CCL11

Summary

CCL11 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 11, HGNC:10610) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 17q12, encoding Eotaxin (P51671). Chemokine that plays a central role in both allergic and non-allergic inflammatory reactions by inducing the migration of different leukocyte types including eosinophils, basophils, macrophages and dendritic cells.

This antimicrobial gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, displays chemotactic activity for eosinophils, but not mononuclear cells or neutrophils. This eosinophil-specific chemokine is thought to be involved in eosinophilic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma and parasitic infections.

Source: NCBI Gene 6356 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 7
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 25 total
• Phenotypes (HPO): 5
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_002986

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:10610
Approved symbol	CCL11
Name	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11
Location	17q12
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	eotaxin, MGC22554
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000172156
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	601156
Entrez	6356

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding

ENST00000305869

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_002986 NM_002986

CCDS: CCDS11279

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000305869 — 3 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001161398	34287096	34287207
ENSE00001161402	34287585	34288334
ENSE00002700947	34285742	34285884

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 128 present calls, max score 95.31.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 4.7116 / max 2520.8583, expressed in 277 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (1 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
160309	4.7116	277

Top tissues by expression

280 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
pylorus	UBERON:0001166	95.31	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	94.59	gold quality
caecum	UBERON:0001153	91.21	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	90.99	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	90.64	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	89.89	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	86.73	gold quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	86.57	gold quality
sigmoid colon	UBERON:0001159	86.08	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	84.54	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	84.47	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	83.15	gold quality
large intestine	UBERON:0000059	82.08	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	81.97	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	81.72	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	81.40	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	80.77	gold quality
stomach	UBERON:0000945	79.74	gold quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	79.10	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	78.91	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	78.79	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	78.68	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	78.53	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	77.80	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	77.70	gold quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	77.63	gold quality
jejunum	UBERON:0002115	77.05	gold quality
diaphragm	UBERON:0001103	76.67	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	76.46	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	76.16	silver quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-CURD-46	yes	27.85
E-ANND-3	no	2.21

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): AP1, BCL6, ESR1, NFKB1, NFKB, NKX2-1, NR3C1, PPARG, RELA, STAT1, STAT3, STAT6, TBX21

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

38 targeting CCL11, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-190A-3P	100.00	80.35	5520
HSA-MIR-188-3P	100.00	68.76	1240
HSA-MIR-1277-5P	100.00	73.95	5056
HSA-MIR-4283	100.00	66.42	2097
HSA-MIR-3924	100.00	72.09	2394
HSA-MIR-513B-5P	99.99	69.96	2150
HSA-MIR-33A-5P	99.99	68.62	1055
HSA-MIR-33B-5P	99.99	68.58	1062
HSA-MIR-3682-5P	99.93	67.97	1163
HSA-MIR-335-3P	99.93	73.36	4958
HSA-MIR-374A-5P	99.90	71.34	2923
HSA-MIR-374B-5P	99.90	69.98	2734
HSA-MIR-95-5P	99.89	72.17	3973
HSA-MIR-765	99.84	68.24	2442
HSA-MIR-11181-3P	99.75	66.38	2205
HSA-MIR-29B-2-5P	99.67	68.98	1726
HSA-MIR-5584-5P	99.49	68.22	2814
HSA-MIR-4441	99.49	66.56	3216
HSA-MIR-582-5P	99.47	70.79	2635
HSA-MIR-766-5P	99.47	67.91	2225
HSA-MIR-7515	99.31	68.22	1795
HSA-MIR-548AS-3P	99.12	69.12	2294
HSA-MIR-3154	98.94	66.55	1455
HSA-MIR-5006-5P	98.79	66.92	1246
HSA-MIR-6894-5P	98.70	63.78	809
HSA-MIR-1-5P	98.70	68.66	1017
HSA-MIR-216B-3P	98.55	67.19	1223
HSA-MIR-7113-5P	97.88	67.33	1735
HSA-MIR-7154-3P	97.65	65.02	985

