CDH12

Summary

CDH12 (cadherin 12, HGNC:1751) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 5p14.3, encoding Cadherin-12 (P55289). Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins.

This gene encodes a type II classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. At least one of these variants encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature cadherin protein. These integral membrane proteins mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion and are composed of a large N-terminal extracellular domain, a single membrane-spanning domain, and a small, highly conserved C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. Type II (atypical) cadherins are defined based on their lack of a histidine-alanine-valine (HAV) cell adhesion recognition sequence specific to type I cadherins. This particular cadherin appears to be expressed specifically in the brain and its temporal pattern of expression would be consistent with a role during a critical period of neuronal development, perhaps specifically during synaptogenesis.

Source: NCBI Gene 1010 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 11
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 166 total — 1 pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_004061

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:1751
Approved symbol	CDH12
Name	cadherin 12
Location	5p14.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	Br-cadherin, CDHB
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000154162
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	600562
Entrez	1010

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 10 — 5 protein_coding, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000382254, ENST00000504376, ENST00000517378, ENST00000518209, ENST00000520668, ENST00000521384, ENST00000521745, ENST00000522262, ENST00000880753, ENST00000954356

RefSeq mRNA: 9 — MANE Select: NM_004061 NM_001317227, NM_001317228, NM_001364104, NM_001364105, NM_001364106, NM_001364107, NM_001364108, NM_001364109, NM_004061

CCDS: CCDS3890, CCDS82991

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000382254 — 15 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001402656	22212498	22212643
ENSE00001404736	22505270	22505364
ENSE00001406275	22405257	22405351
ENSE00001491433	22853058	22853344
ENSE00002072306	21750673	21752236
ENSE00003462950	21842161	21842328
ENSE00003462989	21802167	21802420
ENSE00003465765	21760558	21760675
ENSE00003525376	22078446	22078862
ENSE00003529986	21764978	21765099
ENSE00003535159	21975091	21975385
ENSE00003625935	21783358	21783494
ENSE00003632046	21755591	21755842
ENSE00003675761	21816945	21817132
ENSE00003694264	21854671	21854790

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 133 present calls, max score 78.25.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.7445 / max 229.6578, expressed in 127 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
61104	0.6135	113
61105	0.1310	61

Top tissues by expression

262 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	78.25	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	77.10	gold quality
postcentral gyrus	UBERON:0002581	76.00	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	75.78	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	75.33	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	75.02	gold quality
parietal lobe	UBERON:0001872	74.82	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	74.75	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	74.32	gold quality
frontal pole	UBERON:0002795	73.36	gold quality
occipital lobe	UBERON:0002021	73.19	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 10	UBERON:0013541	73.06	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	72.58	gold quality
paraflocculus	UBERON:0005351	72.54	gold quality
middle frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002702	71.95	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	71.89	gold quality
entorhinal cortex	UBERON:0002728	71.34	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	71.33	gold quality
cerebellar vermis	UBERON:0004720	69.57	silver quality
endometrium epithelium	UBERON:0004811	69.57	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	68.70	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	68.64	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	68.54	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	68.52	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	68.08	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	67.43	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	66.96	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	66.88	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	66.55	gold quality
orbitofrontal cortex	UBERON:0004167	66.49	silver quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-HCAD-35	yes	92.01
E-MTAB-7606	no	3.96
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

97 targeting CDH12, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6867-5P	100.00	82.21	3464
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-574-5P	100.00	66.01	989
HSA-MIR-223-3P	99.99	70.14	1140
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P	99.99	72.15	2772
HSA-MIR-511-3P	99.99	68.85	1467
HSA-MIR-4789-3P	99.99	70.75	2484
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-4482-3P	99.98	72.50	3147
HSA-MIR-3148	99.97	75.06	6478
HSA-MIR-3065-5P	99.97	71.56	3281
HSA-MIR-548AA	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-548AP-3P	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-548T-3P	99.96	70.64	3753
HSA-MIR-3658	99.96	73.87	4379
HSA-MIR-9983-3P	99.94	71.48	3631
HSA-MIR-1236-3P	99.94	68.04	1695
HSA-MIR-335-3P	99.93	73.36	4958
HSA-MIR-10527-5P	99.91	72.28	3754
HSA-MIR-4753-3P	99.90	71.03	3786
HSA-MIR-4302	99.89	67.94	1187
HSA-MIR-4697-3P	99.89	67.09	1123
HSA-MIR-129-5P	99.88	70.26	3273
HSA-MIR-6124	99.87	69.78	3551
HSA-MIR-5010-3P	99.83	70.60	2357
HSA-MIR-130B-5P	99.83	68.50	1888
HSA-MIR-3681-5P	99.82	66.88	387
HSA-MIR-4659A-3P	99.80	72.62	4248
HSA-MIR-4659B-3P	99.80	72.62	4248

