CDH8

Summary

CDH8 (cadherin 8, HGNC:1767) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 16q21, encoding Cadherin-8 (P55286). Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins.

This gene encodes a type II classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily, integral membrane proteins that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion. Mature cadherin proteins are composed of a large N-terminal extracellular domain, a single membrane-spanning domain, and a small, highly conserved C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular domain consists of 5 subdomains, each containing a cadherin motif, and appears to determine the specificity of the protein’s homophilic cell adhesion activity. Type II (atypical) cadherins are defined based on their lack of a HAV cell adhesion recognition sequence specific to type I cadherins. This particular cadherin is expressed in brain and is putatively involved in synaptic adhesion, axon outgrowth and guidance.

Source: NCBI Gene 1006 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 21
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 102 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001796

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:1767
Approved symbol	CDH8
Name	cadherin 8
Location	16q21
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000150394
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	603008
Entrez	1006

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 15 — 7 protein_coding, 5 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 retained_intron, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000299345, ENST00000577228, ENST00000577390, ENST00000577536, ENST00000577730, ENST00000580044, ENST00000582242, ENST00000582980, ENST00000583382, ENST00000583483, ENST00000584337, ENST00000584506, ENST00000584966, ENST00000585315, ENST00000958085

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001796 NM_001410893, NM_001796

CCDS: CCDS10802, CCDS92168

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000577390 — 12 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000994716	61789346	61789482
ENSE00000994721	61825012	61825179
ENSE00000994722	61820926	61821113
ENSE00000994725	61857119	61857238
ENSE00001141385	61727094	61727215
ENSE00001700676	61901179	61901473
ENSE00002309910	62021152	62021602
ENSE00003583145	61655470	61655721
ENSE00003692898	61647250	61654101
ENSE00003693196	61713841	61713958
ENSE00003786257	61817479	61817732
ENSE00003844246	62036080	62036438

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 188 present calls, max score 93.78.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 3.2719 / max 152.8372, expressed in 488 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
157651	2.8806	464
157652	0.1243	62
157648	0.1221	60
157650	0.0807	43
157649	0.0642	33

Top tissues by expression

282 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	93.78	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	89.41	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	85.55	gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamus	UBERON:0002736	84.36	gold quality
entorhinal cortex	UBERON:0002728	83.67	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	83.63	gold quality
middle temporal gyrus	UBERON:0002771	83.01	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	82.46	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	81.67	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	81.53	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	80.68	gold quality
substantia nigra pars compacta	UBERON:0001965	80.60	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	80.25	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	80.08	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	80.03	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	79.93	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	79.56	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	79.53	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	79.11	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	78.96	gold quality
telencephalon	UBERON:0001893	78.93	gold quality
pons	UBERON:0000988	78.80	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	78.75	gold quality
Ammon’s horn	UBERON:0001954	78.22	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	77.76	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	77.66	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	77.58	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	77.55	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	77.28	gold quality
substantia nigra	UBERON:0002038	77.11	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-HCAD-25	yes	7.54
E-ANND-3	yes	7.12
E-GEOD-99795	no	14.94

Regulation

Is transcription factor: yes

Downstream targets (CollecTRI)

1 targets.

Target	Regulation
IRF3	Activation

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

175 targeting CDH8, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-4262	100.00	73.26	3931
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-3924	100.00	72.09	2394
HSA-MIR-513A-5P	100.00	69.77	2465
HSA-MIR-190A-3P	100.00	80.35	5520
HSA-MIR-518D-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-518F-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-520C-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-526A-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-4713-3P	100.00	65.92	505
HSA-MIR-518E-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-519A-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-519B-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-519C-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-522-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-523-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-181A-5P	99.99	72.96	2995
HSA-MIR-181B-5P	99.99	72.97	2996
HSA-MIR-181C-5P	99.99	72.95	2996
HSA-MIR-181D-5P	99.99	73.04	2997
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-3185	99.99	68.12	1959
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-33A-5P	99.99	68.62	1055
HSA-MIR-33B-5P	99.99	68.58	1062
HSA-MIR-520D-5P	99.98	73.34	4883
HSA-MIR-524-5P	99.98	73.43	4882
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-548N	99.98	71.94	4170

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 4)

• cadherin-8 may be involved in both kidney morphogenesis as well as tumorigenesis in some types of renal cell carcinoma (PMID:12209956)
• Rare familial 16q21 microdeletions and expression analysis implicate CDH8 in susceptibility to autism and learning disabilities. (PMID:20972252)
• cadherin 8, a type II neuronal cadherin, is expressed in cyst epithelia both in vivo and in vitro; data suggest that ectopic expression of cadherin 8 in renal epithelial cells is sufficient to cause the morphogenic pattern of cyst formation (PMID:21389276)
• Results show that promoter hypermethylation of ADCY8, CDH8, and ZNF582 are correlated with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. (PMID:27651839)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Cdh8	ENSMUSG00000036510
rattus_norvegicus	Cdh8	ENSRNOG00000056643

