ARPP21

Summary

ARPP21 (cAMP regulated phosphoprotein 21, HGNC:16968) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 3p22.3, encoding cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 21 (Q9UBL0). Isoform 2 may act as a competitive inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent enzymes such as calcineurin in neurons.

This gene encodes a cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein. The encoded protein is enriched in the caudate nucleus and cerebellar cortex. A similar protein in mouse may be involved in regulating the effects of dopamine in the basal ganglia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 10777 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Limited, ClinGen)
• GWAS associations: 21
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 121 total — 2 pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001385562

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:16968
Approved symbol	ARPP21
Name	cAMP regulated phosphoprotein 21
Location	3p22.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	ARPP-21, TARPP, R3HDM3
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000172995
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	605488
Entrez	10777

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 57 — 44 protein_coding, 6 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 4 nonsense_mediated_decay, 3 retained_intron

ENST00000187397, ENST00000396481, ENST00000396482, ENST00000412048, ENST00000413378, ENST00000414496, ENST00000417925, ENST00000419330, ENST00000421492, ENST00000425289, ENST00000427542, ENST00000427590, ENST00000428373, ENST00000432450, ENST00000432682, ENST00000434383, ENST00000436702, ENST00000438071, ENST00000438577, ENST00000441454, ENST00000444190, ENST00000446068, ENST00000449196, ENST00000450234, ENST00000452563, ENST00000457165, ENST00000461826, ENST00000462173, ENST00000463970, ENST00000473138, ENST00000474696, ENST00000476052, ENST00000476327, ENST00000481854, ENST00000494494, ENST00000684406, ENST00000909278, ENST00000909279, ENST00000946207, ENST00000946208, ENST00000946209, ENST00000946210, ENST00000946211, ENST00000946212, ENST00000946213, ENST00000946214, ENST00000946215, ENST00000946216, ENST00000946217, ENST00000946218, ENST00000946219, ENST00000946220, ENST00000946221, ENST00000946222, ENST00000946223, ENST00000946224, ENST00000946225

RefSeq mRNA: 49 — MANE Select: NM_001385562 NM_001025068, NM_001025069, NM_001267616, NM_001267617, NM_001267618, NM_001267619, NM_001385484, NM_001385485, NM_001385486, NM_001385487, NM_001385488, NM_001385489, NM_001385490, NM_001385491, NM_001385492, NM_001385495, NM_001385496, NM_001385497, NM_001385517, NM_001385536, NM_001385556, NM_001385558, NM_001385562, NM_001385563, NM_001385564, NM_001385565, NM_001385566, NM_001385567, NM_001385573, NM_001385574, NM_001385576, NM_001385577, NM_001385578, NM_001385580, NM_001385581, NM_001385582, NM_001385584, NM_001385585, NM_001385587, NM_001385588, NM_001385589, NM_001385590, NM_001385591, NM_001385592, NM_001385593, NM_001385594, NM_001385595, NM_016300, NM_198399

CCDS: CCDS2661, CCDS43063, CCDS58823, CCDS58824, CCDS93238

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000684406 — 21 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000491952	35737178	35737362
ENSE00001364970	35679787	35679960
ENSE00001388290	35687739	35687883
ENSE00001592275	35690865	35691005
ENSE00003471000	35743839	35743965
ENSE00003497289	35721605	35721834
ENSE00003542928	35683726	35683815
ENSE00003549587	35682848	35682889
ENSE00003593591	35715439	35715476
ENSE00003621917	35792382	35792530
ENSE00003622980	35739317	35739577
ENSE00003636106	35717298	35717357
ENSE00003639168	35738214	35738318
ENSE00003649279	35706974	35707082
ENSE00003664931	35690081	35690140
ENSE00003665121	35708969	35709070
ENSE00003670101	35689307	35689385
ENSE00003673748	35729303	35729536
ENSE00003794213	35681714	35681880
ENSE00003919931	35639525	35640398
ENSE00003920601	35793701	35794486

