CD209

gene
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Also known as DC-SIGNhDC-SIGNCDSIGNDC-SIGN1CLEC4L

Summary

CD209 (CD209 molecule, HGNC:1641) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19p13.2, encoding CD209 antigen (Q9NNX6). Pathogen-recognition receptor expressed on the surface of immature dendritic cells (DCs) and involved in initiation of primary immune response.

This gene encodes a C-type lectin that functions in cell adhesion and pathogen recognition. This receptor recognizes a wide range of evolutionarily divergent pathogens with a large impact on public health, including leprosy and tuberculosis mycobacteria, the Ebola, hepatitis C, HIV-1 and Dengue viruses, and the SARS-CoV acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The protein is organized into four distinct domains: a C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain, a flexible tandem-repeat neck domain, a transmembrane region and an N-terminal cytoplasmic domain involved in internalization. This gene is closely related in terms of both sequence and function to a neighboring gene, CLEC4M (Gene ID: 10332), also known as L-SIGN. The two genes differ in viral recognition and expression patterns, with this gene showing high expression on the surface of dendritic cells. Polymorphisms in the neck region are associated with protection from HIV-1 infection, while single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter of this gene are associated with differing resistance and susceptibility to and severity of infectious disease, including rs4804803, which is associated with SARS severity.

Source: NCBI Gene 30835 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 1
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 55 total
  • Druggable target: yes
  • Cancer driver (intOGen): activating (oncogene-like) across 3 cancer types
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_021155

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:1641
Approved symbolCD209
NameCD209 molecule
Location19p13.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesDC-SIGN, hDC-SIGN, CDSIGN, DC-SIGN1, CLEC4L
Ensembl geneENSG00000090659
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM604672
Entrez30835

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 11 — 11 protein_coding

ENST00000204801, ENST00000315591, ENST00000315599, ENST00000354397, ENST00000394161, ENST00000394173, ENST00000593660, ENST00000593821, ENST00000601256, ENST00000601951, ENST00000602261

RefSeq mRNA: 7 — MANE Select: NM_021155 NM_001144893, NM_001144894, NM_001144895, NM_001144896, NM_001144897, NM_001144899, NM_021155

CCDS: CCDS12186, CCDS45949, CCDS45950, CCDS45951, CCDS45952, CCDS59344, CCDS59345

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000315599 — 7 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE0000067147777464607746531
ENSE0000120206777473067747365
ENSE0000172493877455187746087
ENSE0000174754877441077744219
ENSE0000270808277449417745092
ENSE0000310840777474667747534
ENSE0000316165377399937743240

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 188 present calls, max score 83.23.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.7169 / max 101.8958, expressed in 171 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
1788960.3302105
1788930.217276
1788950.139650
1788920.01658
1788940.00793
1788910.00552

Top tissues by expression

280 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002983.23gold quality
superficial temporal arteryUBERON:000161482.82gold quality
deciduaUBERON:000245082.18gold quality
rectumUBERON:000105281.46gold quality
right coronary arteryUBERON:000162580.16gold quality
ileal mucosaUBERON:000033179.41gold quality
jejunal mucosaUBERON:000039979.19gold quality
gall bladderUBERON:000211079.14gold quality
omental fat padUBERON:001041478.17gold quality
peritoneumUBERON:000235878.12gold quality
apex of heartUBERON:000209877.71gold quality
duodenumUBERON:000211477.59gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal regionUBERON:000780877.49gold quality
synovial jointUBERON:000221776.87gold quality
vermiform appendixUBERON:000115476.60gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissueUBERON:000219076.06gold quality
smooth muscle tissueUBERON:000113575.61gold quality
adipose tissueUBERON:000101375.47gold quality
connective tissueUBERON:000238474.65gold quality
small intestineUBERON:000210874.32gold quality
mammary ductUBERON:000176574.25gold quality
caecumUBERON:000115374.17gold quality
layer of synovial tissueUBERON:000761674.01gold quality
parietal pleuraUBERON:000240073.96gold quality
palpebral conjunctivaUBERON:000181273.91gold quality
mucosa of stomachUBERON:000119973.68gold quality
epithelium of mammary glandUBERON:000324473.62gold quality
heart right ventricleUBERON:000208073.60gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582773.58gold quality
placentaUBERON:000198773.55gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes10.39

