AGT

Summary

AGT (angiotensinogen, HGNC:333) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1q42.2, encoding Angiotensinogen (P01019). Essential component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a potent regulator of blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.

The protein encoded by this gene, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. The resulting product, angiotensin I, is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to generate the physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II. The protein is involved in maintaining blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in this gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Source: NCBI Gene 183 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): renal tubular dysgenesis of genetic origin (Strong, GenCC)
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 285 total — 8 pathogenic, 9 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 11
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001384479

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:333
Approved symbol	AGT
Name	angiotensinogen
Location	1q42.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000135744
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	106150
Entrez	183

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 7 protein_coding, 3 retained_intron, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000366667, ENST00000657140, ENST00000679684, ENST00000679738, ENST00000679802, ENST00000679854, ENST00000679957, ENST00000680041, ENST00000680783, ENST00000681269, ENST00000681347, ENST00000681514, ENST00000681772

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001384479 NM_001382817, NM_001384479

CCDS: CCDS1585

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000366667 — 5 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000921429	230705933	230706200
ENSE00000921430	230704193	230704337
ENSE00001442279	230709995	230710853
ENSE00001442280	230714086	230714122
ENSE00001920401	230702523	230703329

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 255 present calls, max score 99.61.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 43.5888 / max 13272.5153, expressed in 601 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
17948	43.4488	599
17947	0.0702	29
17946	0.0588	20
17950	0.0110	4

Top tissues by expression

288 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	99.61	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	99.61	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	99.52	gold quality
dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve	UBERON:0002870	98.93	gold quality
superior vestibular nucleus	UBERON:0007227	98.86	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	98.83	gold quality
paraflocculus	UBERON:0005351	98.81	gold quality
medulla oblongata	UBERON:0001896	98.74	gold quality
inferior olivary complex	UBERON:0002127	98.71	gold quality
ventral tegmental area	UBERON:0002691	98.65	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	98.54	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	98.54	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	98.45	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	98.29	gold quality
subthalamic nucleus	UBERON:0001906	98.26	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	98.20	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	98.18	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	98.14	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	98.13	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	98.12	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	98.11	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	98.11	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	97.97	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	97.89	gold quality
globus pallidus	UBERON:0001875	97.88	gold quality
CA1 field of hippocampus	UBERON:0003881	97.82	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	97.80	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	97.76	gold quality
middle frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002702	97.66	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	97.63	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 8 experiment(s), a significant marker in 7.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-98	yes	3149.26
E-MTAB-7407	yes	2615.26
E-HCAD-9	yes	61.35
E-HCAD-25	yes	25.91
E-MTAB-10553	yes	25.85
E-GEOD-84465	yes	14.61
E-MTAB-6142	no	3.56
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

42 targeting AGT, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4262	100.00	73.26	3931
HSA-MIR-181A-5P	99.99	72.96	2995
HSA-MIR-181B-5P	99.99	72.97	2996
HSA-MIR-181C-5P	99.99	72.95	2996
HSA-MIR-181D-5P	99.99	73.04	2997
HSA-MIR-548AW	99.99	72.57	3559
HSA-MIR-513B-5P	99.99	69.96	2150
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-4267	99.96	66.53	2368
HSA-MIR-548AJ-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-548X-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-548J-3P	99.94	72.61	4881
HSA-MIR-548AE-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-548AQ-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-548AH-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AM-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-6842-5P	99.80	67.54	1587
HSA-MIR-7110-5P	99.80	67.84	1712
HSA-MIR-4677-5P	99.70	70.09	1940
HSA-MIR-7156-5P	99.64	68.81	1369
HSA-MIR-4273	99.45	67.93	1206
HSA-MIR-520F-5P	99.34	70.40	1632
HSA-MIR-6739-3P	99.22	68.84	1843
HSA-MIR-10399-5P	99.17	69.87	2610
HSA-MIR-6504-3P	99.17	69.31	2891
HSA-MIR-548AS-3P	99.12	69.12	2294
HSA-MIR-3688-5P	99.12	69.67	1091
HSA-MIR-3117-5P	99.04	67.93	618