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• Eotaxin/CCL11 may down-regulate production of the neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8/CXCL8 by vascular endothelial cells in vivo, acting as a negative regulator of neutrophil recruitment. (PMID:11884459)
• Expression of eotaxin parallels eosinophil accumulation in the vesiculobullous stage of incontinentia pigmenti (PMID:11966763)
• bronchial expression increased in exacerbated chronic bronchitis (PMID:11991282)
• Histamine and serotonin stimulate eotaxin and augment the expression of eotaxin mRNA production by a human lung fibroblast cell line. (PMID:12065904)
• Pretreatment or co-treatment with each of the eotaxins augmented PMAtate-induced superoxide generation, concentration-dependent degranulation of eosinophil peroxidase, & potentiation of A23187-induced degranulation. (PMID:12192108)
• Intradermal injection of CCL11 induces recruitment of eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, and macrophages as well as features of early- and late-phase allergic reactions in atopic and nonatopic volunteers. (PMID:12193745)
• Eotaxin-1 protein and mRNA are synergistically up-regulated in airway fibroblasts from asthmatic and normal subjects by TGF-beta 1 and IL-13 in combination. (PMID:12370400)
• Infiltrating eosinophils that express eotaxin and the changes of blood eotaxin levels during steroid therapy suggest that eotaxin may be associated with idiopathic eosinohilic esophagitis (PMID:12392390)
• results suggest that expression of chemokine receptor 3(CCR3) and its ligand eotaxin/CCL11 plays a role in the recruitment and retention of CD30(+) malignant T cells to the skin (PMID:12393570)
• eosinophil responses mediated by chemokines acting at CCR3 may be regulated by two distinct mechanisms: the antagonistic effects of CXCR3 ligands and the sequestration of CCL11 by CXCR3-expressing cells (PMID:12884299)
• IL-5 and eotaxin are associated with acute exacerbation of asthma. (PMID:12915771)
• Production of Eotaxin by eosinophils already within nasal polyps is likely an important mecahanism by which even more eosinophils may be recruited into the polyp tissue. (PMID:12916705)
• CCL11 is an antimicrobial protein with bacteriocidal activity against E. coli and S. aureus. (PMID:12949249)
• High local levels of eotaxin as present in the blister fluid correspond to the high state of activation of the infiltrated eosinophils in tissue eosinophilia in pemphigoid gestationis (PMID:14725564)
• the two N-terminal motifs of eotaxin must cooperate with other regions to successfully bind and activate CCR3 (PMID:14733956)
• Our results suggest that the polymorphisms of the eotaxin gene family are associated with the susceptibility of asthma and Eotaxin-3 might play the critical role for the recruitment of eosinophils and the maintenance of IgE levels. (PMID:15207712)
• Asthmatics who were vaccinated with a single dose of influenza subunit vaccine showed elevated eotaxin seum levesls. (PMID:15223611)
• Results show that human chondrocytes express eotaxin-1, that its expression is induced by treatment with interleukin-1beta and TNF-alpha, and suggest that it plays an important role in cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis. (PMID:15389872)
• However, In the presence of TNF-alpha, melatonin promoted RANTES melatonin, respectively) expression in a dose dependent manner in A549 cells). (PMID:15537425)
• Cigarette smoke may directly cause the release of IL-8 from HASMC, an effect enhanced by TNF-alpha which is overexpressed in COPD (PMID:16029496)
• Single nucleotide polymorphisms at the CCL11 locus is an important determinant of serum total IgE levels among patients with asthma. (PMID:16461130)
• Eotaxin (CCL11) is a CC chemokine, whose systemic levels might be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and genetic variants predispose to the myocardial infarction (MI). (PMID:16510147)
• mast cell beta-tryptase selectively cleaves asthmatic airway smooth muscle (ASM)-derived eotaxin and RANTES and abrogates their chemotactic activities, thus providing an explanation for the eosinophil paucity in asthmatic ASM bundles (PMID:16517749)
• Eotaxin may up-regulate the expression of VCAM-1 in vessel endothelium and promote adhesion and migration of eosinophils, as a result, to lead to the recurrence of nasal polyps. (PMID:16874958)
• serum expression of eotaxin & IL-5 were significantly increased in patients with strongyloidiasis compared with controls; this rise suggests that selective mediators of the eosinophil can have a role in immunity against S. stercoralis in human infection (PMID:16879311)
• A highly significant association of the newly studied (GAAGGA)(n) hexanucleotide repeat with asthma (p = 3x10(-6)), log(10)TsIgE (p = 0.006) and eotaxin levels (p = 0.004) was observed. (PMID:17220216)
• The expression of Eotaxin-1 and -2 in nasal polyposis and polyps was dramatically higher than in controls. (PMID:17438849)
• Corticosteroid treatment of nasal polyps reduced expression of CCL11. (PMID:17438850)
• The Th2 cytokine IL-4 preferentially stimulated eotaxin expression. IL-4 activated the eotaxin promoter and STAT6 binding to it. (PMID:17541284)
• A significant correlation exists between bronchoalveolar lavage concentration of CCL11 and eosinophils in veterans with sulfur mustard gas-induced pulmonary fibrosis. (PMID:17620002)
• Eotaxin-1 protein levels in colorectal tumours were significantly (P < 0.0001) higher than in normal tissue (PMID:17672898)
• There were significantly greater concentrations of the chemokines CCL3 and CCL11 in plasma of leprosy patients than in non-infected individuals (PMID:17827376)
• This study finding provide a strong evidence that Eotaxin 1 Thr23Thr homozygote has a protective effect on asthma and significantly decreases plasma Eotaxin 1 concentrations in asthmatics in Taiwan. (PMID:17845580)
• Developing lung expresses the eotaxins and functional CCR3 receptor. (PMID:18055844)
• Results suggest that dexamethasone, depending on the exposure duration, can either inhibit or enhance IL-4-induced expression and production of eotaxin in lung fibroblasts. (PMID:18203973)
• the eotaxin gene may play a crucial role in the development of extrinsic Atopic Dermatitis, probably with other genetic factors. (PMID:18312459)
• This study raises the hypothesis that high serum levels of eotaxin predict less radiographic progression in early RA patients. (PMID:18312691)
• Gram-negative bacteria inhibited the release of eotaxin-1 from human airway smooth muscle cells. (PMID:18380907)
• except for IL-6 and eotaxin, CLL B-cells and their normal counterparts produce and secrete similar amounts of cytokines and cytokine receptors in vitro. (PMID:18398743)
• There are elevated concentrations of the chemokines MDC, eotaxin, I-TAC, and MCP-1 in malignant pleural effusions. (PMID:18515987)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	cxcl32b.1	ENSDARG00000071499
mus_musculus	Ccl11	ENSMUSG00000020676
rattus_norvegicus	Ccl11	ENSRNOG00000007335

