ACOX2

Summary

ACOX2 (acyl-CoA oxidase 2, HGNC:120) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 3p14.3, encoding Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2 (Q99424). Oxidizes the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and tri-hydroxycholestanoic acids.

The product of this gene belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family. It encodes the branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase which is involved in the degradation of long branched fatty acids and bile acid intermediates in peroxisomes. Deficiency of this enzyme results in the accumulation of branched fatty acids and bile acid intermediates, and may lead to Zellweger syndrome, severe cognitive disability, and death in children.

Source: NCBI Gene 8309 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): congenital bile acid synthesis defect 6 (Definitive, ClinGen)
• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 346 total — 1 pathogenic, 1 likely-pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_003500

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:120
Approved symbol	ACOX2
Name	acyl-CoA oxidase 2
Location	3p14.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	BRCACOX, BRCOX, THCCox
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000168306
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	601641
Entrez	8309

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 35 — 25 protein_coding, 5 retained_intron, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000302819, ENST00000459701, ENST00000459888, ENST00000460921, ENST00000466689, ENST00000466810, ENST00000467738, ENST00000474098, ENST00000475143, ENST00000480791, ENST00000481527, ENST00000489472, ENST00000492530, ENST00000900712, ENST00000900713, ENST00000900714, ENST00000900715, ENST00000900716, ENST00000900717, ENST00000900718, ENST00000900719, ENST00000900720, ENST00000900721, ENST00000900722, ENST00000900723, ENST00000900724, ENST00000900725, ENST00000900726, ENST00000900727, ENST00000900728, ENST00000900729, ENST00000900730, ENST00000900731, ENST00000900732, ENST00000943385

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_003500 NM_003500

CCDS: CCDS33775

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000302819 — 15 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001168650	58531251	58531366
ENSE00001168680	58534360	58534522
ENSE00001506823	58530466	58530638
ENSE00001924617	58537119	58537190
ENSE00003478353	58522496	58522601
ENSE00003505218	58534947	58535197
ENSE00003509301	58505136	58505286
ENSE00003544793	58533445	58533552
ENSE00003544947	58531693	58531812
ENSE00003571135	58528794	58528956
ENSE00003588341	58533994	58534145
ENSE00003603426	58524426	58524605
ENSE00003665043	58517206	58517423
ENSE00003667005	58526466	58526656
ENSE00003679101	58508893	58509025

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 223 present calls, max score 98.78.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 4.0525 / max 106.3414, expressed in 1136 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (9 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
42695	1.8081	726
42691	1.2384	483
42694	0.7176	390
42692	0.1161	53
42693	0.0527	14
42697	0.0374	14
42698	0.0374	15
42696	0.0251	10
42690	0.0197	10

Top tissues by expression

285 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	98.78	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	98.00	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	96.67	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	94.87	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	94.67	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	93.53	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	93.26	gold quality
nephron tubule	UBERON:0001231	92.86	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	92.59	gold quality
adult mammalian kidney	UBERON:0000082	92.22	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	92.15	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	91.79	gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propria	UBERON:0035841	91.67	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	91.48	gold quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	91.46	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	91.45	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	91.38	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	91.33	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	91.31	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	91.24	gold quality
nerve	UBERON:0001021	91.18	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	91.18	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	90.98	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	90.95	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	90.66	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	90.60	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	90.58	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	90.51	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	90.44	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	90.39	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	5.33

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): PPARA

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 5)

• Our results suggest that downregulation of ACOX2 is a shared risk factor for PE and CVD. (PMID:21343950)
• Results found an ACOX2 variant present in a subset of human breast cancers and associated with improved outcome ER+ tumors suggesting it as a potential novel therapeutic biomarker in ER+ breast tumors. (PMID:26183823)
• We have identified by the first time in a young patient and his only sister a familiar genetic defect of an enzyme called ACOX2, which participates in the transformation of cholesterol into bile acids as a cause of increased serum transaminases in the absence of any other symptomatology. (PMID:27884763)
• ACOX2, physiologically responsible for one of the stages in the degradation of branched-chain fatty acids and bile acid, may be a possible genetic risk factor linking Preeclampsia and Related Cardiovascular diseases. (PMID:29971632)
• ACOX2 is a prognostic marker and impedes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via PPARalpha pathway. (PMID:33414412)

