CCAT1

Summary

CCAT1 (colon cancer associated transcript 1, HGNC:45128) is a long non-coding RNA gene on chromosome 8q24.21.

This gene produces a long non-coding RNA that promotes tumor formation and is upregulated in colon cancer and other cancer cell types. This transcript may regulate long range chromosomal interactions, including at the Myc oncoprotein locus. This RNA may also function as a molecular sponge for microRNAs.

Source: NCBI Gene 100507056 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 3

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:45128
Approved symbol	CCAT1
Name	colon cancer associated transcript 1
Location	8q24.21
Locus type	RNA, long non-coding
Status	Approved
Aliases	CARLo-5, onco-lncRNA-40
OMIM	617705
Entrez	100507056
RNAcentral	URS000075ADFF — lncRNA, 2795 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 0

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

None — 0 exons

Expression profiles

Top tissues by expression

0 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): MYC

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Long noncoding RNA CCAT1, which could be activated by c-Myc, promotes the progression of gastric carcinoma. (PMID:23143645)
• High CCAT1 expression is associated with metastases in colon cancer. (PMID:23594791)
• A long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), CCAT1-L, is transcribed specifically in human colorectal cancers from a locus 515 kb upstream of MYC. (PMID:24662484)
• High CARLo-5 expression is associated with non-small cell lung cancer. (PMID:25129441)
• CCAT1 is a driver of malignancy, which acts in part through ‘spongeing’ miRNA-218-5p. (PMID:25569100)
• These results indicated that CARLo-5 might serve as a pro-oncogenic lncRNA that promotes proliferation of gastric cancer (PMID:25674211)
• Study validated the role of 2 uncharacterized lncRNAs, onco-lncRNA-3 and onco-lncRNA-12, and a previously reported lncRNA, CCAT1, in S-phase cell cycle across cancer types. (PMID:25864709)
• CCAT1 plays a pivotal role in HCC progression via functioning as let-7 sponge, and implicate the potential application of CCAT1 for the prognosis and treatment of HCC. (PMID:25884472)
• our findings demonstrated that the aberrant expression of CCAT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro. (PMID:26191246)
• High Expression of CCAT1 Regulated by c-Myc is associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (PMID:26225650)
• Long non-coding RNA CARLo-5 expression is associated with disease progression and predicts outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. (PMID:26433964)
• expression of lncRNA CCAT1 was up-regulated in breast cancer and associated with overall survival as well as progression-free survival (PMID:26464701)
• the long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) is transcribed from this superenhancer and is exquisitely sensitive to BET inhibition. (PMID:26752646)
• Increased plasma HOTAIR and CCAT1 could be used as a predictive biomarker for colorectal cancer screening. Combination of HOTAIR and CCAT1 had a higher positive diagnostic rate than HOTAIR or CCAT1 alone. (PMID:26823726)
• The CCAT1/miR-490/hnRNPA1 axis promotes gastric cancer migration, and it may have a possible diagnostic and therapeutic potential in gastric cancer. (PMID:26825578)
• Results showed an upregulation of CCAT1 detected in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. It repressed monocytic differentiation and promoted cell growth by sequestering tumor suppressive miR-155 which expression significantly decrease in AML patients but increases c-myc expression. (PMID:26923190)
• Deregulation of CCAT1 (colon cancer-associated transcript-1), an oncogenic lncRNA, has been documented in different types of malignancy, such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this regard, enforced expression of CCAT1 exerts potent tumorigenic effects by promoting cell proliferation, invasion and migration. [review] (PMID:27134049)
• The expression of CARLo-5 was significantly correlated with the rs6983267 genotype associated with increased susceptibility to endometrial cancer. (PMID:27432114)
• CCAT1 is upregulated in docetaxel-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells; its oncogenic function depends on sponging of let-7c, which releases Bcl-xl, promoting the acquisition of chemoresistance and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotypes (PMID:27566568)
• LncRNA CCAT1 promises to be a novel diagnostic biomarker, therapeutic target, as well as prognostic biomarker in human cancers (PMID:27638771)
• These data demonstrated that lncRNA-CCAT1 promoted glioma cell proliferation via inhibiting miR-410, providing a new insight about the pathogenesis of glioma proliferation. (PMID:27765628)
• CCAT1 could exhibit different regulatory mechanisms in nucleus and cytoplasm, thus regulating SPRY4 and HOXB13 expression and affecting cell proliferation and migration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID:27956498)
• LncRNA CCAT1 promotes the proliferation migration and invasion, and reduces cell apoptosis of SO-RB50 and Y79 cells, probably through negative modulation of miR-218-5p. (PMID:28088735)
• High CCAT1 expression is associated with lung cancer. (PMID:28184029)
• colon cancer-associated transcript 1/miR-490-3p/cyclin-dependent kinase 1 regulatory pathway promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:28381168)
• Livin overexpression not only significantly inhibited RCC cell apoptosis and increased cell viability, but completely reversed the si-CCAT1-mediated repression of cell viability (PMID:28470345)
• CCAT1 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by sponging miR-181b, leading to the de-repression of its endogenous targets FGFR3 and PDGFRalpha, which provides a potential therapeutic target for glioma treatment. (PMID:28475287)
• Findings indicate that colon cancer associated transcript 1 (non-protein coding) (CCAT1) was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells, and was involved in the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma via regulating miR-148a/phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase interacting protein 1 (PIK3IP1) signal pathway. (PMID:28549102)
• The meta-analysis results from present study suggested that increased expression level of CCAT1 was associated with poor prognosis and can serve as an independent biomarker. (PMID:28594897)
• colon cancer-associated transcript-1 knockdown inhibits proliferation and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell cancer cells through enhancing zinc finger protein, X-linked by sponging microRNA-218, elucidating a novel colon cancer-associated transcript-1-microRNA-218-zinc finger protein, X-linked regulatory axis in laryngeal squamous cell cancer and providing a promising therapeutic target for laryngeal cancer (PMID:28631575)
• CCAT1 is a detectable biomarker for gastric cancer tumorigenesis and may be utilized as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator. (PMID:28719351)
• long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) CCAT1 was upregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissues. (PMID:28754469)
• Long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript-1 (lncRNA CCAT1) knockdown significantly slowed cell proliferation rates. (PMID:28777430)
• High expression of CCAT1 and CCAT2 significantly associates with poor RFS and OS. The expression of these two lncRNAs independently, or in combination, serves as important prognostic biomarkers in CRC (PMID:28838211)
• the results of the present study revealed that lncRNA CCAT1 was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues, and that the abnormal expression of lncRNA CCAT1 may increase the progression and metastasis of cervical cancer by affecting cell proliferation, migration and invasion. (PMID:28849215)
• CCAT1 functions as an oncogene in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-152. (PMID:28921383)
• CCAT1/miR-130a-3p axis enhanced cisplatin resistance of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by targeting SOX4, providing potential targets to overcome cisplatin resistance and improve efficacy of chemotherapy for patients with NSCLC (PMID:29020498)
• The expression of lncRNA CCAT1 was closely related to prognosis, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis. We also found that lncRNA CCAT1 could sponge miR-1290 in ovarian cancer. (PMID:29424889)
• LncRNA CCAT1 was highly expressed in preeclampsia and can promote the progression of preeclampsia by inhibiting the expression of CDK4. (PMID:29565477)
• finding proposed a link between CCAT1 polymorphisms with CRC risk as well as different clinical stages (PMID:29666003)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Protein identifiers

