ADGRG5

gene
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Also known as PGR27

Summary

ADGRG5 (adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G5, HGNC:19010) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 16q21, encoding Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G5 (Q8IZF4). Orphan adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (aGPCR).

This gene encodes a member of the adhesion family of G-protein coupled receptors. Members of this family are characterized by long N-termini and multiple functional domains. They may play a role in the immune system as well as in the central nervous system. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 221188 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 6
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 112 total
  • Druggable target: yes
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_001304376

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:19010
Approved symbolADGRG5
Nameadhesion G protein-coupled receptor G5
Location16q21
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesPGR27
Ensembl geneENSG00000159618
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM616965
Entrez221188

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 8 — 4 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 retained_intron

ENST00000340339, ENST00000349457, ENST00000394361, ENST00000564607, ENST00000564983, ENST00000569839, ENST00000615867, ENST00000897109

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_001304376 NM_001304376, NM_001318481, NM_153837

CCDS: CCDS10785

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000349457 — 12 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000026036805757543857577189
ENSE000026157445754264357542701
ENSE000034930655756238457562459
ENSE000035065515756309157563247
ENSE000035312905756659957566751
ENSE000035708355756503457565150
ENSE000036036085756747057567591
ENSE000036170225756384857563979
ENSE000036234535756785657568124
ENSE000036799965756205657562157
ENSE000036803295757481557575092
ENSE000036934585757041857570535

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 152 present calls, max score 92.24.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 3.1848 / max 253.7774, expressed in 261 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
1543792.9651253
1543800.219788

Top tissues by expression

239 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
granulocyteCL:000009492.24gold quality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002979.44gold quality
bloodUBERON:000017879.36gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testisCL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:000047378.74gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000678.19gold quality
spleenUBERON:000210677.90gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209277.46gold quality
vermiform appendixUBERON:000115476.13gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynxUBERON:000195171.35silver quality
leukocyteCL:000073871.11gold quality
tonsilUBERON:000237270.53gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonadCL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:000099169.63gold quality
monocyteCL:000057669.56gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499169.40gold quality
duodenumUBERON:000211469.32gold quality
gall bladderUBERON:000211069.31gold quality
caecumUBERON:000115368.43gold quality
jejunal mucosaUBERON:000039967.41silver quality
palpebral conjunctivaUBERON:000181267.31gold quality
adult mammalian kidneyUBERON:000008267.29gold quality
body of stomachUBERON:000116167.22gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patchUBERON:000345466.35gold quality
small intestineUBERON:000210866.16gold quality
pancreasUBERON:000126466.09gold quality
stomachUBERON:000094565.84gold quality
bone marrowUBERON:000237165.67gold quality
rectumUBERON:000105264.33gold quality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233663.01gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039761.56gold quality
fundus of stomachUBERON:000116061.41gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 3.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-MTAB-9067yes12.95
E-ENAD-27yes8.52
E-ANND-3yes7.70

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

43 targeting ADGRG5, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P100.0069.331837
HSA-MIR-426799.9666.532368
HSA-MIR-76599.8468.242442
HSA-MIR-3663-3P99.8470.39798
HSA-MIR-11181-3P99.7566.382205
HSA-MIR-10393-5P99.6568.011368
HSA-MIR-1260A99.6166.671098
HSA-MIR-1260B99.6166.671098
HSA-MIR-445299.5068.451493
HSA-MIR-444199.4966.563216
HSA-MIR-4677-3P99.4967.911246
HSA-MIR-766-5P99.4767.912225
HSA-MIR-32-3P99.3668.202517
HSA-MIR-6878-3P99.2464.23920
HSA-MIR-6744-3P99.2264.41972
HSA-MIR-6791-5P99.1665.921844
HSA-MIR-4757-5P99.1264.51981
HSA-MIR-425499.1165.151315
HSA-MIR-485-5P99.1064.781889
HSA-MIR-6884-5P99.1064.501987
HSA-MIR-66199.0965.942062
HSA-MIR-447899.0765.162320
HSA-MIR-427099.0266.261987
HSA-MIR-1207-3P98.9966.221532
HSA-MIR-939-3P98.9765.072347
HSA-MIR-429798.7766.952013
HSA-MIR-548Q98.7165.35563
HSA-MIR-7155-5P98.6566.141290
HSA-MIR-6754-5P98.6065.541627
HSA-MIR-4726-3P98.4963.891385

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
mus_musculusAdgrg5ENSMUSG00000061577
rattus_norvegicusAdgrg5ENSRNOG00000039891