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): SPI1

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

98 targeting CD209, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-1252-5P100.0069.802774
HSA-MIR-6758-5P100.0066.211470
HSA-MIR-6856-5P100.0065.471298
HSA-MIR-3163100.0077.238605
HSA-MIR-12118100.0065.881270
HSA-MIR-453499.9966.581907
HSA-MIR-607799.9968.042299
HSA-MIR-453199.9969.703181
HSA-MIR-3173-3P99.9866.491217
HSA-MIR-6891-5P99.9866.531372
HSA-MIR-4725-3P99.9669.532520
HSA-MIR-6780B-5P99.9669.602562
HSA-MIR-426799.9666.532368
HSA-MIR-211099.9666.681930
HSA-MIR-808299.9567.271170
HSA-MIR-515-5P99.9269.822343
HSA-MIR-519E-5P99.9269.622358
HSA-MIR-3529-3P99.9073.553045
HSA-MIR-427199.8868.322244
HSA-MIR-612499.8769.783551
HSA-MIR-139-5P99.8069.501399
HSA-MIR-6842-5P99.8067.541587
HSA-MIR-7110-5P99.8067.841712
HSA-MIR-6763-5P99.7664.681767
HSA-MIR-430699.7270.503630
HSA-MIR-379-3P99.6969.601524
HSA-MIR-411-3P99.6969.631524
HSA-MIR-64699.6867.841645
HSA-MIR-3934-5P99.6764.04846
HSA-MIR-320299.6667.702737

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

  • Crystal structures of carbohydrate-recognition domains of DC-SIGN bound to oligosaccharide, in combination with binding studies, reveal that it selectively recognizes endogenous high-mannose oligosaccharides (PMID:11739956)
  • identification of binding sites for intercellular adhesion molecule 3 and HIV-1 (PMID:11799126)
  • DC-SIGN internalizes antigen for presentation to T cells (PMID:11859097)
  • DC-SIGN is specifically expressed on IL-4-treated monocytes and is subjected to a tight regulation by numerous cytokines and growth factors. (PMID:11884427)
  • interactions with ICAM-3 does not promote DC-SIGN mediated HIV-1 transmission (PMID:12021323)
  • carbohydrate/protein recognition profile and other features of DC-SIGN that contribute to the potency of DC to control immunity (PMID:12050176)
  • mediates cellular entry by Ebola virus in cis and in trans (PMID:12050398)
  • role of CD209 as Leishmania amastigote receptor in human cells (PMID:12122001)
  • Review. This article reviews the interaction of DC-SIGN & DC-SIGNR with HIV and Ebola & discusses the mechanism of DC-SIGN-mediated viral transmission. (PMID:12223058)
  • Addition of a single gp120 glycan confers increased binding to dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin and neutralization escape to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (PMID:12239306)
  • DC-SIGN (DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin) was only expressed by CD14(+)CDla(lo) dermal DCs (PMID:12352970)
  • cytomegalovirus envelope glycoprotein B is a viral ligand for DC-SIGN. It extend DC-SIGN implication in virus propagation (PMID:12433371)
  • This cell surface receptor discriminates between Mycobacterium species through selective recognition of the mannose caps on lipoarabinomannan (PMID:12496255)
  • Mycobacteria target DC-SIGN to suppress dendritic cell function (PMID:12515809)
  • DC-SIGN is the major Mycobacterium tuberculosis receptor on human dendritic cells. (PMID:12515819)
  • Expression of DC-SIGN and its ligand, ICAM-3, is found in substantial amounts only in RA synovium, suggesting that their interaction is implicated in the additional activation of synovial macrophages that leads to the production of EMMPRIN and MMP-1. (PMID:12571844)
  • Increased expression of DC-SIGN+IL-12+IL-18+ and CD83+IL-12-IL-18- dendritic cell populations in the colonic mucosa of patients with Crohn’s disease (PMID:12594843)
  • Appears in the decidua of early pregnancy. (PMID:12598322)
  • DC-SIGN may function in pathogen recognition by interaction with the carbohydrate antigens Lex and possibly LDNF, found on important human pathogens, such as schistosomes and the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (PMID:12626400)
  • DC-SIGN is an exquisite pathogen-uptake receptor that captures not only viruses but also fungi. (PMID:12645952)
  • DC-SIGN facilitates capture and accumulation of HIV-1 viral particles in a vesicular compartment and inhibits viral fusion. Competition between CD4 and DC-SIGN for Env binding likely affects virus access to the cytosol and syncytium formation. (PMID:12692233)
  • differential use of DC-SIGN by viral envelope glycoproteins may account for the immunopathogenesis of dengue virus (PMID:12783086)
  • DC-SIGN regulation in monocyte-derived macrophages does not singly predict the transmission potential of HIV in this cell type. (PMID:12960240)
  • DC-SIGN, can function both as an adhesion receptor and as a phagocytic pathogen-recognition receptor [Review] (PMID:14519388)
  • DC-SIGN expression in B-cell lines dramatically enhances viral internalization. (PMID:14576049)
  • DC-SIGN is a receptor for promastigote and amastigote infective stages from both visceral (Leishmania infantum) and New World cutaneous (Leishmania pifanoi) Leishmania species, but not for Leishmania major metacyclic promastigotes. (PMID:14707095)
  • Organization of DC-SIGN in microdomains on the plasma membrane is important for binding and internalization of virus particles, suggesting that these multimolecular assemblies of DC-SIGN act as a docking site for pathogens like HIV-1 to invade the host (PMID:14709546)
  • human DC-SIGN also captures feline immunodeficiency virus via high-affinity (1 nM), Ca(2+)-dependent, D-mannose-inhibited binding to the major envelope glycoprotein, gp95 (PMID:14963164)
  • soluble DC-SIGN bound to gp120-Fc more than 100- and 50-fold better than ICAM-2-Fc and ICAM-3-Fc, respectively. Binding sites are described. (PMID:14970226)
  • the influx or proliferation of DC-SIGN+ immature and mature DCs and L-SIGN+ cells is dynamically regulated (PMID:15111305)
  • data demonstrate for the first time that lectins DC-SIGN and L-SIGN differ in their carbohydrate binding profiles (PMID:15184372)
  • immature DCs owe part of their outstanding Ag-independent T cell stimulatory ability to chemokines and ICAM-1, but not DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin. (PMID:15210758)
  • variations in the DC-SIGN repeat region may have a protective effect on transmission of HIV-1 (PMID:15319853)
  • expressed on dendritic cells; results demonstrate that hepatitis C pseudoviruses captured by L-SIGN+ or DC-SIGN+ cells efficiently transinfect adjacent human liver cells (PMID:15371595)
  • DC-SIGN tetramers are essential for high affinity interactions with pathogens like HIV (PMID:15385553)
  • RNA interference of DC-SIGN expression inhibited the attachment of HIV-1 envelope gp120 in dendritic cells (DCs) negative for DC-SIGN and the transfer of HIV-1 from DCs to T cells. (PMID:15452205)
  • DC-SIGN specifically interacts with clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus and is involved in the initial stages of pulmonary infection as well as in fungal spreading during invasive aspergillosis. (PMID:15494514)
  • extended neck regions stabilize tetramers (PMID:15509576)
  • polymorphism in promoter associated with increased risk for parenteral acquisition of Hiv-1 infection (PMID:15564514)
  • a role for enhanced avidity during DC-SIGN-mediated intercellular adhesion (PMID:15728245)

