CAMP

Summary

CAMP (cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, HGNC:1472) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 3p21.31, encoding Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (P49913). Antimicrobial protein that is an integral component of the innate immune system.

This gene encodes a member of an antimicrobial peptide family, characterized by a highly conserved N-terminal signal peptide containing a cathelin domain and a structurally variable cationic antimicrobial peptide, which is produced by extracellular proteolysis from the C-terminus. The protein plays an important role in innate immunity defense against viruses. In addition to its antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities, the encoded protein functions in cell chemotaxis, immune mediator induction, and inflammatory response regulation.

Source: NCBI Gene 820 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 13 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_004345

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:1472
Approved symbol	CAMP
Name	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
Location	3p21.31
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	CAP18, FALL39, FALL-39, LL37
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000164047
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	600474
Entrez	820

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000296435, ENST00000652295

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_004345 NM_004345

CCDS: CCDS2762

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000652295 — 4 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001080857	48224354	48224461
ENSE00001080859	48224603	48224674
ENSE00003890771	48223495	48223712
ENSE00003891042	48225293	48225485

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 160 present calls, max score 99.67.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 62.9825 / max 54276.2149, expressed in 215 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
36568	57.7908	95
36566	4.2130	147
36565	0.8031	12
36567	0.1756	4

Top tissues by expression

285 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
trabecular bone tissue	UBERON:0002483	99.67	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	99.59	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	99.38	gold quality
cauda epididymis	UBERON:0004360	99.22	gold quality
corpus epididymis	UBERON:0004359	97.30	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	90.46	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	88.64	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	87.77	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	84.03	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	83.91	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	83.76	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	81.17	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	76.33	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	74.22	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	71.71	silver quality
male germ cell	CL:0000015	71.17	silver quality
sperm	CL:0000019	70.69	gold quality
right lung	UBERON:0002167	70.05	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	69.92	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	69.39	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	69.38	gold quality
adult organism	UBERON:0007023	67.46	gold quality
endometrium epithelium	UBERON:0004811	67.44	gold quality
upper lobe of left lung	UBERON:0008952	67.09	gold quality
caput epididymis	UBERON:0004358	66.76	gold quality
nasal cavity mucosa	UBERON:0001826	66.35	gold quality
upper arm skin	UBERON:0004263	65.97	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	65.69	gold quality
oocyte	CL:0000023	65.23	gold quality
upper lobe of lung	UBERON:0008948	65.23	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 3.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-112	yes	28959.36
E-MTAB-9801	yes	24552.70
E-ANND-3	yes	11.19

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): BCL3, CEBPA, CEBPB, CEBPE, HR, NR0B1, TCF3, VDR, WT1

