ARL8A

Summary

ARL8A (ARF like GTPase 8A, HGNC:25192) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1q32.1, encoding ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 8A (Q96BM9). Plays a role in lysosome motility.

Enables GTP binding activity. Predicted to be involved in anterograde axonal transport and chromosome segregation. Located in cytoplasm; midbody; and spindle midzone.

Source: NCBI Gene 127829 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): Tourette syndrome (No Known Disease Relationship, GenCC)
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 19 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_138795

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:25192
Approved symbol	ARL8A
Name	ARF like GTPase 8A
Location	1q32.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	FLJ45195, Gie2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000143862
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	616597
Entrez	127829

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 7 — 5 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000272217, ENST00000486225, ENST00000491358, ENST00000614750, ENST00000893245, ENST00000893246, ENST00000956129

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_138795 NM_001256129, NM_138795

CCDS: CCDS1421, CCDS73004

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000272217 — 7 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000962395	202138368	202138448
ENSE00000962396	202137965	202138038
ENSE00000962397	202135707	202135800
ENSE00000962398	202135459	202135526
ENSE00001074706	202144450	202144737
ENSE00001191671	202133404	202134516
ENSE00003475548	202135150	202135220

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 239 present calls, max score 98.86.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 53.4963 / max 371.3092, expressed in 1822 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
16701	52.4412	1822
16699	0.6130	342
16700	0.4421	221

Top tissues by expression

254 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	98.86	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	98.24	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	97.89	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	96.81	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	96.74	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	96.68	gold quality
embryo	UBERON:0000922	96.67	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	96.66	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	96.36	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	96.35	gold quality
inferior vagus X ganglion	UBERON:0005363	96.19	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	95.93	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	95.74	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	95.64	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	95.63	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	95.48	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	95.32	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	95.18	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	95.07	gold quality
peripheral nervous system	UBERON:0000010	94.95	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	94.95	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	94.95	silver quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	94.88	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	94.88	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	94.74	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	94.72	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	94.71	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	94.67	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	94.62	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	94.61	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	9.84

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

77 targeting ARL8A, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-190A-3P	100.00	80.35	5520
HSA-MIR-4510	100.00	66.60	2050
HSA-MIR-6127	100.00	66.76	2188
HSA-MIR-6129	100.00	66.46	2080
HSA-MIR-6130	100.00	66.69	2012
HSA-MIR-6133	100.00	66.48	2064
HSA-MIR-1277-5P	100.00	73.95	5056
HSA-MIR-8485	100.00	77.57	4731
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-1184	99.99	68.19	1458
HSA-MIR-103A-3P	99.98	69.14	1595
HSA-MIR-107	99.98	69.14	1595
HSA-MIR-548P	99.98	72.25	3784
HSA-MIR-4487	99.96	64.58	1252
HSA-MIR-146A-5P	99.96	68.93	988
HSA-MIR-146B-5P	99.96	69.13	977
HSA-MIR-6845-3P	99.94	66.88	1439
HSA-MIR-7153-5P	99.94	68.89	1006
HSA-MIR-338-5P	99.92	72.34	2951
HSA-MIR-7-1-3P	99.91	71.53	4384
HSA-MIR-7-2-3P	99.91	71.40	4394
HSA-MIR-10527-5P	99.91	72.28	3754
HSA-MIR-4731-5P	99.89	67.23	2537
HSA-MIR-95-5P	99.89	72.17	3973
HSA-LET-7A-2-3P	99.87	70.53	1921
HSA-MIR-4779	99.86	66.50	1583
HSA-LET-7G-3P	99.85	70.43	1929
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• Results suggest that the novel GTPases Gie1 and Gie2 associate with microtubules, and might be involved in chromosome segregation. (PMID:15331635)
• Overexpression of Arl8a or Arl8b results in a microtubule-dependent redistribution of lysosomes towards the cell periphery. Live cell imaging suggested a role for Arl8a and Arl8b as positive regulators of lysosomal transport.[Ar18a] [Ar18b] (PMID:16537643)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	arl8a	ENSDARG00000078686
mus_musculus	Arl8a	ENSMUSG00000026426
rattus_norvegicus	Arl8a	ENSRNOG00000005988
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00000192