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 6)

• E2F4, PHACTR3, PRAME family member and CDH12 most probably play important role in non-small-cell lung cancer geneses (PMID:19473719)
• CDH12 may play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (PMID:21573496)
• CDH12 may influence CRC cell progression. (PMID:26762412)
• Identification of a CDH12 potential candidate genetic variant for an autosomal dominant form of transgrediens and progrediens palmoplantar keratoderma in a Tunisian family. (PMID:31911611)
• An N-Cadherin 2 expressing epithelial cell subpopulation predicts response to surgery, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in bladder cancer. (PMID:34385456)
• The Role of Cadherin 12 (CDH12) in the Peritoneal Fluid among Patients with Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Related Infertility. (PMID:36141853)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Cdh12	ENSMUSG00000040452
rattus_norvegicus	Cdh12	ENSRNOG00000026392

Paralogs (33): CDH1 (ENSG00000039068), CDH10 (ENSG00000040731), CDH3 (ENSG00000062038), CDH19 (ENSG00000071991), CDHR2 (ENSG00000074276), CDH17 (ENSG00000079112), CDH7 (ENSG00000081138), PCDH11Y (ENSG00000099715), CDHR5 (ENSG00000099834), CDH20 (ENSG00000101542), PCDH11X (ENSG00000102290), CDH23 (ENSG00000107736), CDH9 (ENSG00000113100), CDH6 (ENSG00000113361), CDH26 (ENSG00000124215), CDHR3 (ENSG00000128536), CDH15 (ENSG00000129910), CDH24 (ENSG00000139880), CDH11 (ENSG00000140937), CDH13 (ENSG00000140945), CDH18 (ENSG00000145526), CDHR1 (ENSG00000148600), CDH22 (ENSG00000149654), CDH8 (ENSG00000150394), PCDH1 (ENSG00000156453), DCHS1 (ENSG00000166341), PCDH7 (ENSG00000169851), CDH2 (ENSG00000170558), CDH4 (ENSG00000179242), CDH5 (ENSG00000179776), PCDH9 (ENSG00000184226), DCHS2 (ENSG00000197410), PCDH20 (ENSG00000280165)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Cadherin-12 — P55289 (reviewed: P55289)

Alternative names: Brain cadherin, Neural type cadherin 2

All UniProt accessions (1): P55289

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Brain.

Domain organisation. Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
P55289-1	1	yes
P55289-2	2

RefSeq proteins (9): NP_001304156, NP_001304157, NP_001351033, NP_001351034, NP_001351035, NP_001351036, NP_001351037, NP_001351038, NP_004052* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000233	Cadherin_Y-type_LIR	Domain
IPR002126	Cadherin-like_dom	Domain
IPR015919	Cadherin-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR020894	Cadherin_CS	Conserved_site
IPR027397	Catenin-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR039808	Cadherin	Family

Pfam: PF00028, PF01049

UniProt features (25 total): domain 5, sequence conflict 5, glycosylation site 4, sequence variant 3, topological domain 2, signal peptide 1, propeptide 1, modified residue 1, splice variant 1, chain 1, transmembrane region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P55289-F1	77.19	0.47

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 787

Glycosylation sites (4): 256, 456, 537, 545

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

4 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-418990	Adherens junctions interactions
R-HSA-1500931	Cell-Cell communication
R-HSA-421270	Cell-cell junction organization
R-HSA-446728	Cell junction organization

MSigDB gene sets: 100 (showing top): GSE45365_HEALTHY_VS_MCMV_INFECTION_CD8_TCELL_IFNAR_KO_DN, GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD8_TCELL_UP, ACEVEDO_LIVER_CANCER_WITH_H3K27ME3_UP, GOBP_CALCIUM_DEPENDENT_CELL_CELL_ADHESION, REACTOME_ADHERENS_JUNCTIONS_INTERACTIONS, GOBP_CELL_CELL_ADHESION, GOBP_CELL_JUNCTION_ORGANIZATION, MCLACHLAN_DENTAL_CARIES_DN, HOOI_ST7_TARGETS_DN, GOBP_CELL_JUNCTION_ASSEMBLY, GOBP_ADHERENS_JUNCTION_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_CELL_CELL_JUNCTION_ASSEMBLY, GOCC_CELL_CELL_JUNCTION, GOCC_MEMBRANE_PROTEIN_COMPLEX, GOCC_ANCHORING_JUNCTION