Paralogs (42): CALCR (ENSG00000004948), GIPR (ENSG00000010310), ADGRA2 (ENSG00000020181), CALCRL (ENSG00000064989), GLP2R (ENSG00000065325), ADGRF5 (ENSG00000069122), ADGRL1 (ENSG00000072071), ADCYAP1R1 (ENSG00000078549), SCTR (ENSG00000080293), VIPR2 (ENSG00000106018), CRHR2 (ENSG00000106113), GHRHR (ENSG00000106128), ADGRD1 (ENSG00000111452), GLP1R (ENSG00000112164), ADGRG6 (ENSG00000112414), VIPR1 (ENSG00000114812), ADGRL2 (ENSG00000117114), CRHR1 (ENSG00000120088), ADGRB2 (ENSG00000121753), ADGRE5 (ENSG00000123146), ADGRE2 (ENSG00000127507), ADGRE3 (ENSG00000131355), ADGRB3 (ENSG00000135298), PTH2R (ENSG00000144407), ADGRG7 (ENSG00000144820), ADGRL3 (ENSG00000150471), ADGRA3 (ENSG00000152990), ADGRF1 (ENSG00000153292), ADGRF4 (ENSG00000153294), ADGRG4 (ENSG00000156920), PTH1R (ENSG00000160801), ADGRL4 (ENSG00000162618), EVA1C (ENSG00000166979), ADGRF3 (ENSG00000173567), ADGRG2 (ENSG00000173698), ADGRE1 (ENSG00000174837), ADGRD2 (ENSG00000180264), ADGRB1 (ENSG00000181790), ADGRG3 (ENSG00000182885), ADGRA1 (ENSG00000197177)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G5Q8IZF4 (reviewed: Q8IZF4)

Alternative names: G-protein coupled receptor 114, G-protein coupled receptor PGR27

All UniProt accessions (2): Q8IZF4, A0A087WZA0

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Orphan adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (aGPCR). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of downstream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. ADGRG5 is specifically coupled to G(s) G proteins and mediates activation of adenylate cyclase activity.

Subunit / interactions. Heterodimer of 2 chains generated by proteolytic processing; the large extracellular N-terminal fragment and the membrane-bound C-terminal fragment predominantly remain associated and non-covalently linked.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in immune cells. Primarily found in granulocytes. Found in eosinophils.

Post-translational modifications. Autoproteolytically processed at the GPS region of the GAIN-B domain; this cleavage modulates receptor activity. N-glycsylated.

Activity regulation. Forms a heterodimer of 2 chains generated by proteolytic processing that remain associated through non-covalent interactions mediated by the GAIN-B domain. In the inactivated receptor, the Stachel sequence (also named stalk) is embedded in the GAIN-B domain, where it adopts a beta-strand conformation. On activation, the Stachel moves into the 7 transmembrane region and adopts a twisted hook-shaped configuration that forms contacts within the receptor, leading to coupling of a G-alpha protein, which activates signaling. The cleaved GAIN-B and N-terminal domains can then dissociate from the rest of the receptor.

Domain organisation. The Stachel sequence (also named stalk) in the C-terminal part of the extracellular domain (ECD) functions as a tethered agonist. In the inactivated receptor, the Stachel sequence (also named stalk) is embedded in the GAIN-B domain, where it adopts a beta-strand conformation. On activation, the Stachel moves into the 7 transmembrane region and adopts a twisted hook-shaped configuration that forms contacts within the receptor, leading to coupling of a G-alpha protein, which activates signaling.

Similarity. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001291305, NP_001305410, NP_722579 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR000203GPSConserved_site
IPR000832GPCR_2_secretin-likeFamily
IPR003910GPR1/GPR3/GPR5Family
IPR017981GPCR_2-like_7TMDomain
IPR046338GAIN_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR057244GAIN_BDomain

Pfam: PF00002, PF01825

UniProt features (56 total): helix 13, topological domain 8, glycosylation site 8, transmembrane region 7, chain 3, disulfide bond 3, sequence conflict 3, turn 3, region of interest 2, mutagenesis site 2, signal peptide 1, domain 1, site 1, strand 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
7EQ1ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.3

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q8IZF4-F182.510.42

Antibody-complex structures (SAbDab): 17EQ1

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Catalytic / active sites (1): 226–227 (cleavage; by autolysis)

Disulfide bonds (3): 189–221, 209–223, 314–404

Glycosylation sites (8): 58, 65, 146, 147, 173, 179, 394, 400

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (2):

