BMP8A

Summary

BMP8A (bone morphogenetic protein 8a, HGNC:21650) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p34.3, encoding Bone morphogenetic protein 8A (Q7Z5Y6). Induces cartilage and bone formation.

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. This protein may play a role in development of the reproductive system. This gene may have arose from a gene duplication event and its gene duplicate is also present on chromosome 1.

Source: NCBI Gene 353500 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 15
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 88 total — 1 pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_181809

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:21650
Approved symbol	BMP8A
Name	bone morphogenetic protein 8a
Location	1p34.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	OP-2, Op2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000183682
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	620847
Entrez	353500

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000331593, ENST00000970787

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_181809 NM_181809

CCDS: CCDS437

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000331593 — 7 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001336239	39525649	39529869
ENSE00001384475	39491636	39492325
ENSE00001607987	39511756	39511904
ENSE00001648333	39522403	39522482
ENSE00001663345	39523007	39523117
ENSE00001706380	39521376	39521570
ENSE00001720983	39511174	39511363

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 166 present calls, max score 91.73.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 0.8574 / max 108.5483, expressed in 304 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
2318	0.8086	283
201477	0.0488	18

Top tissues by expression

281 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	91.73	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	90.48	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	89.88	gold quality
periodontal ligament	UBERON:0008266	87.36	gold quality
tibia	UBERON:0000979	80.40	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	79.99	gold quality
spinal cord	UBERON:0002240	78.96	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	76.00	gold quality
olfactory bulb	UBERON:0002264	75.95	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	75.55	gold quality
type B pancreatic cell	CL:0000169	75.13	gold quality
germinal epithelium of ovary	UBERON:0001304	74.81	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	74.69	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	73.78	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	73.69	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	73.40	silver quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	72.94	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	72.55	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	72.44	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	71.58	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	71.43	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	70.77	gold quality
thymus	UBERON:0002370	70.71	silver quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	70.60	gold quality
left uterine tube	UBERON:0001303	70.24	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	70.20	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	70.15	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	70.15	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	70.12	gold quality
midbrain	UBERON:0001891	70.01	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.58
E-CURD-11	no	110.31

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

124 targeting BMP8A, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4533	100.00	69.48	2758
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-1252-5P	100.00	69.80	2774
HSA-MIR-4282	99.99	75.36	6408
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-6793-5P	99.97	65.95	758
HSA-MIR-493-5P	99.96	72.47	2382
HSA-MIR-6721-5P	99.93	68.92	2981
HSA-MIR-1305	99.91	71.43	3443
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P	99.88	66.69	2776
HSA-MIR-30A-3P	99.87	69.74	2928
HSA-MIR-30D-3P	99.87	69.92	2917
HSA-MIR-30E-3P	99.87	69.68	2942
HSA-MIR-4728-5P	99.85	69.39	4718
HSA-MIR-6785-5P	99.82	68.68	4428
HSA-MIR-4307	99.82	70.45	3374
HSA-MIR-6739-5P	99.80	67.87	2806
HSA-MIR-1299	99.77	71.24	2389
HSA-MIR-1273H-5P	99.77	66.32	2471
HSA-MIR-4679	99.76	69.19	1229
HSA-MIR-6764-5P	99.75	67.89	2304
HSA-MIR-6733-5P	99.74	67.94	2759
HSA-MIR-148B-3P	99.74	73.75	1700
HSA-MIR-149-3P	99.72	68.22	3963
HSA-MIR-6779-5P	99.70	65.76	2363
HSA-MIR-30B-3P	99.70	65.76	2325
HSA-MIR-3689A-3P	99.70	65.73	2306
HSA-MIR-3689B-3P	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-3689C	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-6883-5P	99.69	68.05	3785

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 6)

