ARL5A

Summary

ARL5A (ARF like GTPase 5A, HGNC:696) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2q23.3, encoding ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5A (Q9Y689). Lacks ADP-ribosylation enhancing activity.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ARF family of GTP-binding proteins. With its distinctive nuclear/nucleolar localization and interaction with HP1alpha, the protein is developmentally regulated and may play a role(s) in nuclear dynamics and/or signaling cascades during embryonic development. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. This gene has multiple pseudogenes.

Source: NCBI Gene 26225 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 34 total — 2 pathogenic, 1 likely-pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_012097

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:696
Approved symbol	ARL5A
Name	ARF like GTPase 5A
Location	2q23.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000162980
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	608960
Entrez	26225

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 4 protein_coding, 3 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000295087, ENST00000428992, ENST00000446896, ENST00000458140, ENST00000487723, ENST00000487818, ENST00000495604, ENST00000899623, ENST00000899624

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_012097 NM_001037174, NM_012097, NM_177985

CCDS: CCDS2195, CCDS46425

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000295087 — 6 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001070294	151812357	151812440
ENSE00001364904	151828131	151828421
ENSE00001827771	151798797	151803324
ENSE00003545881	151806821	151806972
ENSE00003598930	151814169	151814316
ENSE00003611645	151815139	151815199

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 260 present calls, max score 96.90.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 37.3913 / max 234.9255, expressed in 1820 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
31292	21.3026	1804
31293	16.0887	1806

Top tissues by expression

260 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	96.90	gold quality
nipple	UBERON:0002030	96.10	gold quality
upper arm skin	UBERON:0004263	96.02	gold quality
tendon	UBERON:0000043	95.54	gold quality
penis	UBERON:0000989	95.50	gold quality
saphenous vein	UBERON:0007318	95.13	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	94.71	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	94.41	gold quality
mammalian vulva	UBERON:0000997	93.88	gold quality
oviduct epithelium	UBERON:0004804	93.85	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	93.75	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	93.40	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	93.36	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	93.33	gold quality
visceral pleura	UBERON:0002401	93.33	gold quality
superior surface of tongue	UBERON:0007371	92.87	gold quality
parietal pleura	UBERON:0002400	92.43	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	91.68	gold quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	91.56	gold quality
layer of synovial tissue	UBERON:0007616	91.39	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	91.25	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	91.21	gold quality
synovial joint	UBERON:0002217	90.87	gold quality
renal medulla	UBERON:0000362	90.65	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	90.55	gold quality
pylorus	UBERON:0001166	90.54	gold quality
gingiva	UBERON:0001828	90.47	gold quality
cerebellar vermis	UBERON:0004720	90.29	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	90.27	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	90.21	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	16.71
E-MTAB-10042	yes	7.97

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

174 targeting ARL5A, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-200B-3P	100.00	73.31	2693
HSA-MIR-200C-3P	100.00	73.35	2685
HSA-MIR-429	100.00	73.44	2698
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-126-5P	100.00	72.71	3180
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-6867-5P	100.00	82.21	3464
HSA-MIR-3924	100.00	72.09	2394
HSA-MIR-4262	100.00	73.26	3931
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-1277-5P	100.00	73.95	5056
HSA-MIR-656-3P	100.00	72.15	2788
HSA-MIR-5692B	100.00	71.32	2622
HSA-MIR-5692C	100.00	71.32	2622
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-4500	99.99	72.72	2367
HSA-MIR-181A-5P	99.99	72.96	2995
HSA-MIR-181B-5P	99.99	72.97	2996
HSA-MIR-181C-5P	99.99	72.95	2996
HSA-MIR-181D-5P	99.99	73.04	2997
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-4789-5P	99.98	70.76	2721

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 5)

• developmentally regulated ARL5, with its distinctive nuclear/nucleolar localization and interaction with HP1alpha, may play a role(s) in nuclear dynamics and/or signaling cascades during embryonic development (PMID:12414990)
• crystal structure (PMID:15896705)
• microRNA-202-3p inhibits cell proliferation by targeting ADP-ribosylation factor-like 5A in human colorectal carcinoma. (PMID:24327274)
• Arl5, an ARF-like family small GTPase, interacts with Ragulator in an amino acid-regulated manner and both Arl5 and its effector, the Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex (GARP), are required for the AA-stimulated trafficking. (PMID:30478271)
• The ARFRP1 functions upstream of two other ARL GTPases, ARL1 and ARL5, which in turn recruit golgins and GARP, respectively, to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). (PMID:31575603)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	arl5a	ENSDARG00000018627
mus_musculus	Arl5a	ENSMUSG00000036093
rattus_norvegicus	Arl5a	ENSRNOG00000006839