PositionPhenotype
225abolished autoproteolytically processing.
230impaired g protein-coupled receptor activity.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 101 (showing top): GOBP_ADENYLATE_CYCLASE_MODULATING_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, chr16q21, GOBP_ADENYLATE_CYCLASE_ACTIVATING_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, ROYLANCE_BREAST_CANCER_16Q_COPY_NUMBER_UP, GOMF_TRANSMEMBRANE_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, GSE13762_CTRL_VS_125_VITAMIND_DAY12_DC_DN, GOMF_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_ACTIVITY, LI_INDUCED_T_TO_NATURAL_KILLER_UP, MARTENS_BOUND_BY_PML_RARA_FUSION, WIERENGA_STAT5A_TARGETS_UP, WIERENGA_STAT5A_TARGETS_GROUP1, GOBP_G_PROTEIN_COUPLED_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, BAKKER_FOXO3_TARGETS_DN, DELACROIX_RAR_BOUND_ES, GSE14699_NAIVE_VS_ACT_CD8_TCELL_DN

GO Biological Process (4): cell surface receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007166), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186), adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007189), signal transduction (GO:0007165)

GO Molecular Function (2): G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930), transmembrane signaling receptor activity (GO:0004888)

GO Cellular Component (2): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
signal transduction2
G protein-coupled receptor activity1
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway1
adenylate cyclase activator activity1
cell communication1
cellular process1
signaling1
regulation of cellular process1
cellular response to stimulus1
transmembrane signaling receptor activity1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway1
signaling receptor activity1
membrane1
cell periphery1
cellular anatomical structure1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

630 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
ADGRG5ADGRA1Q86SQ6639
ADGRG5ADGRA3Q8IWK6580
ADGRG5ADGRD1Q6QNK2488
ADGRG5RELL1Q8IUW5380
ADGRG5ADGRG3Q86Y34378
ADGRG5ADGRF1Q5T601378
ADGRG5GPR174Q9BXC1371
ADGRG5ADGRF2PQ8IZF7367
ADGRG5ADGRG4Q8IZF6339
ADGRG5ADGRV1Q8WXG9333
ADGRG5ADGRF4Q8IZF3332
ADGRG5AMDHD1Q96NU7317
ADGRG5ADGRG7Q96K78314
ADGRG5ADGRL1O94910313
ADGRG5SPINK14Q6IE38305

IntAct

11 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
ADGRG5KLRG2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
ADGRG5SRPK2psi-mi:“MI:0217”(phosphorylation reaction)0.440
ADGRG5RAMP1psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
ADGRG5RAMP2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
RAMP3ADGRG5psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
ADGRG5RAMP3psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
ADGRG5SLC33A1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350

BioGRID (152): LPPR3 (Affinity Capture-MS), TSPAN10 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMEM68 (Affinity Capture-MS), SEC11C (Affinity Capture-MS), GJC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), FZD3 (Affinity Capture-MS), SLC6A6 (Affinity Capture-MS), EPHB3 (Affinity Capture-MS), FZD2 (Affinity Capture-MS), REEP6 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMX4 (Affinity Capture-MS), GPM6B (Affinity Capture-MS), GJA1 (Affinity Capture-MS), BMPR1A (Affinity Capture-MS), GRAMD1B (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: C3VPR6, G1T469, G1T7E7, G1TR84, O00590, O08707, O09027, O14843, O15529, P11609, P11610, P15151, P20701, P20702, P32506, P38570, P46094, P97583, Q13349, Q2Q421, Q2Q426, Q3V0T4, Q3V3Z3, Q50DM5, Q50DM6, Q50DM7, Q50DM8, Q5Y4N8, Q61549, Q6E804, Q6ZSA7, Q7RTX1, Q80T32, Q86Y34, Q8BYC4, Q8IZF4, Q8K209, Q8K3V3, Q8R0T6, Q91ZV8

Diamond homologs: B7ZCC9, C6KFA3, G5ECX0, G5EDW2, O88917, O94910, O97817, O97827, O97831, Q2Q421, Q2Q426, Q3V3Z3, Q50DM5, Q50DM6, Q50DM7, Q50DM8, Q6F3F9, Q6QNK2, Q7SY09, Q80TR1, Q80TS3, Q86SQ3, Q86SQ4, Q86Y34, Q8CJ11, Q8CJ12, Q8IZF4, Q8IZF6, Q8IZP9, Q8JZZ7, Q8K209, Q8SQA4, Q923X1, Q9BY15, Q9ESC1, Q9HAR2, Q9HBW9, Q9HCU4, Q9QYP2, Q9R0M0