Cross-species orthologs

32 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_rerioasgr1c.2ENSDARG00000046092
danio_rerioasgrl1ENSDARG00000046142
danio_reriosi:dkey-61f9.1ENSDARG00000070414
danio_rerioasgr1aENSDARG00000095963
danio_reriosi:cabz01007816.2ENSDARG00000102537
danio_rerioasgr1bENSDARG00000103480
danio_reriosi:ch211-283g2.5ENSDARG00000108953
danio_rerioENSDARG00000111755
danio_rerioENSDARG00000112842
mus_musculusCd209aENSMUSG00000031494
mus_musculusCd209dENSMUSG00000031495
mus_musculusCd209cENSMUSG00000040165
mus_musculusCd209eENSMUSG00000040197
mus_musculusCd209bENSMUSG00000065987
rattus_norvegicusCd209dENSRNOG00000001017
rattus_norvegicusCd209eENSRNOG00000028803
rattus_norvegicusClec4mENSRNOG00000029881
rattus_norvegicusCd209aENSRNOG00000040128
rattus_norvegicusCd209cENSRNOG00000042807
rattus_norvegicusCd209al3ENSRNOG00000062811
rattus_norvegicusENSRNOG00000069757
drosophila_melanogastertfcFBGN0035199
drosophila_melanogasterCG14866FBGN0038315
drosophila_melanogasterlectin-46CbFBGN0040092
drosophila_melanogasterlectin-46CaFBGN0040093
drosophila_melanogasterlectin-33AFBGN0040096
drosophila_melanogasterCG34033FBGN0054033
caenorhabditis_elegansclec-87WBGENE00007709
caenorhabditis_elegansclec-91WBGENE00014117
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00016088
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00018692
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00019606