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• single nucleotide polymorphism and haplotype structure in two populations, Japanese and white (PMID:11731937)
• data fall short of showing significant association between a variant of the promoter of interleukin-1beta, polymorphism of angiotensinogen, and the missense variant of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and occurrence of idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (PMID:11756575)
• Polymorphisms of genes encoding angiotensinogen as risk factors for orthostatic hypotension. (PMID:11910300)
• angiotensinogen T174M and M235T and the AT1-receptor A1166C polymorphisms were related to the change in LVH during antihypertensive treatment with an AT1-receptor antagonist (PMID:11910301)
• IL-6-inducible expression of the hAGT promoter is mediated by physical association of the COOH terminus of STAT3 with p300/CBP, the recruitment of which targets histone acetylation and results in chromatin remodeling. (PMID:11923478)
• neuronal AGT may play an important role in regulating salt intake and salt appetite. (PMID:12006677)
• autocrine/paracrine mechanism whereby angiotensin II, formed at adrenergic nerve endings in myocardial ischemia, elicits carrier-mediated norepinephrine release by activating adjacent AT(1) receptors (PMID:12130713)
• polymorphism in angiogensinogen is associated with hypertension in African Americans (PMID:12145290)
• T174M polymorphism associated with higher risk of essential hypertension in people aged over 45 (PMID:12173461)
• determine whether the M235T angiotensinogen (AGT) polymorphism, either interacting with habitual physical activity (PA) levels or independently, was associated with cardiovascular (CV) hemodynamics during maximal and submaximal exercise (PMID:12181363)
• role of the M235T polymorphism in the AGT gene in modifying the blood pressure response to regular exercise (PMID:12181364)
• relationship to intragraft messenger RNA expression of angiotensinogen and to chronic allograft nephropathy in kidney transplant patients (PMID:12352892)
• study shows that the M235T variant in the gene encoding angiotensinogen could be a risk factor in mild and severe pre-eclampsia (PMID:12417054)
• Review. Angiotensin exerts mitogenic and growth promoting effects on cardiac myocytes and non-myocytic elements; and both of these effects significantly contribute to the development and progression of hypertensive heart disease. (PMID:12431442)
• Increased plasma Ang-(1-7) in normal pregnant subjects compared with nonpregnant subjects and decreased Ang-(1-7) in preeclamptic subjects compared with normal pregnant subjects, consistent with the development of hypertension (PMID:12450315)
• No association was noted between the haplotypes of AGT gene and hypertension in tested people, but T235 allele might play an important role in increased risk for essential hypertension. (PMID:12476421)
• No statistically significant differences between groups were found in the allele frequency and genotype distribution for ACE and AGT polymorphisms. (PMID:12476891)
• The M235T polymorphism of the AGT gene is associated with MVPS in the Chinese population of Taiwan. The association of the TT genotype with MVPS is more noteworthy than an overall increase in the frequency of the T allele at the M235T locus. (PMID:12479284)
• results suggest elevated glucose levels stimulate AII production via mechanisms dependent on glucose-induced PKC activation in mesangial cells and locally produced AII partly mediates the increase in mesangial matrix synthesis in high-glucose conditions (PMID:12482638)
• Angiotensinogen gene haplotypes are associated with hypertension and might act synergistically with I allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene. (PMID:12511523)
• Angiotensinogen 235T polymorphism is associated with blood pressure phenotypes. (PMID:12511525)
• The M235T variant of the angiotensinogen gene and the body mass index are useful markers for prevention of hypertension in pregnancy: a tree-based analysis of gene-environment interaction (PMID:12536339)
• leukocyte level strongly correlates with steady-state of plasma glucose concentration and significantly correlates with body mass index, plasma insulin, and leptin levels in essential hypertension; may be directly associated with insulin resistance (PMID:12559679)
• in hypertensive subjects with activated renin-angiotensin system, unopposed activity of angiotensin II is not involved in L-NAME-induced pressor and renal vasoconstrictor response (PMID:12569265)
• Maternal and fetal angiotensinogen Thr235 genotypes are associated with an increased risk of intra-uterine growth retardation. (PMID:12576245)
• Polymorphism in essential arterial hypertension in childhood. (PMID:12597535)
• lack of a significant effect of AGT M235T polymorphism on blood pressure level, but the difference in pulse pressure in the older population suggests that further investigations of this polymorphism should be made in the Japanese population. (PMID:12661912)
• Ang II increased cytosolic Ca2+ release from Ca stores, enhanced calcineurin synthesis & activity, & stimulated NF-kappaB DNA-binding in cultured human neutrophils, demonstrating for the 1st time a stimulatory role of Ang II in phagocytic cell activation. (PMID:12663441)
• study indicates that the alteration in nephrin expression is an early event in proteinuric patients with diabetes and suggests that glycated albumin and angiotensin II contribute to nephrin downregulation (PMID:12663475)
• Polymorphism of the promoter region of the angiotensinogen gene (ATG) and an angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism were studied in Kazakhs with hypertension and cardiovascular disease (PMID:12669427)
• findings suggest that obstructive sleep apnea mediates hypertension, at least in part, via a stimulation of angiotensin II production (PMID:12670743)
• Polymorphism of the AGT M235T gene but not ACE I/D gene is associated with greater left ventricular mass index and relative wall thickness, indicating more concentric LVH, in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients. (PMID:12675870)
• Polymorphism is associated with diabetic retinopathy in NIDDM in Chinese patients. (PMID:12716844)
• Relationship of angiotensinogen single nucleotide polymorphisms with elevated blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular disease. (PMID:12743009)
• results indicate that the change of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from contractile to synthetic phenotype sequentially increases expression of proteases, production of Ang II, and productions of growth factors, culminating in VSMC proliferation (PMID:12811821)
• Results suggest that connective tissue growth factor mediates angiotensin II-induced fibrosis in the heart and kidneys via blood pressure and calcineurin-dependent pathways. (PMID:12819040)
• In normal subjects the expression of local renin and angiotensinogen mRNA was organ specific, but with increase of the expression locally, the organ-specificity became lost in cirrhotic patients (PMID:12854169)
• angiotensin II may act on the pre-existing pancreatic arteries around neoplasms, leading to formation of hypovascular or avascular regions (PMID:12888892)
• M235T and A(-20)C genotype of angiotensinogen can influence therapeutic efficacy of renin-angiotensin system blockade on renal survival in IgA nephropathy. (PMID:12911556)
• Alcohol drinking might be specifically associated with the HNBP in M allele carriers of angiotensinogen gene T174M polymorphism. (PMID:12939534)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	agt	ENSDARG00000016412
mus_musculus	Agt	ENSMUSG00000031980
rattus_norvegicus	Agt	ENSRNOG00000018445