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

112 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance87
Likely benign8
Benign2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1869 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
16:57562158:G:GCdonor_loss1.0000
16:57562159:T:Adonor_loss1.0000
16:57563844:GCAG:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
16:57563846:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
16:57563846:AG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
16:57563847:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
16:57563847:GG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
16:57563847:GGCA:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
16:57563976:CAAGG:Cdonor_loss1.0000
16:57563978:AG:Adonor_gain1.0000
16:57563979:GG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
16:57563980:G:GGdonor_gain1.0000
16:57563980:GTCA:Gdonor_loss1.0000
16:57565146:GCCTG:Gdonor_gain1.0000
16:57542697:CTCAG:Cdonor_loss0.9900
16:57542698:TCAG:Tdonor_loss0.9900
16:57542699:CAGG:Cdonor_loss0.9900
16:57542700:AGGT:Adonor_loss0.9900
16:57542701:GG:Gdonor_loss0.9900
16:57542702:G:GAdonor_loss0.9900
16:57542703:T:Gdonor_loss0.9900
16:57562050:TTTCA:Tacceptor_loss0.9900
16:57562051:TTCAG:Tacceptor_loss0.9900
16:57562052:TCAG:Tacceptor_loss0.9900
16:57562054:A:AGacceptor_gain0.9900
16:57562054:A:Cacceptor_loss0.9900
16:57562054:AG:Aacceptor_gain0.9900
16:57562055:G:GGacceptor_gain0.9900
16:57562055:G:GTacceptor_loss0.9900
16:57562055:GG:Gacceptor_gain0.9900

AlphaMissense

3422 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
16:57566623:T:CF191L0.995
16:57566625:C:AF191L0.995
16:57566625:C:GF191L0.995
16:57566664:G:CW204C0.995
16:57566664:G:TW204C0.995
16:57566737:T:CF229L0.995
16:57566739:T:AF229L0.995
16:57566739:T:GF229L0.995
16:57563888:T:CF113S0.992
16:57563888:T:GF113C0.991
16:57566628:G:CW192C0.991
16:57566628:G:TW192C0.991
16:57566738:T:GF229C0.991
16:57566662:T:AW204R0.989
16:57566662:T:CW204R0.989
16:57566618:G:AC189Y0.988
16:57566713:T:AC221S0.987
16:57566714:G:CC221S0.987
16:57563942:T:CL131P0.986
16:57566619:T:GC189W0.985
16:57566677:T:AC209S0.985
16:57566678:G:CC209S0.985
16:57566617:T:CC189R0.983
16:57566618:G:TC189F0.983
16:57563200:T:CF84L0.982
16:57563202:C:AF84L0.982
16:57563202:C:GF84L0.982
16:57566617:T:AC189S0.982
16:57566618:G:CC189S0.982
16:57566738:T:CF229S0.980

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000082475 (16:57545130 T>A), RS1000134873 (16:57544878 C>A), RS1000301749 (16:57557434 T>C), RS1000508089 (16:57564175 T>C), RS1000596782 (16:57551526 G>A), RS1000604063 (16:57570835 C>T), RS1000678885 (16:57529776 A>G), RS1000781336 (16:57535483 T>G), RS1000789890 (16:57575982 C>T), RS1001094172 (16:57546319 T>C), RS1001128871 (16:57529574 C>T), RS1001222119 (16:57575690 G>A), RS1001263544 (16:57544553 G>T), RS1001397821 (16:57540344 T>C), RS1001421050 (16:57550821 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:616965 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

6 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST009066_28Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (Y chromosome dosage)1.000000e-09
GCST009067_22Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (Y chromosome dosage)1.000000e-11
GCST90002390_88Mean corpuscular hemoglobin8.000000e-12
GCST90002392_504Mean corpuscular volume7.000000e-11
GCST90002396_587Mean reticulocyte volume1.000000e-10
GCST90002400_179Plateletcrit3.000000e-11

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0007783mosaic loss of chromosome Y measurement
EFO:0004527mean corpuscular hemoglobin
EFO:0010701mean reticulocyte volume
EFO:0007985platelet crit

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4523890 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: gpcr — Adhesion Class GPCRs

CTD chemical–gene interactions

13 total (human), top 13 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyreneaffects methylation, increases methylation, increases mutagenesis2
Valproic Acidaffects expression, increases expression2
GSK-J4decreases expression1
aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)decreases expression1
methylmercuric chlorideincreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
ICG 001increases expression1
(+)-JQ1 compounddecreases expression1
Hydrogen Peroxideincreases expression1
Tretinoinincreases expression1
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Aciddecreases expression1
Aflatoxin B1increases methylation1

ChEMBL screening assays

2 unique, capped per target: 2 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL4883398BindingPRESTO-Tango GPCRome screening (GPR114)Data for DCP probe UCSF924

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.