Paralogs (14): FCER2 (ENSG00000104921), CLEC4M (ENSG00000104938), CLEC4A (ENSG00000111729), CD207 (ENSG00000116031), CLEC10A (ENSG00000132514), ASGR1 (ENSG00000141505), CLEC4F (ENSG00000152672), ASGR2 (ENSG00000161944), CLEC4E (ENSG00000166523), CLEC4D (ENSG00000166527), CLEC4G (ENSG00000182566), CLEC17A (ENSG00000187912), CLEC4C (ENSG00000198178), CLEC6A (ENSG00000205846)

Protein

Protein identifiers

CD209 antigenQ9NNX6 (reviewed: Q9NNX6)

Alternative names: C-type lectin domain family 4 member L, Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin 1

All UniProt accessions (4): Q9NNX6, M0QZG5, M0R0P0, X6RB12

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Pathogen-recognition receptor expressed on the surface of immature dendritic cells (DCs) and involved in initiation of primary immune response. Thought to mediate the endocytosis of pathogens which are subsequently degraded in lysosomal compartments. The receptor returns to the cell membrane surface and the pathogen-derived antigens are presented to resting T-cells via MHC class II proteins to initiate the adaptive immune response. On dendritic cells (DCs) it is a high affinity receptor for ICAM2 and ICAM3 by binding to mannose-like carbohydrates. May act as a DC rolling receptor that mediates transendothelial migration of DC presursors from blood to tissues by binding endothelial ICAM2. Forms a first contact between DC and resting T cell, througth ICAM3 binding, facilitating the downstream DC-T cell clustering process and DC-induced proliferation of resting T Cells. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for HIV-1 and HIV-2. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Ebolavirus. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Cytomegalovirus. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for HCV. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Dengue virus. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Measles virus. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Herpes simplex virus 1. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Influenzavirus A. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for SARS-CoV. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Japanese encephalitis virus. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Lassa virus. Acts as an attachment receptor for Marburg virusn. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Respiratory syncytial virus. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Rift valley fever virus and uukuniemi virus. (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for West-nile virus. (Microbial infection) Probably recognizes in a calcium-dependent manner high mannose N-linked oligosaccharides in a variety of bacterial pathogen antigens, including Leishmania pifanoi LPG, Lewis-x antigen in Helicobacter pylori LPS, mannose in Klebsiella pneumonae LPS, di-mannose and tri-mannose in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ManLAM and Lewis-x antigen in Schistosoma mansoni SEA. Recognition of M.tuberculosis by dendritic cells occurs partially via this molecule.

Subunit / interactions. Homotetramer. Interacts with C1QBP; the interaction is indicative for a C1q:C1QBP:CD209 signaling complex. Interacts (via C-type lectin domain) with CEACAM1 (via Lewis X moieties); this interaction is regulated by the glycosylation pattern of CEACAM1 on cell types and regulates contact between dendritic cells and neutrophils. (Microbial infection) Interacts with HIV-1 and HIV-2 gp120. (Microbial infection) Interacts with ebolavirus envelope glycoproteins. (Microbial infection) Interacts with cytomegalovirus gB protein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with HCV E2 protein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with dengue virus major envelope protein E. (Microbial infection) Interacts with measles hemagglutinin. (Microbial infection) Interacts with herpes simplex virus 1 surface proteins. (Microbial infection) Interacts with Influenzavirus A hemagglutinin. (Microbial infection) Interacts with SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with Japanese encephalitis virus E protein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with Lassa virus Glycoprotein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with marburg virus glycoprotein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with Respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein G. (Microbial infection) Interacts with Rift valley fever virus and uukuniemi virus envelope glycoprotein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with west-nile virus envelope glycoprotein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with whole M.bovis cells in a Ca(2+)-dependent and independent manner; in vitro experiments suggest it interacts with CH60.1 (groL1), DnaK, GADPH (gap) and LrpG.

Subcellular location. Membrane raft Cell membrane Cell membrane Cell membrane Cell membrane Secreted Secreted Secreted Secreted Secreted Secreted Secreted.

Tissue specificity. Predominantly expressed in dendritic cells and in DC-residing tissues. Also found in placental macrophages, endothelial cells of placental vascular channels, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and THP-1 monocytes.