Paralogs (36): SERPINB1 (ENSG00000021355), SERPINB3 (ENSG00000057149), SERPIND1 (ENSG00000099937), SERPINA4 (ENSG00000100665), SERPINE1 (ENSG00000106366), SERPINI2 (ENSG00000114204), SERPINC1 (ENSG00000117601), SERPINA7 (ENSG00000123561), SERPINB6 (ENSG00000124570), SERPINF1 (ENSG00000132386), SERPINE2 (ENSG00000135919), SERPINA10 (ENSG00000140093), SERPING1 (ENSG00000149131), SERPINH1 (ENSG00000149257), SERPINI1 (ENSG00000163536), SERPINA12 (ENSG00000165953), SERPINB7 (ENSG00000166396), SERPINB8 (ENSG00000166401), SERPINB12 (ENSG00000166634), SERPINF2 (ENSG00000167711), SERPINA9 (ENSG00000170054), SERPINA6 (ENSG00000170099), SERPINB9 (ENSG00000170542), SERPINA11 (ENSG00000186910), SERPINA5 (ENSG00000188488), SERPINA3 (ENSG00000196136), SERPINA1 (ENSG00000197249), SERPINB2 (ENSG00000197632), SERPINB13 (ENSG00000197641), SERPINB11 (ENSG00000206072), SERPINB4 (ENSG00000206073), SERPINB5 (ENSG00000206075), HMSD (ENSG00000221887), SERPINB10 (ENSG00000242550), SERPINE3 (ENSG00000253309), SERPINA2 (ENSG00000258597)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Angiotensinogen — P01019 (reviewed: P01019)

Alternative names: Serpin A8

All UniProt accessions (7): A0A7P0T8D1, A0A7P0T9S6, A0A7P0TA52, A0A7P0TAP4, A0A7P0TBH1, A0A7P0Z441, P01019

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Essential component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a potent regulator of blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone. Acts by binding to angiotensin receptors AGTR1 and AGTR2. Also binds the DEAR/FBXW7-AS1 receptor. Stimulates aldosterone release. Is a ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor MAS1. Has vasodilator and antidiuretic effects. Has an antithrombotic effect that involves MAS1-mediated release of nitric oxide from platelets.

Subunit / interactions. During pregnancy, exists as a disulfide-linked 2:2 heterotetramer with the proform of PRG2 and as a complex (probably a 2:2:2 heterohexamer) with pro-PRG2 and C3dg.

Subcellular location. Secreted.

Tissue specificity. Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma.

Post-translational modifications. Beta-decarboxylation of Asp-25 in angiotensin-2, by mononuclear leukocytes produces alanine. The resulting peptide form, angiotensin-A, has the same affinity for the AT1 receptor as angiotensin-2, but a higher affinity for the AT2 receptor. In response to low blood pressure, the enzyme renin/REN cleaves angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin-1. Angiotensin-1 is a substrate of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) that removes a dipeptide to yield the physiologically active peptide angiotensin-2. Angiotensin-1 and angiotensin-2 can be further processed to generate angiotensin-3, angiotensin-4. Angiotensin 1-9 is cleaved from angiotensin-1 by ACE2 and can be further processed by ACE to produce angiotensin 1-7, angiotensin 1-5 and angiotensin 1-4. Angiotensin 1-7 has also been proposed to be cleaved from angiotensin-2 by ACE2 or from angiotensin-1 by MME (neprilysin). The disulfide bond is labile. Angiotensinogen is present in the circulation in a near 40:60 ratio with the oxidized disulfide-bonded form, which preferentially interacts with receptor-bound renin.