Paralogs (30): ARF5 (ENSG00000004059), SAR1A (ENSG00000079332), ARFRP1 (ENSG00000101246), TRIM23 (ENSG00000113595), ARL6 (ENSG00000113966), ARL1 (ENSG00000120805), ARL4A (ENSG00000122644), ARL8B (ENSG00000134108), ARF3 (ENSG00000134287), ARL3 (ENSG00000138175), ARL5C (ENSG00000141748), ARF1 (ENSG00000143761), ARL11 (ENSG00000152213), SAR1B (ENSG00000152700), ARL5A (ENSG00000162980), ARF6 (ENSG00000165527), ARL5B (ENSG00000165997), ARF4 (ENSG00000168374), ARL13B (ENSG00000169379), ARL13A (ENSG00000174225), ARL10 (ENSG00000175414), ARL4D (ENSG00000175906), ARL14 (ENSG00000179674), ARL15 (ENSG00000185305), ARL17A (ENSG00000185829), ARL4C (ENSG00000188042), ARL9 (ENSG00000196503), ARL2 (ENSG00000213465), ARL16 (ENSG00000214087), ARL17B (ENSG00000228696)

Protein

Protein identifiers

ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 8A — Q96BM9 (reviewed: Q96BM9)

Alternative names: ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 10B, Novel small G protein indispensable for equal chromosome segregation 2

All UniProt accessions (2): Q96BM9, A0A087X2J2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Plays a role in lysosome motility. In neurons, mediates the anterograde axonal long-range transport of presynaptic lysosome-related vesicles required for presynaptic biogenesis and synaptic function. May play a role in chromosome segregation.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with PLEKHM1. When GTP-bound, interacts with RUFY3 and RUFY4, but not with RUFY1, nor RUFY2.

Subcellular location. Late endosome membrane. Lysosome membrane. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Spindle. Cell projection. Axon. Synapse.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitously expressed.

Similarity. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001243058, NP_620150* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR005225	Small_GTP-bd	Domain
IPR006689	Small_GTPase_ARF/SAR	Family
IPR027417	P-loop_NTPase	Homologous_superfamily
IPR044154	Arl8a/8b	Family

Pfam: PF00025

UniProt features (23 total): helix 10, strand 7, binding site 3, chain 1, intramembrane region 1, turn 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
1ZD9	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.7
2H18	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
4ILE	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.68

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q96BM9-F1	91.87	0.76

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (3): 29–35; 71–75; 130–133

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

3 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-6798695	Neutrophil degranulation
R-HSA-168249	Innate Immune System
R-HSA-168256	Immune System

MSigDB gene sets: 135 (showing top): REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_AXO_DENDRITIC_TRANSPORT, GOCC_VACUOLAR_MEMBRANE, GOCC_SECRETORY_GRANULE, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, CREB_Q3, GOCC_NEURON_PROJECTION, GOCC_SPINDLE, GOCC_LATE_ENDOSOME_MEMBRANE, GOCC_CYTOPLASMIC_REGION, GOCC_SECRETORY_VESICLE, GOBP_CELL_DIVISION, GOCC_SYNAPSE, GOCC_SPINDLE_MIDZONE, GOCC_SECRETORY_GRANULE_MEMBRANE

GO Biological Process (4): chromosome segregation (GO:0007059), anterograde axonal transport (GO:0008089), protein transport (GO:0015031), cell division (GO:0051301)

