CD2BP2

gene
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Also known as LIN1Snu40PPP1R59U5-52K

Summary

CD2BP2 (CD2 cytoplasmic tail binding protein 2, HGNC:1656) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 16p11.2, encoding CD2 antigen cytoplasmic tail-binding protein 2 (O95400). Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U5 snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 35.1% of cell lines).

This gene encodes a bi-functional protein. In the cytoplasm, the encoded protein binds the cytoplasmic tail of human surface antigen CD2 via its C-terminal GYF domain, and regulate CD2-triggered T lymphocyte activation. In the nucleus, this protein is a component of the U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex and is involved in RNA splicing. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 7. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants but their biological validity has not been determined.

Source: NCBI Gene 10421 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 1
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 70 total
  • Druggable target: yes
  • Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 35.1% of screened cell lines
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_006110

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:1656
Approved symbolCD2BP2
NameCD2 cytoplasmic tail binding protein 2
Location16p11.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesLIN1, Snu40, PPP1R59, U5-52K
Ensembl geneENSG00000169217
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM604470
Entrez10421

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 9 — 8 protein_coding, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000305596, ENST00000564525, ENST00000569466, ENST00000855800, ENST00000855801, ENST00000855802, ENST00000921035, ENST00000921036, ENST00000943282

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_006110 NM_001243646, NM_006110

CCDS: CCDS10675

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000305596 — 7 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000011397943035318130353287
ENSE000011397993035336830353800
ENSE000011398053035390130354058
ENSE000011398123035418430354322
ENSE000013163613035077330353095
ENSE000013890903035521230355308
ENSE000035008843035460430354707

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 296 present calls, max score 95.11.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 29.1167 / max 146.3959, expressed in 1819 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
15703727.40751818
1570381.7091992

Top tissues by expression

301 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
tendon of biceps brachiiUBERON:000818895.11gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009495.06gold quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123494.06gold quality
left adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582594.04gold quality
adrenal cortexUBERON:000123593.80gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123393.79gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582793.69gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000693.45gold quality
type B pancreatic cellCL:000016993.23silver quality
left uterine tubeUBERON:000130393.23gold quality
mucosa of stomachUBERON:000119993.15gold quality
monocyteCL:000057693.05gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosaUBERON:000538693.05gold quality
adrenal glandUBERON:000236993.04gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499192.93gold quality
leukocyteCL:000073892.76gold quality
mononuclear cellCL:000084292.73gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111992.72gold quality
left lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000112092.58gold quality
popliteal arteryUBERON:000225092.55gold quality
tibial arteryUBERON:000761092.55gold quality
body of stomachUBERON:000116192.49gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115092.48gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402392.43gold quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219692.37gold quality
nippleUBERON:000203092.29gold quality
descending thoracic aortaUBERON:000234592.27gold quality
aortaUBERON:000094792.26gold quality
pancreasUBERON:000126492.26gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layerUBERON:003583392.14gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes7.76
E-MTAB-4850no271.01

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

39 targeting CD2BP2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-520G-5P99.9966.76658
HSA-MIR-426799.9666.532368
HSA-MIR-185-3P99.9567.011743
HSA-MIR-311999.9271.342390
HSA-MIR-515-5P99.9269.822343
HSA-MIR-519E-5P99.9269.622358
HSA-MIR-6739-5P99.8067.872806
HSA-MIR-6842-5P99.8067.541587
HSA-MIR-7110-5P99.8067.841712
HSA-MIR-200A-5P99.7669.10949
HSA-MIR-200B-5P99.7669.05948
HSA-MIR-92A-2-5P99.7567.012164
HSA-MIR-6733-5P99.7467.942759
HSA-MIR-6715B-5P99.6469.631420
HSA-MIR-451699.6167.783390
HSA-MIR-426999.5569.891373
HSA-MIR-486-3P99.5166.821901
HSA-MIR-5584-5P99.4968.222814
HSA-MIR-582-5P99.4770.792635
HSA-MIR-569599.4167.481047
HSA-MIR-6852-5P99.1766.692073
HSA-MIR-312599.1468.492269
HSA-MIR-6809-5P99.1368.451223
HSA-MIR-6815-3P99.1368.981530
HSA-MIR-315498.9466.551455
HSA-MIR-4755-3P98.7765.591915
HSA-MIR-7851-3P98.7264.88980
HSA-MIR-1227-5P98.6565.321549
HSA-MIR-210-5P98.5764.37832
HSA-MIR-3136-5P98.5367.68793