Disease relevance. Essential hypertension (EHT) [MIM:145500] A condition in which blood pressure is consistently higher than normal with no identifiable cause. Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) [MIM:267430] Autosomal recessive severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by persistent fetal anuria and perinatal death, probably due to pulmonary hypoplasia from early-onset oligohydramnios (the Potter phenotype). The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Similarity. Belongs to the serpin family.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001369746, NP_001371408* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000215	Serpin_fam	Family
IPR000227	Angiotensinogen	Family
IPR023795	Serpin_CS	Conserved_site
IPR023796	Serpin_dom	Domain
IPR033834	Angiotensinogen_serpin_dom	Domain
IPR036186	Serpin_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR042178	Serpin_sf_1	Homologous_superfamily
IPR042185	Serpin_sf_2	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00079

UniProt features (76 total): strand 22, helix 14, sequence variant 13, peptide 8, turn 8, glycosylation site 4, sequence conflict 3, signal peptide 1, chain 1, modified residue 1, disulfide bond 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

22 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
5NJ9	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.25
5NJA	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.4
3WOO	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
4AA1	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.99
4APH	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.99
4FYS	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.01
3WOR	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.1
5M3Y	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.3
5E2Q	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.4
6I3F	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.55
5M3X	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.63
6OS0	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.9
6I3I	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.97
3CK0	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3
5XJM	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.2
6JOD	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.2
2WXW	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.3
7C6A	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.4
2X0B	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	4.33
1N9U	SOLUTION NMR
1N9V	SOLUTION NMR
2JP8	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P01019-F1	86.74	0.68

Antibody-complex structures (SAbDab): 5 — 3CK0, 5XJM, 6JOD, 6OS0, 7C6A

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 25

Disulfide bonds (1): 42–162

Glycosylation sites (4): 38, 161, 295, 319

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

15 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-1989781	PPARA activates gene expression
R-HSA-2022377	Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins
R-HSA-375276	Peptide ligand-binding receptors
R-HSA-416476	G alpha (q) signalling events
R-HSA-418594	G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction
R-HSA-2980736	Peptide hormone metabolism
R-HSA-372790	Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-373076	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
R-HSA-388396	GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-392499	Metabolism of proteins
R-HSA-400206	Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha
R-HSA-500792	GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-556833	Metabolism of lipids

MSigDB gene sets: 502 (showing top): GOBP_MORPHOGENESIS_OF_AN_EPITHELIUM, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_MAP_KINASE_ACTIVITY, GOBP_EXCRETION, MODULE_52, MODULE_92, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_NITROGEN_COMPOUND, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_TRANSMEMBRANE_TRANSPORT, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_GROWTH_FACTOR_STIMULUS, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_BLOOD_PRESSURE, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_MORPHOGENESIS_OF_A_BRANCHING_STRUCTURE, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_ERBB_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_SODIUM_ION_TRANSPORT, GOBP_CIRCULATORY_SYSTEM_PROCESS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PHOSPHORYLATION

GO Biological Process (49): regulation of cell growth (GO:0001558), positive regulation of cytokine production (GO:0001819), kidney development (GO:0001822), blood vessel remodeling (GO:0001974), regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin (GO:0002016), renin-angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production (GO:0002018), regulation of renal output by angiotensin (GO:0002019), maintenance of blood vessel diameter homeostasis by renin-angiotensin (GO:0002034), renal system process (GO:0003014), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway coupled to cGMP nucleotide second messenger (GO:0007199), phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007200), cell-cell signaling (GO:0007267), regulation of blood pressure (GO:0008217), positive regulation of endothelial cell migration (GO:0010595), positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy (GO:0010613), positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0010718), positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation (GO:0010744), response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation (GO:0014873), regulation of vasoconstriction (GO:0019229), low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling (GO:0034374), regulation of renal sodium excretion (GO:0035813), nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated signaling (GO:0038060), angiotensin-activated signaling pathway (GO:0038166), regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0042127), vasoconstriction (GO:0042310), regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0042981), negative regulation of MAP kinase activity (GO:0043407), positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0045742), positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893), positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation (GO:0048146), positive regulation of inflammatory response (GO:0050729), negative regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway (GO:0051387), positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (GO:0051897), positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis (GO:0090190), positive regulation of cholesterol metabolic process (GO:0090205), regulation of extracellular matrix assembly (GO:1901201), positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly (GO:1901203), positive regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902895), positive regulation of gap junction assembly (GO:1903598)