Paralogs (30): ARF5 (ENSG00000004059), SAR1A (ENSG00000079332), ARFRP1 (ENSG00000101246), TRIM23 (ENSG00000113595), ARL6 (ENSG00000113966), ARL1 (ENSG00000120805), ARL4A (ENSG00000122644), ARL8B (ENSG00000134108), ARF3 (ENSG00000134287), ARL3 (ENSG00000138175), ARL5C (ENSG00000141748), ARF1 (ENSG00000143761), ARL8A (ENSG00000143862), ARL11 (ENSG00000152213), SAR1B (ENSG00000152700), ARF6 (ENSG00000165527), ARL5B (ENSG00000165997), ARF4 (ENSG00000168374), ARL13B (ENSG00000169379), ARL13A (ENSG00000174225), ARL10 (ENSG00000175414), ARL4D (ENSG00000175906), ARL14 (ENSG00000179674), ARL15 (ENSG00000185305), ARL17A (ENSG00000185829), ARL4C (ENSG00000188042), ARL9 (ENSG00000196503), ARL2 (ENSG00000213465), ARL16 (ENSG00000214087), ARL17B (ENSG00000228696)

Protein

Protein identifiers

ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5A — Q9Y689 (reviewed: Q9Y689)

All UniProt accessions (2): Q9Y689, F8WER2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Lacks ADP-ribosylation enhancing activity.

Similarity. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9Y689-1	1	yes
Q9Y689-2	2

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001032251, NP_036229, NP_817114 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR005225	Small_GTP-bd	Domain
IPR006689	Small_GTPase_ARF/SAR	Family
IPR024156	Small_GTPase_ARF	Family
IPR027417	P-loop_NTPase	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00025

UniProt features (27 total): helix 9, strand 8, binding site 4, turn 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, lipid moiety-binding region 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

4 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
2H17	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.7
1ZJ6	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2
2H16	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2
1Z6Y	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.4

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9Y689-F1	91.58	0.82

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (4): 23–30; 66–70; 125–128; 159

Post-translational modifications (1): 2

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 249 (showing top): BUYTAERT_PHOTODYNAMIC_THERAPY_STRESS_DN, GOBP_INTRACELLULAR_PROTEIN_TRANSPORT, ATACCTC_MIR202, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, CHANDRAN_METASTASIS_DN, GOLDRATH_ANTIGEN_RESPONSE, WEI_MYCN_TARGETS_WITH_E_BOX, MARTINEZ_RB1_TARGETS_UP, GOCC_TRANS_GOLGI_NETWORK, MILI_PSEUDOPODIA_HAPTOTAXIS_UP, GOBP_PROTEIN_LOCALIZATION_TO_GOLGI_APPARATUS, DODD_NASOPHARYNGEAL_CARCINOMA_UP, GOBP_PROTEIN_LOCALIZATION_TO_ORGANELLE, GOBP_LOCALIZATION_WITHIN_MEMBRANE, MARTINEZ_RB1_AND_TP53_TARGETS_UP

GO Biological Process (3): intracellular protein transport (GO:0006886), vesicle-mediated transport (GO:0016192), protein localization to Golgi membrane (GO:1903292)

GO Molecular Function (3): GTPase activity (GO:0003924), GTP binding (GO:0005525), nucleotide binding (GO:0000166)

GO Cellular Component (2): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), trans-Golgi network (GO:0005802)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
intracellular protein localization	1
protein transport	1
intracellular transport	1
transport	1
cellular process	1
protein localization to Golgi apparatus	1
protein localization to membrane	1
ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity	1
guanyl ribonucleotide binding	1
purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding	1
nucleoside phosphate binding	1
heterocyclic compound binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
Golgi apparatus subcompartment	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2337 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ARL5A	VPS54	Q9P1Q0	625
ARL5A	CDKN2A	P42771	532
ARL5A	VPS51	Q9UID3	489
ARL5A	RASL12	Q9NYN1	475
ARL5A	VPS53	Q5VIR6	473
ARL5A	SYS1	Q8N2H4	453
ARL5A	VPS50	Q96JG6	446
ARL5A	VPS52	Q8N1B4	445
ARL5A	ARFGAP3	Q9NP61	412
ARL5A	SLCO6A1	Q86UG4	407
ARL5A	GOLGA1	Q92805	381
ARL5A	GOLGA4	Q13439	380
ARL5A	NOC3L	Q8WTT2	378
ARL5A	ANKRD13C	Q8N6S4	369
ARL5A	RASL11B	Q9BPW5	358

