Pentazocine

Summary

Pentazocine (CHEMBL100116) is an approved small molecule (ATC N02AD01) targeting SIGMAR1, OPRD1, and OPRK1; indicated across 2 conditions including bipolar disorder.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• ATC class: N02AD01
• Targets: 4 (SIGMAR1, OPRD1, OPRK1…)
• Indications: 2 conditions
• Clinical trials: 3
• Chemistry: 285.4 Da · C19H27NO

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL100116
Name	Pentazocine
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	no
PubChem CID	4736
ATC	N02AD01
Molecular formula	C19H27NO
Molecular weight	285.4
InChIKey	VOKSWYLNZZRQPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: CC1C2CC3=C(C1(CCN2CC=C(C)C)C)C=C(C=C3)O

IUPAC name: 1,13-dimethyl-10-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-azatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]trideca-2(7),3,5-trien-4-ol

Also known as: Dl-pentazocine, NIH-7958, NSC-107430, Pentazocina, Pentazocine, Pentazocine civ, WIN 20,228, WIN-20228, PENTAZOCINE, Pentazocin, (+)-Pentazocine, pentazocine

Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL3989509, CHEMBL3989510, CHEMBL5483020

Patent coverage: 8,479 distinct patent families (33,194 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 2 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 33,178 (100%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

Gene	Target	Action	pAffinity	Cancer dependency	UniProt
SIGMAR1	sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	Antagonist		2.6%	Q99720
OPRD1	δ receptor	Full agonist	7.3	0.2%	P41143
OPRK1	κ receptor	Partial agonist	8.6	0%	P41145
OPRM1	μ receptor	Partial agonist	8.4	0%	P35372

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 7 (assay-derived). Sample: Mu-type opioid receptor, Delta-type opioid receptor, Kappa-type opioid receptor, Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1, Sigma intracellular receptor 2, Sigma intracellular receptor 2, Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 38 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 38 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

Target	pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Activity ID
OPRK1	8.66	Ki	2.2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_22850854
OPRM1	8.57	Ki	2.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_27066968
OPRM1	8.57	Ki	2.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_27465314
OPRM1	8.57	Ki	2.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_28072706
OPRM1	8.57	Ki	2.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_28876637
Q60492	8.54	Kd	2.9	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19227129
Q60492	8.51	Ki	3.1	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25067169
OPRM1	8.49	Ki	3.2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25611550
OPRM1	8.41	Ki	3.9	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_22850853
Q60492	8.41	Ki	3.93	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24415831
Q60492	8.37	Ki	4.3	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24796409
Q60492	8.33	Ki	4.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_20652124
Q60492	8.33	Ki	4.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_22992800
SIGMAR1	8.33	Ki	4.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24735213
Q60492	8.27	Ki	5.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18448051
Q60492	8.27	Ki	5.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18507214
Q60492	8.27	Ki	5.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19120822
Q60492	8.27	Ki	5.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_22422103
Q60492	8.27	Ki	5.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24887256
Q60492	8.24	Ki	5.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_22910524
Q60492	8.24	Ki	5.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_23192290
Q60492	8.24	Ki	5.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24758484
Q60492	8.24	Ki	5.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24888292
OPRK1	8.12	Ki	7.6	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25611537
SIGMAR1	7.92	Ki	12.1	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_22850776
Q60492	7.82	Ki	15	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18793097
OPRK1	7.4	EC50	40	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25611561
OPRD1	7.21	Ki	62	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25611577
OPRM1	7.21	EC50	61	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_27066971
OPRM1	7.21	EC50	61	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_27465317

Target pathways

Aggregated over 4 target gene(s): SIGMAR1, OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1.

Top Reactome pathways

11 total, by targets touching each:

Pathway	Targets	Genes
Peptide ligand-binding receptors	3	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
G alpha (i) signalling events	3	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling	2	OPRD1, OPRM1
MECP2 regulates neuronal receptors and channels	2	OPRK1, OPRM1
Opioid Signalling	1	OPRM1
Disease	1	SIGMAR1
G-protein activation	1	OPRM1
Infectious disease	1	SIGMAR1
Potential therapeutics for SARS	1	SIGMAR1
SARS-CoV Infections	1	SIGMAR1
Viral Infection Pathways	1	SIGMAR1

Dominant GO biological processes

GO term	Targets
G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway	4
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	3
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	3
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	3
neuropeptide signaling pathway	3
signal transduction	3
immune response	2
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	2
response to nicotine	2
eating behavior	2
response to ethanol	2
sensory perception	2
sensory perception of pain	2
lipid transport	1
nervous system development	1

Indications & clinical

Indications

2 indications (1 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

Indication	Trial phase	MONDO	EFO
bipolar disorder	2	MONDO:0004985	MONDO:0004985

1 further indication record had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 3.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
PHASE4	1
PHASE2	1
Not specified	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02208596	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	The Feasibility of Different Doses of Etomidate Admixed With Propofol in Induced Abortion: A Randomized, Double Blind Controlled Trial
NCT00431184	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Effects of Pentazocine Versus Lorazepam on Manic Symptoms
NCT04539249	Not specified	COMPLETED	Opioid-free Analgesia for the Management of Acute Post-operative Pain Following Caesarean Section

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Related molecules

Related molecules

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

687 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:

Molecule	Source	Status	Shared targets
Dihydroergotamine	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
AMIODARONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
ASTEMIZOLE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
BENZTROPINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
CHLORPROMAZINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
CINNARIZINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
ECONAZOLE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
FENTANYL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
FLUPHENAZINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
LOPERAMIDE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
PAROXETINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
RALOXIFENE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
TAMOXIFEN	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
FLUNARIZINE	ChEMBL	Phase 2	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
METAZOCINE	ChEMBL	Phase 2	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
NALORPHINE	ChEMBL	Phase 2	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
NIGULDIPINE	ChEMBL	Phase 2	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
PROPOXYPHENE	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
TAFAMIDIS	ChEMBL + PubChem	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
ALVIMOPAN	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
AMITRIPTYLINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
AMLODIPINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
AMOXAPINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
BUPRENORPHINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
BUTORPHANOL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
CANNABIDIOL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
CINACALCET	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
CLEMASTINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
CLOMIPRAMINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
CLOTRIMAZOLE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
CLOZAPINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, SIGMAR1
CODEINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
DEXTROMETHORPHAN	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
DOBUTAMINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
FLUOXETINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
FLUSPIRILENE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
HYDROCODONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
HYDROMORPHONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
LANSOPRAZOLE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
LEVORPHANOL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
LOXAPINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
MEPERIDINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
METHADONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
METHYLNALTREXONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
MICONAZOLE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
MIFEPRISTONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRK1, OPRM1, SIGMAR1
MORPHINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
NAFTOPIDIL	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
NALBUPHINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
NALFURAFINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
NALMEFENE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
NALOXONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
NALTREXONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
NELFINAVIR	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
OLICERIDINE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
OXYCODONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
OXYMORPHONE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
PASIREOTIDE	ChEMBL	Phase 4 (approved)	OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1