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• CAP-18 up-regulates 29 genes as well as the expression of chemokines in macrophages and mouse lung, human A549 epithelial cells, and whole human blood, without stimulating the proinflammatory cytokine TNF alpha; and it downregulates another 20 genes. (PMID:12244186)
• study showed the presence of intact cationic antimicrobial protein-18 in sperm, prostasomes and ultracentrifuged seminal plasma; may have an important role in antimicrobial defence during human reproduction (PMID:12351523)
• degradation and inactivation by proteinases of pathogenic bacteria (PMID:12366839)
• high levels are produced in skin in vivo upon wounding; results suggest its C-terminal fragment LL-37 plays a part in wound closure and that its reduction in chronic wounds impairs re-epithelialization and may contribute to their failure to heal (PMID:12603850)
• human cathelicidin (LL-37/hCAP/18) and beta-defensin-2 demonstrated synergistic antimicrobial activity and efficiently killed group B Streptococcus, an important neonatal pathogen. (PMID:12612195)
• human cathelicidin represents an elegant multifunctional effector molecule for innate immune defense of the skin (PMID:12713586)
• human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide-18 in seminal plasma is processed to generate a 38-amino acid antimicrobial peptide ALL-38 by the prostate-derived protease gastricsin when incubated at a pH corresponding to the vaginal pH (PMID:12759353)
• LL37 has a toroidal pore mechanism of lipid bilayer disruption (PMID:12767238)
• LL-37/hCAP-18 is a multifunctional antimicrobial peptide with a central role in innate immunity by linking host defense and inflammation with angiogenesis and arteriogenesis (PMID:12782669)
• antibacterial peptides may modulate the inflammatory responses by recruiting mast cells to inflammation foci and inducing the degranulation as well as prostaglandin production from this cell population–REVIEW (PMID:14561157)
• After secretion onto the skin surface, CAMP is processed by a serine protease-dependent mechanism into multiple novel antimicrobial peptides distinct from the cathelicidin LL-37, with enhanced antimicrobial action. (PMID:14978112)
• Cathelicidin LL-37 induces activation of both the p38 and ERK1/2 kinases in monocytes and epithelial cells. (PMID:15004180)
• Endogenous LL37 may promote interleukin-1 beta processing and release via direct activation of monocyte P2X7 purinoceptors. (PMID:15067080)
• the hydrophobic core of lipid bilayers is perturbed by the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 (PMID:15222757)
• Proteus mirabilis ZapA metalloprotease readily cleaves LL37 and this proteolysis results in significantly reduced bactericidal activity (PMID:15322010)
• Lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid both increased hCAP-18/LL-37 expression in cultured sinus epithelium as assessed by immunohistochemistry, where maximal stimulation occurred at 100 ng ml(-1) lipopolysaccharide or 10 microg ml(-1) lipoteichoic (PMID:15364108)
• identified as component of human trypanosome lytic factor 1 (TLF1) (PMID:15500911)
• cathelicidin is secreted in mammary gland and human milk, has antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and can contribute to the anti-infectious properties of milk (PMID:15531744)
• Effects of neutrophil defensins and hCAP-18/LL-37 on airway epithelial cells. (review) (PMID:15591123)
• hCAP18/LL-37 may promote tumor cell growth in breast cancer (PMID:15609314)
• LL-37 may prevent sepsis and be useful in lower doses for treating sepsis. However, LL-37 appears to have adverse effects when used at higher doses for treating sepsis. (PMID:15645239)
• In contrast to beta-defensin-1 and -2, LL-37 mRNA expression is not detected in neonatal airway epithelial cultures. (PMID:15661923)
• fluorescent bacteria colocalize with cathelicidin in granules both intracellularly and at the cell surface in keratinocytes (PMID:15675959)
• its deficiency in acute myeloid leukemia may be one of the explanations for susceptibility to infection among these patients. (PMID:15717688)
• proteolytic processing may alter the balance between cathelicidin antimicrobial and host immunostimulatory functions (PMID:15778390)
• The human cathelicidin hCAP-18/LL-37 peptide is reviewed in detail in the context of its role in lung physiology and defense. (PMID:15778507)
• ASK1-p38 cascade regulates the innate immunity of the skin by forming an immune barrier consisting of hBD, LL37, and TLR2 during epidermal differentiation. (PMID:15864780)
• results in this study suggest that Neisseria gonorrhoeae may gain a survival advantage in the female genital tract by downregulating LL-37 expression (PMID:15953032)
• Human cathelicidin LL-37 activates normal human keratinocytes to secrete IL-18 (PMID:16034119)
• LL-37 induces keratinocyte migration via heparin-binding-epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated transactivation of the EGF receptor (PMID:16177113)
• Induced-sputum innate immune factor levels discriminate inflammatory changes in cystic fibrosis, COPD, and asthma. (PMID:16236890)
• proposition that the natural human host defense peptide LL-37 plays roles in the delicate balancing of inflammatory responses in homeostasis as well as in combating sepsis induced by certain TLR agonists (PMID:16456005)
• LL-37 not only kills bacteria, but also modulates/suppresses neutrophil apoptosis via the activation of formyl-peptide receptor-like 1 and P2X7 purinergic receptor in bacterial infections. (PMID:16493063)
• reported here that Toll-like receptor activation of macrophages up-regulated expression of the vitamin D receptor and the vitamin D-1-hydroxylase genes, leading to induction of cathelicidin and killing of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis (PMID:16497887)
• role of cathelicidin in host susceptibility to HSV infection (PMID:16630942)
• LL-37 is produced in atherosclerotic lesions, where it may function as an immune modulator by activating adhesion molecule and chemokine expression, thus enhancing innate immunity in atherosclerosis. (PMID:16645154)
• LL-37 is a regulator of the inflammatory process in various inflammatory lung diseases by enhancing IL-8 production. (PMID:16750994)
• Data describe the production and function of the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides LL-37, its precursor hCAP-18 and its ortholog CRAMP in epithelial cells of human and mouse urinary tract, respectively. (PMID:16751768)
• LL-37, released upon triggering of innate immunity, may affect cellular adaptive immunity through interaction with immature dendritic cells. (PMID:16764694)
• Human gingival epithelial cells constitutively express hBD1 and inducibly express hBD2, hBD3, and CAP18 on exposure to A. actinomycetemcomitans. (PMID:16926414)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Camp	ENSMUSG00000038357
rattus_norvegicus	Camp	ENSRNOG00000020733