GO Molecular Function (6): GTPase activity (GO:0003924), GTP binding (GO:0005525), alpha-tubulin binding (GO:0043014), beta-tubulin binding (GO:0048487), nucleotide binding (GO:0000166), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (18): cytoplasm (GO:0005737), lysosomal membrane (GO:0005765), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), membrane (GO:0016020), midbody (GO:0030496), late endosome membrane (GO:0031902), azurophil granule membrane (GO:0035577), synapse (GO:0045202), spindle midzone (GO:0051233), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), ficolin-1-rich granule membrane (GO:0101003), axon cytoplasm (GO:1904115), lysosome (GO:0005764), endosome (GO:0005768), spindle (GO:0005819), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), axon (GO:0030424), cell projection (GO:0042995)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Innate Immune System	1
Immune System	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	5
tubulin binding	2
secretory granule membrane	2
intracellular membraneless organelle	2
cell cycle process	1
axonal transport	1
axon cytoplasm	1
transport	1
intracellular protein localization	1
establishment of protein localization	1
cellular process	1
ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity	1
guanyl ribonucleotide binding	1
purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding	1
nucleoside phosphate binding	1
heterocyclic compound binding	1
binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
lysosome	1
lytic vacuole membrane	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
late endosome	1
endosome membrane	1
lysosomal membrane	1
azurophil granule	1
cell junction	1
spindle	1
extracellular vesicle	1
tertiary granule	1
ficolin-1-rich granule	1
axon	1
neuron projection cytoplasm	1
lytic vacuole	1
endomembrane system	1
cytoplasmic vesicle	1
microtubule cytoskeleton	1
neuron projection	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1911 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ARL8A	KXD1	Q9BQD3	634
ARL8A	PLEKHM2	Q8IWE5	629
ARL8A	BORCS5	Q969J3	571
ARL8A	BORCS8	Q96FH0	565
ARL8A	BORCS7	Q96B45	556
ARL8A	BORCS6	Q96GS4	507
ARL8A	SNAPIN	O95295	489
ARL8A	KIF1A	Q12756	487
ARL8A	BLOC1S2	Q6QNY1	483
ARL8A	VPS39	Q96JC1	476
ARL8A	KLC2	Q9H0B6	474
ARL8A	BLOC1S1	P78537	471
ARL8A	KLC4	Q9NSK0	436
ARL8A	KLC1	Q07866	436
ARL8A	TBC1D8B	Q0IIM8	419

IntAct

90 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
ZSCAN21	ZNF24	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.830
ARL8A	SPG21	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
ARL8A	UQCRH	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
UQCRH	ARL8A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.720
MOCOS	ARL8A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
ARL8A	MOCOS	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
PUF60	ARL8A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ARL8A	PUF60	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
LAMP3	METTL15	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
LIPG	NRP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
NT5E	SCAMP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
WASHC3	WASH3P	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
DDX41	NOS1AP	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
GHITM	MFN2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ERBB2	HAX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
ARL8A		psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.520
PLEKHM1	ARL8A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
SNW1	ARL8A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
ARL8A	PLEKHM1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.510
KIF3A	MAP1LC3B2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LITAF	SDCBP	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GNAI2	GNG7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
RARS2	PCCA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TEX101	NDUFA4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (114): ARL8A (Two-hybrid), ARL8A (Two-hybrid), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Co-fractionation), ARL8A (Co-fractionation), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL8A (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A8ISN6, B5FYQ0, O08697, O48649, O48920, P0CM16, P0CM17, P0DH91, P36397, P36404, P36405, P37996, P40617, P40940, P49076, P51821, P51822, P51823, P61213, P61214, Q06396, Q06849, Q19705, Q1MTE5, Q2KI07, Q2TA37, Q2TBW6, Q3T0M9, Q4R4S4, Q52NJ4, Q54R04, Q5R6E7, Q5ZKQ8, Q627K4, Q66HA6, Q6NZW8, Q6P8C8, Q8QHI3, Q8VEH3, Q8VY57

Diamond homologs: A8INQ0, A8ISN6, B5FYQ0, O04266, O04834, O08697, O23778, O45379, O48649, O48920, P0CM16, P0CM17, P0DH91, P11076, P19146, P20606, P22274, P26990, P26991, P36397, P36404, P36405, P36579, P37996, P38116, P40616, P40940, P40945, P40946, P49076, P51643, P51645, P51821, P51822, P51823, P51824, P61204, P61205, P61206, P61207

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

19 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	6
Likely benign	0
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