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 197 present calls, max score 99.60.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 20.3809 / max 2692.0691, expressed in 306 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (37 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
36011	8.5256	154
36012	3.3139	123
35995	2.5154	156
35981	2.0378	199
36008	0.4906	99
35983	0.3997	95
36013	0.3101	79
35993	0.2984	99
36014	0.2613	41
35980	0.2181	86

Top tissues by expression

284 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	99.60	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	99.45	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	99.43	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	99.41	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	99.26	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	98.86	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	98.85	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	98.84	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	98.53	gold quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	97.94	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	97.86	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	97.86	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	97.33	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	97.18	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	96.93	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	96.72	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	96.43	gold quality
cerebellar vermis	UBERON:0004720	96.36	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	96.05	gold quality
frontal lobe	UBERON:0016525	96.05	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	96.03	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	95.96	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	95.81	gold quality
telencephalon	UBERON:0001893	95.58	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	95.10	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	94.83	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	94.80	gold quality
occipital lobe	UBERON:0002021	94.58	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	94.33	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	94.06	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 12 experiment(s), a significant marker in 11.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-75140	yes	836.60
E-CURD-6	yes	504.32
E-HCAD-5	yes	369.01
E-HCAD-25	yes	87.84
E-HCAD-6	yes	68.05
E-HCAD-35	yes	66.68
E-HCAD-4	yes	41.29
E-CURD-112	yes	37.09
E-MTAB-9067	yes	20.57
E-ANND-3	yes	7.27
E-CURD-122	yes	5.66
E-CURD-79	no	1605.58

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

144 targeting ARPP21, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-188-3P	100.00	68.76	1240
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-4481	100.00	66.42	1669
HSA-MIR-4476	100.00	68.18	2030
HSA-MIR-6876-5P	100.00	67.68	2126
HSA-MIR-200B-3P	100.00	73.31	2693
HSA-MIR-200C-3P	100.00	73.35	2685
HSA-MIR-429	100.00	73.44	2698
HSA-MIR-4533	100.00	69.48	2758
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P	99.99	72.15	2772
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-548P	99.98	72.25	3784
HSA-MIR-4745-5P	99.98	65.95	1028
HSA-MIR-548N	99.98	71.94	4170
HSA-MIR-302E	99.96	70.74	2669
HSA-MIR-4725-3P	99.96	69.53	2520
HSA-MIR-6780B-5P	99.96	69.60	2562
HSA-MIR-2110	99.96	66.68	1930
HSA-MIR-3143	99.93	71.96	3104
HSA-MIR-381-3P	99.93	71.87	2854
HSA-MIR-515-5P	99.92	69.82	2343
HSA-MIR-519E-5P	99.92	69.62	2358
HSA-MIR-300	99.92	71.76	2856
HSA-MIR-205-3P	99.92	69.92	3165
HSA-MIR-10527-5P	99.91	72.28	3754
HSA-MIR-1297	99.91	73.41	3162
HSA-MIR-498-3P	99.91	71.27	1114
HSA-MIR-4493	99.90	66.48	977
HSA-MIR-548E-5P	99.89	72.73	4486

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• Interstitial deletion of 3p22.3p22.2 encompassing ARPP21 and CLASP2 is a potential pathogenic factor for a syndromic form of intellectual disability. (PMID:24127197)
• Mutation analysis of GLT8D1 and ARPP21 genes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients from mainland China. (PMID:31653410)
• Genetic analysis of GLT8D1 and ARPP21 in Australian familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (PMID:33581934)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Arpp21	ENSMUSG00000032503
rattus_norvegicus	Arpp21	ENSRNOG00000008919
drosophila_melanogaster	enc	FBGN0004875
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00022664

Paralogs (2): R3HDM1 (ENSG00000048991), R3HDM2 (ENSG00000179912)

Protein

Protein identifiers

cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 21 — Q9UBL0 (reviewed: Q9UBL0)

Alternative names: Thymocyte cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein

All UniProt accessions (16): Q9UBL0, A0A804HI65, A8K1F3, C9J091, C9J2U3, C9J5R1, C9JD93, C9JI74, C9JQQ6, C9JTF2, C9JTX6, F8WDL2, H7C0P9, H7C1B6, H7C2X8, H7C3J7

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Isoform 2 may act as a competitive inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent enzymes such as calcineurin in neurons.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with CALM1.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm.