GO Molecular Function (6): serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity (GO:0004867), hormone activity (GO:0005179), growth factor activity (GO:0008083), type 1 angiotensin receptor binding (GO:0031702), type 2 angiotensin receptor binding (GO:0031703), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (5): extracellular region (GO:0005576), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), extracellular matrix (GO:0031012), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), blood microparticle (GO:0072562)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-10 pathways:

Category	Pathways
GPCR downstream signalling	2
Signaling by GPCR	2
Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha	1
Peptide hormone metabolism	1
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	1
Metabolism of proteins	1
Signal Transduction	1
GPCR ligand binding	1
Metabolism of lipids	1
Metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
positive regulation of multicellular organismal process	2
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin	2
regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin	2
blood vessel diameter maintenance	2
positive regulation of cell differentiation	2
receptor ligand activity	2
angiotensin receptor binding	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
cell growth	1
regulation of growth	1
regulation of cellular component organization	1
cytokine production	1
regulation of cytokine production	1
positive regulation of gene expression	1
animal organ development	1
renal system development	1
tissue remodeling	1
renal system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure	1
aldosterone secretion	1
regulation of aldosterone secretion	1
system process	1
G protein-coupled receptor activity	1
signal transduction	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	1
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	1
phospholipase C activator activity	1
cell communication	1
signaling	1
blood circulation	1
regulation of biological quality	1
regulation of endothelial cell migration	1
positive regulation of cell migration	1
endothelial cell migration	1
cardiac muscle hypertrophy	1
regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy	1
positive regulation of muscle hypertrophy	1
epithelial to mesenchymal transition	1
regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	1
macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	1
regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

4988 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
AGT	AGTR1	P30556	999
AGT	AGTR2	P50052	999
AGT	TAC1	P20366	993
AGT	ACE	P12821	990
AGT	REN	P00797	989
AGT	ACE2	Q9BYF1	989
AGT	KNG1	P01042	987
AGT	GRP	P07491	984
AGT	SLC3A1	Q07837	961
AGT	NPPA	P01160	948
AGT	NR3C2	P08235	946
AGT	GNAQ	P50148	929
AGT	EDN1	P05305	926
AGT	ATP6AP2	O75787	917
AGT	ARRB2	P32121	915

IntAct

64 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
REN	AGT	psi-mi:“MI:0570”(protein cleavage)	0.560
REN	AGT	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.560
AGT	NME4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
AGT	NPHP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PRRG2	AGT	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
AGT	EIF2B4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
AGT	PRMT5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
AGT	TGOLN2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
AGT	SNX12	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
AGT	SLFN12	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
AGT	TMEM185A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
CCDC26	AGT	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
VKORC1L1	AGT	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (39): EWSR1 (Two-hybrid), RIPK4 (Affinity Capture-MS), NDUFA3 (Affinity Capture-MS), CANX (Affinity Capture-MS), HSPA5 (Affinity Capture-MS), AGT (Reconstituted Complex), AGT (Reconstituted Complex), NDUFA3 (Affinity Capture-MS), CANX (Affinity Capture-MS), RIPK4 (Affinity Capture-MS), HSPA5 (Affinity Capture-MS), AGT (Affinity Capture-MS), AGT (Affinity Capture-MS), AGT (Affinity Capture-MS), AGT (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2I7N3, A6QPQ2, A6QQ92, A8MV23, B0UYL8, B2D1U1, E1BF81, P01017, P01019, P05154, P05155, P05545, P07758, P07759, P08185, P08697, P09006, P20757, P22323, P23035, P23775, P26595, P28800, P29621, P29622, P36955, P49920, P50448, P50451, P97298, Q00896, Q00898, Q03734, Q09055, Q5I2A0, Q5R9E3, Q5RDA8, Q60396, Q61247, Q63556

Diamond homologs: P01015, P01017, P01019, P11859, P20757, Q9GLN8, Q9GLP6, Q9TSZ0

SIGNOR signaling

12 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
AGT	up-regulates	AGTR1	binding
AGT	up-regulates	AGTR2
REN	“up-regulates activity”	AGT	cleavage
ACE	“up-regulates activity”	AGT	cleavage
AGT	“up-regulates activity”	TRPC6
AGT	“up-regulates activity”	REN	binding
AGT	“up-regulates activity”	AGTR1	binding
CTSG	“up-regulates activity”	AGT	cleavage
ELANE	“up-regulates activity”	AGT	cleavage
PRTN3	“up-regulates activity”	AGT	cleavage
ACE2	“up-regulates activity”	AGT	cleavage

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

285 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	8
Likely pathogenic	9
Uncertain significance	150
Likely benign	64
Benign	19

