Ozone

Summary

Ozone (CHEMBL2447938) is a phase-3 clinical-stage small-molecule oxidising agent targeting TRPA1; indicated across 7 conditions including diabetes mellitus and severe acute respiratory syndrome.

At a glance

• Status: Max clinical phase 3 (not approved)
• Modality: Small molecule
• Targets: 1 (TRPA1)
• Indications: 7 conditions
• Clinical trials: 96
• Chemistry: 47.998 Da · O3

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL2447938
Name	Ozone
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	3
FDA approved	no
PubChem CID	24823
ChEBI	CHEBI:25812
Molecular formula	O3
Molecular weight	47.998
InChIKey	CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: [O-][O+]=O

IUPAC name: ozone

ChEBI definition: An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. −112°C) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): greenhouse gas, disinfectant, tracer, mutagen, oxidising agent, antiseptic drug.

Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): electrophilic reagent.

Also known as: Ozone, Triatomic oxygen, ozone, OZONE

Patent coverage: 378,142 distinct patent families (708,341 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 2 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 708,298 (100%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

Gene	Target	Action	pAffinity	Cancer dependency	UniProt
TRPA1	TRPA1	Activation	5.5	0.1%	O75762

Bioactivity

No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).

Target pathways

Aggregated over 1 target gene(s): TRPA1.

Top Reactome pathways

1 total, by targets touching each:

Pathway	Targets	Genes
TRP channels	1	TRPA1

Dominant GO biological processes

GO term	Targets
monoatomic ion transport	1
intracellular calcium ion homeostasis	1
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	1
response to cold	1
response to xenobiotic stimulus	1
urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction	1
sensory perception of pain	1
cellular response to heat	1
positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	1
response to pain	1
thermoception	1
detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain	1
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain	1
protein homotetramerization	1
cellular response to hydrogen peroxide	1

Indications & clinical

Indications

7 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

Indication	Trial phase	MONDO	EFO
diabetes mellitus	3	MONDO:0005015	EFO:0000400
severe acute respiratory syndrome	3	MONDO:0005091	MONDO:0100096
keratitis	3	MONDO:0003085	EFO:0009449
interstitial cystitis	2	MONDO:0018301	EFO:0008507
tooth disorder	2	MONDO:0006999	EFO:1001216
myocardial ischemia	2	MONDO:0024644	EFO:1001375
osteonecrosis	1	MONDO:0005380	EFO:0004259