Domain organisation. The tandem repeat domain, also called neck domain, mediates oligomerization.

Polymorphism. Genetic variations in the CD209 promoter determine M.tuberculosis susceptibility [MIM:607948]. Genetic variations in CD209 may influence susceptibility or resistance to dengue virus infection, as well as disease progression and severity [MIM:614371]. A promoter polymorphism in the CD209 gene is associated with protection from dengue fever, but not dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Miscellaneous. In vitro, is a receptor for HIV-1 and transmits HIV-1 either in trans without DC infection, or in cis following a DC infection to permissive T-cells to induce a robust infection. Bound HIV-1 remains infectious over a prolonged period of time and it is proposed that bound HIV-1 is not degraded but protected in non-lysosomal acidic organelles within the DCs close to the cell membrane thus contributing to the HIV-1 infectious potential during transport by DCs from the periphery to lymphoid organs. May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

Isoforms (12)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q9NNX6-11, mDC-SIGN1A type Iyes
Q9NNX6-22, mDC-SIGN1A type II
Q9NNX6-33, mDC-SIGN1A type III
Q9NNX6-44, mDC-SIGN1A type IV
Q9NNX6-55, mDC-SIGN1B type I
Q9NNX6-66, sDC-SIGN1A type I
Q9NNX6-77, sDC-SIGN1A type II
Q9NNX6-88, sDC-SIGN1A type III
Q9NNX6-99, sDC-SIGN1A type IV
Q9NNX6-1010, sDC-SIGN1B type I
Q9NNX6-1111, sDC-SIGN1B type II
Q9NNX6-1212, sDC-SIGN1B type III

RefSeq proteins (7): NP_001138365, NP_001138366, NP_001138367, NP_001138368, NP_001138369, NP_001138371, NP_066978* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR001304C-type_lectin-likeDomain
IPR016186C-type_lectin-like/link_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR016187CTDL_foldHomologous_superfamily
IPR018378C-type_lectin_CSConserved_site
IPR033989CD209-like_CTLDDomain
IPR050111C-type_lectin/snaclec_domainFamily

Pfam: PF00059

UniProt features (63 total): splice variant 12, mutagenesis site 9, repeat 7, strand 7, binding site 6, sequence variant 4, short sequence motif 3, disulfide bond 3, helix 3, topological domain 2, chain 1, domain 1, region of interest 1, transmembrane region 1, glycosylation site 1, sequence conflict 1, turn 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

14 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
2XR6X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.35
2XR5X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.42
1SL4X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.55
1SL5X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.8
9EMQX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.8
9EMRX-RAY DIFFRACTION1.9
2IT6X-RAY DIFFRACTION1.95
6GHVX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.1
7NL7X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.1
7NL6X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.2
2IT5X-RAY DIFFRACTION2.4
1K9IX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.5
9EMSX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.9
2B6BELECTRON MICROSCOPY25

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9NNX6-F171.950.25

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (6): 347; 349; 351; 354; 365; 366

Disulfide bonds (3): 256–267, 284–377, 356–369

Glycosylation sites (1): 80

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (9):

PositionPhenotype
14–15loss of antigen internalization by endocytosis.
320loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.
324loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.
347loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.
349loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.
350loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.
355loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.
365loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.
366loss of binding to icam3 and hiv-1 gp120.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

12 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-5621575CD209 (DC-SIGN) signaling
R-HSA-8851680Butyrophilin (BTN) family interactions
R-HSA-9833110RSV-host interactions
R-HSA-9918485Dengue Virus Attachment and Entry
R-HSA-1280218Adaptive Immune System
R-HSA-1643685Disease
R-HSA-168249Innate Immune System
R-HSA-168256Immune System
R-HSA-5621481C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)
R-HSA-5663205Infectious disease
R-HSA-9820952Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Pathway
R-HSA-9824446Viral Infection Pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 211 (showing top): GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_ACTIVATION, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_LEUKOCYTE_PROLIFERATION, REACTOME_INNATE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_HETEROPHILIC_CELL_CELL_ADHESION, GOBP_DENDRITIC_CELL_MIGRATION, MCLACHLAN_DENTAL_CARIES_UP, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_A_UP, GOCC_CELL_SURFACE, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, GOBP_ANTIGEN_PROCESSING_AND_PRESENTATION_OF_PEPTIDE_ANTIGEN, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_CELL_ADHESION, GOBP_POSITIVE_REGULATION_OF_LEUKOCYTE_PROLIFERATION, GOBP_CELL_CELL_ADHESION, GOBP_LEUKOCYTE_MIGRATION