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (17)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
1459353	NC_000001.10:g.(?230838887)(230846596_?)del	Pathogenic
18071	NC_000001.11:g.230710247G>A	Pathogenic
18072	NC_000001.11:g.230703316del	Pathogenic
2414356	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.53G>A (p.Trp18Ter)	Pathogenic
3646887	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.911_923del (p.Leu304fs)	Pathogenic
3898867	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.526C>T (p.Gln176Ter)	Pathogenic
4732454	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.686del (p.Ser229fs)	Pathogenic
60111	GRCh38/hg38 1q42.2(chr1:230693760-230780212)x1	Pathogenic
1328401	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.161_162delinsT (p.Lys54fs)	Likely pathogenic
3580936	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.1264G>T (p.Glu422Ter)	Likely pathogenic
3580945	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.1195G>T (p.Glu399Ter)	Likely pathogenic
3581058	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.816C>G (p.Tyr272Ter)	Likely pathogenic
3779325	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.1212del (p.Lys404fs)	Likely pathogenic
4292985	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.876G>A (p.Trp292Ter)	Likely pathogenic
4537511	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.1097G>C (p.Arg366Pro)	Likely pathogenic
4680896	Single allele	Likely pathogenic
917912	NM_001384479.1(AGT):c.77G>A (p.Arg26Gln)	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

1066 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:230691377:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:230691545:T:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:230703328:ACCT:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:230703329:CCT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:230703330:C:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:230703331:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:230704191:A:AT	donor_loss	1.0000
1:230704191:ACCT:A	donor_gain	1.0000
1:230704192:C:CA	donor_loss	1.0000
1:230704192:CCTC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:230704221:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:230704222:A:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:230704333:TGGTC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:230704334:GGTC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:230704336:TC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:230704337:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:230704338:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:230705929:CTAC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:230705930:TACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:230705931:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:230705932:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:230706209:C:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:230714082:TTACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:230714083:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:230691379:TCAA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:230691380:CAAG:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:230691381:AAG:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
1:230691382:A:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
1:230691382:AGG:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
1:230691383:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

3157 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:230706157:G:C	F300L	0.990
1:230706157:G:T	F300L	0.990
1:230706159:A:G	F300L	0.990
1:230703219:G:C	F460L	0.984
1:230703219:G:T	F460L	0.984
1:230703221:A:G	F460L	0.984
1:230710215:G:C	F212L	0.978
1:230710215:G:T	F212L	0.978
1:230710217:A:G	F212L	0.978
1:230710728:G:C	F41L	0.973
1:230710728:G:T	F41L	0.973
1:230710730:A:G	F41L	0.973
1:230710089:G:C	F254L	0.965
1:230710089:G:T	F254L	0.965
1:230710091:A:G	F254L	0.965
1:230710182:A:C	F223L	0.961
1:230710182:A:T	F223L	0.961
1:230710184:A:G	F223L	0.961
1:230706100:G:C	F319L	0.960
1:230706100:G:T	F319L	0.960
1:230706102:A:G	F319L	0.960
1:230706158:A:G	F300S	0.958
1:230710216:A:G	F212S	0.952
1:230704317:G:T	P382H	0.951
1:230706158:A:C	F300C	0.950
1:230703220:A:G	F460S	0.949
1:230710141:C:G	R237P	0.943
1:230710183:A:C	F223C	0.936
1:230710216:A:C	F212C	0.927
1:230710511:C:G	G114R	0.927

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000072384 (1:230713930 G>A,C,T), RS1000219476 (1:230739120 G>A,C,T), RS1000273357 (1:230738895 C>T), RS1000308313 (1:230729055 A>G), RS1000373053 (1:230706434 TGCAAGACACACAA>T), RS1000399849 (1:230725519 T>C), RS1000460820 (1:230734346 C>G), RS1000492365 (1:230707732 A>C,G), RS1000549344 (1:230723411 T>A), RS1000653218 (1:230718804 C>A,T), RS1000717880 (1:230744147 C>A), RS1000763960 (1:230723837 G>A), RS1000813664 (1:230734582 C>A), RS1000819860 (1:230703257 T>C,G), RS1000936083 (1:230744978 A>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:106150 | disease phenotypes: MIM:145500, MIM:267430

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
renal tubular dysgenesis of genetic origin	Strong	Autosomal recessive

Mondo (5): essential hypertension, genetic (MONDO:0007781), renal tubular dysgenesis of genetic origin (MONDO:0009970), hypertensive disorder (MONDO:0005044), renal tubular dysgenesis (MONDO:0017609), microcephaly (MONDO:0001149)

Orphanet (2): Renal tubular dysgenesis of genetic origin (Orphanet:97369), Renal tubular dysgenesis (Orphanet:3033)

HPO phenotypes

11 total (12 of 11 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000007	Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0000079	Abnormality of the urinary system
HP:0000252	Microcephaly
HP:0001562	Oligohydramnios
HP:0002009	Potter facies
HP:0002089	Pulmonary hypoplasia
HP:0002093	Respiratory insufficiency
HP:0002615	Hypotension
HP:0004492	Widely patent fontanelles and sutures
HP:0008660	Renotubular dysgenesis
HP:0100519	Anuria
HP:0000822	Hypertension

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D006973	Hypertension	C14.907.489
D008831	Microcephaly	C05.660.207.620; C10.500.507.400.500; C16.131.621.207.620; C16.131.666.507.400.500

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3596085 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

Binding affinities (BindingDB)

1 measured of 1 human assays (1 total across all organisms); most potent 1 below. Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.