959 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:202134513:ATGT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202134515:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202134517:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202135146:GCAC:G	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202135147:CA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202135148:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135148:ACC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202135149:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135158:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135218:TTC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202135453:A:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135455:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202135456:CA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202135457:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135457:A:AT	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202135458:C:CG	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135458:CA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135458:CAT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135528:T:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:202135690:C:CA	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135758:AGAGG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
1:202135796:TGTAC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202135799:AC:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202135800:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202135801:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:202135801:CTGG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:202137959:ACTT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202137960:CTTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202137961:TTACA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:202137962:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

1228 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:202135506:C:A	K131N	1.000
1:202135506:C:G	K131N	1.000
1:202135519:A:T	V127D	1.000
1:202137997:C:A	W82C	1.000
1:202137997:C:G	W82C	1.000
1:202137999:A:G	W82R	1.000
1:202137999:A:T	W82R	1.000
1:202138009:G:C	F78L	1.000
1:202138009:G:T	F78L	1.000
1:202138010:A:G	F78S	1.000
1:202138011:A:G	F78L	1.000
1:202138022:C:T	G74E	1.000
1:202138023:C:G	G74R	1.000
1:202138023:C:T	G74R	1.000
1:202138025:C:T	G73E	1.000
1:202138031:T:G	D71A	1.000
1:202138032:C:G	D71H	1.000
1:202138035:A:G	W70R	1.000
1:202138035:A:T	W70R	1.000
1:202138407:G:C	F55L	1.000
1:202138407:G:T	F55L	1.000
1:202138408:A:G	F55S	1.000
1:202138409:A:G	F55L	1.000
1:202138411:C:T	G54D	1.000
1:202138412:C:G	G54R	1.000
1:202144472:G:A	T34I	1.000
1:202144478:C:T	G32D	1.000
1:202144493:C:T	G27E	1.000
1:202144494:C:A	G27W	1.000
1:202144494:C:G	G27R	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000012952 (1:202143582 CCAT>C), RS1000299850 (1:202133299 C>T), RS1000415742 (1:202133576 A>G), RS1000940744 (1:202140481 C>T), RS1001718058 (1:202134700 T>G), RS1001855884 (1:202143932 C>G,T), RS1002069903 (1:202141537 G>A), RS1002446837 (1:202144958 G>A), RS1002521381 (1:202133773 T>C), RS1002720882 (1:202133437 T>C,G), RS1002746119 (1:202136091 G>A), RS1003248652 (1:202145280 G>C), RS1003279925 (1:202145664 G>A,C,T), RS1003570133 (1:202144191 G>A), RS1003632255 (1:202137145 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:616597 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
Tourette syndrome	No Known Disease Relationship	Unknown

Mondo (1): Tourette syndrome (MONDO:0007661)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D005879	Tourette Syndrome	C10.228.140.079.898; C10.228.662.825.800; C10.574.500.850; C16.320.400.820; F03.625.992.850

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

48 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases expression	3
Cyclosporine	increases expression	3
sodium arsenite	affects expression, increases expression	2
Acetaminophen	increases expression	2
Aflatoxin B1	increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
GSK-J4	increases expression	1
bisphenol F	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
2,4,6-tribromophenol	decreases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
bisphenol A	decreases methylation	1
decabromobiphenyl ether	decreases expression	1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate	increases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	increases expression	1
tetrabromobisphenol A	decreases expression	1
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid	increases expression	1
nutlin 3	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether	decreases expression	1
pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100	decreases expression	1
hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153	decreases expression	1
bis-N,N-dimethylamino-2-(N-methylpyrrolyl)methyl cyclopentadienyl titanium (IV)	decreases expression	1
3-(2-hydroxy-4-(2-methylnonan-2-yl)phenyl)cyclohexan-1-ol	increases expression	1
Bortezomib	increases expression	1
Sunitinib	increases expression	1
Air Pollutants	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Cisplatin	increases expression	1
Clozapine	decreases expression	1
Dactinomycin	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Dexamethasone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

