CDC42SE2

Summary

CDC42SE2 (CDC42 small effector 2, HGNC:18547) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 5q31.1, encoding CDC42 small effector protein 2 (Q9NRR3). Probably involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by acting downstream of CDC42, inducing actin filament assembly.

Enables signaling adaptor activity. Involved in regulation of signal transduction. Located in plasma membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 56990 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 20
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 18 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001375635

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18547
Approved symbol	CDC42SE2
Name	CDC42 small effector 2
Location	5q31.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	FLJ21967, SPEC2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000158985
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	619457
Entrez	56990

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 7 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 6 protein_coding

ENST00000360515, ENST00000395246, ENST00000502582, ENST00000502639, ENST00000502840, ENST00000503291, ENST00000504701, ENST00000505065, ENST00000506419, ENST00000506929, ENST00000511432, ENST00000515533, ENST00000892403

RefSeq mRNA: 5 — MANE Select: NM_001375635 NM_001038702, NM_001375633, NM_001375634, NM_001375635, NM_020240

CCDS: CCDS34224

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000505065 — 5 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001298120	131315976	131316144
ENSE00001326537	131359209	131359547
ENSE00002041653	131390993	131394672
ENSE00002045409	131264053	131264166
ENSE00003516888	131385543	131385644

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 256 present calls, max score 99.45.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 56.7016 / max 2224.5546, expressed in 1818 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (12 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
58399	49.0761	1813
58398	2.7898	1003
58396	1.1212	157
58414	0.9491	460
58395	0.9191	147
58411	0.7579	348
58412	0.5855	255
58413	0.2269	92
203681	0.1335	37
58397	0.1281	51

Top tissues by expression

256 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
ileal mucosa	UBERON:0000331	99.45	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	99.05	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	98.93	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	98.86	gold quality
mucosa of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0004993	98.78	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	98.75	gold quality
colonic mucosa	UBERON:0000317	98.66	gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynx	UBERON:0001951	98.62	gold quality
kidney epithelium	UBERON:0004819	98.52	gold quality
oviduct epithelium	UBERON:0004804	98.51	gold quality
palpebral conjunctiva	UBERON:0001812	98.19	gold quality
trabecular bone tissue	UBERON:0002483	97.84	gold quality
postcentral gyrus	UBERON:0002581	97.82	gold quality
parietal lobe	UBERON:0001872	97.71	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	97.66	gold quality
globus pallidus	UBERON:0001875	97.52	gold quality
medial globus pallidus	UBERON:0002477	97.52	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	97.49	gold quality
entorhinal cortex	UBERON:0002728	97.49	gold quality
caput epididymis	UBERON:0004358	97.48	gold quality
upper arm skin	UBERON:0004263	97.47	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	97.35	gold quality
nasal cavity epithelium	UBERON:0005384	97.33	gold quality
corpus epididymis	UBERON:0004359	97.32	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	97.22	gold quality
lateral globus pallidus	UBERON:0002476	97.16	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	97.15	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	97.08	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	97.06	gold quality
pons	UBERON:0000988	97.02	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 6 experiment(s), a significant marker in 4.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-6678	yes	36.95
E-GEOD-135922	yes	32.69
E-ANND-3	yes	23.18
E-CURD-119	yes	4.09
E-GEOD-106540	no	2382.11
E-MTAB-7606	no	819.56

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): PAX3

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

130 targeting CDC42SE2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-656-3P	100.00	72.15	2788
HSA-MIR-4668-3P	100.00	68.74	2635
HSA-MIR-1252-5P	100.00	69.80	2774
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-371B-5P	99.99	75.34	4759
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P	99.99	72.15	2772
HSA-MIR-513B-5P	99.99	69.96	2150
HSA-MIR-4531	99.99	69.70	3181
HSA-MIR-6759-5P	99.99	66.54	785
HSA-MIR-12136	99.98	72.81	5713
HSA-MIR-373-5P	99.98	75.36	4753
HSA-MIR-616-5P	99.98	75.58	4775
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-5688	99.96	73.23	4504
HSA-MIR-495-3P	99.96	72.81	4197
HSA-MIR-1468-3P	99.96	72.74	3797
HSA-MIR-570-3P	99.96	72.41	4910
HSA-MIR-551B-5P	99.96	71.28	3493
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-6778-3P	99.96	67.29	2693
HSA-LET-7C-3P	99.95	73.42	2862
HSA-MIR-545-3P	99.95	70.74	2783
HSA-MIR-144-3P	99.94	73.98	2698
HSA-MIR-4778-3P	99.93	70.40	1818
HSA-MIR-218-5P	99.93	72.22	2103
HSA-MIR-3682-5P	99.93	67.97	1163