Paralogs (26): CX3CL1 (ENSG00000006210), CCL26 (ENSG00000006606), CCL22 (ENSG00000102962), CCL17 (ENSG00000102970), CCL24 (ENSG00000106178), CCL7 (ENSG00000108688), CCL2 (ENSG00000108691), CCL8 (ENSG00000108700), CCL1 (ENSG00000108702), CCL20 (ENSG00000115009), CCL25 (ENSG00000131142), CCL21 (ENSG00000137077), XCL1 (ENSG00000143184), XCL2 (ENSG00000143185), CCL19 (ENSG00000172724), CCL13 (ENSG00000181374), CCL5 (ENSG00000271503), CCL23 (ENSG00000274736), CCL16 (ENSG00000275152), CCL4 (ENSG00000275302), CCL18 (ENSG00000275385), CCL15 (ENSG00000275718), CCL4L2 (ENSG00000276070), CCL3L3 (ENSG00000276085), CCL14 (ENSG00000276409), CCL3 (ENSG00000277632)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Eotaxin — P51671 (reviewed: P51671)

Alternative names: C-C motif chemokine 11, Eosinophil chemotactic protein, Small-inducible cytokine A11

All UniProt accessions (2): P51671, Q6I9T4

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Chemokine that plays a central role in both allergic and non-allergic inflammatory reactions by inducing the migration of different leukocyte types including eosinophils, basophils, macrophages and dendritic cells. Exerts its effects primarily by binding to the CCR3 receptor. Induces also chemotaxis of endothelial cells and promotes angiogenesis by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Subcellular location. Secreted.

Post-translational modifications. O-linked glycan consists of a Gal-GalNAc disaccharide which is modified with up to 2 sialic acid residues.

Induction. Induced by TNF, IL1A/interleukin-1 alpha and IFNG/IFN-gamma.