Tissue specificity. Isoform 2 is expressed in brain. Isoform 1 is present in immature thymocytes (at protein level).

Post-translational modifications. Phosphorylation at Ser-56 favors interaction with CALM1. Isoform 1 is methylated by CARM1 at Arg-655 in immature thymocytes.

Isoforms (6)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9UBL0-1	1, TARPP	yes
Q9UBL0-2	2, ARPP-21
Q9UBL0-3	3
Q9UBL0-4	4
Q9UBL0-5	5
Q9UBL0-6	6

RefSeq proteins (49): NP_001020239, NP_001020240, NP_001254545, NP_001254546, NP_001254547, NP_001254548, NP_001372413, NP_001372414, NP_001372415, NP_001372416, NP_001372417, NP_001372418, NP_001372419, NP_001372420, NP_001372421, NP_001372424, NP_001372425, NP_001372426, NP_001372446, NP_001372465, NP_001372485, NP_001372487, NP_001372491, NP_001372492, NP_001372493, NP_001372494, NP_001372495, NP_001372496, NP_001372502, NP_001372503, NP_001372505, NP_001372506, NP_001372507, NP_001372509, NP_001372510, NP_001372511, NP_001372513, NP_001372514, NP_001372516, NP_001372517, NP_001372518, NP_001372519, NP_001372520, NP_001372521, NP_001372522, NP_001372523, NP_001372524, NP_057384, NP_938409 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001374	R3H_dom	Domain
IPR024771	SUZ	Domain
IPR036867	R3H_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR051937	R3H_domain_containing	Family

Pfam: PF01424, PF12752

UniProt features (38 total): compositionally biased region 10, modified residue 9, splice variant 8, region of interest 5, domain 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, sequence conflict 1, coiled-coil region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9UBL0-F1	52.34	0.12

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (9): 2, 33, 56, 134, 300, 363, 383, 562, 655

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 172 (showing top): TGCTGCT_MIR15A_MIR16_MIR15B_MIR195_MIR424_MIR497, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GRAESSMANN_RESPONSE_TO_MC_AND_DOXORUBICIN_UP, MEF2_02, HNF1_Q6, CAGCTG_AP4_Q5, CEBPB_01, WTGAAAT_UNKNOWN, GRE_C, chr3p22, TGANTCA_AP1_C, MYOD_Q6, IRF_Q6, AACTTT_UNKNOWN, HNF1_C

GO Biological Process (1): cellular response to heat (GO:0034605)

GO Molecular Function (3): nucleic acid binding (GO:0003676), calmodulin binding (GO:0005516), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (1): cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
binding	2
response to heat	1
cellular response to stress	1
protein binding	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1342 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
ARPP21	ARPP19	P56211	890
ARPP21	PPP1R1B	Q9UD71	833
ARPP21	ENSA	O43768	670
ARPP21	CAMK1	Q14012	637
ARPP21	BCL11B	Q9C0K0	524
ARPP21	PCP4	P48539	520
ARPP21	ADORA2A	P29274	494
ARPP21	DRD1	P21728	483
ARPP21	ANO3	Q9BYT9	461
ARPP21	RASD2	Q96D21	458
ARPP21	GPR88	Q9GZN0	458
ARPP21	CALML4	Q96GE6	458
ARPP21	CALM1	P02593	448
ARPP21	SV2B	Q7L1I2	445
ARPP21	KIAA0930	Q6ICG6	444
ARPP21	CALML6	Q8TD86	444

IntAct

3 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
TERF1	ARPP21	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
TERF2IP	ARPP21	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370