Protein

Protein identifiers

Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide — P49913 (reviewed: P49913)

Alternative names: 18 kDa cationic antimicrobial protein

All UniProt accessions (3): A0A384NPR0, P49913, J3KNB4

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Antimicrobial protein that is an integral component of the innate immune system. Binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Acts via neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptors to enhance the release of CXCL2. Postsecretory processing generates multiple cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides with various lengths which act as a topical antimicrobial defense in sweat on skin. The unprocessed precursor form, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, inhibits the growth of Gram-negative E.coli and E.aerogenes with efficiencies comparable to that of the mature peptide LL-37 (in vitro). Antimicrobial peptide that is an integral component of the innate immune system. Binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Causes membrane permeabilization by forming transmembrane pores (in vitro). Causes lysis of E.coli. Exhibits antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria such as P.aeruginosa, S.typhimurium, E.aerogenes, E.coli and P.syringae, Gram-positive bacteria such as L.monocytogenes, S.epidermidis, S.pyogenes and S.aureus, as well as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (in vitro). Exhibits antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant S.aureus, P.mirabilis, and C.albicans in low-salt media, but not in media containing 100 mM NaCl (in vitro). Forms chiral supramolecular assemblies with quinolone signal (PQS) molecules of P.aeruginosa, which may lead to interference of bacterial quorum signaling and perturbance of bacterial biofilm formation. May form supramolecular fiber-like assemblies on bacterial membranes. Induces cytokine and chemokine production as well as TNF/TNFA and CSF2/GMCSF production in normal human keratinocytes. Exhibits hemolytic activity against red blood cells. Exhibits antimicrobial activity against E.coli and B.megaterium (in vitro). Acts synergistically with peptides KS-30 and KR-31, killing bacteria such as S.aureus, E.coli and C.albicans at lower concentrations when present together, and maintains activity at increased salt condition. Does not have the ability to stimulate CXCL8/IL8 release from keratinocytes. Poorly active (MIC > 150 uM) against E.coli strain K12. Is able to induce the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF/TNFA or the chemokine CCL2/MCP1. Moderately antibacterial. Moderately antibacterial. Acts synergistically with peptides KR-20 and KR-31, killing bacteria such as S.aureus, E.coli and C.albicans at lower concentrations when present together, and maintain activity at increased salt condition. Does not have the ability to stimulate CXCL8/IL8 release from keratinocytes. Acts synergistically with peptides KS-30 and KR-31, killing bacteria such as S.aureus, E.coli and C.albicans at lower concentrations when present together, and maintain activity at increased salt condition. Does not have the ability to stimulate CXCL8/IL8 release from keratinocytes. Inhibits the growth of E.coli and B.megaterium and exhibits hemolytic activity against human red blood cells.

Subunit / interactions. Monomer, homodimer or homotrimer (in vitro). Oligomerizes as tetra- or hexamer in solution (in vitro).

Subcellular location. Secreted. Vesicle.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in neutrophilic granulocytes (at protein level). Expressed in bone marrow. Expressed in granulocytes (at protein level). Expressed by the eccrine apparatus and secreted into sweat on skin (at protein level). Expressed in bone marrow and testis.

Post-translational modifications. The N-terminus is blocked. Proteolytically cleaved by proteinase PRTN3 into antibacterial peptide LL-37. Proteolytically cleaved by cathepsin CTSG and neutrophil elastase ELANE. Resistant to proteolytic degradation in solution, and when bound to both zwitterionic (mimicking mammalian membranes) and negatively charged membranes (mimicking bacterial membranes). After secretion onto the skin surface, the CAMP gene product is processed by a serine protease-dependent mechanism into multiple novel antimicrobial peptides distinct from and shorter than cathelicidin LL-37, such as peptides KR-20 (residues 151-170), LL-23 (residues 134-156), LL-29 (residues 134-162), KS-30 (residues 141-170), RK-31 (residues 140-170) and FF-33 (residues 138-170). The peptides act synergistically, killing bacteria at lower concentrations when present together, and maintain activity at increased salt condition.

