Semaglutide
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Also known as NN-9535Nn9535OzempicRybelsusSemaglutidaSemaglutide component of cagrisemaSemaglutide component of nn1535 icosemaSemaglutide component of nn1535 laisemaWegovy
Summary
Semaglutide (CHEMBL2108724) is an approved protein (ATC A10BJ06) targeting GLP1R; indicated across 24 conditions including diabetes mellitus and obesity disorder.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Protein
- ATC class: A10BJ06
- Targets: 1 (GLP1R)
- Indications: 24 conditions
- Clinical trials: 451
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL2108724 |
| Name | Semaglutide |
| Type | Protein |
| Max phase | 4 |
| ATC | A10BJ06 |
Also known as: NN-9535, Nn9535, NN9535, Ozempic, Rybelsus, Semaglutida, Semaglutide, Semaglutide component of cagrisema, Semaglutide component of nn1535 icosema, Semaglutide component of nn1535 laisema, Wegovy, SEMAGLUTIDE
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLP1R | GLP-1 receptor | Agonist | 11.21 | 0.2% | P43220 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 1 (assay-derived). Sample: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 9 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 9 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLP1R | 10.73 | EC50 | 0.02 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_23221840 |
| GLP1R | 10.28 | EC50 | 0.05 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_25940311 |
| GLP1R | 10.28 | EC50 | 0.05 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_26005772 |
| GLP1R | 9.89 | IC50 | 0.13 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_15713250 |
| GLP1R | 9.42 | IC50 | 0.38 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_15713249 |
| GLP1R | 8.27 | Kd | 5.36 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_29149921 |
| GLP1R | 7.52 | IC50 | 30 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_15713298 |
| GLP1R | 6.45 | IC50 | 357 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_15713297 |
| GLP1R | 6.36 | Kd | 441 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_24755227 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 1 target gene(s): GLP1R.
Top Reactome pathways
3 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion | 1 | GLP1R |
| G alpha (s) signalling events | 1 | GLP1R |
| Glucagon-type ligand receptors | 1 | GLP1R |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| cell surface receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| activation of adenylate cyclase activity | 1 |
| positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration | 1 |
| learning or memory | 1 |
| regulation of heart contraction | 1 |
| post-translational protein targeting to membrane, translocation | 1 |
| negative regulation of blood pressure | 1 |
| positive regulation of blood pressure | 1 |
| hormone secretion | 1 |
| response to psychosocial stress | 1 |
| signal transduction | 1 |
| G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | 1 |
| regulation of biological quality | 1 |
| cellular response to glucagon stimulus | 1 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
24 indications (4 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).
| Indication | Trial phase | MONDO | EFO |
|---|---|---|---|
| diabetes mellitus | 4 | MONDO:0005015 | EFO:0000400 |
| obesity disorder | 4 | MONDO:0011122 | EFO:0001073 |
| type 2 diabetes mellitus | 4 | MONDO:0005148 | MONDO:0005148 |
| metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease | 3 | MONDO:0013209 | EFO:0003095 |
| metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis | 3 | MONDO:0007027 | EFO:1001249 |
| coronary artery disorder | 3 | MONDO:0005010 | EFO:0001645 |
| Alzheimer disease | 3 | MONDO:0004975 | MONDO:0004975 |
| type 1 diabetes mellitus | 3 | MONDO:0005147 | MONDO:0005147 |
| Klinefelter syndrome | 3 | MONDO:0006823 | EFO:1001006 |
| cardiovascular disorder | 3 | MONDO:0004995 | EFO:0000319 |
| nutritional disorder | 3 | MONDO:0005137 | EFO:0001069 |
| pseudotumor cerebri | 3 | MONDO:0009468 | EFO:1001132 |
| major depressive disorder | 2 | MONDO:0002009 | MONDO:0002009 |
| asthma | 2 | MONDO:0004979 | MONDO:0004979 |
| Parkinson disease | 2 | MONDO:0005180 | MONDO:0005180 |
| diabetic kidney disease | 2 | MONDO:0005016 | EFO:0000401 |
| polycystic ovary syndrome | 2 | MONDO:0008487 | EFO:0000660 |
| nicotine dependence | 2 | MONDO:0008575 | EFO:0003768 |
| alcohol abuse | 2 | MONDO:0002046 | MONDO:0007079 |
| liver disorder | 2 | MONDO:0005154 | EFO:0001421 |
| drug dependence | 2 | MONDO:0005303 | EFO:0003890 |
3 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.
Clinical trials
Total trials: 451.