GO Biological Process (22): adaptive immune response (GO:0002250), endocytosis (GO:0006897), immune response (GO:0006955), heterophilic cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007157), leukocyte cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007159), cell-cell recognition (GO:0009988), virion attachment to host cell (GO:0019062), viral genome replication (GO:0019079), antigen processing and presentation (GO:0019882), immature T cell proliferation (GO:0033079), intracellular signal transduction (GO:0035556), dendritic cell migration (GO:0036336), positive regulation of T cell proliferation (GO:0042102), regulation of T cell proliferation (GO:0042129), innate immune response (GO:0045087), symbiont entry into host cell (GO:0046718), peptide antigen transport (GO:0046968), intracellular transport of virus (GO:0075733), B cell adhesion (GO:0097323), positive regulation of viral life cycle (GO:1903902), immune system process (GO:0002376), cell adhesion (GO:0007155)

GO Molecular Function (9): virus receptor activity (GO:0001618), cell adhesion receptor activity (GO:0004895), D-mannose binding (GO:0005537), carbohydrate binding (GO:0030246), pattern recognition receptor activity (GO:0038187), peptide antigen binding (GO:0042605), virion binding (GO:0046790), metal ion binding (GO:0046872), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): extracellular region (GO:0005576), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), external side of plasma membrane (GO:0009897), cell surface (GO:0009986), membrane (GO:0016020), host cell (GO:0043657)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-9 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Immune System2
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)1
Adaptive Immune System1
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Pathway1
Dengue Virus Infection1
Innate Immune System1
Disease1
Viral Infection Pathways1
Infectious disease1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
viral life cycle5
cellular anatomical structure4
T cell proliferation3
immune response2
immune system process2
cell-cell adhesion2
intracellular anatomical structure2
signaling receptor activity2
binding2
vesicle budding from membrane1
membrane invagination1
vesicle-mediated transport1
import into cell1
response to stimulus1
cell recognition1
adhesion of symbiont to host cell1
virion binding1
host cell surface binding1
viral process1
signal transduction1
mononuclear cell migration1
regulation of T cell proliferation1
positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation1
positive regulation of T cell activation1
regulation of lymphocyte proliferation1
regulation of T cell activation1
defense response to symbiont1
symbiont entry into host1
peptide transport1
antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen1
host cell1
biological process involved in symbiotic interaction1
transport of virus1
leukocyte cell-cell adhesion1
positive regulation of viral process1
regulation of viral life cycle1
symbiont entry into host cell1
exogenous protein binding1
cell adhesion mediator activity1
monosaccharide binding1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1928 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
CD209ICAM3P32942999
CD209ITIH4Q14624998
CD209ICAM2P13598991
CD209ERVW-1Q9UQF0975
CD209MUC1P13931965
CD209ITGAMP11215960
CD209CLEC4MQ9H2X3920
CD209ICAM1P05362893
CD209CEACAM5P06731887
CD209LSP1P33241885
CD209LY75O60449866
CD209CD1CP29017853
CD209ENPEPQ07075841
CD209MBL2P11226834
CD209CD4P01730812

IntAct

29 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
SCD209psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.850
CD209Spsi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.850
SCD209psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.850
CD209VAC14psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
VAC14CD209psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.670
CD209psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.540
CD209psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.540
FAM217BNCK2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
CD209slpApsi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.440
CD209psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.440
CD209ICAM3psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.440
CD209CEACAM1psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.440
SCD209psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
LECT2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.400
CD209NCK2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
CD209HMGCRpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350

BioGRID (51): VAC14 (Two-hybrid), CD209 (Affinity Capture-MS), CLEC4M (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF703 (Affinity Capture-MS), HMGCR (Affinity Capture-MS), HTR1B (Affinity Capture-MS), KLHL26 (Affinity Capture-MS), CLEC4M (Affinity Capture-MS), CD209 (Affinity Capture-MS), HTR1B (Affinity Capture-MS), HMGCR (Affinity Capture-MS), ZNF703 (Affinity Capture-MS), CD209 (Two-hybrid), S (Reconstituted Complex), VAC14 (Two-hybrid)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A087WUL8, A0A0J9YX57, A0A1B0GV03, A2A6M5, A2A9R3, A5A3E0, A6NEF3, A6NI86, A8MZA4, B4DH59, B5DUH6, D3ZVV1, E9Q0N2, H0YKK7, H0YM25, O04492, O18737, P0C6Y7, P0CG38, P0CG39, P0DPF3, P0DX00, P0DX01, P0DX02, Q3BBV2, Q4R914, Q5TAG4, Q5TI25, Q5W0A0, Q6P3W6, Q6RI63, Q6S8J3, Q86T75, Q86X53, Q8HXZ7, Q8HXZ8, Q8HY00, Q8HY01, Q8HY03, Q8HY11

