ALDH16A1

Summary

ALDH16A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 16 family member A1, HGNC:28114) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19q13.33, encoding Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 16 member A1 (Q8IZ83).

This gene encodes a member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily. The family members act on aldehyde substrates and use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) as a cofactor. This gene is conserved in chimpanzee, dog, cow, mouse, rat, and zebrafish. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with maspardin, a protein that when truncated is responsible for Mast syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 126133 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 2
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 138 total
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_153329

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:28114
Approved symbol	ALDH16A1
Name	aldehyde dehydrogenase 16 family member A1
Location	19q13.33
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	MGC10204
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000161618
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	613358
Entrez	126133

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 22 — 17 protein_coding, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 2 retained_intron, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000293350, ENST00000455361, ENST00000540132, ENST00000593417, ENST00000594549, ENST00000598015, ENST00000599652, ENST00000600265, ENST00000910812, ENST00000910813, ENST00000910814, ENST00000930086, ENST00000930087, ENST00000930088, ENST00000930089, ENST00000930090, ENST00000965344, ENST00000965345, ENST00000965346, ENST00000965347, ENST00000965348, ENST00000965349

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_153329 NM_001145396, NM_153329

CCDS: CCDS12766, CCDS46141

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000293350 — 17 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001287002	49470306	49471050
ENSE00003044873	49453225	49453421
ENSE00003491229	49464127	49464263
ENSE00003501373	49460822	49460899
ENSE00003509190	49462570	49462755
ENSE00003518102	49461884	49462036
ENSE00003519897	49464632	49464762
ENSE00003554548	49468864	49468986
ENSE00003556880	49464417	49464522
ENSE00003559702	49465738	49465905
ENSE00003594721	49463854	49463949
ENSE00003626480	49459670	49459848
ENSE00003630348	49466082	49466283
ENSE00003634740	49461619	49461800
ENSE00003645534	49458960	49459086
ENSE00003668513	49458486	49458588
ENSE00003673881	49468381	49468566

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 212 present calls, max score 91.91.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 21.6377 / max 191.1711, expressed in 1812 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
176986	16.4722	1797
176988	3.3198	953
176987	1.7613	699
208896	0.0844	42

Top tissues by expression

250 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	91.91	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	91.46	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	91.06	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	89.64	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	89.02	gold quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	88.80	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	88.71	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	88.40	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	88.35	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	88.13	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	88.04	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	87.86	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	87.66	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	87.45	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	87.28	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	87.26	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	87.24	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	87.24	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	87.05	gold quality
body of uterus	UBERON:0009853	86.97	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	86.90	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	86.76	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	86.76	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	86.70	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	86.62	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	86.31	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	86.30	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	86.27	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	86.15	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	86.06	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	3.99

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

30 targeting ALDH16A1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-4534	99.99	66.58	1907
HSA-MIR-371B-5P	99.99	75.34	4759
HSA-MIR-373-5P	99.98	75.36	4753
HSA-MIR-616-5P	99.98	75.58	4775
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-8082	99.95	67.27	1170
HSA-MIR-221-3P	99.86	71.56	1329
HSA-MIR-222-3P	99.86	71.35	1337
HSA-MIR-10393-3P	99.72	66.56	961
HSA-MIR-6801-5P	99.72	66.50	981
HSA-MIR-4516	99.61	67.78	3390
HSA-MIR-217-5P	99.49	69.93	1419
HSA-MIR-520A-5P	99.35	66.72	1632
HSA-MIR-525-5P	99.35	66.85	1615
HSA-MIR-6807-3P	99.15	69.23	1275
HSA-MIR-4434	99.10	67.01	1984
HSA-MIR-5703	99.10	67.09	2053
HSA-MIR-485-5P	99.10	64.78	1889
HSA-MIR-6884-5P	99.10	64.50	1987
HSA-MIR-4451	98.82	68.17	1455
HSA-MIR-4686	98.77	66.87	964
HSA-MIR-1227-5P	98.65	65.32	1549
HSA-MIR-7155-5P	98.65	66.14	1290
HSA-MIR-637	97.91	64.05	1517
HSA-MIR-7154-3P	97.65	65.02	985
HSA-MIR-1225-3P	97.29	64.60	876
HSA-MIR-6762-5P	96.55	64.62	972
HSA-MIR-6845-5P	96.55	64.65	969
HSA-MIR-7109-3P	94.23	67.19	743

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• Data report that maspardin localizes prominently to cytoplasm as well as to membranes, possibly at trans-Golgi network/late endosomal compartments, and that maspardin interacts with the aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH16A1. (PMID:19184135)
• Both the short and long forms of human ALDH16A1 protein would lack catalytic activity. (PMID:23348497)

Cross-species orthologs

8 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	aldh16a1	ENSDARG00000037935
mus_musculus	Aldh16a1	ENSMUSG00000007833
rattus_norvegicus	Aldh16a1	ENSRNOG00000020623
drosophila_melanogaster	CG8665	FBGN0032945
drosophila_melanogaster	CG31075	FBGN0051075
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000107
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000108
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000109