Domain organisation. The cathelin-like domain (CLD), which is the propeptide part, does not seem to exhibit auto-inhibitory function, as it does not inhibit the antibacterial activity of antibacterial peptide LL-37. Undergoes conformational change in the presence of lipid A, transitioning from a random coil to an alpha-helical structure. Residues 17-29 of LL-37 represent the active core of the antimicrobial peptide. Forms ribbon-like fibrils and exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram-positive M.luteus (MIC=22-25 uM) and S.hominis (MIC=39 uM). Also exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram-negative E.coli (MIC=47 uM) and P.fluorescens (MIC=136 uM).

Miscellaneous. The propeptide shows high sequence homology to cathelin, a protein of 96 residues isolated from porcine neutrophils, and is therefore also named cathelin-like domain (CLD). Cathelin was initially classified into the cystatin family of cysteine protease inhibitors based on its inhibitory activity against cathepsin L. Human CLD itself lacks antimicrobial function and does not inhibit the cysteine protease, cathepsin L.

Similarity. Belongs to the cathelicidin family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_004336* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001894	Cathelicidin-like	Family
IPR018216	Cathelicidin_CS	Conserved_site
IPR022746	Cathlecidin_C	Domain
IPR046350	Cystatin_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00666, PF12153

UniProt features (38 total): mutagenesis site 17, peptide 8, strand 4, helix 3, disulfide bond 2, signal peptide 1, propeptide 1, region of interest 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

20 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
5NMN	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	0.95
6S6M	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.35
7NPQ	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.5
5NNK	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.8
7PDC	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.83
4EYC	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
5NNM	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.9
7SAY	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.1
6BIX	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.2
5NNT	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.21
8DEW	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	2.89
6BIV	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.9
2FBS	SOLUTION NMR
2FBU	SOLUTION NMR
2FCG	SOLUTION NMR
2K6O	SOLUTION NMR
2LMF	SOLUTION NMR
2NA3	SOLUTION NMR
5XNG	SOLUTION NMR
5XRX	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P49913-F1	79.74	0.42

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (2): 86–97, 108–125

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (17):

Position	Phenotype
142	slightly increased mic against e.coli k12 (mic=15 compared to mic=5).
142	slightly increased mic against e.coli k12 (mic=25 compared to mic=5).
149	disrupts oligomerization. loss of antimicrobial activity.
150	loss of antimicrobial activity against m.luteus.
151	loss of antimicrobial activity against m.luteus.
151	reduced antimicrobial activity against m.luteus.
151	no impact on antimicrobial activity against m.luteus.
155	no impact on antimicrobial activity against m.luteus.
156	impacts oligomerization. loss of antimicrobial activity.
157	loss of antimicrobial activity against m.luteus.
160	loss of antimicrobial activity against m.luteus.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

4 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-6798695	Neutrophil degranulation
R-HSA-6803157	Antimicrobial peptides
R-HSA-168249	Innate Immune System
R-HSA-168256	Immune System

MSigDB gene sets: 269 (showing top): GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_NITROGEN_COMPOUND, REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_ANTIMICROBIAL_HUMORAL_RESPONSE, GOBP_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_INTERLEUKIN_8_PRODUCTION, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_PEPTIDE, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_LIPID, GOCC_SECRETORY_GRANULE, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_BIOTIC_STIMULUS, GOBP_INSULIN_SECRETION, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_CARBOHYDRATE_STIMULUS, GRAESSMANN_APOPTOSIS_BY_DOXORUBICIN_UP, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_VASCULATURE_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_LOCALIZATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_HORMONE_LEVELS

GO Biological Process (34): innate immune response in mucosa (GO:0002227), prostaglandin production involved in inflammatory response (GO:0002539), positive regulation of antimicrobial humoral response (GO:0002760), positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284), response to glucose (GO:0009749), leukotriene biosynthetic process (GO:0019370), antibacterial humoral response (GO:0019731), cytolysis (GO:0019835), positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production (GO:0032725), positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production (GO:0032731), positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production (GO:0032760), positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus (GO:0035774), neutrophil activation (GO:0042119), defense response to bacterium (GO:0042742), negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066), innate immune response (GO:0045087), positive regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045766), defense response to Gram-negative bacterium (GO:0050829), defense response to Gram-positive bacterium (GO:0050830), obsolete killing by host of symbiont cells (GO:0051873), antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide (GO:0061844), cellular response to lipopolysaccharide (GO:0071222), cellular response to peptidoglycan (GO:0071224), cellular response to interleukin-1 (GO:0071347), cellular response to interleukin-6 (GO:0071354), cellular response to tumor necrosis factor (GO:0071356), cellular response to exogenous dsRNA (GO:0071360), positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production (GO:0071639), positive regulation of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha production (GO:0071642), dentinogenesis (GO:0097187), cellular response to butyrate (GO:1903545), amyloid fibril formation (GO:1990000), immune system process (GO:0002376), defense response (GO:0006952)