Ligand	Measure	Value
CHEMBL295174	IC50	27 nM

ChEMBL bioactivities

4 potent at pChembl≥5 of 4 total, top 4 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
8.46	IC50	3.5	nM	CHEMBL297425
7.66	IC50	22	nM	CHEMBL5275762
7.66	IC50	22	nM	CHEMBL5281619
7.57	IC50	27	nM	CHEMBL295174

PubChem BioAssay actives

4 with measured affinity, of 5 total; 4 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
sodium 6-[(2S,3aR)-2-methyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-b][1,2]oxazol-2-yl]-2-butyl-3-[[4-[2-(1,2,4-triaza-3-azanidacyclopenta-1,4-dien-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]quinazolin-4-one	1959949: Inhibition of angiotensin II (unknown origin)	ic50	0.0035	uM
2-butyl-6-[3-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl]-3-[[4-[2-(1-trityltetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]quinazolin-4-one	1959949: Inhibition of angiotensin II (unknown origin)	ic50	0.0220	uM
ethyl 5-[2-butyl-4-oxo-3-[[4-[2-(1-trityltetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]quinazolin-6-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylate	1959949: Inhibition of angiotensin II (unknown origin)	ic50	0.0220	uM
sodium 6-[(2R,3aS)-2-methyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-b][1,2]oxazol-2-yl]-2-butyl-3-[[4-[2-(1,2,3-triaza-4-azanidacyclopenta-2,5-dien-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]quinazolin-4-one	1959949: Inhibition of angiotensin II (unknown origin)	ic50	0.0270	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

208 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Losartan	decreases reaction, increases expression, increases reaction, affects localization, affects binding (+8 more)	13
Valsartan	decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases abundance, affects localization, increases phosphorylation (+5 more)	12
Aldosterone	increases secretion, decreases reaction, increases reaction, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	7
Estradiol	increases reaction, affects cotreatment, increases expression, affects binding, decreases reaction (+4 more)	7
Reactive Oxygen Species	increases abundance, increases reaction, decreases reaction, increases chemical synthesis	6
sodium arsenite	increases expression, increases secretion, decreases expression, affects reaction, affects binding (+5 more)	5
Resveratrol	decreases response to substance, decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation, affects cotreatment, decreases expression (+2 more)	5
Irbesartan	affects response to substance, decreases reaction, increases response to substance, increases expression	5
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors	affects expression, decreases expression, increases expression	5
Enalapril	affects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases response to substance, affects response to substance, increases abundance (+1 more)	5
Cyclosporine	affects cotreatment, affects expression, decreases expression	5
bisphenol A	decreases reaction, increases expression, affects expression	4
benazepril	affects cotreatment, affects response to substance, decreases expression, decreases reaction	4
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal	affects binding, increases lipidation, increases chemical synthesis, increases abundance, affects cotreatment (+2 more)	3
angiotensin I (1-7)	increases cleavage, affects cotreatment, increases reaction, decreases secretion, affects metabolic processing (+2 more)	3
4-oxo-2-nonenal	affects binding, increases lipidation, increases reaction, increases chemical synthesis, increases abundance	3
Carvedilol	increases reaction, increases response to substance, decreases expression, decreases response to substance, decreases reaction (+1 more)	3
Dexamethasone	increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	3
Ethinyl Estradiol	increases activity, increases reaction, increases expression, increases secretion, affects cotreatment	3
Glucose	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation, increases reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment	3
Nitric Oxide	increases chemical synthesis, decreases reaction, increases reaction, decreases secretion	3
Paraquat	increases expression, increases reaction, increases secretion, decreases reaction	3
Propranolol	decreases reaction, increases expression, increases cleavage, decreases expression	3
Valproic Acid	increases expression	3
Lisinopril	affects response to substance, affects metabolic processing, decreases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	3
Simvastatin	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases expression, increases activity (+1 more)	3
chymostatin	affects cotreatment, affects metabolic processing, decreases abundance, decreases reaction, increases expression	2
acetovanillone	decreases reaction, increases phosphorylation, increases reaction, affects cotreatment, affects localization (+1 more)	2
PD 123319	affects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases secretion, increases expression	2
candesartan cilexetil	decreases reaction, increases expression, increases secretion, decreases activity	2

