Zanamivir

Summary

Zanamivir (CHEMBL222813) is an approved small-molecule EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-α-sialidase) inhibitor (ATC J05AH01); indicated across 5 conditions including viral infectious disease and influenza.

At a glance

• Status: Approved (max clinical phase 4)
• Modality: Small molecule
• ATC class: J05AH01
• Indications: 5 conditions
• Clinical trials: 18
• Chemistry: 332.31 Da · C12H20N4O7

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

Field	Value
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL222813
Name	Zanamivir
Type	Small molecule
Max phase	4
FDA approved	yes
PubChem CID	60855
ChEBI	CHEBI:50663
ATC	J05AH01
Molecular formula	C12H20N4O7
Molecular weight	332.31
InChIKey	ARAIBEBZBOPLMB-UFGQHTETSA-N

SMILES: CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@H](C=C(O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O)C(=O)O)N=C(N)N

IUPAC name: (2R,3R,4S)-3-acetamido-4-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-carboxylic acid

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-α-sialidase) inhibitor, antiviral agent.

Also known as: GG-167, GG167, GR 121167X, GR-121167, GR-121167X, Relenza, Zanamivir, zanamivir, Zanamivi, ZANAMIVIR, SID144205743, SID170464662

Parent form; salt/anhydrous children: CHEMBL57705, CHEMBL1673195, CHEMBL3330707, CHEMBL5315117

Patent coverage: 11,511 distinct patent families (42,528 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 2 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Broader ChEMBL bioactivity targets: 11 (assay-derived). Sample: Neuraminidase, Neuraminidase, Neuraminidase, Neuraminidase, Sialidase-3, Sialidase-2, Neuraminidase, Sialidase-4, Neuraminidase, Neuraminidase, Neuraminidase.

Bioactivity

ChEMBL activities: 71 potent at pChembl ≥ 5 of 82 total. Top 100 by potency (10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM):

Target	pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Activity ID
P03474	10	Ki	0.1	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_2079276
P03468	9.3	IC50	0.5	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_503099
P03468	9.28	IC50	0.52	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18471047
P03470	9.1	IC50	0.8	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_16814656
P03470	9	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18429109
P03468	9	IC50	1	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_868939
P03468	8.81	IC50	1.56	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_3539803
P03470	8.8	IC50	1.6	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_12166578
P03474	8.77	IC50	1.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_138500
P03471	8.76	IC50	1.73	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18471046
P03468	8.7	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_114254
P03468	8.7	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_658292
P03468	8.7	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_700699
P03468	8.7	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_868937
P03468	8.7	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_868940
P03474	8.7	IC50	2	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_868943
P03468	8.65	IC50	2.23	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18471045
P03468	8.64	IC50	2.3	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_138499
P03470	8.62	IC50	2.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_12185628
Q75VQ4	8.57	IC50	2.66	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_3539804
P03470	8.54	IC50	2.9	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_12166571
P03474	8.52	IC50	3	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_868942
P03471	8.47	IC50	3.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18283900
P03471	8.42	IC50	3.8	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18283852
P03474	8.4	IC50	4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_1200965
P03474	8.4	IC50	4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_554401
P03474	8.4	IC50	4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_592582
P03474	8.4	IC50	4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_658293
P0DOF9	8.33	Kd	4.7	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19406830
P03468	8.3	IC50	5	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_1200964
P03468	8.3	IC50	5	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_554400
P03468	8.3	IC50	5	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_592581
P03474	8.3	IC50	5	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_868941
P03468	8.29	IC50	5.16	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24867850
P03468	8.28	IC50	5.31	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18404112
Q07599	8.13	IC50	7.43	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18813631
P03468	8	IC50	10	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_868938
P03468	7.92	IC50	12	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19260230
P0DOF9	7.81	IC50	15.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19406792
P03468	7.81	IC50	15.39	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24828163
P03468	7.8	IC50	16	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25614427
P03474	7.77	IC50	17	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_700700
P03468	7.72	IC50	19	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_29086755
P03474	7.7	IC50	20	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_114255
P03471	7.68	IC50	21	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19260264
P0DOF9	7.64	IC50	22.9	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_12166563
Q6XV28	7.64	IC50	22.8	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18813618
P03471	7.49	IC50	32.4	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18283846
P03471	7.37	IC50	43	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_25614469
P03471	7.29	IC50	51.9	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18283894
P03474	6.59	IC50	257.5	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18283888
P03474	6.36	IC50	433.8	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18283882
NEU3	6.21	Ki	620	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18274544
NEU3	6.21	Ki	620	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18787776
NEU3	6.21	Ki	620	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19333757
NEU2	5.41	IC50	3900	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24842396
NEU3	5.4	IC50	4000	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18274493
NEU3	5.4	IC50	4000	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18787796
NEU3	5.4	IC50	4000	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19333610
NEU2	5.28	IC50	5300	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_15639066
NEU2	5.28	IC50	5300	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24842393
NEU2	5.24	Ki	5700	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18274540
NEU2	5.24	Ki	5700	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18787781
NEU2	5.24	Ki	5700	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19333749
NEU3	5.17	IC50	6800	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_3539808
NEU3	5.16	IC50	7000	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_3591560
NEU2	5.11	IC50	7800	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18274450
NEU2	5.11	IC50	7800	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_18787801
NEU2	5.11	IC50	7800	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_19333543
NEU2	5.11	IC50	7800	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_24842404
NEU3	5.09	IC50	8170	nM	CHEMBL_ACT_16627066