Paralogs (17): ALDH3B1 (ENSG00000006534), ALDH3A2 (ENSG00000072210), ALDH3A1 (ENSG00000108602), ALDH2 (ENSG00000111275), ALDH5A1 (ENSG00000112294), ALDH8A1 (ENSG00000118514), ALDH6A1 (ENSG00000119711), ALDH1A2 (ENSG00000128918), ALDH3B2 (ENSG00000132746), ALDH1L2 (ENSG00000136010), ALDH1B1 (ENSG00000137124), ALDH9A1 (ENSG00000143149), ALDH1L1 (ENSG00000144908), ALDH4A1 (ENSG00000159423), ALDH7A1 (ENSG00000164904), ALDH1A1 (ENSG00000165092), ALDH1A3 (ENSG00000184254)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 16 member A1 — Q8IZ83 (reviewed: Q8IZ83)

All UniProt accessions (4): Q8IZ83, F5H4B6, M0QY06, M0QYY1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with SPG21.

Similarity. Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q8IZ83-1	1	yes
Q8IZ83-2	2
Q8IZ83-3	3

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001138868, NP_699160* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR011408	Aldehyde_DH	Family
IPR015590	Aldehyde_DH_dom	Domain
IPR016161	Ald_DH/histidinol_DH	Homologous_superfamily
IPR016162	Ald_DH_N	Homologous_superfamily
IPR016163	Ald_DH_C	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00171

UniProt features (6 total): splice variant 3, sequence variant 2, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q8IZ83-F1	91.58	0.78

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 72 (showing top): RICKMAN_METASTASIS_DN, RYTTCCTG_ETS2_B, P300_01, CUI_TCF21_TARGETS_2_UP, GARY_CD5_TARGETS_UP, MGGAAGTG_GABP_B, GOBERT_OLIGODENDROCYTE_DIFFERENTIATION_UP, FORTSCHEGGER_PHF8_TARGETS_DN, GOMF_ALDEHYDE_DEHYDROGENASE_NAD_P_PLUS_ACTIVITY, ID1_TARGET_GENES, KMT2D_TARGET_GENES, ZBTB12_TARGET_GENES, MIR616_5P, MIR371B_5P, MIR373_5P

GO Biological Process (0):

GO Molecular Function (4): aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity (GO:0004029), protein binding (GO:0005515), oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491), oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor (GO:0016620)

GO Cellular Component (1): membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity	1
binding	1
catalytic activity	1
oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

3193 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ALDH16A1	SPG21	Q9NZD8	951
ALDH16A1	ALDH18A1	P54886	681
ALDH16A1	SLC2A9	Q9NRM0	624
ALDH16A1	ALDH3B2	P48448	612
ALDH16A1	LANCL1	O43813	603
ALDH16A1	PAAF1	Q9BRP4	574
ALDH16A1	NIPSNAP2	O75323	561
ALDH16A1	ALDH3A2	P51648	556
ALDH16A1	ABCG2	Q9UNQ0	521
ALDH16A1	ALDH3B1	P43353	512
ALDH16A1	LCK	P06239	502
ALDH16A1	PCMT1	P22061	502
ALDH16A1	BHMT	Q93088	469
ALDH16A1	ALDH7A1	P49419	461
ALDH16A1	USP1	O94782	460

IntAct

49 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
ALDH16A1	DERA	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.750
DERA	ALDH16A1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.750
ERP29	GLB1L	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
DLGAP4	LIN7A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.590
ALDH16A1	DLGAP4	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
NOTCH2NLC	ALDH16A1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM117B	GAPDHS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ERP29	ARSB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ALDH16A1	TFAP2A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
Lgals3bp	CS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PCMT1	YDJC	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ERP29	EXOC5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TLR1	PLXNB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ADD2	ROCK2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LANCL1	MYO7A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
USP1		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	TGFB1I1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
AURKB	TARS3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LATS2	WTIP	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CEP63	CIT	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CEP192	WASL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ALDH16A1	TRIAP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ATXN7L1	USP27X	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TLR1	LRP6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (97): ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Co-fractionation), ALDH16A1 (Co-fractionation), ALDH16A1 (Co-fractionation), ALDH16A1 (Co-fractionation), ALDH16A1 (Co-fractionation), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALDH16A1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A061IR73, A5YM72, A6QR56, A8MXQ7, D3KCC4, D3Z7H8, I3L5V6, O19179, O95382, P0C263, P0DPD7, P0DPE1, P10938, P11086, P14061, P51656, P51657, P51840, P52785, P54777, Q02846, Q0V8J4, Q13608, Q1WNP0, Q2VPK5, Q561R2, Q5XIH9, Q643R3, Q6NVG1, Q6PAT0, Q6SZW1, Q6ZPS2, Q7TMC8, Q8IYX4, Q8IZ83, Q8IZY2, Q8K248, Q8N0W3, Q8N2G8, Q96EY9