• Authors found that Bmp8a, but not Bmp8b, was expressed predominantly in the neonatal mouse spermatogonia. Although most BMPs induce activation of SMADs 1, 5, and 8 (SMAD1/5/8), but not SMADs 2 and 3 (SMAD2/3), they found that BMP8A induced signaling through both sets of transcription factors. (PMID:28465413)
• Serous BMP8A has Clinical Significance in the Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer and Promotes Thyroid Cancer Cell Progression. (PMID:31656161)
• Human BMP8A suppresses luteinization of rat granulosa cells via the SMAD1/5/8 pathway. (PMID:31940275)
• Bone morphogenetic protein 8A (BMP8) is highly expressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) suggesting a poor prognosis of ccRCC. BMP8 activates Nrf2 regulated reactive oxygen balance, and by regulating the transcription level of TRIM24, it is involved in the regulation of the Wnt pathway to promote the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of ccRCC and the resistance of As2O3. (PMID:32128917)
• Human bone morphogenetic protein 8A promotes expansion and prevents apoptosis of cumulus cells in vitro. (PMID:33338549)
• Recent progress in the biology and physiology of BMP-8a. (PMID:36594156)

Cross-species orthologs

1 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	bmp8a	ENSDARG00000035677

Paralogs (31): TGFB2 (ENSG00000092969), BMP7 (ENSG00000101144), TGFB1 (ENSG00000105329), BMP5 (ENSG00000112175), BMP8B (ENSG00000116985), TGFB3 (ENSG00000119699), INHBA (ENSG00000122641), INHA (ENSG00000123999), BMP4 (ENSG00000125378), BMP2 (ENSG00000125845), GDF5 (ENSG00000125965), GDF1 (ENSG00000130283), BMP15 (ENSG00000130385), GDF15 (ENSG00000130513), GDF11 (ENSG00000135414), MSTN (ENSG00000138379), INHBE (ENSG00000139269), LEFTY2 (ENSG00000143768), GDF7 (ENSG00000143869), BMP3 (ENSG00000152785), BMP6 (ENSG00000153162), GDF6 (ENSG00000156466), NODAL (ENSG00000156574), INHBB (ENSG00000163083), BMP10 (ENSG00000163217), GDF9 (ENSG00000164404), INHBC (ENSG00000175189), GDF3 (ENSG00000184344), LEFTY1 (ENSG00000243709), GDF2 (ENSG00000263761), GDF10 (ENSG00000266524)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Bone morphogenetic protein 8A — Q7Z5Y6 (reviewed: Q7Z5Y6)

All UniProt accessions (1): Q7Z5Y6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Induces cartilage and bone formation. May be the osteoinductive factor responsible for the phenomenon of epithelial osteogenesis. Plays a role in calcium regulation and bone homeostasis. Signaling protein involved in regulation of thermogenesis and energy balance. Proposed to increase the peripheral response of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to adrenergic stimulation while acting centrally in the hypothalamus to increase sympathetic output to BAT. Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays important role in various biological processes, including spermatogenesis, osteogenesis, steroidogenesis as well as regulation of energy balance. Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, BMPR2 phosphorylates and activates BMPR1A. In turn, BMPR1A propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. In addition, activates the SMAD2/3 pathway.

Subunit / interactions. Homodimer; disulfide-linked.

Subcellular location. Secreted.

Similarity. Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_861525* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001111	TGF-b_propeptide	Domain
IPR001839	TGF-b_C	Domain
IPR015615	TGF-beta-like	Family
IPR017948	TGFb_CS	Conserved_site
IPR029034	Cystine-knot_cytokine	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00019, PF00688

UniProt features (11 total): disulfide bond 4, sequence variant 2, glycosylation site 2, signal peptide 1, propeptide 1, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q7Z5Y6-F1	76.87	0.43

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (4): 301–367, 330–399, 334–401, 366

Glycosylation sites (2): 158, 343

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 119 (showing top): GSE45365_CD8A_DC_VS_CD11B_DC_IFNAR_KO_DN, GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD8A_DC_DN, BYSTRYKH_HEMATOPOIESIS_STEM_CELL_FGF3, BENPORATH_ES_WITH_H3K27ME3, CHIARADONNA_NEOPLASTIC_TRANSFORMATION_KRAS_DN, GOBP_CARTILAGE_DEVELOPMENT, KEGG_HEDGEHOG_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_SKELETAL_SYSTEM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_DIETARY_EXCESS, GOBP_INSULIN_SECRETION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_HORMONE_LEVELS, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_PEPTIDE_SECRETION, GOBP_HORMONE_TRANSPORT, GOMF_GROWTH_FACTOR_ACTIVITY, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_LOCALIZATION