Phase distribution
| Phase | Trials |
|---|---|
| PHASE3 | 124 |
| PHASE1 | 89 |
| Not specified | 89 |
| PHASE2 | 77 |
| PHASE4 | 65 |
| PHASE2/PHASE3 | 3 |
| PHASE1/PHASE2 | 3 |
| EARLY_PHASE1 | 1 |
Top trials by phase / activity
| NCT | Phase | Status | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04639414 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Combined Active Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes with NASH |
| NCT04892199 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Does GLP-1RA Prevent Deterioration of Metabolic State in Prediabetic and Diabetic Patients Treated With Antipsychotic Medication? |
| NCT05119179 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Pharmacogenetics of the Response to GLP-1 in Mexican-Americans With Prediabetes |
| NCT05195944 | PHASE4 | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Semaglutide vs Sitagliptin |
| NCT05441267 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | A Study of Cardiovascular Events iN Diabetes Plus |
| NCT05780905 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Effects of Semaglutide on Intracranial Blood Flow and Brain-Barrier Permeability in Type-2 Diabetes |
| NCT06003153 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | GLUCOSE-MGH: Genetic Links Understood Through Challenge With Oral Semaglutide Exposure at MGH |
| NCT06042153 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | DIALYSIS-TIR Study |
| NCT06184633 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | DUTCH Weight Control in Atrial Fibrillation Study |
| NCT06287307 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Semaglutide 2.4mg for Low Responders After Bariatric Surgery |
| NCT06396416 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Obesity Management for Kidney TRANSPLANTation: OK-TRANSPLANT 2 |
| NCT06410352 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Effectiveness of Weight Loss Methods on Lifespan for Metabolic Syndrome |
| NCT06557811 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Effect of Oral Semaglutide on Epicardial and Pericoronary Adipose Tissues in Type 2 Diabetes After Myocardial Infarction |
| NCT06571383 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | STEP TEENS Weight Maintenance: A Research Study on How Well Semaglutide Helps Teenagers With Excess Body Weight to Lose Weight and Maintain Weight Loss |
| NCT06613854 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Effect of Early Combination Antihyperglycemic Treatment on Metabolic Control in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT06792422 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | A Study Investigating Oral Semaglutide in People with Open-Angle Glaucoma |
| NCT06801015 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Effects of Long-Acting GLP-1 (Glucagon-like Peptide-1) or Dual Incretin (GLP-1 and GIP [Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Peptide]) Modulation on Gastric Motor Functions |
| NCT06803888 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Bariatric Surgery vs. Semaglutide vs. Tirzepatide |
| NCT06814938 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | A Study of a Novel Precision Medicine Approach For Obesity |
| NCT06851962 | PHASE4 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Impact of Pharmacogenetic-Guided Treatment on Type 2 Diabetes. |
| NCT06863363 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | PEG-rhGH and Semaglutide Combination Therapy in Non-Diabetic Obese Adults |
| NCT06954090 | PHASE4 | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Urinary Proteomics to Guide Early Intervention to Prevent Complications in Type 2 Diabetes - a Feasibility Study |
| NCT06959784 | PHASE4 | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Assessing Incretin Therapy for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction and Diabetes Remission( ITCRDR Study) |
| NCT06977438 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Promoting Healthy Children and Youth |
| NCT06986993 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Impact of Semaglutide on Tobacco Use and Related Health Behaviors |
| NCT07073053 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Coronary Artery Diseases and Their Potential Mechanisms |
| NCT07213466 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Individualized Pharmacological Approach to Obesity in Patients With Bipolar Disorder |
| NCT07239570 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | A Biomarker-targeted Clinical Trial to Optimize Treatment for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease |
| NCT07242534 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Effect of Semaglutide on Embryo Quality in Overweight and Obese Patients Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization. |
| NCT07251556 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Non-diabetic Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis |
| NCT07272343 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | The Impact of Semaglutide Compared to Energy Restriction on Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT07275697 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Waiting on Atrial Fibrillation Intervention Therapy (WAIT) Study |
| NCT07314684 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | GLP1-RAs Effects on Inflammatory and Endothelial Biomarkers in T2DM |
| NCT07389941 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Semaglutide PrIor to CathEeter Ablation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation |
| NCT07401992 | PHASE4 | RECRUITING | Effects of Semaglutide on Clinical Outcomes and Metabolic Inflammation in Psoriasis |
| NCT07483801 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | DECODE - Haemodynamic Effects Of Semaglutide and Tirzepatide - a Series of Pilot Studies |
| NCT07485062 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Exercise and Diabetes Interventions to Improve Brain Health in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes |
| NCT07547878 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Rapid and Simultaneous Initiation of Four Guideline-Directed CKD Therapies (RAPID-CKD) |
| NCT07554417 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Combatting Muscle Loss in Obese Adult Patients on GLP-1 Medications Through Dietary Counseling and Exercise During Treatment Evaluates Whether a 12-week Exercise and Individualized Nutrition Program Can Reduce Muscle and Bone Loss and Improve Strength, Fitness, and Function in Obese Adults on GLP-1 |
| NCT07592546 | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Translational Health Research Into Vascular and Neurocognitive Effects of Weight Loss |
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
17 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 17 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| LIRAGLUTIDE | ChEMBL + PubChem | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| DIHYDROERGOTAMINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| ELAGOLIX | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| EXENATIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| GLUCAGON | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| LOPERAMIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| PERPHENAZINE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| SECRETIN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| TIRZEPATIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| TOLVAPTAN | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | GLP1R |
| ORFORGLIPRON | ChEMBL | Phase 3 | GLP1R |
| COTADUTIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | GLP1R |
| DANUGLIPRON | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | GLP1R |
| DEVAZEPIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | GLP1R |
| GLP-1 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | GLP1R |
| LOTIGLIPRON | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | GLP1R |
| PF-06291874 | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | GLP1R |
Related Atlas pages
- Genes: GLP1R
- Diseases: diabetes mellitus, obesity disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, coronary artery disorder, Alzheimer disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Klinefelter syndrome, cardiovascular disorder, nutritional disorder, pseudotumor cerebri
- Drugs: Liraglutide, Dihydroergotamine, Elagolix, Exenatide, Glucagon, Loperamide, Perphenazine, Secretin, Tirzepatide, Tolvaptan, Orforglipron