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 35.1% of screened cell lines.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 5)

  • CD2BP2 is the ligand of the membrane-proximal proline-rich tandem repeat of CD2 in detergent-soluble membrane compartments. (PMID:12426371)
  • there is a function of the GYF domain of CD2BP2 in mediating protein-protein interactions within the spliceosome (PMID:15105431)
  • interaction of CD2BP2 with a tri-snRNP bridging protein (Prp6), coupled with CD2BP2’s absence from the tri-snRNP, suggests it might function in tri-snRNP assembly (PMID:15840814)
  • findings indicate that CD2BP2 is not a constitutive binding partner or key regulator of CD2-mediated signaling events (PMID:17906334)
  • Knockdown of CD2BP2 results in reduced miRNA levels. CD2BP2 stabilizes miRISC and mature miRNAs, maintaining them at levels necessary to properly regulate target gene expression. (PMID:28180320)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriocd2bp2ENSDARG00000027357
mus_musculusCd2bp2ENSMUSG00000042502
rattus_norvegicusCd2bp2ENSRNOG00000017201
drosophila_melanogasterholn1FBGN0032250
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00006563

Protein

Protein identifiers

CD2 antigen cytoplasmic tail-binding protein 2O95400 (reviewed: O95400)

Alternative names: U5 snRNP 52K protein

All UniProt accessions (2): O95400, A0A024QZC1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U5 snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly.

Subunit / interactions. Component of the U5 snRNP complex composed of the U5 snRNA and at least PRPF6, PRPF8, SNRNP200, EFTUD2, SNRNP40, DDX23, TXNL4A and CD2BP2. Interacts directly with TXNL4A and PRPF6. Interacts (via GYF domain) with CD2 (via Pro-rich sequence in the cytoplasmic domain). Interacts with PQBP1.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001230575, NP_006101* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR003169GYFDomain
IPR035445GYF-like_dom_sfHomologous_superfamily
IPR039905CD2BP2/Lin1Family

Pfam: PF02213

UniProt features (34 total): helix 11, strand 7, modified residue 6, region of interest 3, sequence variant 2, chain 1, domain 1, cross-link 1, turn 1, compositionally biased region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

10 structures.

PDBMethodResolution (Å)
1SYXX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.35
4BWSX-RAY DIFFRACTION2.5
8Q91ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.1
8Q7QELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.2
8RC0ELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.2
8Q7VELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.8
8Q7WELECTRON MICROSCOPY3.9
8Q7XELECTRON MICROSCOPY4.6
1GYFSOLUTION NMR
1L2ZSOLUTION NMR

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-O95400-F170.040.10

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (7): 194, 195, 26, 44, 46, 49, 118

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-9918481Dengue Virus-Host Interactions

MSigDB gene sets: 150 (showing top): SCIBETTA_KDM5B_TARGETS_UP, GGGTGGRR_PAX4_03, SHEDDEN_LUNG_CANCER_GOOD_SURVIVAL_A5, GOBP_SPLICEOSOMAL_TRI_SNRNP_COMPLEX_ASSEMBLY, BLALOCK_ALZHEIMERS_DISEASE_UP, chr16p11, WU_ALZHEIMER_DISEASE_DN, SCHAEFFER_PROSTATE_DEVELOPMENT_6HR_DN, MODULE_99, GOBP_PROTEIN_RNA_COMPLEX_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_RNA_SPLICING, HFH1_01, GUO_HEX_TARGETS_UP, SPIELMAN_LYMPHOBLAST_EUROPEAN_VS_ASIAN_UP, NRF2_01

GO Biological Process (3): spliceosomal tri-snRNP complex assembly (GO:0000244), mRNA processing (GO:0006397), RNA splicing (GO:0008380)

GO Molecular Function (2): ribonucleoprotein complex binding (GO:0043021), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (7): fibrillar center (GO:0001650), nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), U5 snRNP (GO:0005682), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytosol (GO:0005829), nuclear speck (GO:0016607)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Dengue Virus Infection1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure4
RNA processing2
spliceosomal snRNP assembly1
mRNA metabolic process1
protein-containing complex binding1
binding1
nucleolus1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
nuclear lumen1
spliceosomal snRNP complex1
intracellular anatomical structure1
cytoplasm1
nuclear ribonucleoprotein granule1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1430 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
CD2BP2CD2P06729958
CD2BP2DDX23Q9BUQ8891
CD2BP2CASKO14936720
CD2BP2EFTUD2Q15029713
CD2BP2AAR2Q9Y312689
CD2BP2CD58P19256662
CD2BP2TXNL4AP83876657
CD2BP2SNRPBP14678615
CD2BP2PRPF6O94906613
CD2BP2IL3RAP26951606
CD2BP2NCAM1P13591528
CD2BP2ITGAXP20702524
CD2BP2FCGR3BO75015512
CD2BP2FCGR3AP08637510
CD2BP2CD19P15391506