Paralogs (33): CDH1 (ENSG00000039068), CDH10 (ENSG00000040731), CDH3 (ENSG00000062038), CDH19 (ENSG00000071991), CDHR2 (ENSG00000074276), CDH17 (ENSG00000079112), CDH7 (ENSG00000081138), PCDH11Y (ENSG00000099715), CDHR5 (ENSG00000099834), CDH20 (ENSG00000101542), PCDH11X (ENSG00000102290), CDH23 (ENSG00000107736), CDH9 (ENSG00000113100), CDH6 (ENSG00000113361), CDH26 (ENSG00000124215), CDHR3 (ENSG00000128536), CDH15 (ENSG00000129910), CDH24 (ENSG00000139880), CDH11 (ENSG00000140937), CDH13 (ENSG00000140945), CDH18 (ENSG00000145526), CDHR1 (ENSG00000148600), CDH22 (ENSG00000149654), CDH12 (ENSG00000154162), PCDH1 (ENSG00000156453), DCHS1 (ENSG00000166341), PCDH7 (ENSG00000169851), CDH2 (ENSG00000170558), CDH4 (ENSG00000179242), CDH5 (ENSG00000179776), PCDH9 (ENSG00000184226), DCHS2 (ENSG00000197410), PCDH20 (ENSG00000280165)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Cadherin-8 — P55286 (reviewed: P55286)

All UniProt accessions (7): P55286, J3KRI5, J3KT81, J3KTG8, J3QKW5, J3QLE6, X6R3Y6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Mainly expressed in brain. Found in certain nerve cell lines, such as retinoblasts, glioma cells and neuroblasts.

Domain organisation. Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001397822, NP_001787* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000233	Cadherin_Y-type_LIR	Domain
IPR002126	Cadherin-like_dom	Domain
IPR015919	Cadherin-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR020894	Cadherin_CS	Conserved_site
IPR027397	Catenin-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR039808	Cadherin	Family

Pfam: PF00028, PF01049

UniProt features (20 total): glycosylation site 6, domain 5, sequence conflict 2, topological domain 2, signal peptide 1, propeptide 1, modified residue 1, chain 1, transmembrane region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-P55286-F1	77.26	0.46

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 795

Glycosylation sites (6): 33, 57, 188, 463, 473, 544

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

9 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-418990	Adherens junctions interactions
R-HSA-9833576	CDH11 homotypic and heterotypic interactions
R-HSA-1500931	Cell-Cell communication
R-HSA-421270	Cell-cell junction organization
R-HSA-446728	Cell junction organization
R-HSA-9759475	Regulation of CDH11 Expression and Function
R-HSA-9759476	Regulation of Homotypic Cell-Cell Adhesion
R-HSA-9762292	Regulation of CDH11 function
R-HSA-9764260	Regulation of Expression and Function of Type II Classical Cadherins

MSigDB gene sets: 172 (showing top): GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_COLD, SATO_SILENCED_BY_DEACETYLATION_IN_PANCREATIC_CANCER, MORF_RAD51L3, GOBP_CELL_CELL_SIGNALING, GOBP_CALCIUM_DEPENDENT_CELL_CELL_ADHESION, REACTOME_ADHERENS_JUNCTIONS_INTERACTIONS, GOBP_CELL_CELL_ADHESION, GOBP_CELL_JUNCTION_ORGANIZATION, MORF_CTSB, MORF_IL4, OUELLET_CULTURED_OVARIAN_CANCER_INVASIVE_VS_LMP_DN, SCHAEFFER_PROSTATE_DEVELOPMENT_48HR_UP, GOBP_SYNAPTIC_SIGNALING, SCHLOSSER_SERUM_RESPONSE_DN, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_ABIOTIC_STIMULUS

GO Biological Process (13): cell morphogenesis (GO:0000902), cell-cell junction assembly (GO:0007043), cell adhesion (GO:0007155), homophilic cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007156), response to cold (GO:0009409), calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion (GO:0016339), cell migration (GO:0016477), adherens junction organization (GO:0034332), synaptic transmission, glutamatergic (GO:0035249), cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin (GO:0044331), regulation of synapse organization (GO:0050807), chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0007268), cell-cell adhesion (GO:0098609)

GO Molecular Function (5): calcium ion binding (GO:0005509), beta-catenin binding (GO:0008013), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), cadherin binding (GO:0045296), metal ion binding (GO:0046872)