BioGRID (4): ARPP21 (Synthetic Growth Defect), ARPP21 (Affinity Capture-RNA), ARPP21 (Two-hybrid), ARPP21 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0G2JTY4, A0JNC2, A2AQ25, E1BEQ5, O09000, O57539, O70305, O93602, P15336, P16951, P17544, P70365, P97305, Q00969, Q02930, Q12968, Q14157, Q15032, Q15596, Q15788, Q1LY51, Q4PJW2, Q4VCS5, Q5R9C9, Q5SFM8, Q5T5P2, Q5T6F2, Q61026, Q62415, Q6GP15, Q80TM6, Q80X50, Q86YP4, Q8CHY6, Q8IY63, Q8VCB2, Q8VHG2, Q8VHR5, Q8WXI9, Q91VX2

Diamond homologs: A0JNC2, Q15032, Q80TM6, Q8MSX1, Q9DCB4, Q9UBL0, Q9Y2K5, Q5R6X9, Q7M2N1

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
PRKACA	“up-regulates activity”	ARPP21	phosphorylation

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

121 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	2
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	103
Likely benign	5
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (2)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
57769	GRCh38/hg38 3p22.3-22.2(chr3:32322382-36775606)x1	Pathogenic
57770	GRCh38/hg38 3p22.3-22.2(chr3:33062199-36829440)x1	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

4157 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
3:35679784:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:35679785:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679785:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679785:AGGTT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679786:G:GT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679786:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679786:GGT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679786:GGTT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679786:GGTTG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35679921:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
3:35679959:AGGTA:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:35679960:GGTAA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:35679961:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:35679962:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:35681712:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35681713:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35681742:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35681742:ATCT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35681742:ATCTG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35681745:T:TA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35681877:GCAG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
3:35681881:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
3:35681881:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
3:35682829:T:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35682839:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35682840:A:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35682843:T:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35682846:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35682847:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:35683724:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

5565 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
3:35689327:G:C	D143H	1.000
3:35689354:T:C	F152L	1.000
3:35689355:T:C	F152S	1.000
3:35689355:T:G	F152C	1.000
3:35689356:T:A	F152L	1.000
3:35689356:T:G	F152L	1.000
3:35689358:T:C	L153P	1.000
3:35690095:T:C	L167P	1.000
3:35690882:T:C	F188S	1.000
3:35690906:G:C	R196T	1.000
3:35690906:G:T	R196M	1.000
3:35690907:G:C	R196S	1.000
3:35690907:G:T	R196S	1.000
3:35690909:T:A	M197K	1.000
3:35690909:T:C	M197T	1.000
3:35690909:T:G	M197R	1.000
3:35690910:G:A	M197I	1.000
3:35690910:G:C	M197I	1.000
3:35690910:G:T	M197I	1.000
3:35690912:T:C	L198P	1.000
3:35690915:T:A	V199D	1.000
3:35690917:C:G	H200D	1.000
3:35690918:A:G	H200R	1.000
3:35690919:T:A	H200Q	1.000
3:35690919:T:G	H200Q	1.000
3:35690921:G:C	R201P	1.000
3:35690926:G:C	A203P	1.000
3:35690927:C:A	A203E	1.000
3:35690947:C:G	H210D	1.000
3:35690975:T:A	V219D	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000002310 (3:35725769 C>T), RS1000052628 (3:35683504 T>A,C), RS1000063886 (3:35650132 C>T), RS1000082330 (3:35656259 A>G), RS1000086786 (3:35737825 G>A,T), RS1000098981 (3:35768583 G>A,T), RS1000099649 (3:35788243 A>T), RS1000119334 (3:35658833 C>T), RS1000139038 (3:35749771 C>A,T), RS1000152899 (3:35636895 A>G), RS1000191606 (3:35665958 G>C), RS1000198891 (3:35744312 G>C,T), RS1000199723 (3:35655940 C>A,G,T), RS1000251594 (3:35683011 G>A,T), RS1000258926 (3:35784948 C>G,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:605488 | disease phenotypes: MIM:189800, MIM:602440

