Palmidrol

Summary

Palmidrol (CHEMBL417675) is a phase-3 clinical-stage small-molecule anti-inflammatory drug targeting GPR55 and GPR119; indicated across 7 conditions including migraine disorder and tourette syndrome.

At a glance

• Status: Max clinical phase 3 (not approved)
• Modality: Small molecule
• Targets: 2 (GPR55, GPR119)
• Indications: 7 conditions
• Clinical trials: 19
• Chemistry: 299.5 Da · C18H37NO2

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL417675
Name	Palmidrol
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	3
FDA approved	no
PubChem CID	4671
ChEBI	CHEBI:71464
Molecular formula	C18H37NO2
Molecular weight	299.5
InChIKey	HXYVTAGFYLMHSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCO

IUPAC name: N-(2-hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide

ChEBI definition: An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): anti-inflammatory drug, antihypertensive agent, neuroprotective agent, anticonvulsant.

Also known as: AM 3112, FSD-201, Impulsin, Levagen, Loramine p 256, NSC-23320, Palmdrol prodes, Palmidrol, Palmitamide mea, Palmitic acid monoethanolamide, Palmitic monoethanolamide, Palmitoyl ethanolamide

Patent coverage: 1,799 distinct patent families (4,963 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

Gene	Target	Action	pAffinity	Cancer dependency	UniProt
GPR55	GPR55	Agonist	8.4	0%	Q9Y2T6
GPR119	GPR119	Full agonist		0.3%	Q8TDV5

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 8 (assay-derived). Sample: Inositol monophosphatase 1, Beta-lactamase, 3’,5’-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 4A, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1, Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit, Cytochrome P450 1A2, Lethal factor.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 7 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 9 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

Target	pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Activity ID
P08482	7.05	Potency	89.1	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_4803535
PDE4A	5.73	AC50	1869	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25206850
NFKB1	5.45	Potency	3548	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_3671928
NFKB1	5.45	Potency	3548	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_4585210
P97612	5.3	IC50	5012	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_2262983
P00811	5.05	Potency	8912	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_4746620
P97697	5	Potency	10000	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_4418108

Target pathways

Aggregated over 2 target gene(s): GPR55, GPR119.

Top Reactome pathways

4 total, by targets touching each:

Pathway	Targets	Genes
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	1	GPR55
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)	1	GPR119
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)	1	GPR119
G alpha (i) signalling events	1	GPR55

Dominant GO biological processes

GO term	Targets
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	2
signal transduction	2
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction	1
bone resorption	1
negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation	1
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	1
cannabinoid signaling pathway	1
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
insulin secretion	1
regulation of metabolic process	1

Indications & clinical

Indications

7 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

Indication	Trial phase	MONDO	EFO
migraine disorder	3	MONDO:0005277	MONDO:0005277
Tourette syndrome	2	MONDO:0007661	EFO:0004895
mastocytosis	2	MONDO:0007950	EFO:0009001
severe acute respiratory syndrome	2	MONDO:0005091	MONDO:0100096
bipolar disorder	2	MONDO:0004985	MONDO:0004985
opiate dependence	0	MONDO:0005530	EFO:0010702

1 further indication record had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 19.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
Not specified	10
PHASE2	7
PHASE4	1
EARLY_PHASE1	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02699281	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Ultra-micronized Palmitoylethanolamide (Um-PEA) in Geriatric Patients With Chronic Pain
NCT05246670	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	PEA for the Relief of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
NCT06717867	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Long-Term PEA Safety Study
NCT07315516	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Sleep and Stress Study
NCT03066193	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Efficacy of a Therapeutic Combination of Dronabinol and PEA for Tourette Syndrome
NCT05317676	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	Effect of Palmitoylethanolamide on Reducing Opioid Consumption for Below Knee Fracture Fixation
NCT06063369	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	PEA vs. Placebo for Major Depression
NCT06229977	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Trial of the Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor Palmitoylethanolamide in Bipolar Depression
NCT05480072	EARLY_PHASE1	COMPLETED	Endocannabinoids, Stress, Craving And Pain Effects Study
NCT05877781	Not specified	RECRUITING	PEA in Functional Dyspepsia
NCT06562400	Not specified	RECRUITING	Searching for Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Migraine Patients Resistant to Treatments
NCT07316660	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Palmitoylethanolamide vs Ibuprofen for Pain After ESWL
NCT07359534	Not specified	RECRUITING	Training Health Recovery and Improvement Via Levagen+® Evaluation
NCT07609810	Not specified	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Palmitoylethanolamide in Ulcerative Colitis
NCT01491191	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Palmitoylethanolamide for Post-operative Pain Prevention
NCT04912921	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effect of Palmitoylethanolamide on Proinflammatory Markers in Adults Recently Diagnosed With COVID-19
NCT05242718	Not specified	COMPLETED	Immune Diversity Response to Oral Dosing of Nutritional Health Products in Healthy Participants
NCT05406726	Not specified	COMPLETED	Mechanisms of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) to Alter Pain Sensitivity in Knee Osteoarthritis
NCT06225440	Not specified	COMPLETED	Impact of Levagen+® Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) in a Cross-Over Trial Examining Stress and Cognition in University Students

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Related molecules

Related molecules

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

17 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 17 by shared-target count:

Molecule	Source	Status	Shared targets
CANNABIDIOL	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR55
DRONABINOL	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR55
BISACODYL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR55
DIHYDROERGOTAMINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR119
ELAGOLIX	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR119
LOPERAMIDE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR119
PERHEXILINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR55
PERPHENAZINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR119
PHENOLPHTHALEIN	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR55
RIMONABANT	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR55
TOLVAPTAN	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	GPR119
CANNABIDIVARIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	GPR55
FIRUGLIPEL	ChEMBL	Phase 2	GPR119
GSK-1292263	ChEMBL	Phase 2	GPR119
MBX-2982	ChEMBL	Phase 2	GPR119
NIGULDIPINE	ChEMBL	Phase 2	GPR119
TETRAHYDROCANNABIVARIN	ChEMBL	Phase 2	GPR55