Similarity. Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_002977* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000827	Chemokine_CC_CS	Conserved_site
IPR001811	Chemokine_IL8-like_dom	Domain
IPR036048	Interleukin_8-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR039809	Chemokine_b/g/d	Family

Pfam: PF00048

UniProt features (19 total): strand 7, sequence variant 5, helix 2, disulfide bond 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, glycosylation site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

4 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
7SCS	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.51
1EOT	SOLUTION NMR
2EOT	SOLUTION NMR
2MPM	SOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P51671-F1	87.65	0.64

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Disulfide bonds (2): 32–57, 33–73

Glycosylation sites (1): 94

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

10 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-380108	Chemokine receptors bind chemokines
R-HSA-6785807	Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling
R-HSA-1280215	Cytokine Signaling in Immune system
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction
R-HSA-168256	Immune System
R-HSA-372790	Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-373076	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
R-HSA-375276	Peptide ligand-binding receptors
R-HSA-449147	Signaling by Interleukins
R-HSA-500792	GPCR ligand binding

MSigDB gene sets: 264 (showing top): GOBP_MORPHOGENESIS_OF_AN_EPITHELIUM, MODULE_92, GOBP_EPITHELIUM_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_MAMMARY_GLAND_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_POLYMERIZATION, GOBP_ANTIMICROBIAL_HUMORAL_RESPONSE, GOBP_COGNITION, GOBP_GLAND_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_BEHAVIOR, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_MYELOID_LEUKOCYTE_MIGRATION, GOBP_CELL_CHEMOTAXIS, REACTOME_CYTOKINE_SIGNALING_IN_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, MODULE_255

GO Biological Process (29): positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation (GO:0001938), chronic inflammatory response (GO:0002544), mast cell chemotaxis (GO:0002551), protein phosphorylation (GO:0006468), intracellular calcium ion homeostasis (GO:0006874), chemotaxis (GO:0006935), inflammatory response (GO:0006954), cytoskeleton organization (GO:0007010), actin filament organization (GO:0007015), cell adhesion (GO:0007155), signal transduction (GO:0007165), learning or memory (GO:0007611), regulation of cell shape (GO:0008360), response to radiation (GO:0009314), response to virus (GO:0009615), positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335), positive regulation of actin filament polymerization (GO:0030838), response to interleukin-13 (GO:0035962), positive regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045766), eosinophil chemotaxis (GO:0048245), negative regulation of neurogenesis (GO:0050768), cell chemotaxis (GO:0060326), branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis (GO:0060444), mammary duct terminal end bud growth (GO:0060763), antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide (GO:0061844), chemokine-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0070098), ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070371), response to interleukin-4 (GO:0070670), immune response (GO:0006955)

GO Molecular Function (7): chemokine activity (GO:0008009), CCR3 chemokine receptor binding (GO:0031728), protein dimerization activity (GO:0046983), receptor ligand activity (GO:0048018), CCR chemokine receptor binding (GO:0048020), cytokine activity (GO:0005125), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (2): extracellular region (GO:0005576), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-8 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Peptide ligand-binding receptors	1
Signaling by Interleukins	1
Immune System	1
Signal Transduction	1
GPCR ligand binding	1
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	1
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system	1
Signaling by GPCR	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular process	2
chemokine receptor binding	2
endothelial cell proliferation	1
regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	1
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	1
inflammatory response	1
leukocyte chemotaxis	1
mast cell migration	1
phosphorylation	1
protein modification process	1
intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis	1
calcium ion homeostasis	1
response to chemical	1
taxis	1
defense response	1
organelle organization	1
actin cytoskeleton organization	1
supramolecular fiber organization	1
cell communication	1
signaling	1
regulation of cellular process	1
cellular response to stimulus	1
behavior	1
cognition	1
regulation of cell morphogenesis	1
regulation of biological quality	1
response to abiotic stimulus	1
response to other organism	1
cell migration	1
regulation of cell migration	1
positive regulation of cell motility	1
actin filament polymerization	1
regulation of actin filament polymerization	1
positive regulation of protein polymerization	1
positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization	1
positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization	1
response to cytokine	1
angiogenesis	1
regulation of angiogenesis	1
positive regulation of vasculature development	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

0 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

IntAct

38 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
DPP4	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.620
CCL11	DPP4	psi-mi:“MI:0194”(cleavage reaction)	0.620
CCL11	CCL5	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.560
CCL11	PF4	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.560
CCL11	CXCL12	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.560
CCL5	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.560
PF4	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.560
CCL11	CCR3	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL11	CCL8	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL2	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL13	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL14	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL28	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
XCL1	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL1	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL2	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL3	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL5	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL6	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL9	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL10	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL11	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CXCL14	CCL11	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL11	CCL18	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL11	CCL26	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL11	CCL27	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL11	PF4V1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440
CCL11	CXCL10	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.440