Target pathways

No target-pathway data for this drug (no mapped target genes).

Indications & clinical

Indications

2 approved indications. FDA phase 4, plus an anticancer drug’s labelled cancer uses (which ChEMBL often logs at phase 3).

Indication	Phase	MONDO	EFO
viral infectious disease	4	MONDO:0005108	EFO:0000763
influenza	4	MONDO:0005812	EFO:0007328

2 diseases in clinical trials (phase 1–3, investigational — not approved indications). Highest ChEMBL trial phase per disease; a non-cancer approved use is occasionally logged at phase 3 here.

Disease (in trials)	Phase	MONDO	EFO
dengue disease	2	MONDO:0005502	EFO:0005547
type 2 diabetes mellitus	2	MONDO:0005148	MONDO:0005148

1 further indication record had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 18.

Phase distribution

Phase	Trials
PHASE3	6
PHASE2	5
PHASE1	5
Not specified	2

Top trials by phase / activity

NCT	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00784784	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Zanamivir Versus Trivalent Split Virus Influenza Vaccine
NCT00799760	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Evaluation of Efficacity and Safety of Oseltamivir and Zanamivir
NCT00979667	PHASE3	TERMINATED	A Clinical Trial Comparing Oseltamivir With Placebo And Zanamivir With Control As First Line Treatment For Human Swine Influenza Infection
NCT01231620	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study of Intravenous Zanamivir Versus Oral Oseltamivir in Adults and Adolescents Hospitalized With Influenza
NCT01459081	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Zanamivir in Treatment of Influenza A and B Virus Infections in China
NCT01527110	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study of Intravenous Zanamivir in the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With Influenza Infection
NCT04494412	PHASE2	RECRUITING	An Intravenous (IV) Zanamivir Pharmacokinetics (PK) Study in Hospitalized Neonates and Infants With Influenza Infection
NCT04597437	PHASE2	RECRUITING	Zanamivir Treatment of Vascular Permeability in Dengue (ZAP-DENGUE)
NCT05648448	PHASE2	RECRUITING	A Phase 2 Trial Comparing Antiviral Treatments in Early Symptomatic Influenza
NCT00830323	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Efficacy and Safety of Combination Therapies With Oseltamivir & Zanamivir or Oseltamivir & Amantadine Versus Oseltamivir Monotherapy in the Treatment of Seasonal Influenza A Infection
NCT04867707	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Role of Neuraminidase Activity on Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes
NCT00540501	PHASE1	WITHDRAWN	A Study to Evaluate Orally-Administered Oseltamivir and Intravenous Zanamivir in Healthy Subjects
NCT00921726	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Pharmacokinetic Study of Oseltamivir and Intravenous Zanamivir in Healthy Adults
NCT00989404	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Crossover Study to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Repeat Dose Zanamivir/Placebo Via Devices Administered Twice Daily for 5 Days
NCT01353729	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Intravenous Zanamivir on Cardiac Conduction in Healthy Volunteers
NCT02377401	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Pharmacokinetics of Zanamivir After Single and Repeated Dose Infusion Administration in Healthy Chinese Adults
NCT01199744	Not specified	COMPLETED	Relenza® Sentinel Site Monitoring Program in Japan
NCT01462487	Not specified	COMPLETED	Safety of Inhaled Zanamivir in Pregnancy

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No CPIC/DPWG dosing guideline or drug-level clinical/variant annotations in PharmGKB for this molecule.

Related molecules

Related molecules

No competitor molecules sharing a primary target (ChEMBL phase ≥2 or PubChem drug-class).