Diamond homologs: A5PMY6, A6QP79, D3ZWT9, O14594, P02706, P02707, P05451, P06734, P07306, P07307, P07897, P07898, P08290, P08661, P10716, P10758, P11226, P13608, P13611, P16112, P19999, P20693, P22897, P24721, P34927, P41317, P43137, P48304, P49300, P49301, P55066, P55067, P60883, P70194, P81282, P82596, P86854, Q28343, Q28670, Q29011

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

AEffectBMechanism
S“up-regulates activity”CD209binding

Disease & clinical

Cancer significance

From intOGen — cancer-driver classification: activating (oncogene-like) across 3 cancer types — BRCA, LUSC, STAD.

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

55 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance32
Likely benign10
Benign5

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

836 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
19:7745510:ATACT:Adonor_loss1.0000
19:7745511:TACT:Tdonor_loss1.0000
19:7745512:AC:Adonor_loss1.0000
19:7745513:CT:Cdonor_loss1.0000
19:7745514:T:TAdonor_loss1.0000
19:7745515:CA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
19:7745516:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
19:7745516:AC:Adonor_gain1.0000
19:7745517:C:CAdonor_loss1.0000
19:7745517:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
19:7745517:CC:Cdonor_gain1.0000
19:7745517:CCCA:Cdonor_gain1.0000
19:7746086:CA:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
19:7746087:ACT:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
19:7746088:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
19:7746089:T:Gacceptor_loss1.0000
19:7745509:GATAC:Gdonor_loss0.9900
19:7745514:TCACC:Tdonor_gain0.9900
19:7745515:CACCC:Cdonor_gain0.9900
19:7745516:ACC:Adonor_gain0.9900
19:7745516:ACCCA:Adonor_gain0.9900
19:7745517:CCC:Cdonor_gain0.9900
19:7745517:CCCAC:Cdonor_gain0.9900
19:7746083:GGACA:Gacceptor_gain0.9900
19:7746084:GACA:Gacceptor_gain0.9900
19:7746085:ACA:Aacceptor_gain0.9900
19:7746086:CAC:Cacceptor_gain0.9900
19:7746094:C:CTacceptor_gain0.9900
19:7746094:C:Tacceptor_gain0.9900
19:7746095:A:Tacceptor_gain0.9900

AlphaMissense

2617 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
19:7743162:C:AW364C0.995
19:7743162:C:GW364C0.995
19:7743164:A:GW364R0.995
19:7743164:A:TW364R0.995
19:7743225:C:AW343C0.993
19:7743225:C:GW343C0.993
19:7744990:C:TC284Y0.992
19:7745061:C:AW260C0.992
19:7745061:C:GW260C0.992
19:7744133:C:AW329C0.991
19:7744133:C:GW329C0.991
19:7743124:C:GC377S0.990
19:7743125:A:TC377S0.990
19:7744175:C:AW315C0.990
19:7744175:C:GW315C0.990
19:7744990:C:GC284S0.990
19:7744991:A:TC284S0.990
19:7743124:C:TC377Y0.989
19:7744989:G:CC284W0.988
19:7744139:C:AW327C0.987
19:7744139:C:GW327C0.987
19:7744991:A:GC284R0.987
19:7745063:A:GW260R0.987
19:7745063:A:TW260R0.987
19:7743125:A:GC377R0.986
19:7743148:C:GC369S0.986
19:7743149:A:TC369S0.986
19:7743187:C:GC356S0.985
19:7743188:A:TC356S0.985
19:7744135:A:GW329R0.985

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000176268 (19:7746584 C>T), RS1000615810 (19:7742705 A>G), RS1000683602 (19:7745077 G>A,C), RS1001617290 (19:7743868 C>T), RS1001680981 (19:7743361 C>G), RS1001835178 (19:7748975 G>A), RS1002651304 (19:7744751 A>C), RS1002790776 (19:7743554 A>G), RS1003686123 (19:7745762 C>G,T), RS1003743319 (19:7742057 G>A), RS1004027727 (19:7748106 C>T), RS1004394238 (19:7744375 G>A), RS1004477152 (19:7740424 A>G,T), RS1004657417 (19:7747234 C>A,G,T), RS1004691573 (19:7746939 C>A,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604672 | disease phenotypes: MIM:609423, MIM:614371