183 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00152750	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Study of Clonidine on Sleep Architecture in Children With Tourette’s Syndrome (TS) and Comorbid ADHD
NCT00226824	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Safety Study of Galantamine in Tic Disorders
NCT00241176	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Open Label Trial of Aripiprazole in Children and Adolescents With Tourette’s Disorder
NCT00370838	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Keppra and Clonidine in the Treatment of Tics
NCT01018056	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Developing New Treatments for Tourette Syndrome: Therapeutic Trials With Modulators of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission
NCT01547000	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Guanfacine in Children With Tic Disorders
NCT03239210	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Ondansetron in Obsessive-compulsive and Tic Disorders
NCT00004376	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Guanfacine for Tourette Syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
NCT00206323	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Tourette Syndrome Study.
NCT00206336	PHASE3	COMPLETED	An Open-label Study to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Topiramate in the Treatment of Tourette Syndrome.
NCT00478842	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Pallidal Stimulation and Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
NCT00681863	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Open-label Extension Study of Pramipexole in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome
NCT01501695	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Phase III Study of 5LGr to Treat Tic Disorder
NCT03087201	PHASE3	COMPLETED	CANNAbinoids in the Treatment of TICS (CANNA-TICS)
NCT03487783	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Aripiprazole Oral Solution in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Tourette’s Syndrome
NCT03567291	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Evaluation of Safety and Tolerability of Long-term TEV-50717 (Deutetrabenazine) for Treatment of Tourette Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
NCT03571256	PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Study to Test if TEV-50717 is Effective in Relieving Tics Associated With Tourette Syndrome (TS)
NCT06021522	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	A Study to Evaluate Long-term Safety of Ecopipam Tablets in Children, Adolescents and Adults With Tourette’s Disorder
NCT00004393	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Phase II Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Risperidone in Tourette Syndrome
NCT00004652	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Phase II Pilot Controlled Study of Short Vs Longer Term Pimozide (Orap) Therapy in Tourette Syndrome
NCT00231985	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Behavior Therapy and Psychosocial Therapy for the Treatment of Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder
NCT00311909	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Tourette Syndrome
NCT00529308	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) for Individuals With Tourette’s Syndrome
NCT00558467	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Pramipexole Pilot Phase II Study in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Disorder According to DSM-IV Criteria
NCT01043549	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Posterior Parietal Cortex in Patients Suffering From Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
NCT01133353	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	A Study of the Effectiveness and Safety of Tetrabenazine MR in Pediatric Subjects With Tourette’s Syndrome
NCT01475383	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	Study Evaluating The Safety And Efficacy Of PF-03654746 In Adult Subjects With Tourette’s Syndrome
NCT01647269	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Trial of Bilateral Deep Brain Stimulation to the Globus Pallidus Internum in Tourette Syndrome
NCT01904773	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetic, and Efficacy Study of AZD5213 in Adolescents With Tourette’s Disorder
NCT02102698	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Ecopipam Treatment of Tourette’s Syndrome in Subjects 7-17 Years
NCT02217007	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	A Trial Evaluating the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of SNC-102 in Subjects With Tourette Syndrome
NCT02247206	PHASE2	COMPLETED	VoIP Delivered Behavior Therapy for Tourette Syndrome
NCT02581865	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy Study of NBI-98854 in Adults With Tourette Syndrome
NCT02619084	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Subthalamic Stimulation in Tourette’s Syndrome
NCT02679079	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety and Efficacy Study of NBI-98854 in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome
NCT02879578	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety and Tolerability Study of NBI-98854 for the Treatment of Subjects With Tourette Syndrome
NCT03066193	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Efficacy of a Therapeutic Combination of Dronabinol and PEA for Tourette Syndrome
NCT03247244	PHASE2	TERMINATED	Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis in Tourette Syndrome
NCT03325010	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of NBI-98854 for the Treatment of Pediatric Subjects With Tourette Syndrome
NCT03444038	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Open-Label Safety and Tolerability Study of NBI-98854 for the Treatment of Pediatric Subjects With Tourette Syndrome