BioGRID (32): CCL11 (Proximity Label-MS), HADHB (Proximity Label-MS), CCL18 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL26 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL27 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL28 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL8 (Reconstituted Complex), CXCL10 (Reconstituted Complex), CXCL12 (Reconstituted Complex), PF4V1 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL11 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL11 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL11 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL11 (Reconstituted Complex), CCL11 (Reconstituted Complex)

ESM2 similar proteins: F5HET8, O00626, O88430, O89093, P08317, P10889, P12850, P13500, P14095, P19874, P28291, P30348, P36925, P42830, P42831, P46653, P49873, P51671, P52203, P55774, P61274, P61275, P78556, P80075, P80098, P80221, P82943, Q03366, Q09141, Q16627, Q5RA36, Q62401, Q68AY9, Q68Y88, Q6W5C0, Q8HYP8, Q8HYP9, Q8I021, Q8MIT7, Q8SQB1

Diamond homologs: F5HET8, O00175, O00585, O00626, O55145, O88430, O97919, P10147, P10148, P10855, P13236, P13500, P13501, P14097, P14844, P16619, P27784, P28291, P28292, P30882, P42831, P46632, P47993, P49873, P50229, P50230, P50231, P51670, P51671, P52203, P55773, P55774, P61274, P61275, P78423, P80075, P80098, P80343, P82943, P97272

SIGNOR signaling

3 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
CCL11	up-regulates	CCR3	binding
NfKb-p65/p50	“up-regulates quantity by expression”	CCL11	“transcriptional regulation”
CCL11	“up-regulates activity”	CCR3	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 28 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Chemokine receptors bind chemokines	17	138.4×	2e-33
Interleukin-10 signaling	5	50.7×	6e-07
G alpha (i) signalling events	15	25.4×	2e-17
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	7	22.6×	3e-07
Peptide ligand-binding receptors	7	22.6×	3e-07
GPCR ligand binding	7	19.5×	6e-07
Signaling by GPCR	7	12.2×	1e-05
GPCR downstream signalling	6	11.3×	1e-04

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	14	162.0×	5e-27
eosinophil chemotaxis	5	130.8×	7e-09
neutrophil chemotaxis	10	102.0×	7e-17
chemotaxis	18	87.4×	4e-30
antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide	15	86.8×	6e-25
cell chemotaxis	7	46.3×	4e-09
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	10	35.0×	4e-12
cell-cell signaling	14	34.8×	2e-17

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

25 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	17
Likely benign	1
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

135 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
17:34287087:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287088:A:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287089:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287094:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287095:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287095:GCTT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287095:GCTTC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287203:GTGAT:G	donor_gain	1.0000
17:34287205:GAT:G	donor_gain	1.0000
17:34287208:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
17:34287580:CACA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
17:34287581:ACAG:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
17:34287582:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
17:34287583:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287583:A:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
17:34287584:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
17:34287090:A:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:34287091:T:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:34287094:A:G	acceptor_loss	0.9900
17:34287095:G:GT	acceptor_loss	0.9900
17:34287095:GC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:34287095:GCT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
17:34287204:TGAT:T	donor_gain	0.9900
17:34287205:GATG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
17:34287206:AT:A	donor_gain	0.9900
17:34287207:TGTA:T	donor_loss	0.9900
17:34287209:TAA:T	donor_loss	0.9900
17:34287210:A:AG	donor_loss	0.9900
17:34287212:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900
17:34287584:GC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

626 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
17:34287636:G:C	W80C	0.980
17:34287636:G:T	W80C	0.980
17:34287587:T:C	F64S	0.971
17:34287587:T:G	F64C	0.947
17:34287634:T:A	W80R	0.947
17:34287634:T:C	W80R	0.947
17:34287188:T:C	C57R	0.900
17:34287188:T:A	C57S	0.893
17:34287189:G:C	C57S	0.893
17:34287613:T:A	C73S	0.892
17:34287614:G:C	C73S	0.892
17:34287141:T:C	I41T	0.878
17:34287153:G:C	R45P	0.859
17:34287586:T:C	F64L	0.858
17:34287588:C:A	F64L	0.858
17:34287588:C:G	F64L	0.858
17:34287616:G:C	A74P	0.858
17:34287593:C:T	T66I	0.857
17:34287646:T:C	S84P	0.845
17:34287204:T:A	V62E	0.844
17:34287613:T:C	C73R	0.843
17:34287637:G:C	V81L	0.839
17:34287637:G:T	V81L	0.839
17:34287614:G:A	C73Y	0.832
17:34287615:T:G	C73W	0.830
17:34287164:T:G	Y49D	0.824
17:34287116:T:A	C33S	0.820
17:34287117:G:C	C33S	0.820
17:34287116:T:C	C33R	0.816
17:34287635:G:T	W80L	0.807