GO Molecular Function (2): lipopolysaccharide binding (GO:0001530), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (8): extracellular region (GO:0005576), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), specific granule lumen (GO:0035580), specific granule (GO:0042581), cell projection (GO:0042995), extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), tertiary granule lumen (GO:1904724), vesicle (GO:0031982)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Innate Immune System	2
Immune System	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
defense response to bacterium	3
antimicrobial humoral response	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
mucosal immune response	1
innate immune response	1
arachidonate metabolite production involved in inflammatory response	1
regulation of antimicrobial humoral response	1
positive regulation of response to biotic stimulus	1
positive regulation of humoral immune response	1
positive regulation of defense response	1
positive regulation of response to external stimulus	1
cell population proliferation	1
regulation of cell population proliferation	1
positive regulation of cellular process	1
response to hexose	1
leukotriene metabolic process	1
icosanoid biosynthetic process	1
cellular process	1
positive regulation of cytokine production	1
granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production	1
regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production	1
positive regulation of protein metabolic process	1
interleukin-1 beta production	1
regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	1
positive regulation of interleukin-1 production	1
tumor necrosis factor production	1
regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	1
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production	1
positive regulation of insulin secretion	1
insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	1
regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	1
granulocyte activation	1
defense response	1
response to bacterium	1
apoptotic process	1
regulation of apoptotic process	1
negative regulation of programmed cell death	1
immune response	1
defense response to symbiont	1
angiogenesis	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1988 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CAMP	FPR2	P25090	997
CAMP	ELANE	P08246	983
CAMP	MRGPRX2	Q96LB1	976
CAMP	TLR9	Q9NR96	966
CAMP	MPO	P05164	965
CAMP	GAPDH	P00354	961
CAMP	PRTN3	P15637	952
CAMP	CTSG	P08311	948
CAMP	CXCR2	P25025	939
CAMP	LTF	P02788	937
CAMP	DEFB4A	O15263	921
CAMP	HMGB1	P09429	882
CAMP	DEFB103A	P81534	873
CAMP	DEFB1	P60022	864
CAMP	P2RX7	Q99572	855

IntAct

3 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CAMP	MAPK8	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
KLK10	IGLL5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (15): CAMP (Reconstituted Complex), XOG1 (Reconstituted Complex), CAMP (Reconstituted Complex), CAMP (Reconstituted Complex), CAMP (Reconstituted Complex), CAMP (Affinity Capture-MS), CAMP (Protein-peptide), CAMP (Protein-peptide), CAMP (Affinity Capture-MS), CAMP (Protein-peptide), CAMP (Protein-peptide), CAMP (Affinity Capture-MS), CAMP (Reconstituted Complex), CAMP (Affinity Capture-Western), MAPK8 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1S3PBB7, B6D434, B6S2X0, B6S2X2, O08677, O08692, P01042, P01044, P01045, P08934, P25230, P32195, P33046, P49913, P49928, P49929, P49930, P49931, P49932, P49933, P51437, P54228, P54229, Q1KLX0, Q1KLX1, Q1KLX2, Q1KLX3, Q1KLX4, Q1KLX5, Q1KLX6, Q1KLX7, Q1KLX8, Q1KLX9, Q1KLY0, Q1KLY2, Q1KLY3, Q1KLY4, Q1KLY5, Q1KLY6, Q1KLY7

Diamond homologs: B6D434, B6S2X0, B6S2X2, O08692, P15175, P19660, P19661, P22226, P25230, P26202, P26203, P32194, P32195, P32196, P33046, P49913, P49928, P49929, P49930, P49931, P49932, P49933, P49934, P50415, P51437, P51524, P51525, P54228, P54229, P54230, P56425, P79362, P80054, P82018, Q1KLX0, Q1KLX1, Q1KLX3, Q1KLX4, Q1KLX5, Q1KLX6

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
CAMP	up-regulates	FPR2	binding