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• Recruitment of SPEC2 within Jurkat T cells to the antigen-presenting cell interface occurred following incubation with staphylococcal enterotoxin E superantigen-loaded B cells and colocalized there with F-actin and Cdc42. T cell receptor (PMID:15840583)
• haplotypes underlying the SPEC2/PDZ-GEF2/acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 6 region are associated with schizophrenia (PMID:17030554)
• Cdc42 is an important regulator of corneal epithelial wound repair. To promote healing, Cdc42 may interact with receptor tyrosine kinase-activated signaling cascades that participate in cell migration and cell-cycle progression. (PMID:23833064)

Cross-species orthologs

3 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	cdc42se2	ENSDARG00000094577
mus_musculus	Cdc42se2	ENSMUSG00000052298
rattus_norvegicus	Cdc42se2	ENSRNOG00000042449

Paralogs (1): CDC42SE1 (ENSG00000197622)

Protein

Protein identifiers

CDC42 small effector protein 2 — Q9NRR3 (reviewed: Q9NRR3)

Alternative names: Small effector of CDC42 protein 2

All UniProt accessions (3): Q9NRR3, D6REL0, H0Y9W5

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Probably involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by acting downstream of CDC42, inducing actin filament assembly. Alters CDC42-induced cell shape changes. In activated T-cells, may play a role in CDC42-mediated F-actin accumulation at the immunological synapse. May play a role in early contractile events in phagocytosis in macrophages.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with CDC42 (in GTP-bound form). Interacts weakly with RAC1 and not at all with RHOA.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Cell membrane. Cell projection. Phagocytic cup.

Tissue specificity. Widely expressed. Expressed at higher level in T-lymphocytes. Highly expressed in CCRF-CEM T-lymphocytes, Jurkat T-lymphocytes, and Raji B-lymphocytes compared (at protein level).

Domain organisation. The CRIB domain mediates interaction with CDC42.

Miscellaneous. CDC42SE2 is mapped in the genomic region associated with schizophrenia.

Similarity. Belongs to the CDC42SE/SPEC family.

RefSeq proteins (5): NP_001033791, NP_001362562, NP_001362563, NP_001362564, NP_064625 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000095	CRIB_dom	Domain
IPR036936	CRIB_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR039056	SPEC	Family

Pfam: PF00786

UniProt features (6 total): modified residue 2, lipid moiety-binding region 2, chain 1, domain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NRR3-F1	68.02	0.00

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (4): 43, 52, 10, 11

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

5 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-9013148	CDC42 GTPase cycle
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction
R-HSA-194315	Signaling by Rho GTPases
R-HSA-9012999	RHO GTPase cycle
R-HSA-9716542	Signaling by Rho GTPases, Miro GTPases and RHOBTB3

MSigDB gene sets: 192 (showing top): GOBP_REGULATION_OF_CELL_MORPHOGENESIS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_SMALL_GTPASE_MEDIATED_SIGNAL_TRANSDUCTION, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, GOMF_GTPASE_BINDING, MODULE_503, MODULE_195, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_RHO_PROTEIN_SIGNAL_TRANSDUCTION, MODULE_147, DING_LUNG_CANCER_EXPRESSION_BY_COPY_NUMBER, SENESE_HDAC1_TARGETS_UP, FUJII_YBX1_TARGETS_UP, YAMAZAKI_TCEB3_TARGETS_UP, GOBP_IMPORT_INTO_CELL, GOBP_SMALL_GTPASE_MEDIATED_SIGNAL_TRANSDUCTION, GOBP_ENDOCYTOSIS

GO Biological Process (4): phagocytosis (GO:0006909), regulation of cell shape (GO:0008360), regulation of signal transduction (GO:0009966), regulation of Rho protein signal transduction (GO:0035023)

GO Molecular Function (3): small GTPase binding (GO:0031267), signaling adaptor activity (GO:0035591), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (6): phagocytic cup (GO:0001891), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), membrane (GO:0016020), cell projection (GO:0042995)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-4 pathways:

