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Zinc Ion

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Also known as Zinc cationZinc

Summary

Zinc Ion (CHEMBL1236970) is a phase-3 clinical-stage small-molecule cofactor targeting GPR39, GPR83, and ADRB2; indicated across 27 conditions including respiratory system disorder and hiv infectious disease.

At a glance

  • Status: Max clinical phase 3 (not approved)
  • Modality: Small molecule
  • Targets: 25 (GPR39, GPR83, ADRB2…)
  • Indications: 27 conditions
  • Clinical trials: 151
  • Chemistry: 65.4 Da · Zn+2

Identifiers

Drug identity and classification

FieldValue
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL1236970
NameZinc Ion
TypeSmall molecule
Max phase3
FDA approvedno
PubChem CID32051
ChEBICHEBI:29105
Molecular formulaZn+2
Molecular weight65.4
InChIKeyPTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: [Zn+2]

IUPAC name: zinc(2+)

Pharmacological roles (ChEBI): cofactor.

Other ChEBI roles (chemical / environmental): human metabolite.

Also known as: Zinc cation, Zinc ion, Zinc, ZINC ION

Patent coverage: 508 distinct patent families (943 SureChEMBL compound mentions), from 1 matched compound structure(s). Mentions count patents naming the compound (not distinct inventions), so promiscuous / reference molecules inflate the mention figure — families are the dedup metric.

Targets

Targets

Primary targets (GtoPdb curated mechanism): the Cancer dependency column is the DepMap CRISPR fitness signal (% of screened cell lines dependent on the target).

GeneTargetActionpAffinityCancer dependencyUniProt
GPR39GPR39Agonist0.1%O43194
GPR83GPR83Full agonist50%Q9NYM4
ADRB2β2-adrenoceptorNegative3.30.4%P07550
5-HT3ABiphasic
GABRA1GABAA receptor α1 subunitInhibition0%P14867
GABRA2GABAA receptor α2 subunitInhibition0%P47869
GABRA3GABAA receptor α3 subunitInhibition0%P34903
GABRA4GABAA receptor α4 subunitInhibition0%P48169
GABRA5GABAA receptor α5 subunitInhibition0.9%P31644
GABRA6GABAA receptor α6 subunitInhibition0.1%Q16445
GLRA1glycine receptor α1 subunitInhibition4.80.3%P23415
GLRA2glycine receptor α2 subunitInhibition3.40.4%P23416
GLRA3glycine receptor α3 subunitInhibition3.80.2%O75311
GLRBglycine receptor β subunitInhibition3.70.2%P48167
Glycine Receptor (All subtypes)Inhibition
KCNJ4Kir2.3Antagonist4.4%P48050
TRPA1TRPA1Activation2.30.1%O75762
TRPM1TRPM160.1%Q7Z4N2
TRPM2TRPM260.4%O94759
KCNH8Kv12.10.1%Q96L42
ZACNZACAgonist3.77%Q401N2
ASIC1ASIC18.22.6%P78348
ASIC3ASIC34.20%Q9UHC3
CLCN1ClC-10.3%P35523
CLCN2ClC-20.1%P51788
CLCN4ClC-44.30%P51793
Maxi Cl-4.3
HVCN1Hv16.30%Q96D96

Bioactivity

No ChEMBL bioactivity rows at pChembl ≥ 5 (expected for biologics / antibodies).

Target pathways

Aggregated over 25 target gene(s): GPR39, GPR83, ADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6, GLRA1, GLRA2, GLRA3, GLRB, KCNJ4, TRPA1, TRPM1, TRPM2, KCNH8, ZACN, ASIC1, ASIC3, CLCN1, CLCN2, CLCN4, HVCN1.

Top Reactome pathways

42 total, by targets touching each:

PathwayTargetsGenes
GABA receptor activation7GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6, KCNJ4
Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission5GLRA1, GLRA2, GLRA3, GLRB, KCNJ4
Stimuli-sensing channels5ASIC1, ASIC3, CLCN1, CLCN2, CLCN4
TRP channels3TRPA1, TRPM1, TRPM2
G alpha (s) signalling events3ADRB2, GPR39, GPR83
Neuronal System2KCNH8, KCNJ4
Potassium Channels2KCNH8, KCNJ4
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)2ADRB2, GPR39
Transport of small molecules2ASIC1, ASIC3
Neutrophil degranulation2HVCN1, TRPM2
Ion channel transport2ASIC1, ASIC3
Transmission across Chemical Synapses1KCNJ4
ROS and RNS production in phagocytes1HVCN1
Signaling by ERBB41GABRA1
Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels1KCNJ4
Classical Kir channels1KCNJ4
G protein gated Potassium channels1KCNJ4
Inwardly rectifying K+ channels1KCNJ4
Voltage gated Potassium channels1KCNH8
Sperm Motility And Taxes1HVCN1
Signal Transduction1ADRB2
Membrane Trafficking1ADRB2
Signaling by GPCR1ADRB2
Amine ligand-binding receptors1ADRB2
GPCR downstream signalling1ADRB2
Adrenoceptors1ADRB2
Metabolism of proteins1ADRB2
Muscle contraction1KCNJ4
G alpha (q) signalling events1GPR39
GPCR ligand binding1ADRB2

Dominant GO biological processes

GO termTargets
monoatomic ion transport22
monoatomic ion transmembrane transport22
chloride transmembrane transport13
chloride transport13
regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential8
transmembrane transport8
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway6
synaptic transmission, GABAergic6
inhibitory synapse assembly6
signal transduction5
neuropeptide signaling pathway4
regulation of membrane potential4
excitatory postsynaptic potential4
calcium ion transmembrane transport4
calcium ion transport4

Indications & clinical

Indications

27 indications (0 at ChEMBL trial phase 4). Phase below is the highest clinical-trial phase recorded for this drug against each disease — not the molecule’s overall approval status (that is in the Summary).

IndicationTrial phaseMONDOEFO
respiratory system disorder3MONDO:0005087EFO:0000684
HIV infectious disease3MONDO:0005109EFO:0000764
malaria3MONDO:0005136EFO:0001068
pneumonia3MONDO:0005249EFO:0003106
pulmonary tuberculosis3MONDO:0006052EFO:1000049
herpes labialis3MONDO:0043653EFO:1001347
diarrheal disease3MONDO:0001673HP:0002014
oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma3MONDO:0004958EFO:0000199
severe acute respiratory syndrome3MONDO:0005091EFO:0000694
hepatitis C virus infection3MONDO:0005231EFO:0003047
sickle cell disease3MONDO:0011382MONDO:0011382
tuberculosis3MONDO:0018076MONDO:0018076
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma2MONDO:0010150EFO:0000181
thalassemia2MONDO:0000984EFO:1001996
alcoholic hepatitis2MONDO:0001505EFO:1001345
viral infectious disease2MONDO:0005108EFO:0000763
autism1MONDO:0005260EFO:0003758
alopecia1MONDO:0004907MONDO:0004907

9 further indication records had no mapped disease name (EFO/MeSH-only) or were duplicates, and are omitted.

Clinical trials

Total trials: 151.

Phase distribution

PhaseTrials
Not specified70
PHASE335
PHASE418
PHASE212
PHASE16
PHASE1/PHASE25
PHASE2/PHASE34
EARLY_PHASE11