IntAct

221 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
CD2BP2CD2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.930
PRPF6CD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.930
PRPF6CD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.930
CD2CD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.930
SNRPFGEMIN2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.910
SNRPBCD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.880
CD2BP2SNRPBpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.880
SNRPBCD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)0.880
SNRPBCD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.880
CD2BP2SNRPBpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.860
SNRPBCD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.860
CD2BP2SNRPBpsi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.860
SNRPBCD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.860
CD2BP2ACAD11psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.800
CD2BP2SNRNP200psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.800
TXNL4ACD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.790
TXNL4ACD2BP2psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)0.790
PRPF6SNRNP200psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.770
SNRPEGEMIN2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.770
SART1PRPF3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.720
SNRPD2GEMIN2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.710
SNRPGGEMIN2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.710

BioGRID (415): CD2BP2 (Two-hybrid), CD2BP2 (Two-hybrid), CD2BP2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), CD2BP2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), CD2BP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CD2BP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CD2BP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CD2BP2 (Co-fractionation), CD2BP2 (Co-fractionation), CD2BP2 (Co-fractionation), CD2BP2 (Co-fractionation), CD2BP2 (Co-fractionation), CD2BP2 (Co-fractionation), DDX23 (Co-fractionation), POLR3C (Co-fractionation)

ESM2 similar proteins: A1L131, A4IFK7, C5IJB0, D3ZND0, F1MX48, O60232, O95400, P35689, Q0VCT3, Q17QX2, Q2KIJ6, Q2YD98, Q3ZBK7, Q3ZBN4, Q4R4I0, Q53GS7, Q5EAN7, Q5FVK6, Q5PPF5, Q5RAS2, Q5T0F9, Q68F60, Q69ZT1, Q6AYI4, Q6NU18, Q6TLH3, Q7L4P6, Q7TMX5, Q8BL74, Q8BRN9, Q8BSI6, Q8C0R7, Q8C6D4, Q8N5A5, Q8R322, Q8VDM1, Q91VL8, Q91WA6, Q91WR3, Q969X0

Diamond homologs: O95400, Q9CWK3, Q9VKV5

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 150 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Metabolism of non-coding RNA634.6×7e-07
mRNA Splicing - Minor Pathway1428.5×2e-15
mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway3919.4×7e-38
mRNA Splicing1919.0×2e-17
mRNA Polyadenylation2116.8×4e-18
SARS-CoV-2 modulates host translation machinery816.3×1e-06
Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA2014.9×2e-16
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination714.0×3e-05

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions1048.0×8e-13
spliceosomal complex assembly1046.3×1e-12
spliceosomal snRNP assembly1044.7×1e-12
U2-type prespliceosome assembly838.4×2e-09
mRNA splicing, via spliceosome3323.2×2e-33
RNA splicing2517.0×3e-21
regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome713.2×9e-05
mRNA processing2112.7×4e-15

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

70 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance58
Likely benign2
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

907 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
16:30353712:TGGGC:Tdonor_gain1.0000
16:30353721:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
16:30353797:TCACC:Tacceptor_loss1.0000
16:30353799:ACCT:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
16:30353802:T:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
16:30354181:TACC:Tdonor_loss1.0000
16:30354183:C:Adonor_loss1.0000
16:30354183:CCTT:Cdonor_gain1.0000
16:30354319:CCAG:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354320:CAGC:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354323:C:Aacceptor_loss1.0000
16:30354323:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354337:C:CTacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354337:C:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354338:A:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354598:CCTCA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
16:30354599:CTCAC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
16:30354600:TCACC:Tdonor_loss1.0000
16:30354601:CACC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
16:30354602:A:AGdonor_loss1.0000
16:30354603:C:CAdonor_loss1.0000
16:30354603:CCTT:Cdonor_gain1.0000
16:30354704:CAAG:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354705:AAG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30354708:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
16:30355208:TCAC:Tdonor_loss1.0000
16:30355209:CACC:Cdonor_loss1.0000
16:30355210:ACCT:Adonor_loss1.0000
16:30353288:C:CCacceptor_gain0.9900
16:30353722:T:Cdonor_gain0.9900