Cross-species orthologs

16 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Acox2	ENSMUSG00000021751
rattus_norvegicus	Acox2	ENSRNOG00000007378
drosophila_melanogaster	ACOX1	FBGN0027572
drosophila_melanogaster	CG4586	FBGN0029924
drosophila_melanogaster	Acox57D-p	FBGN0034628
drosophila_melanogaster	Acox57D-d	FBGN0034629
caenorhabditis_elegans	acox-1.1	WBGENE00008564
caenorhabditis_elegans	acox-1.2	WBGENE00008565
caenorhabditis_elegans	acox-1.3	WBGENE00008566
caenorhabditis_elegans	acox-1.4	WBGENE00008567
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00015894
caenorhabditis_elegans	acdh-1	WBGENE00016943
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00019406
caenorhabditis_elegans	acdh-3	WBGENE00019433
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00020366
caenorhabditis_elegans	acdh-4	WBGENE00020419

Paralogs (14): ACADVL (ENSG00000072778), ACOX3 (ENSG00000087008), GCDH (ENSG00000105607), ACAD10 (ENSG00000111271), ACADL (ENSG00000115361), ACADM (ENSG00000117054), ACADS (ENSG00000122971), IVD (ENSG00000128928), ACAD8 (ENSG00000151498), ACOXL (ENSG00000153093), ACOX1 (ENSG00000161533), ACAD9 (ENSG00000177646), ACADSB (ENSG00000196177), ACAD11 (ENSG00000240303)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2 — Q99424 (reviewed: Q99424)

Alternative names: 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA 24-hydroxylase, 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanoyl-CoA oxidase, Trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase

All UniProt accessions (6): C9J0G0, C9JY29, Q99424, H7C4Q2, H7C4Y2, H7C573

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Oxidizes the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and tri-hydroxycholestanoic acids. Capable of oxidizing short as well as long chain 2-methyl branched fatty acids.

Subunit / interactions. Homodimer.

Subcellular location. Peroxisome.

Tissue specificity. Present in all tissues tested: heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. Most abundant in heart, liver and kidney.

Disease relevance. Congenital bile acid synthesis defect 6 (CBAS6) [MIM:617308] An inborn error of bile acid synthesis characterized by abnormally increased liver enzymes, hypolipidemia and low cholesterol, vitamin D deficiency, elevated plasma and urinary levels of C27 intermediate bile acids 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoic acid (DHCA) and 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoic acid (THCA). Serum levels of phytanic and pristanic acids are normal. Clinical features include liver fibrosis, mild ataxia, delayed development, and cognitive impairment. Liver histology shows many thin fibrous septa, swollen hepatocytes, glycogenated nuclei, and focal acinar transformation, consistent with hepatocellular injury and regeneration, without signs of obvious cholestasis, cholate stasis, or steatosis. CBAS6 transmission pattern is consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Similarity. Belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_003491* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002655	Acyl-CoA_oxidase_C	Domain
IPR009100	AcylCoA_DH/oxidase_NM_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR012258	Acyl-CoA_oxidase	Family
IPR029320	Acyl-CoA_ox_N	Domain
IPR036250	AcylCo_DH-like_C	Homologous_superfamily
IPR037069	AcylCoA_DH/ox_N_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR046373	Acyl-CoA_Oxase/DH_mid-dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR055060	ACOX_C_alpha1	Domain

Pfam: PF01756, PF14749, PF22924

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 2 shown:

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA + A + H2O = (24R,25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA + AH2 (RHEA:15733)
• (25S)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA + O2 = (24E)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholest-24-en-26-oyl-CoA + H2O2 (RHEA:46728)

UniProt features (11 total): modified residue 7, sequence variant 2, chain 1, short sequence motif 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q99424-F1	94.49	0.91

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (7): 3, 9, 13, 66, 137, 453, 561

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

11 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-193368	Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol
R-HSA-389887	Beta-oxidation of pristanoyl-CoA
R-HSA-9033241	Peroxisomal protein import
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-192105	Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts
R-HSA-194068	Bile acid and bile salt metabolism
R-HSA-390918	Peroxisomal lipid metabolism
R-HSA-556833	Metabolism of lipids
R-HSA-8957322	Metabolism of steroids
R-HSA-8978868	Fatty acid metabolism
R-HSA-9609507	Protein localization

MSigDB gene sets: 215 (showing top): MODULE_172, GOBP_LIPID_MODIFICATION, MODULE_93, GOBP_FATTY_ACID_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, PAX4_01, KAAB_FAILED_HEART_ATRIUM_DN, GNF2_GSTM1, GOMF_OXIDOREDUCTASE_ACTIVITY_ACTING_ON_THE_CH_CH_GROUP_OF_DONORS, ENK_UV_RESPONSE_KERATINOCYTE_UP, GNF2_HPN, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GRAESSMANN_RESPONSE_TO_MC_AND_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GOBP_MONOCARBOXYLIC_ACID_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_ORGANIC_ACID_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, STOSSI_RESPONSE_TO_ESTRADIOL