Category	Pathways
RHO GTPase cycle	1
Signaling by Rho GTPases, Miro GTPases and RHOBTB3	1
Signaling by Rho GTPases	1
Signal Transduction	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	4
endocytosis	1
regulation of cell morphogenesis	1
regulation of biological quality	1
signal transduction	1
regulation of cell communication	1
regulation of signaling	1
regulation of response to stimulus	1
Rho protein signal transduction	1
regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction	1
GTPase binding	1
protein-macromolecule adaptor activity	1
binding	1
plasma membrane	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2155 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CDC42SE2	RAPGEF6	Q8TEU7	638
CDC42SE2	ACSL6	Q9UKU0	599
CDC42SE2	CDC42	P21181	554
CDC42SE2	OR2B3	O76000	507
CDC42SE2	CDR2L	Q86X02	476
CDC42SE2	SLC35F4	A4IF30	471
CDC42SE2	CDC42EP4	Q9H3Q1	450
CDC42SE2	CDC42BPB	Q9Y5S2	439
CDC42SE2	LYRM7	Q5U5X0	437
CDC42SE2	TMEM196	Q5HYL7	435
CDC42SE2	STPG3	Q8N7X2	431
CDC42SE2	LMBRD2	Q68DH5	410
CDC42SE2	BAIAP2L1	Q9UHR4	401
CDC42SE2	KANSL1	Q7Z3B3	395
CDC42SE2	CASS4	Q9NQ75	387

IntAct

19 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CDC42SE2	CDC42	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
CDC42	BBX	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MYO19	PLEKHG3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAD2L2		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDC42		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
	HLA-C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDC42SE2	SSC5D	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TUBB		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TUBB4B	PLD2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TMPRSS5	CLGN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
AFG2A	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HPN	DDX39A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LY86	MAP2K7	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
MAGEA8	B4GALT5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
UPK2	IFT56	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC37A3	PLXNB2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SLC46A3	CLGN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (33): CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42 (Affinity Capture-MS), TSC22D3 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Two-hybrid), CDC42SE2 (Two-hybrid), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDC42SE2 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1B0GUI7, A1DL98, A1L1K4, A4V8B4, A6QLJ4, A6ZMG4, A6ZR60, A7NVJ4, A9JR56, B3LLZ8, C5E1C7, C7GWA2, C8ZEW0, O13916, O60153, P0C2W9, P15130, P16135, P20486, P27271, P28974, P35198, P40063, P84395, Q04438, Q28EW5, Q28GG3, Q4V853, Q5FVD7, Q5R4F8, Q5R977, Q5RD94, Q5U550, Q66657, Q68EK9, Q68FR5, Q6AX78, Q6C3T0, Q751I6, Q7T2A3

Diamond homologs: A1L1K4, A6QLJ4, A9JR56, Q28EW5, Q28GG3, Q4V853, Q5BIS3, Q5BJM7, Q5BKH3, Q5FVD7, Q5R4F8, Q5RDD6, Q5ZKB1, Q66KZ1, Q6AX78, Q6GPV4, Q6TEL3, Q8BGH7, Q8BHL7, Q9NRR3, Q9NRR8, Q9VNE7

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

18 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	13
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1528 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
5:131264167:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
5:131359207:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:131359208:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:131359208:GACT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:131385645:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
5:131391109:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
5:131264163:GACG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
5:131264165:CGGT:C	donor_loss	0.9900
5:131264166:GGTG:G	donor_loss	0.9900
5:131264167:G:A	donor_loss	0.9900
5:131264168:TGAG:T	donor_loss	0.9900
5:131264169:GAGT:G	donor_loss	0.9900
5:131264483:A:T	donor_gain	0.9900
5:131315975:GATA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131359205:CTAG:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131359205:CTAGA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
5:131359206:TAG:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
5:131359206:TAGA:T	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131359207:A:G	acceptor_loss	0.9900
5:131359207:AGAC:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131359208:G:GC	acceptor_loss	0.9900
5:131359208:GA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131359208:GAC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131359208:GACTA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131359302:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
5:131359422:A:T	donor_gain	0.9900
5:131359544:GCCT:G	donor_gain	0.9900
5:131385535:T:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131385541:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
5:131385542:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