IntAct

4 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
S1PR2	PALM3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ARL5A	PHKA2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.400
	HLA-C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
ARL5B	RAD21	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (120): ARL5A (Affinity Capture-RNA), ARL5B (Negative Genetic), HSP90AB1 (Negative Genetic), RAB2A (Negative Genetic), ARL5A (Negative Genetic), SEC24A (Negative Genetic), TRAPPC12 (Negative Genetic), RAB1B (Negative Genetic), SEC24B (Negative Genetic), SEC23IP (Negative Genetic), TBL1XR1 (Negative Genetic), SEC31A (Negative Genetic), TRAPPC13 (Negative Genetic), B3GNT2 (Negative Genetic), CUL4A (Negative Genetic)

ESM2 similar proteins: A4D1S5, A6NH57, O45379, O59781, O88848, P25160, P25378, P34212, P38116, P40994, P51152, P51646, Q02804, Q0IIM2, Q13795, Q18510, Q2KJ96, Q32LJ2, Q3SXC5, Q54E92, Q54HK2, Q54I24, Q54JJ3, Q54V41, Q54V47, Q54Y14, Q54YV7, Q55AD9, Q5JT25, Q5M9P8, Q5R4G5, Q5R579, Q5RCQ6, Q60Z38, Q61DE0, Q63055, Q6P068, Q6P3A9, Q80ZU0, Q8BXL7

Diamond homologs: A6NH57, B5FYQ0, O00909, O23778, O48649, O48920, P0CM16, P0CM17, P0DH91, P11076, P18085, P19146, P22274, P25160, P26990, P26991, P34212, P34727, P36397, P36405, P36406, P36407, P36579, P37996, P38116, P40616, P40940, P40945, P40946, P40994, P49076, P49702, P51643, P51644, P51645, P51646, P51821, P51822, P51823, P51824

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

34 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	2
Likely pathogenic	1
Uncertain significance	24
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (3)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
2424064	NC_000002.11:g.(?152466303)(152955525_?)del	Pathogenic
833295	NC_000002.12:g.(?151485750)(151957616_?)del	Pathogenic
562665	GRCh37/hg19 2q23.2-23.3(chr2:150134077-154848282)x1	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

946 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
2:151806819:ACC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151806820:CCC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151806820:CCCCT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151812353:TTAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:151812356:C:CG	donor_loss	1.0000
2:151812437:CAAA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:151812438:AAAC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:151812439:AA:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:151812439:AAC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:151812440:AC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:151812441:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:151812441:CTAAA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
2:151814168:CCT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151814312:TAGAA:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:151814317:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:151815134:CTT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
2:151815135:TTACA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:151815136:TACA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
2:151815137:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151815137:ACAA:A	donor_loss	1.0000
2:151815138:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151815138:CA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151815138:CAA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151815138:CAAT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151815138:CAATT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
2:151815200:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
2:151803321:CAAT:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
2:151806814:GTCTT:G	donor_loss	0.9900
2:151806815:TCTTA:T	donor_loss	0.9900
2:151806816:CTTAC:C	donor_loss	0.9900

AlphaMissense

1188 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
2:151806934:T:A	K126N	1.000
2:151806934:T:G	K126N	1.000
2:151806935:T:A	K126I	1.000
2:151814227:T:G	D66A	1.000
2:151815157:G:A	T30I	1.000
2:151815164:C:A	G28W	1.000
2:151806841:G:C	C157W	0.999
2:151806935:T:G	K126T	0.999
2:151806936:T:C	K126E	0.999
2:151806941:G:T	A124D	0.999
2:151812427:A:T	V90D	0.999
2:151814195:A:G	W77R	0.999
2:151814195:A:T	W77R	0.999
2:151814227:T:A	D66V	0.999
2:151814227:T:C	D66G	0.999
2:151814228:C:G	D66H	0.999
2:151814231:A:G	W65R	0.999
2:151814231:A:T	W65R	0.999
2:151814278:C:T	G49E	0.999
2:151815160:T:A	K29I	0.999
2:151815161:T:G	K29Q	0.999
2:151815163:C:A	G28V	0.999
2:151815163:C:T	G28E	0.999
2:151815164:C:G	G28R	0.999
2:151815164:C:T	G28R	0.999
2:151815178:C:T	G23E	0.999
2:151815179:C:A	G23W	0.999
2:151815179:C:G	G23R	0.999
2:151815179:C:T	G23R	0.999
2:151806836:G:T	A159D	0.998