GO Biological Process (9): cell morphogenesis (GO:0000902), cell-cell junction assembly (GO:0007043), homophilic cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007156), calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion (GO:0016339), cell migration (GO:0016477), adherens junction organization (GO:0034332), cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin (GO:0044331), cell adhesion (GO:0007155), cell-cell adhesion (GO:0098609)

GO Molecular Function (4): calcium ion binding (GO:0005509), beta-catenin binding (GO:0008013), cadherin binding (GO:0045296), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (4): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), adherens junction (GO:0005912), catenin complex (GO:0016342), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-3 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Cell-cell junction organization	1
Cell junction organization	1
Cell-Cell communication	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cell-cell adhesion	3
cell-cell junction organization	2
anatomical structure morphogenesis	1
cell junction assembly	1
cell motility	1
cellular process	1
cell adhesion	1
metal ion binding	1
protein binding	1
cell adhesion molecule binding	1
cation binding	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
cell-cell junction	1
extrinsic component of plasma membrane	1
plasma membrane protein complex	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

694 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CDH12	CDH9	Q9ULB4	540
CDH12	CDH15	P55291	481
CDH12	CDH1	P12830	477
CDH12	CDH2	P19022	475
CDH12	CDH13	P55290	471
CDH12	CDH19	Q9H159	459
CDH12	CDH20	Q9HBT6	446
CDH12	CDH6	P55285	438
CDH12	CDH7	Q9ULB5	438
CDH12	CDH18	Q13634	415
CDH12	CDH10	Q9Y6N8	413
CDH12	CRACD	Q6ZU35	411
CDH12	CTNNB1	P35222	401
CDH12	CDH8	P55286	399
CDH12	DRC4	O95995	389

IntAct

7 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
IGHG1	PDPK1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CTNNA3	ARVCF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDH12	ARVCF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDC20B	DHX16	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (17): CDH12 (Affinity Capture-MS), PKP4 (Affinity Capture-MS), FRMD4A (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNA1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDH12 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNA2 (Affinity Capture-MS), ARVCF (Affinity Capture-MS), CDH8 (Affinity Capture-MS), PSEN1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDH12 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHEK2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CDH24 (Affinity Capture-MS), PCDH1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RBM14-RBM4 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1S4GGP7, B1Q236, B8V7Q1, B8VIW9, F1QSQ0, F8W3X3, G5EDK5, H2A0L8, O02466, O15943, O44386, O44730, P28827, P34616, P35822, P55289, P70408, Q02763, Q02858, Q03600, Q03763, Q06807, Q09165, Q15262, Q19319, Q24247, Q24298, Q5RJH3, Q60ZN5, Q61495, Q68SP4, Q6W3B0, Q7TMD7, Q7TSF0, Q7TSF1, Q86SJ6, Q86WI1, Q8JHW2, Q8VHN7, Q8WXG9

Diamond homologs: A0A8M2BIB6, B0KW95, B2KI42, B4USZ0, F1PAA9, F1QSQ0, O02840, O35902, O54800, O55075, O55111, O93319, P08641, P09803, P10287, P10288, P12830, P15116, P19022, P19534, P19535, P20310, P22223, P24503, P30944, P32926, P33145, P33146, P33147, P33148, P33150, P33151, P33152, P33545, P39038, P55280, P55283, P55284, P55285, P55286

SIGNOR signaling

2 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
calcium(2+)	“up-regulates activity”	CDH12	“chemical activation”
CDH12	“up-regulates activity”	CTNNB1	binding

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

166 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	126
Likely benign	15
Benign	11

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
1809200	GRCh37/hg19 5p15.33-14.1(chr5:113577-26164852)x1	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

5423 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
5:21752232:TATGG:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:21752234:TGG:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:21752237:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:21755665:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21760556:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21760557:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21760557:CTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21783356:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21783357:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21783357:CTA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21783357:CTAA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21816941:ATACC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:21816942:TACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
5:21816943:A:T	donor_loss	1.0000
5:21816944:C:CA	donor_loss	1.0000
5:21816964:C:CA	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21817143:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:21842157:ATAC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:21842158:TA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
5:21842159:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21842159:ACTTT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
5:21842160:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21842160:CT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21842160:CTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
5:21842326:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:21842327:ACC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
5:21842328:CC:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
5:21842329:CTTAA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
5:21842330:T:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
5:21975090:CCCA:C	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