Diamond homologs: A0KST2, A1V675, A3NBM7, A3NXG2, A4JCW0, A6QR56, A6T7T5, A6U6Y9, A6WST7, A9VMS6, A9VRG6, B0TU38, B1KDF2, B1YW19, B5F7J0, B5QWI8, B5RAZ9, B8CIT6, B8EBC2, C3MIE5, C6DKY5, F8JX40, O04895, O06837, O24174, O34660, P11884, P12693, P17202, P46368, P47738, P55653, P63938, P81178, P81406, P93338, P9WNY0, P9WNY1, Q04458, Q0BGV0

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

138 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	96
Likely benign	12
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

2584 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
19:49458480:CCCCA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:49458481:CCCA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:49458482:CCAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:49458585:ACAG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
19:49458586:CAGGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
19:49458588:GGTAC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
19:49458590:T:G	donor_loss	1.0000
19:49459664:C:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459667:CAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:49459668:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459668:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459668:AGGCT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459669:G:GC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459669:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459669:GGC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459669:GGCT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459669:GGCTG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49459818:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
19:49459821:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
19:49459847:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
19:49459848:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
19:49459849:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
19:49459850:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
19:49462566:ACAG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49462567:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:49462568:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49462568:A:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
19:49462568:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49462568:AGGGT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
19:49462569:G:GC	acceptor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

5043 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
19:49464217:A:C	S429R	0.987
19:49464219:T:A	S429R	0.987
19:49464219:T:G	S429R	0.987
19:49464226:A:C	S432R	0.986
19:49464228:C:A	S432R	0.986
19:49464228:C:G	S432R	0.986
19:49468517:T:A	V692D	0.981
19:49464223:T:A	W431R	0.978
19:49464223:T:C	W431R	0.978
19:49464443:A:T	N453I	0.971
19:49468509:C:A	N689K	0.970
19:49468509:C:G	N689K	0.970
19:49464157:T:C	F409L	0.969
19:49464159:C:A	F409L	0.969
19:49464159:C:G	F409L	0.969
19:49464434:T:A	V450D	0.967
19:49468899:C:A	N720K	0.965
19:49468899:C:G	N720K	0.965
19:49470440:G:C	K794N	0.965
19:49470440:G:T	K794N	0.965
19:49470347:A:C	K763N	0.964
19:49470347:A:T	K763N	0.964
19:49463909:T:A	V385D	0.961
19:49470319:T:A	V754D	0.961
19:49462019:T:A	W299R	0.958
19:49462019:T:C	W299R	0.958
19:49464221:T:A	V430E	0.957
19:49464444:C:A	N453K	0.957
19:49464444:C:G	N453K	0.957
19:49461716:T:A	N225K	0.956

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000161164 (19:49458767 C>T), RS1000334154 (19:49464204 C>A,T), RS1000374359 (19:49469077 T>C,G), RS1000386645 (19:49464345 C>G,T), RS1000478900 (19:49455976 C>A,T), RS1000550973 (19:49451803 CG>C), RS1001328367 (19:49468085 G>A), RS1001398124 (19:49470006 G>A,T), RS1001570566 (19:49463775 G>A), RS1001596848 (19:49454435 C>G), RS1001830450 (19:49460227 CTTTTGT>C), RS1001981964 (19:49452895 T>C), RS1002814981 (19:49469082 T>A,C), RS1002818901 (19:49467217 C>A,T), RS1002988743 (19:49451676 G>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:613358 | disease phenotypes: MIM:613722

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 12 (MONDO:0013389)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001268_2	Gout	2.000000e-16
GCST001269_1	Serum uric acid levels	5.000000e-21

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004761	uric acid measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4295896 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

2 potent at pChembl≥5 of 2 total, top 2 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
6.54	Kd	290.8	nM	CHEMBL5653589
6.54	ED50	290.8	nM	CHEMBL5653589

PubChem BioAssay actives

1 with measured affinity, of 4 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-6-pyridin-3-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide	2147838: Binding affinity to human ALDH16A1 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay	kd	0.2908	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

37 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases methylation	3
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	2
Acrolein	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	2
Ozone	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	2
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression, increases methylation	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
GSK-J4	decreases expression	1
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
alpha-pinene	increases abundance, affects cotreatment, increases oxidation	1
sodium arsenate	increases expression	1
1-benzylimidazole	decreases expression	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
bisphenol S	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
jinfukang	increases expression	1
LDN 193189	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Temozolomide	increases expression	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
Air Pollutants	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases oxidation	1
Atrazine	decreases expression	1
Vehicle Emissions	increases abundance, decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	decreases expression	1
Cisplatin	decreases expression	1
Coumestrol	increases expression	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Enzyme Inhibitors	decreases activity, increases O-linked glycosylation	1
Estradiol	decreases expression	1
Indomethacin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Ivermectin	decreases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

3 unique, capped per target: 3 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL4118735	Binding	Binding affinity to ALDH16A1 in human NCI-H23 cells at 1 uM by mass spectrometry based pull down assay	Studies of TAK1-centered polypharmacology with novel covalent TAK1 inhibitors. — Bioorg Med Chem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.