GO Biological Process (6): very long-chain fatty acid metabolic process (GO:0000038), bile acid biosynthetic process (GO:0006699), fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA oxidase (GO:0033540), lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629), fatty acid metabolic process (GO:0006631), fatty acid beta-oxidation (GO:0006635)

GO Molecular Function (10): acyl-CoA oxidase activity (GO:0003997), fatty acid binding (GO:0005504), 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA 24-hydroxylase activity (GO:0033791), protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803), flavin adenine dinucleotide binding (GO:0050660), FAD binding (GO:0071949), protein binding (GO:0005515), obsolete palmitoyl-CoA oxidase activity (GO:0016401), oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491), oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors (GO:0016627)

GO Cellular Component (3): peroxisome (GO:0005777), peroxisomal matrix (GO:0005782), cytosol (GO:0005829)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-8 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Metabolism of lipids	2
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts	1
Peroxisomal lipid metabolism	1
Protein localization	1
Bile acid and bile salt metabolism	1
Metabolism of steroids	1
Fatty acid metabolism	1
Metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
fatty acid metabolic process	1
bile acid metabolic process	1
monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process	1
fatty acid beta-oxidation	1
primary metabolic process	1
lipid metabolic process	1
monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	1
fatty acid catabolic process	1
fatty acid ligase activity	1
fatty acid oxidation	1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor	1
lipid binding	1
monocarboxylic acid binding	1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups	1
identical protein binding	1
protein dimerization activity	1
nucleotide binding	1
anion binding	1
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	1
binding	1
catalytic activity	1
oxidoreductase activity	1
microbody	1
peroxisome	1
microbody lumen	1
cytoplasm	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2297 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ACOX2	HSD17B4	P51659	845
ACOX2	EHHADH	Q08426	821
ACOX2	ACAA1	P09110	809
ACOX2	PEX5	P50542	791
ACOX2	SCP2	P22307	691
ACOX2	BAAT	Q14032	668
ACOX2	AMACR	Q9UHK6	665
ACOX2	PPARA	Q07869	651
ACOX2	ECI2	O75521	648
ACOX2	SLC27A5	Q9Y2P5	626
ACOX2	ACOT4	Q8N9L9	617
ACOX2	CPT2	P23786	613
ACOX2	ACLY	P53396	572
ACOX2	HSD3B7	Q9H2F3	571
ACOX2	ROGDI	Q9GZN7	562

IntAct

6 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
ACOX2	STRN3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.560
DYNLT1	ACOX2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ACOX2	STRN3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ACOX2	DYNLT1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (6): ACOX2 (Biochemical Activity), SLMAP (Affinity Capture-MS), STRN3 (Affinity Capture-MS), ACOX2 (Two-hybrid), STRN3 (Affinity Capture-MS), ACOX2 (Protein-peptide)

ESM2 similar proteins: A4ILL5, A4IT51, A6T0H8, B0CIM5, B2S8A9, B2U7E6, B9JYR4, C0RGH3, C0SPC0, I3VE77, O30372, O62137, O62140, O74935, O86028, O87009, P16332, P22033, P97562, Q1LJV5, Q2YNV6, Q471I2, Q474N8, Q48440, Q4L1M7, Q57160, Q57FQ9, Q59677, Q5L1E2, Q5RFN2, Q5SJP8, Q6F4M8, Q7KML2, Q7MGQ1, Q8DDP0, Q8G340, Q8GMG6, Q8HXX1, Q8MI68, Q8RQQ0

Diamond homologs: O02767, O15254, O62137, O62138, O62139, O62140, O64894, O65201, O65202, O74934, O74935, O74936, P07872, P34355, P97562, Q15067, Q3SZP5, Q54GQ6, Q5RAU0, Q5RC19, Q63448, Q6FY63, Q7KML2, Q8HYL8, Q99424, Q9EPL9, Q9NUZ1, Q9QXD1, Q9R0H0, Q9Z1N0, Q9ZQP2, P0CZ23, Q20992, Q756A9, Q9DBS4, Q9LMI7, P06598, P08790, Q6BRD5, Q8HXX8

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

346 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	1
Uncertain significance	203
Likely benign	103
Benign	16

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (2)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
375219	NM_003500.4(ACOX2):c.207T>A (p.Tyr69Ter)	Pathogenic
4849335	NM_003500.4(ACOX2):c.674G>A (p.Arg225Gln)	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

2445 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
3:58517201:CT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58517202:TCACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58517203:CACCG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58517204:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
3:58517204:ACCG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58517205:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
3:58517422:ACCT:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58517423:CCTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58517424:CTACA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58517425:T:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58522597:TGAGC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58522603:T:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58524422:TTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58524424:A:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58524425:CCTTA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
3:58524601:GGAAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58524602:GAAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58524606:C:CA	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:58524606:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58524613:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58524613:T:TC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58528748:G:C	donor_gain	1.0000
3:58528790:GTAC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58528791:TACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58528792:ACCTC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:58528952:GGTCA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58528953:GTCA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58528954:TCA:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58528955:CA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:58528955:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4440 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
3:58533523:C:G	A169P	0.993
3:58533457:A:G	W191R	0.992
3:58533457:A:T	W191R	0.992
3:58526549:A:C	S421R	0.991
3:58526549:A:T	S421R	0.991
3:58526551:T:G	S421R	0.991
3:58531722:C:G	R225P	0.990
3:58533494:A:C	F178L	0.990
3:58533494:A:T	F178L	0.990
3:58533496:A:G	F178L	0.990
3:58526630:C:A	K394N	0.989
3:58526630:C:G	K394N	0.989
3:58531737:A:G	F220S	0.989
3:58533461:T:A	K189N	0.989
3:58533461:T:G	K189N	0.989
3:58533495:A:G	F178S	0.988
3:58526586:C:G	R409P	0.986
3:58526642:G:C	S390R	0.986
3:58526642:G:T	S390R	0.986
3:58526644:T:G	S390R	0.986
3:58533460:A:G	W190R	0.986
3:58533460:A:T	W190R	0.986
3:58533482:G:C	S182R	0.985
3:58533482:G:T	S182R	0.985
3:58533484:T:G	S182R	0.985
3:58531306:A:G	L255P	0.984
3:58531308:G:C	F254L	0.984
3:58531308:G:T	F254L	0.984
3:58531310:A:G	F254L	0.984
3:58531780:C:G	A206P	0.984

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000114998 (3:58515324 A>G), RS1000619881 (3:58538087 A>T), RS1000629463 (3:58508464 C>A), RS1000711221 (3:58533762 C>T), RS1000763139 (3:58527396 C>T), RS1000813854 (3:58527709 G>A), RS1000968088 (3:58527362 C>G), RS1000976361 (3:58520971 C>A,T), RS1000979043 (3:58533698 C>T), RS1001057957 (3:58533429 G>A,T), RS1001128401 (3:58513904 G>T), RS1001221289 (3:58536908 C>T), RS1001256262 (3:58528277 C>T), RS1001309977 (3:58528614 G>T), RS1001424304 (3:58521638 A>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:601641 | disease phenotypes: MIM:617308

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
congenital bile acid synthesis defect 6	Definitive	Autosomal recessive

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
congenital bile acid synthesis defect 6	Definitive	AR

Mondo (1): congenital bile acid synthesis defect 6 (MONDO:0015015)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003542_43	Night sleep phenotypes	4.000000e-06
GCST005752_36	Systemic lupus erythematosus	6.000000e-06

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

54 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression, increases expression	3
Aflatoxin B1	affects expression, decreases expression	3
Cadmium Chloride	increases abundance, increases expression, decreases expression	3
sodium arsenite	decreases expression	2
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	2
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases expression	2
Nickel	decreases expression	2
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	2
3,19-(2-bromobenzylidene)andrographolide	decreases response to substance, decreases expression	1
bisphenol F	increases expression	1
ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate	increases expression	1
fluorene-9-bisphenol	increases expression	1
lasiocarpine	decreases expression	1
methyleugenol	decreases expression	1
pirinixic acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
chlortoluron	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	decreases expression	1
nickel sulfate	increases expression	1
propiconazole	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid	decreases expression	1
fludioxonil	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
difenoconazole	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
GW 4064	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
GW 7647	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	1
obeticholic acid	increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)-6-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-4-morpholin-4-ylthieno(3,2-d)pyrimidine	decreases expression, increases response to substance	1
bisphenol S	increases expression	1
3-hydroxy-4-prenyl-5-methoxystilbene-2-carboxylic acid	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.