Top trials by phase / activity

NCTPhaseStatusTitle
NCT06151392PHASE4RECRUITINGEffect of Probiotic and Zinc Supplementations on the Clinical Outcome in Pediatric Patients with Ventriculitis
NCT06664008PHASE4NOT_YET_RECRUITINGThe Effect of Probiotic and Zinc Supplementation in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
NCT00228254PHASE4COMPLETEDVitamin A and Zinc: Prevention of Pneumonia (VAZPOP) Study
NCT00449592PHASE4COMPLETEDOral Zinc Therapy for the Prevention of Mucositis
NCT00470158PHASE4COMPLETEDDelivery of Iron and Zinc Supplements: Evaluation of Interaction Effect on Biochemical and Clinical Outcomes
NCT00944398PHASE4COMPLETEDImpact of Targeted Zinc Fortification Programs on Plasma Zinc Concentration
NCT00944723PHASE4COMPLETEDImpact of Mass Zinc Fortification Programs on Plasma Zinc Concentration
NCT01468636PHASE4TERMINATEDA RTC to Examine the Effectiveness of 400 mg of Oral Zinc Gluconate as Adjunctive Therapy for Ano-genital Warts
NCT01616693PHASE4COMPLETEDZinc and/or Probiotic Supplementation of Rotavirus and Oral Polio Virus Vaccines
NCT01791608PHASE4COMPLETEDZinc Sulphate vs. Zinc Amino Acid Chelate
NCT03005496PHASE4COMPLETEDThe Effect of Zinc, β-carotene, and Vitamin D3 in Preterm Delivery Through Placental MyD88, TRIF, NFkB, and IL-1β
NCT03095326PHASE4COMPLETEDPneumococcal Vaccination for Splenectomised Thalassemia Major Patients in Indonesia
NCT03283813PHASE4COMPLETEDZIMBA: Clinical Trial in Paediatric Obesity
NCT03366584PHASE4UNKNOWNThe Effect of β-Carotene, Vitamin D3 and Zinc on Hyaline Membrane Disease and Feeding Intolerance in Premature Neonates
NCT04278599PHASE4UNKNOWNEffect of Oral Zinc Supplementation as an Adjuvant to Topical Corticosteroid in Oral Lichen Planus Patients
NCT04468139PHASE4UNKNOWNThe Study of Quadruple Therapy Zinc, Quercetin, Bromelain and Vitamin C on the Clinical Outcomes of Patients Infected With COVID-19
NCT04621461PHASE4COMPLETEDPlacebo Controlled Trial to Evaluate Zinc for the Treatment of COVID-19 in the Outpatient Setting
NCT05002101PHASE4COMPLETEDDaily Zinc Supplement Effect on Prevention of Diarrhea and Acute Respiratory Infections in Children Less Than Five Years
NCT06102044PHASE3RECRUITINGZinc Supplementation for Young Infants With Clinical Severe Infection in Tanzania
NCT00000145PHASE3COMPLETEDAge-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS)
NCT00098202PHASE3COMPLETEDRandomized Placebo-Controlled Trial (RPCT) of Maize/Zinc in Guatemala
NCT00133406PHASE3UNKNOWNLong-term Impact and Intervention for Diarrhea in Brazil
NCT00133432PHASE3TERMINATEDZinc and Pneumonia Protocol
NCT00148733PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDCHIZAP: Community- and Health Facility-Based Intervention With Zinc as Adjuvant Therapy for Childhood Pneumonia
NCT00226616PHASE3COMPLETEDZinc Supplementation in Cholera Patients
NCT00272428PHASE3COMPLETEDPrimary Prevention Trial of the Health Effects of Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals.
NCT00325247PHASE3COMPLETEDEfficacy of Zinc Therapy in Acute Diarrhoea in Young Children
NCT00395161PHASE3TERMINATEDThe CRISIS Prevention Study
NCT00408356PHASE3COMPLETEDImmunological and Clinical Responses to Zinc in Children With Diarrhoea
NCT00421668PHASE3COMPLETEDA Trial of Zinc and Micronutrients in Tanzanian Children
NCT00446758PHASE3COMPLETEDTrial of Zinc and HIV Progression in Children
NCT00530829PHASE3COMPLETEDImpact of Home Zinc Treatment for Acute Diarrhea in Children
NCT00536133PHASE3COMPLETEDRole of Zinc in Recurrent Acute Lower Respiratory Infections
NCT00623857PHASE3COMPLETEDMicronutrients and Child Health Study
NCT00698386PHASE3UNKNOWNEfficacy of Oral Zinc Administration as an Adjunct Therapy in New Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Category I) Patients
NCT00704990PHASE2/PHASE3COMPLETEDCombination Natural Health Product in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
NCT00801606PHASE3COMPLETEDMicronutrient Supplementation in in Paediatric Pulmonary Tuberculosis
NCT01152931PHASE3COMPLETEDAntioxidant Micronutrients in Malaria
NCT01265849PHASE3COMPLETEDEfficacy and Safety Study of Leukocyte Interleukin,Injection (LI) to Treat Cancer of the Oral Cavity
NCT01782001PHASE3COMPLETEDEvaluation of Vitamin A and Zinc Supplementation on Malarial Morbidity

Clinical evidence (CIViC)

No CIViC predictive evidence (expected for non-precision-medicine drugs).