GO Cellular Component (8): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), adherens junction (GO:0005912), catenin complex (GO:0016342), synaptic cleft (GO:0043083), axon terminus (GO:0043679), synaptic membrane (GO:0097060), glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-8 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Cell-cell junction organization	1
Regulation of CDH11 function	1
Cell junction organization	1
Cell-Cell communication	1
Regulation of Expression and Function of Type II Classical Cadherins	1
Adherens junctions interactions	1
Regulation of CDH11 Expression and Function	1
Regulation of Homotypic Cell-Cell Adhesion	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cell-cell adhesion	3
cell-cell junction organization	2
protein binding	2
cellular anatomical structure	2
synapse	2
anatomical structure morphogenesis	1
cell junction assembly	1
cellular process	1
response to stress	1
response to temperature stimulus	1
cell motility	1
chemical synaptic transmission	1
regulation of synapse structure or activity	1
synapse organization	1
regulation of cellular component organization	1
anterograde trans-synaptic signaling	1
cell adhesion	1
metal ion binding	1
cell adhesion molecule binding	1
cation binding	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
cell-cell junction	1
extrinsic component of plasma membrane	1
plasma membrane protein complex	1
extracellular region	1
neuron projection terminus	1
presynapse	1
distal axon	1
plasma membrane region	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1520 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CDH8	CTNNA2	P26232	575
CDH8	SORCS3	Q9UPU3	546
CDH8	CTNNB1	P35222	535
CDH8	NTNG1	Q9Y2I2	531
CDH8	CTNND1	O60716	520
CDH8	CHD8	Q9HCK8	493
CDH8	IGSF21	Q96ID5	490
CDH8	CDH4	P55283	490
CDH8	CDH13	P55290	488
CDH8	DNMT3B	Q9UBC3	469
CDH8	CDH19	Q9H159	461
CDH8	CDH20	Q9HBT6	451
CDH8	CDH7	Q9ULB5	450
CDH8	CNTNAP4	Q9C0A0	448
CDH8	PKDCC	Q504Y2	438

IntAct

6 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CDH8	ARVCF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CDH8	ARVCF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDH12	ARVCF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (37): PKP4 (Affinity Capture-MS), ARVCF (Affinity Capture-MS), NYNRIN (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNA2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNB1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNA1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNND1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TMTC4 (Affinity Capture-MS), BCAM (Affinity Capture-MS), TYK2 (Affinity Capture-MS), PLD2 (Affinity Capture-MS), HADHB (Affinity Capture-MS), JUP (Affinity Capture-MS), PTCD2 (Affinity Capture-MS), EXOG (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A8M2BIB6, F1QSQ0, F8W3X3, H2EQR6, O35902, O54800, O55111, O93319, P32926, P33545, P55280, P55285, P55286, P55287, P55288, P55289, P55292, P55849, P55850, P70407, P70408, P79995, P97291, P97326, Q01107, Q02413, Q02487, Q08554, Q08DJ5, Q13634, Q14126, Q14574, Q28060, Q3SWX5, Q5DWV1, Q5RJH3, Q61495, Q68SP4, Q6W3B0, Q7TMD7

Diamond homologs: A0A8M2BIB6, B0KW95, B2KI42, B4USZ0, F1PAA9, F1QSQ0, O02840, O35902, O54800, O55075, O55111, O93319, P08641, P09803, P10287, P10288, P12830, P15116, P19022, P19534, P19535, P20310, P22223, P24503, P30944, P32926, P33145, P33146, P33147, P33148, P33150, P33151, P33152, P33545, P39038, P55280, P55283, P55284, P55285, P55286

SIGNOR signaling

3 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
calcium(2+)	“up-regulates activity”	CDH8	“chemical activation”
CDH8	“up-regulates activity”	CTNNB1	binding
CDH8	“up-regulates quantity”	IRF3	“transcriptional regulation”

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

102 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	82
Likely benign	9
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3944 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
16:61654097:GATGA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61654098:ATGA:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61654098:ATGAC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61654099:TGA:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61654100:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61654100:GACTA:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61654101:AC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61654102:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61654102:CTAGA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61654103:T:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61655718:TTAT:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61655719:TAT:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61713836:TTTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
16:61713837:TTAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
16:61713838:TAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
16:61713840:C:A	donor_loss	1.0000
16:61713955:TGACC:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61713956:GACC:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61713957:ACC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61713958:CCT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61713959:CTGA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:61727092:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:61727093:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:61727214:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61727215:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61727216:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:61789344:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
16:61789345:C:CT	donor_gain	1.0000
16:61789345:CT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
16:61789345:CTA:C	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