GenCC curated gene-disease

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Limited	AD

Mondo (4): preeclampsia (MONDO:0005081), prostate cancer (MONDO:0008315), primary ovarian failure (MONDO:0005387), monomelic amyotrophy (MONDO:0011224)

Orphanet (4): Preeclampsia (Orphanet:275555), Familial prostate cancer (Orphanet:1331), Monomelic amyotrophy (Orphanet:65684), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Primary ovarian failure (Orphanet:619)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

21 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000477_39	Cognitive performance	2.000000e-07
GCST000894_1	Entorhinal cortical thickness	6.000000e-08
GCST003123_8	Severe influenza A (H1N1) infection	2.000000e-08
GCST005212_5	Asthma	9.000000e-06
GCST005411_4	Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor activation peptide	9.000000e-07
GCST005830_134	Hand grip strength	2.000000e-09
GCST006269_1183	General cognitive ability	3.000000e-08
GCST006940_92	Neurociticism	1.000000e-11
GCST006941_58	Irritable mood	2.000000e-08
GCST006946_21	Worry too long after an embarrassing experience	1.000000e-12
GCST006946_22	Worry too long after an embarrassing experience	1.000000e-08
GCST006950_50	Feeling worry	7.000000e-09
GCST007325_107	General risk tolerance (MTAG)	2.000000e-10
GCST007709_12	General factor of neuroticism	1.000000e-10
GCST008529_32	Tea consumption	5.000000e-06
GCST009439_13	Age-related cognitive decline (language) (slope of z-scores)	3.000000e-07
GCST009444_2	Age-related cognitive decline (global cognition) (slope of z-scores)	1.000000e-06
GCST010988_135	Adult body size	1.000000e-09
GCST90000047_90	Age at first sexual intercourse	1.000000e-11
GCST90020025_1937	Waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI	5.000000e-11
GCST90020027_168	Waist-hip index	8.000000e-11

EFO canonical traits (13, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0003926	neuropsychological test
EFO:0004840	cortical thickness
EFO:1001488	influenza A (H1N1)
EFO:0006941	grip strength measurement
EFO:0004337	intelligence
EFO:0007660	neuroticism measurement
EFO:0009594	irritability measurement
EFO:0009589	worry measurement
EFO:0008579	risk-taking behaviour
EFO:0010091	tea consumption measurement
EFO:0007710	cognitive decline measurement
EFO:0009749	age at first sexual intercourse measurement
EFO:0007788	BMI-adjusted waist-hip ratio

MeSH disease descriptors (4)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D011225	Pre-Eclampsia	C12.050.703.395.249
D016649	Primary Ovarian Insufficiency	C12.050.351.500.056.630.750; C12.100.250.056.630.750; C19.391.630.750
D011471	Prostatic Neoplasms	C04.588.945.440.770; C12.100.500.260.750; C12.100.500.565.625; C12.200.294.260.750; C12.200.294.565.625; C12.200.758.409.750; C12.900.619.750
C538253	Amyotrophy, monomelic (supp.)