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

13 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	7
Likely benign	2
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

457 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
3:48223709:GATG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
3:48223711:TGGTG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48223713:G:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48223713:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
3:48223714:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48224452:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
3:48224456:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
3:48224598:TCCA:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
3:48224601:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224601:AGCT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224601:AGCTG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224602:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224602:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224602:GCT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224602:GCTG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224602:GCTGG:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48224671:TAAGG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48224672:AAGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48224673:AGGTG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48224674:GGTG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48224675:G:C	donor_loss	1.0000
3:48224675:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
3:48225283:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
3:48223708:CGATG:C	donor_gain	0.9900
3:48223709:GATGG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
3:48223710:ATG:A	donor_gain	0.9900
3:48223711:TG:T	donor_gain	0.9900
3:48223712:GG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
3:48224347:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
3:48224352:A:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900

AlphaMissense

1113 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
3:48224387:T:C	F79L	0.990
3:48224389:C:A	F79L	0.990
3:48224389:C:G	F79L	0.990
3:48224388:T:C	F79S	0.985
3:48224448:T:G	F99C	0.983
3:48224388:T:G	F79C	0.981
3:48224615:T:A	C108S	0.979
3:48224616:G:C	C108S	0.979
3:48224400:A:T	E83V	0.975
3:48224447:T:C	F99L	0.974
3:48224449:C:A	F99L	0.974
3:48224449:C:G	F99L	0.974
3:48224441:T:A	C97S	0.972
3:48224442:G:C	C97S	0.972
3:48224408:T:A	C86S	0.966
3:48224409:G:C	C86S	0.966
3:48224408:T:C	C86R	0.965
3:48224398:G:C	K82N	0.962
3:48224398:G:T	K82N	0.962
3:48224621:G:T	G110W	0.962
3:48224401:G:C	E83D	0.959
3:48224401:G:T	E83D	0.959
3:48223681:G:C	R57P	0.956
3:48224459:G:T	G103W	0.955
3:48224615:T:C	C108R	0.953
3:48224441:T:C	C97R	0.952
3:48224460:G:A	G103E	0.952
3:48224443:T:G	C97W	0.949
3:48224442:G:A	C97Y	0.946
3:48224621:G:A	G110R	0.946

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000630674 (3:48225763 G>A), RS1001795751 (3:48223252 A>C,G), RS1002905688 (3:48225710 CTG>C), RS1003641539 (3:48224236 A>G), RS1004600702 (3:48222736 G>T), RS1005696995 (3:48222350 A>G), RS1006271272 (3:48224310 C>A,T), RS1008083340 (3:48223327 C>T), RS1008446659 (3:48223012 T>C), RS1008588901 (3:48222050 A>T), RS1009390293 (3:48225520 C>A,G,T), RS1010600133 (3:48224935 A>G), RS1011388908 (3:48222557 C>T), RS1011442566 (3:48222929 A>G), RS1012779927 (3:48221681 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:600474 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

44 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Calcitriol	increases activity, affects reaction, increases response to substance, affects localization, decreases reaction (+3 more)	7
Lithocholic Acid	increases expression, increases reaction, affects binding, increases activity	3
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, increases expression	2
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
propionaldehyde	decreases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
tobacco tar	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
diallyl disulfide	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
allyl sulfide	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
pentanal	decreases expression	1
calcipotriene	increases expression, increases reaction	1
di-n-butylphosphoric acid	affects expression	1
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester	affects localization, decreases reaction	1
KH 1060	increases expression	1
seocalcitol	increases expression	1
paricalcitol	increases reaction, increases expression	1
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	increases reaction, decreases reaction, increases expression	1
SB 203580	increases expression, increases reaction	1
pterostilbene	increases expression, increases reaction	1
STO 609	affects localization, decreases reaction	1
lithocholic acid acetate	increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects localization, decreases reaction	1
AZD 6244	increases expression, increases reaction	1
tapinarof	decreases reaction, increases expression, increases reaction	1
Resveratrol	increases reaction, decreases reaction, increases expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	decreases expression	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Aldehydes	decreases expression	1
Allergens	decreases expression	1

Cellosaurus cell lines

3 cell lines: 2 cancer cell line, 1 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_E1T0	HAP1 CAMP (-) 1	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_E1T1	HAP1 CAMP (-) 2	Cancer cell line	Male
CVCL_F1P8	HyCyte HEK293 KO-hCAMP	Transformed cell line	Female

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.