Tubocurarine
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Also known as D-tubocurarineTubocurarine cationTubocurarine ionSID26756599TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE
Summary
Tubocurarine (CHEMBL339427) is an approved small-molecule nicotinic antagonist (ATC M03AA02) targeting KCNN1, KCNN2, and KCNN3.
At a glance
- Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
- Modality: Small molecule
- ATC class: M03AA02
- Targets: 4 (KCNN1, KCNN2, KCNN3…)
- Chemistry: 609.7 Da · C37H41N2O6+
Identifiers
Drug identity and classification
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL339427 |
| Name | Tubocurarine |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Max phase | 4 |
| FDA approved | yes |
| PubChem CID | 6000 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:9774 |
| ATC | M03AA02 |
| Molecular formula | C37H41N2O6+ |
| Molecular weight | 609.7 |
| InChIKey | JFJZZMVDLULRGK-URLMMPGGSA-O |
SMILES: CN1CCC2=CC(=C3C=C2[C@@H]1CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=C6[C@@H](CC7=CC(=C(C=C7)O)O3)[N+](CCC6=CC(=C5O)OC)(C)C)OC
IUPAC name: (1S,16R)-10,25-dimethoxy-15,15,30-trimethyl-7,23-dioxa-30-aza-15-azoniaheptacyclo[22.6.2.23,6.18,12.118,22.027,31.016,34]hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6(35),8(34),9,11,18(33),19,21,24,26,31-dodecaene-9,21-diol
ChEBI definition: A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.
Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): nicotinic antagonist, muscle relaxant, drug allergen.
Also known as: D-tubocurarine, Tubocurarine, Tubocurarine cation, Tubocurarine ion, SID26756599, tubocurarine, TUBOCURARINE, TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE
Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL292280, CHEMBL1687, CHEMBL3989821
Patent coverage: 1,215 distinct patent families (4,123 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 3 matched compound structure(s). One matched structure accounts for 4,105 (100%) of the total. Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.
Targets
Targets
Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).
| Gene | Target | Action | pAffinity | Cancer dependency | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-HT3AB | Antagonist | 4.5 | |||
| 5-HT3A | Antagonist | 4.8 | |||
| KCNN1 | KCa2.1 | Antagonist | 4.6 | 1.5% | Q92952 |
| KCNN2 | KCa2.2 | Antagonist | 5.7 | 0% | Q9H2S1 |
| KCNN3 | KCa2.3 | Antagonist | 4.5 | 0% | Q9UGI6 |
| ZACN | ZAC | Antagonist | 5.2 | 7% | Q401N2 |
Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 5 (assay-derived). Sample: Solute carrier family 22 member 2, Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1, Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2, ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 4, Mu-type opioid receptor.
Bioactivity
ChEMBL activities: 2 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 5 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):
| Target | pChembl | Type | Value | Unit | Activity ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLC47A1 | 5.03 | IC50 | 9400 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_12637864 |
| ABCC4 | 5.02 | IC50 | 9600 | nM | CHEMBL_ACT_18130915 |
Target pathways
Aggregated over 4 target gene(s): KCNN1, KCNN2, KCNN3, ZACN.
Top Reactome pathways
7 total, by targets touching each:
| Pathway | Targets | Genes |
|---|---|---|
| Neuronal System | 3 | KCNN1, KCNN2, KCNN3 |
| Ca2+ activated K+ channels | 3 | KCNN1, KCNN2, KCNN3 |
| Potassium Channels | 3 | KCNN1, KCNN2, KCNN3 |
| Sensory processing of sound | 1 | KCNN2 |
| Sensory processing of sound by outer hair cells of the cochlea | 1 | KCNN2 |
| Acetylcholine inhibits contraction of outer hair cells | 1 | KCNN2 |
| Sensory Perception | 1 | KCNN2 |
Dominant GO biological processes
| GO term | Targets |
|---|---|
| monoatomic ion transport | 4 |
| monoatomic ion transmembrane transport | 4 |
| monoatomic cation transmembrane transport | 4 |
| potassium ion transport | 3 |
| potassium ion transmembrane transport | 3 |
| chemical synaptic transmission | 1 |
| membrane repolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential | 1 |
| regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport | 1 |
| response to zinc ion | 1 |
Indications & clinical
Indications
0 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4).
Clinical trials
Total trials: 0.
Clinical evidence (CIViC)
No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).
Pharmacology
Pharmacogenomics
No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.
Related molecules
Related molecules
Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.
3 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 3 by shared-target count:
| Molecule | Source | Status | Shared targets |
|---|---|---|---|
| CEPHARANTHINE | ChEMBL | Phase 2 | KCNN2, KCNN3 |
| DEQUALINIUM CHLORIDE | ChEMBL | Phase 4 (approved) | KCNN3 |
| Riluzole | PubChem | Approved | KCNN3 |