5230 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
5:21975153:T:G	D155A	1.000
5:21975162:T:G	D152A	1.000
5:21975163:C:G	D152H	1.000
5:21975291:C:A	G109V	1.000
5:21975291:C:T	G109E	1.000
5:21975292:C:A	G109W	1.000
5:21975312:A:G	F102S	1.000
5:21755609:A:G	C623R	0.999
5:21783369:G:T	A461E	0.999
5:21802200:G:T	A408D	0.999
5:21802206:A:T	V406D	0.999
5:21802380:A:T	V348D	0.999
5:21842169:A:G	F269S	0.999
5:21842175:G:T	P267H	0.999
5:21842184:T:G	D264A	0.999
5:21842199:A:G	L259P	0.999
5:21842211:A:T	V255D	0.999
5:21842253:T:G	D241A	0.999
5:21842254:C:G	D241H	0.999
5:21842259:G:T	A239D	0.999
5:21842260:C:G	A239P	0.999
5:21842322:A:T	I218N	0.999
5:21842328:C:T	G216D	0.999
5:21854691:A:G	F209S	0.999
5:21854719:A:C	Y200D	0.999
5:21854754:T:A	D188V	0.999
5:21854754:T:G	D188A	0.999
5:21854755:C:G	D188H	0.999
5:21854761:C:G	D186H	0.999
5:21975137:A:C	F160L	0.999

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000001454 (5:22834207 G>C), RS1000005121 (5:22744349 A>G), RS1000005366 (5:22316733 A>G), RS1000009781 (5:21750554 G>C,T), RS1000010667 (5:22717500 A>G), RS1000014089 (5:22598430 G>A), RS1000018705 (5:22597664 A>G), RS1000022651 (5:22143821 A>G), RS1000025179 (5:22377516 A>G), RS1000025225 (5:22522017 G>A), RS1000025419 (5:21949013 C>T), RS1000031537 (5:22476158 C>A,G,T), RS1000032561 (5:22390413 A>C,G,T), RS1000033243 (5:21843328 C>T), RS1000035371 (5:21805212 A>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:600562 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

11 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000427_5	Waist circumference	2.000000e-06
GCST004558_85	Body mass index (joint analysis main effects and physical activity interaction)	7.000000e-07
GCST004568_1	Body mass index (physical activity interaction)	3.000000e-08
GCST004568_2	Body mass index (physical activity interaction)	3.000000e-07
GCST004863_143	Mosquito bite size	9.000000e-06
GCST005578_4	Low white blood cell count (conditioned on rs2814778)	4.000000e-07
GCST005578_5	Low white blood cell count (conditioned on rs2814778)	2.000000e-07
GCST005760_5	Dimensional psychopathology (Cognitive)	4.000000e-07
GCST007603_35	Smoking initiation	5.000000e-08
GCST007678_2	Brooding (response to stress)	5.000000e-07
GCST008810_93	Smoking initiation (ever regular vs never regular)	1.000000e-08

EFO canonical traits (7, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004340	body mass index
EFO:0008002	physical activity measurement
EFO:0003940	physical activity
EFO:0008378	mosquito bite reaction size measurement
EFO:0009098	cognitive domain measurement
EFO:0005670	smoking initiation
EFO:0009858	brooding stress response

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

28 total (human), top 28 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation, increases methylation, affects expression, decreases expression	4
sodium arsenite	affects methylation, decreases expression, increases reaction, decreases methylation	2
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	2
Copper	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects binding	2
Valproic Acid	decreases expression	2
methyleugenol	decreases expression	1
bisphenol A	affects methylation	1
2,3-bis(3’-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
aflatoxin B2	decreases methylation	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
glycidamide	decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
entinostat	decreases expression	1
NSC 689534	affects binding, decreases expression	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Coumestrol	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Lead	affects methylation	1
Lipopolysaccharides	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Niclosamide	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
Silicon Dioxide	increases expression	1
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	increases expression	1
Tretinoin	increases expression	1
Triclosan	increases expression	1
Cyclosporine	decreases expression	1
Silver Compounds	increases expression	1
Cadmium Chloride	increases expression	1
Acrylamide	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.