5287 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
16:61653968:A:C	F680L	1.000
16:61653968:A:T	F680L	1.000
16:61653970:A:G	F680L	1.000
16:61655488:A:G	C630R	1.000
16:61727149:G:T	P494H	1.000
16:61727185:A:T	V482D	1.000
16:61789357:G:T	A468D	1.000
16:61789444:A:G	F439S	1.000
16:61817623:A:T	V378D	1.000
16:61825104:T:A	D248V	1.000
16:61825104:T:G	D248A	1.000
16:61825105:C:G	D248H	1.000
16:61825110:G:T	A246D	1.000
16:61825111:C:G	A246P	1.000
16:61825113:T:G	Q245P	1.000
16:61825116:A:T	I244N	1.000
16:61857139:A:C	F216C	1.000
16:61857139:A:G	F216S	1.000
16:61857167:A:C	Y207D	1.000
16:61857202:T:A	D195V	1.000
16:61857202:T:C	D195G	1.000
16:61857202:T:G	D195A	1.000
16:61857203:C:G	D195H	1.000
16:61857208:T:C	D193G	1.000
16:61857208:T:G	D193A	1.000
16:61857209:C:G	D193H	1.000
16:61857214:G:T	A191E	1.000
16:61857229:A:T	V186D	1.000
16:61901225:A:C	F167L	1.000
16:61901225:A:T	F167L	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000011171 (16:61832758 A>C), RS1000013916 (16:61959071 C>A), RS1000015469 (16:61981799 T>A), RS1000016048 (16:61653765 C>T), RS1000022371 (16:61680983 A>G), RS1000033657 (16:61681298 T>A), RS1000041639 (16:61823094 A>G,T), RS1000050269 (16:61734863 G>A), RS1000058673 (16:61874716 T>C), RS1000059041 (16:61965623 T>C), RS1000060739 (16:61721205 A>C,T), RS1000061003 (16:61762244 A>G), RS1000077157 (16:62023284 A>T), RS1000077982 (16:61959291 A>G), RS1000089010 (16:61727498 T>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:603008 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

21 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001077_6	Cystic fibrosis severity	7.000000e-06
GCST001414_19	Phospholipid levels (plasma)	3.000000e-08
GCST001734_11	Non-small cell lung cancer	8.000000e-06
GCST003070_5	Cerebrospinal T-tau levels	8.000000e-07
GCST003813_3	Response to antidepressants and depression	1.000000e-06
GCST004747_13	Lung cancer in never smokers	9.000000e-06
GCST006269_1121	General cognitive ability	5.000000e-10
GCST006616_6	Uterine fibroid number (single vs multiple)	1.000000e-06
GCST007324_100	Adventurousness	8.000000e-09
GCST007324_65	Adventurousness	7.000000e-15
GCST007325_162	General risk tolerance (MTAG)	2.000000e-11
GCST007329_6	Automobile speeding propensity	6.000000e-10
GCST008394_8	Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease	1.000000e-07
GCST008522_74	Bitter alcoholic beverage consumption	4.000000e-06
GCST008969_2	White coat effect (clinic diastolic blood pressure minus ambulatory diastolic blood pressure)	4.000000e-06
GCST010396_304	Gut microbiota (bacterial taxa, hurdle binary method)	5.000000e-06
GCST011124_9	Caffeine consumption from tea	1.000000e-08
GCST011348_41	High density lipoprotein cholesterol levels	6.000000e-16
GCST011374_1	Rotator cuff injury	2.000000e-08
GCST012277_6	Clostridioides difficle infection	9.000000e-07
GCST90011899_26	Aspartate aminotransferase levels	9.000000e-41

EFO canonical traits (11, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004760	t-tau measurement
EFO:0004337	intelligence
EFO:0009410	uterine fibroid measurement
EFO:0008579	risk-taking behaviour
EFO:0010092	bitter alcoholic beverage consumption measurement
EFO:0006945	diastolic blood pressure change measurement
EFO:0007874	gut microbiome measurement
EFO:0010091	tea consumption measurement
EFO:0004612	high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement
EFO:0009130	clostridium difficile infection
EFO:0004736	aspartate aminotransferase measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

44 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	6
trichostatin A	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	4
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression, increases expression	3
bisphenol A	affects expression, affects cotreatment, decreases methylation, increases methylation	2
arsenite	affects binding, decreases reaction, increases methylation	2
sodium arsenite	increases abundance, decreases expression	2
entinostat	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Panobinostat	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	2
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	2
Doxorubicin	affects expression, increases expression	2
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation, increases methylation	2
terbufos	increases methylation	1
benzo(e)pyrene	increases methylation	1
aflatoxin B2	decreases methylation	1
nickel sulfate	decreases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	increases expression, affects response to substance	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	1
clothianidin	decreases expression	1
abrine	increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression	1
Decitabine	affects expression	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	decreases expression	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, decreases methylation	1
Arsenic	increases abundance, decreases expression	1
Diazinon	increases methylation	1
Dinitrochlorobenzene	decreases expression	1
Chlorpyrifos	affects reaction, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.