Clinical trials

Total trials: 96.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
Not specified	74
PHASE2/PHASE3	6
PHASE3	5
PHASE2	4
PHASE1	4
PHASE4	2
EARLY_PHASE1	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02910765	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Methylene Blue and Ozone in Early Sepsis
NCT05087693	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Salbutamol Use in Ozone Air Pollution by People With Asthma and/or Exercise Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB)
NCT04299893	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	Ozone Therapy in Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy: RCT (O3NPIQ)
NCT06706544	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	Ozone Treatment in Paresthesia (Numbness, Tingling) Secondary to Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy
NCT06799351	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	Gut Microbiome Profiles in Patients with Chemotherapy-induced Neuropathy in the RCT OzoParQT (NCT06706544).
NCT06802354	PHASE3	RECRUITING	Efficacy of Ozone Therapy in Reducing Complications Following Impacted Mandibular Third-molar Surgery
NCT00495495	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Healozone Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the Use of Ozone for Management of Dental Caries
NCT01643967	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of the Use of Ozone Versus Sunflower Oil in Treating Diabetic Foot
NCT02372032	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	A Trial of Percutaneous Lumbar Discectomy Combined With Ozone for Treatment of LDH
NCT03660657	PHASE2/PHASE3	TERMINATED	Ozone Therapy in Refractory Ischemic Heart Disease.
NCT03876067	PHASE2/PHASE3	UNKNOWN	The Cardioprotective Effects of Adding Ozone To Cardioplegic Solution in Adult Cardiac Surgery
NCT04370223	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Ozone Auto-hemotherapy for COVID-19 Pneumonia
NCT04426721	PHASE3	UNKNOWN	Intra-articular Oxygen-ozone Therapy for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Compared With Hyaluronic Acid
NCT00566007	PHASE2	TERMINATED	The Effect of Ozone Therapy for Lumbar Herniated Disc
NCT00946634	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Ozone Therapy in Endodontic Practice, in Vivo Study
NCT04789135	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Evaluation of Response to Use of Intravesical Ozone Gas in Interstitial Cystitis /Bladder Pain Syndrome
NCT05089305	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Ozone Plasma on Lung Function and Inflammatory Parameters in Pulmonary Sequelae Associated With Coronavirus 19 Infection
NCT05773001	PHASE1	RECRUITING	Macrophage Regulation of Ozone-Induced Lung Inflammation
NCT00468221	PHASE1	WITHDRAWN	The Effect of Low Level Ozone Exposure on Healthy Volunteers
NCT03395119	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Fish Oil or Olive Oil Supplementation on the Health Effects of Ozone Exposure in Healthy Young Subjects
NCT03646877	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Mechanisms of Ozone-Induced Alterations in Efferocytosis and Phagocytosis
NCT03599206	EARLY_PHASE1	COMPLETED	ONES Grant: CXCL10/CXCR3 Regulation of Ozone-Induced Epithelial Permeability
NCT04040920	Not specified	RECRUITING	Ozone Application Before Fissure Sealants
NCT05417737	Not specified	RECRUITING	Patients Referred to the Chronic Pain Unit for Palliative Treatment With Ozone Therapy Between 2022 and 2025
NCT05794087	Not specified	RECRUITING	The Role of Macrophage Activation in Lung Injury Following Ozone Exposure
NCT06133712	Not specified	RECRUITING	Dexmedetomidine, Ozone and Dexamethasone Local Injection in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome for Pain Relief
NCT06469931	Not specified	RECRUITING	Ozone Therapy in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
NCT06474897	Not specified	RECRUITING	Comparison of Mobilization and Ozone Therapy in Impingement Syndrome
NCT06649461	Not specified	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Efficacy of Ozone Therapy and Splint in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
NCT06943989	Not specified	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Pulmonary and Inflammatory Responses Following Exposure to a Low Concentration of Ozone or Clean Air at Rest
NCT07035522	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Ozone Therapy for Women With Endometriosis
NCT07106333	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Assessment of Ozone Therapy for Management of Post-Extraction Localized Alveolar Osteitis
NCT07325851	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Patients Referred to the Chronic Pain Unit for Palliative Treatment With Ozone Therapy Between 2026 and 2029.
NCT07427368	Not specified	RECRUITING	Comparison of ESWT and Ultrasound-Guided Ozone Injection in Lateral Epicondylitis
NCT07571356	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	The Effect of Ozone on Salivary Flow in Patients With Xerostomia and Hyposalivation After Radiotherapy (OZONEXEROSTOMI)
NCT00287365	Not specified	COMPLETED	Genetic Susceptibility to Ozone in Mild Asthmatic Volunteers
NCT00839943	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effect Of Obesity On Ozone-Induced Airway Inflammation
NCT00840528	Not specified	COMPLETED	Genetic Susceptibility TO Ozone-induced Airway Inflammation in Humans
NCT01192477	Not specified	COMPLETED	Ozone Cardiovascular Effects in Genetically Susceptible People
NCT01492517	Not specified	COMPLETED	Epigenetic Effects of Diesel Exhaust and Ozone Exposure

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Related molecules

Related molecules

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

27 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 27 by shared-target count:

Molecule	Source	Status	Shared targets
DICLOFENAC	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
DISULFIRAM	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
MEFENAMIC ACID	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
MENTHOL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
NICOTINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	TRPA1
RESVERATROL	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 3 (approved)	TRPA1
CANNABINOL	ChEMBL	Phase 3	TRPA1
ICILLIN	ChEMBL	Phase 3	TRPA1
LEVOMENTHOL	ChEMBL	Phase 3	TRPA1
ALLICIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CANNABIDIVARIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CANNABIGEROL	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CARVACROL	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
CHLORDANTOIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
FLUFENAMIC ACID	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
RG6341	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
SALIRASIB	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
SANGUINARIUM	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
TETRAHYDROCANNABIVARIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
THYMOL	ChEMBL	Phase 2	TRPA1
Acetaldehyde	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
Caffeine	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
camphor (synthetic)	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
dronabinol	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
Eugenol	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
menthol, unspecified form	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1
Propylene Glycol	PubChem	Approved	TRPA1