GO Biological Process (8): ossification (GO:0001503), diet induced thermogenesis (GO:0002024), cell differentiation (GO:0030154), BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509), negative regulation of insulin secretion (GO:0046676), cartilage development (GO:0051216), energy homeostasis (GO:0097009), developmental process (GO:0032502)

GO Molecular Function (2): cytokine activity (GO:0005125), growth factor activity (GO:0008083)

GO Cellular Component (2): obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), extracellular region (GO:0005576)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
receptor ligand activity	2
multicellular organismal process	1
response to dietary excess	1
adaptive thermogenesis	1
cellular developmental process	1
cellular response to BMP stimulus	1
transforming growth factor beta receptor superfamily signaling pathway	1
insulin secretion	1
negative regulation of protein secretion	1
regulation of insulin secretion	1
negative regulation of peptide hormone secretion	1
skeletal system development	1
animal organ development	1
connective tissue development	1
multicellular organismal-level homeostasis	1
biological_process	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

546 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
BMP8A	BMP7	P18075	882
BMP8A	BMPR2	Q13873	718
BMP8A	BMPR1B	P78366	609
BMP8A	ACVR1	Q04771	601
BMP8A	ACVR2A	P27037	581
BMP8A	CDS1	Q92903	571
BMP8A	ATP10A	O60312	566
BMP8A	MAGEL2	Q9UJ55	548
BMP8A	MKRN3	Q13064	544
BMP8A	ACVR2B	Q13705	536
BMP8A	HTR2C	P28335	497
BMP8A	SCG2	P13521	497
BMP8A	NDN	Q99608	490
BMP8A	OCA2	Q04671	456
BMP8A	SNRPN	P14648	440

IntAct

21 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
Dlg4	BMP8A	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CANX	HLA-A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PI15	GLS	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LY86	TMEM131L	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TMEM87A	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CFC1	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PI15		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GPIHBP1	SAC3D1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PDGFRA	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
PRG2	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SDF2L1	MANBA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1QB	MANBA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TRGV3	MANBA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GGH	MANBA	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LYZL1	MAN2B1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLURP1	MAN2B1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
NXPH3	ACACB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TAFAZZIN	BCKDK	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
BRINP1	HSPA5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
GPC3	PXDNL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (19): BMP8A (Affinity Capture-RNA), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS), BMP8A (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2AJ76, A8T644, A8T650, A8T655, A8T658, A8T662, A8T666, A8T672, A8T677, A8T682, A8T688, A8T695, A8T6A1, A8T6A6, D3Z7H8, O75173, O95450, O95479, P04088, P21709, P29121, P34820, P34821, P55103, P55104, P56201, P59996, P79331, Q0V8J4, Q13219, Q16549, Q5RFQ8, Q60750, Q61139, Q62849, Q6UW60, Q78EH2, Q7Z5Y6, Q80W65, Q8BNJ2

Diamond homologs: A8E7N9, G5EEL5, O08717, O18828, O18830, O19006, O42222, O46564, O46576, O88959, O95390, O95393, O95972, P03970, P07713, P07995, P08476, P09534, P12643, P12644, P12645, P18075, P18331, P20722, P20863, P21274, P21275, P22003, P22004, P22444, P23359, P25703, P27092, P27539, P30884, P30885, P30886, P34820, P34821, P34822

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

88 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	72
Likely benign	8
Benign	1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
58072	GRCh38/hg38 1p34.3-34.2(chr1:39360747-40900817)x3	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

2283 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:39492324:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:39492325:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:39492326:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
1:39511785:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39511786:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39511786:GAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39511900:GGACG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
1:39511901:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
1:39511906:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:39522398:TGCAG:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:39522400:CAGAT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:39522401:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39522401:A:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:39522402:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39522402:GAT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523003:CCAG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:39523004:CAGG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:39523005:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523005:A:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:39523005:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523006:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523006:GG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523006:GGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523006:GGAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523006:GGACT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:39523115:CTGGT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:39523116:TGGT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:39523118:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
1:39523118:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
1:39523121:A:AG	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