Pharmacology

Pharmacogenomics

No PharmGKB pharmacogenomic data curated for this drug.

Molecules sharing ≥1 of this drug’s curated primary targets, merged from two biobtree sources and ranked by shared-target count, then clinical phase: ChEMBL clinical-stage candidates (development phase ≥2) and PubChem drug-class bioactivity (approved / known drugs acting on the target). Deduplicated by drug name; the drug’s own salt forms are excluded. Note: for a drug with few primary targets a shared-target match can reflect off-target / promiscuous binding rather than the same therapeutic mechanism — the phase ordering surfaces bona-fide therapeutics first.

303 molecules share ≥1 primary target. Top 60 by shared-target count:

MoleculeSourceStatusShared targets
PROPOFOLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6, GLRA1
APALUTAMIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
CLONAZEPAMChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
DIAZEPAMChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
ENZALUTAMIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
FLUMAZENILChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
BREXANOLONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
GANAXOLONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
LIOTHYRONINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
ALFAXALONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 2 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
ABECARNILChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
BAICALEINChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
DELORAZEPAMChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
FLAVONEChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
PROGABIDEChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4, GABRA5, GABRA6
BRETAZENILChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5, GABRA6
ALPRAZOLAMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5
CHLORDIAZEPOXIDEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5
ESZOPICLONEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4
FLUNITRAZEPAMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5
TRIAZOLAMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5
AZD7325ChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5
BASMISANILChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5
MK-0777ChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA5
CrizotinibChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
ZURANOLONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA4, GLRA1
BENPERIDOLChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
CANDESARTAN CILEXETILChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
CLOZAPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
ZOLPIDEMChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3
DARIGABATChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA3, GABRA5
PANADIPLONChEMBLPhase 2GABRA1, GABRA3, GABRA6
.gamma.-aminobutyric acidPubChemApprovedGABRA4, GABRA6, GLRA1
AfatinibPubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
ApixabanPubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
BinimetinibPubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
CaffeinePubChemApprovedGABRA4, GABRA6, TRPA1
chenodiolPubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
FulvestrantPubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
ImipenemPubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
Propylene GlycolPubChemApprovedGABRA1, GABRA2, TRPA1
PyrazinamidePubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
saxagliptinPubChemApprovedADRB2, GABRA1, GABRA2
ADENOSINEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, TRPM2
AmilorideChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ASIC1, ASIC3
CLOTRIMAZOLEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, TRPM2
DRONABINOLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)GLRA1, TRPA1
MEFENAMIC ACIDChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)TRPA1, TRPM2
OLODATEROLChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GABRA2
PIMOZIDEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GLRA1
REGORAFENIBChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GLRA1
RISPERIDONEChEMBL + PubChemPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GLRA1
ASENAPINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2
AZELASTINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2
CHLORAMBUCILChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2
EPINASTINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2
ETOMIDATEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2
FLUSPIRILENEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)ADRB2, GLRA1
GLAFENINEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA2
LINDANEChEMBLPhase 4 (approved)GABRA1, GABRA6

About this page

Generated deterministically by Sugi Atlas from primary biomedical databases via BioBTree. Every record on this page traces to a primary source.

Generated
Atlas version
v1.1.2
BioBTree
v2.0.2

Sources 30

This page pulls from 30 datasets indexed by BioBTree:

chebichembl_activitychembl_moleculechembl_targetcivic_evidenceclingen_dosageclinical_trialsdepmapefoensemblentrezgogoparentgtopdbgtopdb_interactiongtopdb_ligandhgncmeshmondomsigdbpatent_compoundpharmgkbpharmgkb_guidelinepubchempubchem_activityreactomereactomeparentrefseqtranscriptuniprot