2	12
PHASE3	11
PHASE1	11
PHASE2/PHASE3	4
PHASE1/PHASE2	3
EARLY_PHASE1	3

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT06428669	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Effect of Nitropaste in Chest Masculinizing Surgery
NCT07044232	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	NICardipine for Fast Achievement of Systolic BP Targets in ICH
NCT07083063	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Precise Endoscopic Application of Nitroglycerin in Preventing Post-ERCP Pancreatitis
NCT07391501	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Nitroglycerin Ointment for Pain Relief After Endoscopic Hemorrhoid Band Ligation
NCT00431691	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Antioxidants on Ocular Blood Flow, Endothelial Function, and Cytokine Levels in LPS Induced Inflammatory Model in Humans.
NCT00479908	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Blood Pressure Interaction Between Sildenafil and Sublingual Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) in Men With Angina
NCT00712894	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Different Vasodilators on Coronary No-reflow During primAry percuTaneous Coronary intErvention in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
NCT00842023	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Assessment of Biomarkers and Cardiorenal Syndrome in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure With Vasodilator Therapy
NCT01996436	PHASE4	TERMINATED	The Intra-arterial Vasospasm Trial
NCT01999517	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Contrast Nephropathy and Nitrates
NCT02085213	PHASE4	COMPLETED	GOT-IT Trial: Glyceryl Trinitrate for Retained Placenta
NCT02209636	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Phosphate Lowering in CKD Trial
NCT02254252	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Nicorandil on Angina Symptoms in Patients With Coronary Slow Flow
NCT02265965	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Trial of IV NTG for CD After Second Stage Arrest for the Prevention of Uterine Extension
NCT02583633	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Transdermal Nitroglycerin and Nifedipine in Preterm Labor
NCT02961946	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Sublingual and Transdermal Administration of Nitroglycerin for Coronary CT Angiography on Image Quality
NCT03251599	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Nitroglycerin Infusion Rate on Cerebral Rewarming During Hypothermic Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
NCT03252665	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Efficacy of Intracoronary Infusion of Different Medicine in STEMI Patients Undergoing Primary PCI
NCT03296670	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Intracoronary Infusion of Different Medicine in STEMI Patients With CSFP
NCT03304496	PHASE4	SUSPENDED	Subcutaneous Nitroglycerin to Facilitate Trans-radial Access.
NCT03777605	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Absorption and Pharmacokinetics of Nitroglycerin to a New Formulation
NCT03809065	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Nitroglycerin Versus Labetalol on Tissue Perfusion During Deliberate Hypotension
NCT04270071	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Efficacy and Safety of Yangxin Shengmai Granules for the Treatment of Stable Angina Pectoris
NCT04270279	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Efficacy and Safety of Xueshuanxinmaining Tablet for the Treatment of Stable Angina Pectoris
NCT04661709	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Efficacy and Safety of Wen Xin Granules for the Treatment of Unstable Angina Pectoris
NCT05616455	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Propionibacterium Extract Gel Versus 0.4% Glyceryl Trinitrate Ointment in the Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure: a Randomised Controlled Trial
NCT06682260	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluating the Effects of Nitroglycerin on Heart Function and Urinary Output in Patients With Acute Heart Failure
NCT06785337	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	The Effect of Inhaled Nitroglycerin for COPD Patients
NCT00000503	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Randomized Clinical Trial of Non-Surgical Reperfusion of the Coronary Arteries
NCT00043719	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Nitroglycerin Ointment for Preventing Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Women
NCT00093886	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Clevidipine in the Perioperative Treatment of Hypertension (ECLIPSE-NTG)
NCT00577304	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	A Study of a Topical Form of Nitroglycerin and Placebo in the Treatment and Prevention of Raynaud’s Phenomenon
NCT01155167	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Topical Radial Artery Vasodilation
NCT02343276	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Transradial Catheterization With or Without Spasmolytic Drugs
NCT02413268	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Topical Nitroglycerin To Prevent Radial Artery Occlusion After Transradial Access: NTP-RAO Trial
NCT03622060	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Intraarterial Nitroglycerin Versus Nicardipine and Radial Artery Occlusion
NCT03689946	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Effect of Evolocumab on Coronary Atherosclerosis
NCT03716050	PHASE2/PHASE3	TERMINATED	The Effect of Nitroglycerin Ointment, Fluorescent Angiography, and Incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy on Mastectomy Skin Flap Perfusion-Related Problems
NCT04321967	PHASE3	WITHDRAWN	Nitropaste in Breast Reduction
NCT05837403	PHASE3	COMPLETED	The Use of Platelet-rich Plasma in the Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline, but PharmGKB curates 0 clinical and 2 variant annotation(s) for this drug (gene-keyed; see PharmGKB).

Related molecules

Related molecules

No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).