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000148491 (2:151825691 G>A), RS1000238548 (2:151800027 T>C), RS1000288134 (2:151830314 A>G), RS1000483717 (2:151800349 C>A,T), RS1000534599 (2:151824799 A>G), RS1000716246 (2:151800011 C>T), RS1000774209 (2:151801587 A>G), RS1000853691 (2:151815236 A>G), RS1000915064 (2:151821095 A>C), RS1001116903 (2:151826900 T>C,G), RS1001165399 (2:151801206 CCACTA>C), RS1001230467 (2:151804173 T>C), RS1001326116 (2:151800779 G>A), RS1001386927 (2:151809852 C>T), RS1001481657 (2:151809516 C>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608960 | disease phenotypes: MIM:256030, MIM:600669

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): nemaline myopathy 2 (MONDO:0009725), idiopathic generalized epilepsy (MONDO:0005579)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003469_11	Response to cognitive-behavioural therapy in anxiety disorder	4.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007820	cognitive behavioural therapy

MeSH disease descriptors (2)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
C562694	Epilepsy, Idiopathic Generalized (supp.)
C538349	Nemaline Myopathy 2 (supp.)

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

34 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	3
sodium arsenite	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression, decreases expression	2
Arsenic	decreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
sodium arsenate	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
manganese chloride	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1
ochratoxin A	decreases expression	1
aflatoxin B2	increases methylation	1
isobutyl alcohol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
jinfukang	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Coal	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Demecolcine	decreases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Formaldehyde	decreases expression	1
Gasoline	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Hydrogen Peroxide	increases expression	1
Lead	affects splicing	1
Manganese	increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	1
Methyl Methanesulfonate	decreases expression	1
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	decreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment	1
Potassium Dichromate	decreases expression	1
Selenium	decreases expression	1
Smoke	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Vincristine	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

21 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT03590197	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Melatonin on Seizure Outcome, Neuronal Damage and Quality of Life in Patients With Generalized Epilepsy
NCT03940326	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Levetiracetam Versus Valproate in Idiopathic Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures
NCT00150735	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Monotherapy With Levetiracetam in Newly Diagnosed Patients Suffering From Epilepsy
NCT00150748	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Long Term Follow up Treatment With Levetiracetam in Subjects of 4 Years and Older With Generalized Epilepsy
NCT03678753	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Cenobamate Adjunctive Therapy in PGTC Seizures
NCT05147571	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	RNS System NAUTILUS Study
NCT06908356	PHASE2	RECRUITING	An Open Label Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of PRAX-628 in Adults With Focal Onset or Tonic-Clonic Seizures
NCT06425159	PHASE2/PHASE3	TERMINATED	A Study to Determine if BHV-7000 is Effective and Safe in Adults With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy With Generalized Tonic-clonic Seizures
NCT00001325	Not specified	COMPLETED	Metabolic Abnormalities in Children With Epilepsy
NCT00916903	Not specified	TERMINATED	Genetic Disease Gene Identification
NCT01311440	Not specified	COMPLETED	Modified Atkins Diet Treatment for Adults With Drug-resistant Epilepsy
NCT01432821	Not specified	COMPLETED	Blinking and Yawning in Epilepsy: The Role of Dopamine
NCT03368469	Not specified	WITHDRAWN	Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Children and Adolescents With Epilepsy and Depression
NCT03457961	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Post-market Study of AMPA Receptor Antagonists for Epilepsy Patients in Hong Kong
NCT03955432	Not specified	TERMINATED	Long-term Cardiac Monitoring in Epilepsy
NCT04252846	Not specified	COMPLETED	A Study to Investigate Dosage, Effectiveness, and Safety of Perampanel When Used as First Add-on Therapy in Participants >=12 Years With Partial Onset Seizures With or Without Secondary Generalization or With Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures Associated With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy
NCT04965571	Not specified	COMPLETED	Clinical Features and Outcome of Wilson’s Disease With Generalized Epilepsy in Chinese Patients
NCT05374928	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Human Epilepsy Project 3
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