Vitamin A Palmitate

Summary

Vitamin A Palmitate (CHEMBL1675) is an approved small-molecule antioxidant; indicated across 1 condition including age-related macular degeneration.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• Indications: 1 condition
• Clinical trials: 8
• Chemistry: 524.9 Da · C36H60O2

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL1675
Name	Vitamin A Palmitate
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	yes
PubChem CID	5280531
ChEBI	CHEBI:17616
Molecular formula	C36H60O2
Molecular weight	524.9
InChIKey	VYGQUTWHTHXGQB-FFHKNEKCSA-N

SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(CCCC1(C)C)C

IUPAC name: [(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] hexadecanoate

ChEBI definition: An all-trans-retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic (hexadecanoic acid) with the hydroxy group of all-trans-retinol. It is used in cosmetic products to treat various skin disorders such as acne, skin aging, wrinkles, dark spots, and also protect against psoriasis.

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): antioxidant.

Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): Escherichia coli metabolite, human xenobiotic metabolite.

Also known as: Afaxin, All-(e)-retinol palmitate, Alphalin, Aquasol a, Del-vi-a, NSC-758478, Retinol, hexadecanoate, palmitate, all-trans, Retinyl palmitate, Vi-dom-a

Patent coverage: 8,042 distinct patent families (20,840 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 3 (assay-derived). Sample: Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma, Adenosine receptor A3, Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 1 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 3 total. Top 30 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

Target	pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Activity ID
P51450	5.2	Potency	6310	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_4100044

Target pathways

No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).

Indications & clinical

Indications

1 indication (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

Indication	Trial phase	MONDO	EFO
age-related macular degeneration	0	MONDO:0005150	EFO:0001365

Clinical trials

Total trials: 8.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
Not specified	4
EARLY_PHASE1	2
PHASE4	1
PHASE2	1

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00417404	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Vitamin A and Very Low Birthweight Babies (VitAL)
NCT04080869	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Retinyl Palmitate-loaded Ethosomes in Acne Vulgaris
NCT03478865	EARLY_PHASE1	COMPLETED	Vitamin A Palmitate Supplementation in People With Age-Related Macular Degeneration (and Without Reticular Pseudodrusen) and Delayed Dark Adaptation
NCT03478878	EARLY_PHASE1	COMPLETED	Vitamin A Palmitate Supplementation in Patients With Reticular Pseudodrusen (RPD) and Delayed Dark Adaptation
NCT01583972	Not specified	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Newborn Vitamin A Supplementation in Improving Immune Function
NCT01803659	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effect of Small Daily Doses of B-carotene on Breast Milk Retinol
NCT03632876	Not specified	COMPLETED	Nutritional Outcomes After Vitamin A Supplementation in Subjects With SCD
NCT05045703	Not specified	WITHDRAWN	The Dark-Adapted Retinal Function Response in Choroideremia (DARC) Study

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Related molecules

Related molecules

No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).