AlphaMissense

2224 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
16:30354006:A:CF90L1.000
16:30354006:A:TF90L1.000
16:30354008:A:GF90L1.000
16:30353247:C:AW283C0.999
16:30353247:C:GW283C0.999
16:30353919:C:AW119C0.999
16:30353919:C:GW119C0.999
16:30353921:A:GW119R0.999
16:30353921:A:TW119R0.999
16:30353973:A:CF101L0.999
16:30353973:A:TF101L0.999
16:30353974:A:GF101S0.999
16:30353975:A:GF101L0.999
16:30353185:A:GM304T0.998
16:30353249:A:GW283R0.998
16:30353249:A:TW283R0.998
16:30353974:A:CF101C0.998
16:30353981:C:GG99R0.998
16:30354001:A:GL92P0.998
16:30354007:A:CF90C0.998
16:30354008:A:TF90I0.998
16:30353052:C:GR320P0.997
16:30353957:A:CY107D0.997
16:30353962:C:AG105V0.997
16:30354007:A:GF90S0.997
16:30353000:A:CF337L0.996
16:30353000:A:TF337L0.996
16:30353002:A:GF337L0.996
16:30353054:G:CC319W0.996
16:30353917:A:GL120P0.996

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000267867 (16:30352463 A>G,T), RS1000671819 (16:30356398 T>C), RS1000848578 (16:30351491 A>C), RS1001652822 (16:30353151 C>G,T), RS1001890416 (16:30356707 C>A,G), RS1001951451 (16:30355017 G>C,T), RS1002090171 (16:30357050 C>T), RS1002252597 (16:30351992 T>C), RS1002300626 (16:30355141 C>T), RS1002477481 (16:30351818 G>A), RS1003090135 (16:30351229 C>T), RS1003133563 (16:30354218 G>C), RS1003362180 (16:30355897 T>A,C), RS1003897151 (16:30354583 A>G), RS1004096786 (16:30354747 G>A,C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604470 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST010703_269Brain morphology (MOSTest)4.000000e-13

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004346neuroimaging measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL6066341 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

38 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyreneaffects methylation, increases expression, increases methylation3
ochratoxin Adecreases expression2
Air Pollutantsaffects expression, increases abundance, decreases expression2
Cadmium Chloridedecreases expression, increases abundance, increases expression2
Particulate Matterdecreases expression, increases abundance, affects expression, increases reaction2
aristolochic acid Iincreases expression1
FR900359affects phosphorylation1
bisphenol Faffects cotreatment, increases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
pirinixic acidincreases activity, affects binding, decreases expression1
bisphenol Aaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
sodium arsenatedecreases expression1
sodium arseniteincreases expression1
beta-methylcholineaffects expression1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
oxidized-L-alpha-1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholineaffects expression, increases reaction1
abrineincreases expression1
LDN 193189affects cotreatment, increases expression1
Leflunomidedecreases expression1
Arbutindecreases expression1
Atrazinedecreases expression1
Vehicle Emissionsaffects expression, increases reaction1
Cadmiumincreases expression, increases abundance1
Caffeineincreases phosphorylation1
Dexamethasoneaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Diazinonincreases methylation1
Enzyme Inhibitorsincreases O-linked glycosylation, decreases activity1
Indomethacinincreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Ivermectindecreases expression1
Leaddecreases expression1

ChEMBL screening assays

1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay IDTypeDescriptionSource paper
CHEMBL5651069BindingBinding affinity to human CD2BP2 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assayNVP-BHG712: Effects of Regioisomers on the Affinity and Selectivity toward the EPHrin Family. — ChemMedChem

Cellosaurus cell lines

4 cell lines: 3 cancer cell line, 1 transformed cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

CellosaurusNameCategorySex
CVCL_B1D9Abcam HCT 116 CD2BP2 KOCancer cell lineMale
CVCL_B2TTAbcam HEK293T CD2BP2 KOTransformed cell lineFemale
CVCL_SH69HAP1 CD2BP2 (-) 1Cancer cell lineMale
CVCL_SH70HAP1 CD2BP2 (-) 2Cancer cell lineMale

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.