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): susceptibility to HIV infection (MONDO:0004951), dengue virus, susceptibility to (MONDO:0013713)

Orphanet (1): Dengue fever (Orphanet:99828)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST006585_2899Blood protein levels2.000000e-35

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL1795114 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

GtoPdb / IUPHAR curated pharmacology

(IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — expert-curated)

Target class: other protein — C-type lectin-like receptors (CLRs)

ChEMBL bioactivities

6 potent at pChembl≥5 of 16 total, top 6 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChemblTypeValueUnitMolecule
6.78Kd166nMCHEMBL5560458
6.51IC50310nMCHEMBL4289617
6.16Kd692nMCHEMBL6174105
6.12Kd764nMCHEMBL5562846
5.70Kd2000nMCHEMBL1503347
5.64Kd2310nMCHEMBL6150919

PubChem BioAssay actives

4 with measured affinity, of 82 total; 4 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

CompoundAssayTypeValueUnit
(4S)-4-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-acetamido-3-[1-[2-[2-[2-[[1-[2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyethyl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-3-yl]sulfanylpropanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-amino-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-5-amino-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-amino-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-5-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid2080412: Binding affinity to human DC-SIGN CRD (264 to 399 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells assessed as dissociation constant by SPR analysiskd0.1660uM
4-[3-[3-oxo-6-(4-pyridin-4-ylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)-2,4-dihydro-1H-quinoxalin-2-yl]propyl]benzenesulfonamide1418327: Inhibition of DC-SIGN (unknown origin) after 1 hr by fluorescence analysisic500.3100uM
(4S)-4-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-5-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2R)-1-amino-3-[1-[2-[2-[2-[[1-[2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyethyl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-3-yl]sulfanyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid2080412: Binding affinity to human DC-SIGN CRD (264 to 399 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells assessed as dissociation constant by SPR analysiskd0.7640uM
7-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl]-3-[(2-methylphenyl)methylsulfanylmethyl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinoxalin-2-one1571764: Binding affinity to human DC-SIGN ECD expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) after 1 hr by Man-Fl-BSA assaykd2.0000uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

24 total (human), top 24 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
aristolochic acid Iincreases expression1
deoxynivalenoldecreases expression1
sodium arseniteaffects cotreatment, decreases reaction, increases expression1
ferrous chlorideincreases expression1
nivalenoldecreases expression1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteineaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
15-acetyldeoxynivalenoldecreases expression1
CGP 52608affects binding, increases reaction1
FSL-1 lipoprotein, syntheticincreases expression, decreases reaction1
BH30sucManaffects activity1
bisphenol Sincreases methylation1
Resveratroldecreases reaction, increases expression, decreases expression1
Air Pollutantsincreases expression1
Cadmiumincreases expression1
Succimerincreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Leadincreases expression1
Lipopolysaccharidesaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
Methotrexatedecreases expression1
Nickelincreases expression1
Phthalic Acidsdecreases methylation1
Ziramincreases expression1
Asbestos, Serpentinedecreases expression1
Zinc Sulfateincreases expression1
Magnetite Nanoparticlesincreases expression, affects cotreatment1

ChEMBL screening assays

21 unique, capped per target: 21 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL1805238BindingBinding affinity to Fc-IgG-tagged DC-SIGN carbohydrate recognizing domain at 1 mMFimH antagonists for the oral treatment of urinary tract infections: from design and synthesis to in vitro and in vivo evaluation. — J Med Chem

Cellosaurus cell lines

11 cell lines: 10 cancer cell line, 1 spontaneously immortalized cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_0R20B-THP-1/DC-SIGNCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_0R21THP-1/DC-SIGNCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_0R22Raji/DC-SIGNCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_0R23NIH 3T3/DC-SIGNSpontaneously immortalized cell lineMale
CVCL_0R26THP-1(NCI)/DC-SIGNCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_2Z95U937-DC-SIGNCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_B8CWAbcam HCT 116 CD209 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_B8TLAbcam MCF-7 CD209 KOCancer cell lineFemale
CVCL_B9F4Abcam A-549 CD209 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_S546Ramos/DC-SIGNCancer cell lineMale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.