Canonical reviewed UniProt: None (reviewed: )

All UniProt accessions (0):

RefSeq proteins (0): (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 0 (showing top):

GO Biological Process (0):

GO Molecular Function (0):

GO Cellular Component (0):

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

0 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

0 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	0
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

0 predictions. Top by Δscore:

AlphaMissense

0 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000111217 (8:127215519 T>G), RS1000203645 (8:127207197 C>G), RS1000575419 (8:127207460 A>G), RS1000694899 (8:127209582 T>C), RS1000962611 (8:127214662 C>T), RS1001072256 (8:127212132 G>A), RS1001101663 (8:127211874 C>A), RS1001390724 (8:127208012 T>C), RS1001685591 (8:127213634 G>C), RS1001794184 (8:127209264 G>A,C,T), RS1002063691 (8:127215028 G>A), RS1002285117 (8:127212595 A>G), RS1002342960 (8:127219738 A>G), RS1002782462 (8:127208039 G>A), RS1002953215 (8:127215087 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:617705 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

3 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST004483_4	Multiple myeloma	4.000000e-11
GCST90020026_749	Hip index	9.000000e-09
GCST90020026_750	Hip index	4.000000e-11

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0008039	BMI-adjusted hip circumference

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 0 entries

CTD chemical–gene interactions

7 total (human), top 7 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	decreases expression	1
cylindrospermopsin	increases expression	1
molibresib	decreases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	increases response to substance, decreases expression	1
Cantharidin	decreases expression	1
Cadmium Chloride	increases expression	1
Particulate Matter	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.