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

16 total (human), top 16 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation, increases methylation	3
bisphenol S	increases expression, increases methylation	2
beauvericin	increases expression	1
pirinixic acid	affects binding, increases activity, increases expression	1
bisphenol A	increases methylation	1
sodium arsenite	affects methylation	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
AM 251	increases expression	1
incobotulinumtoxinA	decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases methylation	1
Cadmium	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Rotenone	decreases expression	1
Testosterone	decreases expression	1
Tretinoin	increases expression	1
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium	decreases expression	1
Cadmium Chloride	decreases expression, increases abundance	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00117546	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Cardiovascular and Autonomic Reactivity in Women With a History of Pre-eclampsia
NCT00567957	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Remifentanil for General Anesthesia in Preeclamptics
NCT01030627	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment Approaches to Preeclampsia
NCT01352234	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Doses of Acetylsalicylic Acid in Women With Previous History of Preeclampsia
NCT01361425	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Anti-Hypertensive Treatment In Stable Pregnant Women With Severe Pre-Eclampsia (Metildopape)
NCT01729468	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Prevention of Pre-eclampsia and SGA by Low-Dose Aspirin in Nulliparous Women With Abnormal First-trimester Uterine Artery Dopplers
NCT01761916	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Clonidine Versus Captopril for Treatment of Postpartum Very High Blood Pressure
NCT01912677	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Oral Antihypertensive Regimens for Management of Hypertension in Pregnancy
NCT02025426	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Phenylephrine Versus Ephedrine in Pre-eclampsia
NCT02091401	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Trial Comparing Treatment With the Springfusor Infusion Pump to the IV Magnesium Sulfate Regimen
NCT02163655	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Diuretics for Postpartum High Blood Pressure in Preeclampsia
NCT02338687	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Low Dose Calcium to Prevent Preeclampsia
NCT02396030	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Different Schemes of Magnesium Sulfate for Preeclampsia
NCT02531490	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Early Vascular Adjustments During Hypertensive Pregnancy
NCT02699827	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Adding MgSO4 to Epidural Levobupivacaine in CS for Patients With Preeclampsia
NCT02835339	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Magnesium Sulfate in Obese Preeclamptics
NCT02891174	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Ibuprofen on Post-partum Blood Pressure in Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
NCT02911701	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Acetaminophen on Postpartum Blood Pressure Control in Preeclampsia With Severe Features
NCT03171480	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Use of Nitrous Oxide Donor for Labor Induction in Women With PreEclampsia
NCT03233880	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Impact of Antichlamydial Treatment on the Rate of Preeclampsia
NCT03237000	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Effect of Administering Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate on Fetal Cardiotocography and Neonatal Outcome in Preeclamptic Patients
NCT03506724	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Response to Anti-hypertensives in Pregnant and Postpartum Patients
NCT03674606	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Trial of Early Screening Test for Pre-eclampsia and Growth Restriction
NCT03735433	PHASE4	TERMINATED	The Effect of Two Aspirin Dosing Strategies for Obese Women at High Risk for Preeclampsia
NCT03824119	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Postpartum NSAIDS and Maternal Hypertension
NCT04051567	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Low-dose Aspirin for Prevention of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Twin Pregnancies
NCT04077853	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Progesterone in Expectantly Managed Early-onset Preeclampsia
NCT04158830	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Aspirin (ASA) Therapy and Preeclampsia Prevention
NCT04424693	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Comparing the Incidence of Preeclampsia Between Pregnant Women Receiving Tdap Vaccinations at Week 28 or at Week 36
NCT04631627	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Early Prediction and Randomised Prevention of Preeclampsia With Low Dose Aspirin in Chinese Cohort
NCT04656665	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	The Effectiveness of Aspirin on Preventing Pre-eclampsia
NCT04797949	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Adherence to Universal Aspirin Compared to Screening Indicated Aspirin for Prevention of Preeclampsia
NCT04908982	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Aspirin for the Prevention of Preeclampsia in Women With Stage 1 Hypertension
NCT05221164	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	162 mg of Aspirin for Prevention of Preeclampsia
NCT05294952	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	co Ihibtory Receptor in Preeclampsia
NCT05514847	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Low Dose Aspirin for Preterm Preeclampsia Preventionmg/day Dose in High-risk Patients
NCT05586373	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Ibuprofen vs Dipyrone After C-section in Preeclampsia
NCT06069102	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Optimal Blood Pressure Treatment Thresholds Postpartum
NCT06107335	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Effect of Albumin Versus Routine Care on Hemodynamic Response and Stability in Patients With Preeclampsia Guided by a Non-invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring System During Cesarean Delivery With Spinal Anesthesia
NCT06281665	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Treatment With Aspirin After Preeclampsia: TAP Trial