554 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
5:131385559:T:A	I24N	1.000
5:131385559:T:G	I24S	1.000
5:131385574:T:A	I29N	1.000
5:131385574:T:G	I29S	1.000
5:131385582:C:T	P32S	1.000
5:131385583:C:A	P32H	1.000
5:131385591:T:A	F35I	1.000
5:131385591:T:C	F35L	1.000
5:131385592:T:C	F35S	1.000
5:131385592:T:G	F35C	1.000
5:131385593:T:A	F35L	1.000
5:131385593:T:G	F35L	1.000
5:131385597:C:A	H37N	1.000
5:131385597:C:G	H37D	1.000
5:131385606:C:G	H40D	1.000
5:131385608:T:A	H40Q	1.000
5:131385608:T:G	H40Q	1.000
5:131391015:T:C	M60T	1.000
5:131391025:G:C	K63N	1.000
5:131391025:G:T	K63N	1.000
5:131385559:T:C	I24T	0.999
5:131385565:G:T	R26I	0.999
5:131385572:G:A	M28I	0.999
5:131385572:G:C	M28I	0.999
5:131385572:G:T	M28I	0.999
5:131385574:T:C	I29T	0.999
5:131385576:G:A	G30R	0.999
5:131385576:G:C	G30R	0.999
5:131385577:G:A	G30E	0.999
5:131385577:G:T	G30V	0.999

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000013971 (5:131386949 A>G), RS1000028545 (5:131281100 G>T), RS1000048967 (5:131238821 G>A,C,T), RS1000073234 (5:131370157 T>C), RS1000073633 (5:131298709 C>T), RS1000077267 (5:131324079 C>G), RS1000120069 (5:131386643 G>C,T), RS1000130361 (5:131345972 C>A,G,T), RS1000138463 (5:131356746 A>T), RS1000147180 (5:131349951 A>G), RS1000186050 (5:131336927 A>G,T), RS1000187579 (5:131392763 C>T), RS1000194707 (5:131270945 G>C,T), RS1000207013 (5:131264952 A>G), RS1000211448 (5:131305383 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:619457 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

20 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002817_5	Alzheimer’s disease in APOE e4- carriers	2.000000e-07
GCST002875_174	Diisocyanate-induced asthma	1.000000e-06
GCST004131_32	Inflammatory bowel disease	4.000000e-27
GCST004132_10	Crohn’s disease	6.000000e-36
GCST004133_36	Ulcerative colitis	2.000000e-06
GCST004861_64	Itch intensity from mosquito bite	1.000000e-27
GCST004862_151	Itch intensity from mosquito bite adjusted by bite size	2.000000e-15
GCST004862_224	Itch intensity from mosquito bite adjusted by bite size	3.000000e-08
GCST004862_57	Itch intensity from mosquito bite adjusted by bite size	2.000000e-08
GCST004863_99	Mosquito bite size	2.000000e-15
GCST004864_30	Perceived unattractiveness to mosquitoes	5.000000e-06
GCST004865_88	Itch intensity from mosquito bite adjusted by bite size	5.000000e-15
GCST010241_308	Apolipoprotein A1 levels	2.000000e-08
GCST010242_379	HDL cholesterol levels	3.000000e-10
GCST010244_416	Triglyceride levels	7.000000e-10
GCST010701_41	Cortical surface area (MOSTest)	1.000000e-20
GCST010702_96	Subcortical volume (MOSTest)	2.000000e-08
GCST010703_160	Brain morphology (MOSTest)	3.000000e-09
GCST012047_19	Fasting glucose	1.000000e-07
GCST90002388_322	Lymphocyte count	4.000000e-11

EFO canonical traits (9, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0006995	response to diisocyanate
EFO:0008377	mosquito bite reaction itch intensity measurement
EFO:0008378	mosquito bite reaction size measurement
EFO:0008380	perceived unattractiveness to mosquitos measurement
EFO:0004614	apolipoprotein A 1 measurement
EFO:0004612	high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement
EFO:0004530	triglyceride measurement
EFO:0004346	neuroimaging measurement
EFO:0004587	lymphocyte count

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

28 total (human), top 28 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
sodium arsenite	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	2
Nickel	increases expression	2
Cadmium Chloride	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation, decreases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
dicrotophos	decreases expression	1
bufotalin	decreases expression	1
2-bromopalmitate	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation	1
potassium chromate(VI)	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
epigallocatechin gallate	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
entinostat	decreases expression	1
jinfukang	decreases expression	1
Bortezomib	decreases expression	1
Sunitinib	increases expression	1
Arsenic	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1
Benzoates	decreases expression	1
Cadmium	decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation	1
Caffeine	decreases phosphorylation	1
Cycloheximide	increases expression, affects cotreatment, affects expression	1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	affects expression, affects cotreatment	1
Thimerosal	increases expression	1
Thiram	decreases expression	1
Tretinoin	increases expression	1
Valproic Acid	decreases expression	1
7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide	decreases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases methylation	1
Antirheumatic Agents	decreases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.