2601 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:39522463:T:G	F310C	0.999
1:39523047:G:A	C330Y	0.999
1:39523092:C:T	T345I	0.999
1:39522462:T:C	F310L	0.998
1:39522464:C:A	F310L	0.998
1:39522464:C:G	F310L	0.998
1:39523046:T:A	C330S	0.998
1:39523047:G:C	C330S	0.998
1:39523047:G:T	C330F	0.998
1:39523048:T:G	C330W	0.998
1:39522435:T:A	C301S	0.997
1:39522436:G:C	C301S	0.997
1:39522457:T:A	V308D	0.997
1:39523052:G:T	G332W	0.997
1:39523058:T:A	C334S	0.997
1:39523059:G:C	C334S	0.997
1:39525689:G:A	C367Y	0.997
1:39525785:G:A	C399Y	0.997
1:39522463:T:C	F310S	0.996
1:39523052:G:A	G332R	0.996
1:39523052:G:C	G332R	0.996
1:39523053:G:T	G332V	0.996
1:39523058:T:C	C334R	0.996
1:39523064:T:C	F336L	0.996
1:39523065:T:G	F336C	0.996
1:39523066:C:A	F336L	0.996
1:39523066:C:G	F336L	0.996
1:39525688:T:A	C367S	0.996
1:39525689:G:C	C367S	0.996
1:39525790:T:A	C401S	0.996

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000018830 (1:39528098 T>C,G), RS1000230286 (1:39523285 G>GGT), RS1000240726 (1:39499156 C>T), RS1000283572 (1:39503010 C>T), RS1000305093 (1:39492570 C>A,T), RS1000383973 (1:39502778 T>A), RS1000616159 (1:39501412 T>C), RS1000658300 (1:39526511 G>A), RS1000668441 (1:39501071 G>A,C,T), RS1000828903 (1:39509853 G>A), RS1000832613 (1:39520646 T>C), RS1000870005 (1:39507696 G>A,C,T), RS1000928357 (1:39510094 C>T), RS1001002935 (1:39526749 T>A), RS1001024177 (1:39529580 A>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:620847 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

15 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST004482_15	Peripheral arterial disease (traffic-related air pollution interaction)	2.000000e-08
GCST004482_9	Peripheral arterial disease (traffic-related air pollution interaction)	7.000000e-06
GCST006804_41	Red cell distribution width	4.000000e-14
GCST007611_13	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or high blood pressure (pleiotropy)	7.000000e-09
GCST007656_12	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or resting heart rate (pleiotropy)	3.000000e-11
GCST009305_5	California verbal learning test score	5.000000e-06
GCST010696_14	Cortical thickness (min-P)	9.000000e-12
GCST010697_24	Cortical surface area (min-P)	2.000000e-08
GCST010698_13	Subcortical volume (min-P)	7.000000e-09
GCST010699_109	Brain morphology (min-P)	4.000000e-08
GCST010700_59	Cortical thickness (MOSTest)	8.000000e-10
GCST010701_84	Cortical surface area (MOSTest)	6.000000e-09
GCST010702_174	Subcortical volume (MOSTest)	7.000000e-16
GCST010703_193	Brain morphology (MOSTest)	9.000000e-11
GCST90011900_38	Serum alkaline phosphatase levels	1.000000e-15

EFO canonical traits (6, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007908	traffic air pollution measurement
EFO:0009188	Red cell distribution width
EFO:0004874	memory performance
EFO:0004346	neuroimaging measurement
EFO:0004840	cortical thickness
EFO:0004533	alkaline phosphatase measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

18 total (human), top 18 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation, decreases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
propionaldehyde	increases expression	1
bisphenol A	increases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	increases expression, affects response to substance	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
monomethylarsonous acid	increases expression	1
Irinotecan	increases expression	1
Air Pollutants	increases response to substance	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Atrazine	increases expression	1
Vehicle Emissions	increases response to substance	1
Estradiol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Lipopolysaccharides	affects response to substance, increases expression	1
Quercetin	increases expression	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	decreases expression	1
Urethane	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.