ChEMBL screening assays

2 unique, capped per target: 2 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL3599004	Binding	Binding affinity to angiotensin-4 (unknown origin) at 200 uM incubated for 2 hrs irradiated with UV light for 10 mins by MALDI-TOF-MS method	Covalent modifier-type aggregation inhibitor of amyloid-β based on a cyclo-KLVFF motif. — Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00000521	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Sodium-Potassium Blood Pressure Trial in Children
NCT00018759	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment Effects on Platelet Calcium in Hypertensive and Depressed Patients
NCT00034840	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Telmisartan vs. Valsartan in Patients With Mild to Moderate Hypertension Following a Missed Dose
NCT00044265	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment of Pediatric Hypertension With Altace Trial
NCT00060918	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Glycemic Control Of Carvedilol Versus Metoprolol In Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus And Hypertension
NCT00060931	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect Of Carvedilol Versus Metoprolol On Glycemic Control In Patients With Type II Diabetes And Hypertension
NCT00110422	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Irbesartan in the Treatment of Hypertensive Patients With Metabolic Syndrome
NCT00115726	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Trial Assessing the Effect of Preoperative Furosemide on Intraoperative Blood Pressure
NCT00120380	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Combination Therapy of Bosentan and Aerosolized Iloprost in Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (IPAH)
NCT00122811	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	The Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET)
NCT00123045	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Patient-Physician Partnership to Improve High Blood Pressure Adherence
NCT00123604	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Vascular Effects of Carvedilol Versus Metoprolol in Hypertensive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
NCT00126516	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB) and ACE Inhibitors (ACEI) on Silent Brain Infarction and Cognitive Decline
NCT00127348	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Morbidity-Mortality in Patients With Sleep Apnea and no Daytime Sleepiness
NCT00128518	PHASE4	COMPLETED	IDEAL Study: Identification of the Determinants of the Efficacy of Arterial Blood Pressure Lowering Drugs
NCT00129233	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Valsartan With Amlodipine in Hypertensive Patients With Glucose Intolerance
NCT00129909	PHASE4	COMPLETED	STITCH (Simplified Therapeutic Intervention To Control Hypertension)
NCT00130156	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Combination Therapy With Alpha-1 Blocker (Bunazosin or Doxazosin) in the Treatment of Patients With Mild to Moderate Essential Hypertension
NCT00131846	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Diuretics In the Management of Essential Hypertension (DIME) Study
NCT00133068	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Collaboration to Reduce Disparities in Hypertension
NCT00133328	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	A Morbidity-Mortality and Remodeling Study With Valsartan
NCT00133692	PHASE4	COMPLETED	INVEST: INternational VErapamil SR Trandolapril STudy
NCT00134160	PHASE4	COMPLETED	OlmeSartan and Calcium Antagonists Randomized (OSCAR) Study
NCT00136851	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study Comparing the Efficacy of Amlodipine Besylate/Benazepril Versus Amlodipine in the Treatment of Severe Hypertension
NCT00139386	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Candesartan for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events After Cypher or Taxus Coronary Stenting (4C) Trial
NCT00139555	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Amlodipine/Benazepril in Reducing Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients With High Risk Hypertension
NCT00139984	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for Antihypertensive Treatment Guidance
NCT00140790	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Valsartan in Cardiovascular Disease With Renal Dysfunction (The V-CARD) Study
NCT00140907	PHASE4	COMPLETED	ALLOGRAFT, A Study to Evaluate the Renal Protective Effects of Losartan (0954-222)(COMPLETED)
NCT00140959	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Losartan and HCTZ and Amlodipine vs Atenolol and Amlodipine (0954A-309)(COMPLETED)
NCT00144144	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	A Study on Ca Blocker Versus AII Antagonists in Hypertension With Type 2 Diabetes
NCT00144937	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Multifactorial Intervention on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Subjects With Peripheral Arterial Disease
NCT00147251	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Stop Atherosclerosis in Native Diabetics Study
NCT00147524	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Non-Comparative Study To Evaluate Changes In FMD After Quinapril Therapy In Hypertensive Women
NCT00147563	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Compare Effectiveness of Eplerenone vs Atenolol in Reversing the Remodelling Resistance Arteries in Subjects With HT
NCT00149227	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Add-on Effects of Valsartan on Morbi- Mortality (KYOTO HEART Study)
NCT00150358	PHASE4	COMPLETED	To Yield Further Information On The Efficacy And Safety Of Viagra Among Subjects With Arterial Hypertension .
NCT00150384	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Clinical Utility of Caduet in Achieving Blood Pressure and Lipid Endpoints in a Specific Patient Population
NCT00153023	PHASE4	COMPLETED	1 Year Trial Telmisartan 80 mg Versus Valsartan 160 mg in Hypertensive Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Overt Nephropathy
NCT00154271	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Blood Pressure Reduction on High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP)