Penicillin G
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Also known as BencilpenicilinaBenzyl penicillinBenzylpenicillinBenzylpenicillineCrystapen gJ01CE01NSC-193396penicillinpenicilin Gpencillin GBezylpenicillinPenicllin GPencicillin GSID49647119Penicillin-GPenicilinPenicillin G (Benzylpenicillin)PencillinPENICILLINE
Summary
Penicillin G (CHEMBL29) is an approved small-molecule antibacterial drug (ATC J01CE01); indicated across 8 conditions including bacterial infectious disease and eye infectious disorder.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: J01CE01 (+1 more)
- Indications: 8 conditions
- Clinical trials: 26
- Chemistry: 334.4 Da · C16H18N2O4S
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL29 |
| Name | Penicillin G |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 5904 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:18208 |
| ATC | J01CE01, S01AA14 |
| Molecular formula | C16H18N2O4S |
| Molecular weight | 334.4 |
| InChIKey | JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N |
SMILES: CC1([C@@H](N2[C@H](S1)[C@@H](C2=O)NC(=O)CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)O)C
IUPAC name: (2S,5R,6R)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
ChEBI definition: A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): antibacterial drug, epitope, drug allergen.
Also known as: Bencilpenicilina, Benzyl penicillin, Benzylpenicillin, Benzylpenicilline, Crystapen g, J01CE01, NSC-193396, Penicillin g, penicillin G, penicillin, benzylpenicillin, Penicillin G
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL1126, CHEMBL1223, CHEMBL1200651, CHEMBL2105364, CHEMBL2107679, CHEMBL3182097, CHEMBL3989515
Patent coverage: 17,298 distinct patent families (56,772 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 5 (assay-derived). Sample: Organic anion transporter 3, Beta-lactamase TEM, Organic anion transporter 3, Organic anion transporter 3, Histamine H1 receptor.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 1 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 5 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRH1 | 5.17 | AC50 | 6800 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25212496 |
Target pathways
No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).
Indications & clinical
Indications
8 indications (2 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| bacterial infectious disease | 4 | MONDO:0005113 | EFO:0000771 |
| eye infectious disorder | 4 | MONDO:0043885 | EFO:1001888 |
| pharyngitis | 3 | MONDO:0002258 | MONDO:0002258 |
| pneumococcal infection | 3 | MONDO:0005114 | EFO:0000772 |
| tonsillitis | 3 | MONDO:0001039 | MONDO:0001039 |
| rheumatic heart disease | 2 | MONDO:0006955 | EFO:1001161 |
| syphilis | 2 | MONDO:0005976 | EFO:0007504 |
| osteomyelitis | 0 | MONDO:0005246 | EFO:0003102 |
Clinical trials
Total trials: 26.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE3 | 9 |
| Not specified | 8 |
| PHASE4 | 5 |
| PHASE1 | 2 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 1 |
| PHASE2 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05137119 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Staphylococcus Aureus Network Adaptive Platform Trial |
| NCT06726395 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Comparison of Cloxacillin and Benzylpenicillin in Penicillin Susceptible S. Aureus Bacteraemia |
| NCT01104662 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | Study of Daptomycin Safety and Efficacy for Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections (cSSSI) and Bacteremia in Renal Impairment |
| NCT03632642 | PHASE4 | WITHDRAWN | Penicillin Against Flucloxacillin Treatment Evaluation |
| NCT05094154 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Effect of Antibiotic Choice On ReNal Outcomes (ACORN) |
| NCT06877351 | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Oral Amoxicillin Compared to Penicillin G Benzathine for the Treatment of Acquired Syphilis. |
| NCT07575009 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Continuous Antibiotic Infusion In Children |
| NCT00000585 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Penicillin Prophylaxis in Sickle Cell Disease (PROPS) |
| NCT00315042 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | TELI TON - Telithromycin in Tonsillitis |
| NCT00315549 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | TELI TAD - Telithromycin in Tonsillitis in Adolescents and Adults |
| NCT01399723 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Amoxicillin Versus Benzyl Penicillin for Treatment of Children Hospitalised With Severe Pneumonia |
| NCT02208063 | PHASE3 | TERMINATED | A Phase 3 Telavancin Staphylococcus Aureus (S. Aureus) Bacteremia Trial |
| NCT03174236 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | First Line Antimicrobials in Children With Complicated Severe Acute Malnutrition |
| NCT04041791 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | A Study to Compare Different Antibiotics and Different Modes of Fluid Treatment for Children With Severe Pneumonia |
| NCT05548426 | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Linezolid for Syphilis Pilot Study |
| NCT02065245 | PHASE1/PHASE2 | COMPLETED | AllogeneiC Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSC) in Patients With Aging FRAilTy Via IntravenoUS Delivery |
| NCT06616168 | PHASE1 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Urogenital Infections in Women of Reproductive Age and the Activity of 4-Thiazolidinone Derivatives Against Pathogens |
| NCT04053140 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Closed-loop Control of Penicillin Delivery |
| NCT06504888 | Not specified | RECRUITING | Do Penicillin-allergic Patients Presents a High Risk of Sinus Lift Failure |
| NCT00405158 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Study of Acupuncture and Care Interventions for the Treatment of Breast Inflammation During Breastfeeding |
| NCT01156740 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Treatment of Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Children in Low Resource Settings |
| NCT01255670 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Penicillin and Metronidazole in Treatment of Peritonsillar Abscess |
| NCT02702349 | Not specified | UNKNOWN | The Frequency of Positive Challenge Test to Penicillin in Children Suspected to Have Allergy to Penicillin |
| NCT02960919 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Innovative Treatments in Pneumonia (ITIP) 3 |
| NCT04989127 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Comparison The Postoperative Effects of Local and Systemic Antibiotics Applied With Platelets Rich Fibrin |
| NCT06262945 | Not specified | COMPLETED | Comperasion the Postoperative Effect of Low Laser Therapy and Platelet Rich Fibrin on Mandibular Third Molar Surgery. |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline, but PharmGKB curates 2 clinical and 5 variant annotation(s) for this drug (gene-keyed; see PharmGKB).
Related molecules
Related molecules
No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).