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000218287 (17:34286524 C>T), RS1000320152 (17:34286827 A>G), RS1000554042 (17:34287931 C>A,G,T), RS1000806328 (17:34284845 T>C), RS1000875319 (17:34286190 G>C), RS1002938109 (17:34287960 C>A,T), RS1003275003 (17:34286427 T>A,C), RS1004025888 (17:34284252 T>A), RS1004232441 (17:34284576 G>T), RS1005020240 (17:34288226 A>G), RS1005027626 (17:34285977 C>A,G), RS1005421490 (17:34286494 C>A), RS1006870409 (17:34288669 C>A), RS1007023972 (17:34285747 G>A), RS1007079531 (17:34286013 A>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:601156 | disease phenotypes: MIM:609423, MIM:600807

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): susceptibility to HIV infection (MONDO:0004951), inherited susceptibility to asthma (MONDO:0010940)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

5 total (5 of 5 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000006	Autosomal dominant inheritance
HP:0001426	Non-Mendelian inheritance
HP:0002099	Asthma
HP:0032933	Airway hyperresponsiveness
HP:4000007	Bronchoconstriction

GWAS associations

7 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001438_14	Crohn’s disease	4.000000e-08
GCST001725_28	Inflammatory bowel disease	1.000000e-26
GCST003854_13	Gut microbiota (functional units)	5.000000e-07
GCST003854_15	Gut microbiota (functional units)	6.000000e-07
GCST004131_81	Inflammatory bowel disease	1.000000e-12
GCST004132_101	Crohn’s disease	2.000000e-17
GCST011742_36	Triglyceride levels in HIV infection	9.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (2, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007874	gut microbiome measurement
EFO:0004530	triglyceride measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3286077 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

PharmGKB clinical annotations

1 annotations.

Variant	Type	Level	Drugs	Phenotypes
rs1129844	Toxicity	3	methadone	Opioid-Related Disorders

PharmGKB variants

2 variants.

Variant	Genes	Level	Score	#Clin annots	Drugs
rs1129844	CCL11	3	2.75	1	methadone
rs17809012	CCL11		0.00	0

CTD chemical–gene interactions

66 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Particulate Matter	decreases reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	4
Lipopolysaccharides	decreases reaction, increases expression, increases secretion	3
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	affects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases expression, increases secretion	3
bisphenol A	decreases expression	2
hydroxyhydroquinone	increases expression, affects expression	2
nickel sulfate	affects expression, decreases expression	2
Calcimycin	affects abundance, affects chemical synthesis, increases reaction, affects cotreatment, decreases reaction (+1 more)	2
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, decreases reaction, increases expression, increases secretion (+1 more)	2
Troglitazone	affects reaction, decreases reaction, increases expression, decreases activity	2
Acetylcysteine	decreases reaction, increases expression, decreases expression	2
Vehicle Emissions	decreases reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Dust	affects expression, increases expression	2
Methotrexate	decreases expression	2
Dronabinol	decreases expression	2
Ionomycin	increases secretion, decreases reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
coagulin-L	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
quinone	increases expression	1
fulvic acid	affects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases expression	1
2,5,2’,5’-tetrachlorobiphenyl	decreases expression, increases expression	1
trichostatin A	affects expression, decreases reaction	1
sodium bichromate	affects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases secretion	1
zinc chloride	increases expression	1
3-chlorophenol	increases expression	1
hydroquinone	increases expression	1
catechol	increases expression	1
3,3’,4,5’-tetrahydroxystilbene	decreases expression, decreases secretion	1
acetovanillone	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
prolinedithiocarbamate	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
poractant alfa	increases expression	1
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	decreases reaction, increases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL3293901	Binding	Binding affinity to human recombinant CCL11 by surface plasmon resonance assay	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a unique heparin mimetic hexasaccharide for structure-activity relationship studies. — J Med Chem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.