CDY1B

Summary

CDY1B (chromodomain Y-linked 1B, HGNC:23920) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Yq11.23, encoding Testis-specific chromodomain protein Y 1 (Q9Y6F8). Has histone acetyltransferase activity, with a preference for histone H4.

This gene encodes a protein containing a chromodomain and a histone acetyltransferase catalytic domain. Chromodomain proteins are components of heterochromatin-like complexes and can act as gene repressors. This protein is localized to the nucleus of late spermatids where histone hyperacetylation takes place. Histone hyperacetylation is thought to facilitate the transition in which protamines replace histones as the major DNA-packaging protein. The human chromosome Y has two identical copies of this gene within a palindromic region; this record represents the more centromeric copy. Chromosome Y also contains a pair of closely related genes in another more telomeric palindrome as well as several related pseudogenes. Two protein isoforms are encoded by transcript variants of this gene. Additional transcript variants have been described, but their full-length nature has not been determined.

Source: NCBI Gene 253175 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 1 total — 1 pathogenic
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001003894

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:23920
Approved symbol	CDY1B
Name	chromodomain Y-linked 1B
Location	Yq11.23
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000172352
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
Entrez	253175

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000306882, ENST00000382407

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001003894 NM_001003894, NM_001003895

CCDS: CCDS35486, CCDS35487

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000382407 — 1 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001491983	24045793	24048019

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth tissue_specific, 4 present calls, max score 46.15.

Top tissues by expression

132 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	46.15	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	46.11	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	45.48	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	37.20	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	36.48	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	36.47	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	36.16	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	35.49	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	33.38	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	32.15	gold quality
bone marrow	UBERON:0002371	31.74	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	31.06	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	30.93	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	29.87	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	29.04	gold quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	28.14	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	28.04	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	27.57	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	27.05	gold quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	26.55	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	26.42	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	26.19	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	26.14	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	26.05	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	25.98	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	25.89	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	25.81	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	25.72	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	24.87	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	24.61	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 0.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

27 targeting CDY1B, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3134	100.00	66.43	777
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-145-5P	99.92	71.13	1836
HSA-MIR-5195-3P	99.92	70.92	1877
HSA-MIR-520F-3P	99.82	71.32	1216
HSA-MIR-4804-3P	99.65	67.78	866
HSA-MIR-5584-3P	99.23	68.79	1351
HSA-MIR-4426	99.17	66.74	1949
HSA-MIR-485-5P	99.10	64.78	1889
HSA-MIR-6884-5P	99.10	64.50	1987
HSA-MIR-4720-3P	98.50	68.88	988
HSA-MIR-581	98.39	67.42	835
HSA-MIR-4662B	98.33	66.37	1163
HSA-MIR-4647	98.30	66.41	1139
HSA-MIR-1262	98.17	66.52	757
HSA-MIR-4701-3P	98.17	66.25	788
HSA-MIR-6736-5P	98.17	66.43	760
HSA-MIR-3620-5P	97.42	63.95	792
HSA-MIR-10400-3P	97.29	64.66	597
HSA-MIR-4674	97.29	64.62	597
HSA-MIR-27A-5P	97.01	65.63	528
HSA-MIR-1587	96.95	64.03	932
HSA-MIR-664B-5P	96.74	67.50	509
HSA-MIR-2909	96.36	67.30	562
HSA-MIR-4761-3P	96.27	66.26	524
HSA-MIR-4453	95.61	65.84	436
HSA-MIR-4538	95.61	65.34	449

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• study reported a new type of AZFc deletion (gr/gr-DAZ2-DAZ4-CDY1b) and hypothesis that this new deletion is the result of 2 successive events favored by the unstable structure of AZFc region; also demonstrated that this deletion constitutes a relative high-risk factor for male infertility in Tunisian population (PMID:27457284)

Cross-species orthologs

12 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	cdyl	ENSDARG00000038985
mus_musculus	Cdyl	ENSMUSG00000059288
rattus_norvegicus	AABR07039112.1	ENSRNOG00000022855
drosophila_melanogaster	CG14787	FBGN0027793
drosophila_melanogaster	CG8778	FBGN0033761
drosophila_melanogaster	Dci	FBGN0035169
drosophila_melanogaster	HIPP1	FBGN0037027
drosophila_melanogaster	Srlp	FBGN0038049
drosophila_melanogaster	CG5611	FBGN0039531
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001152
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001154
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00007130

Paralogs (13): ECHDC1 (ENSG00000093144), ECH1 (ENSG00000104823), ECHDC2 (ENSG00000121310), ECHS1 (ENSG00000127884), CDY2B (ENSG00000129873), ECHDC3 (ENSG00000134463), AUH (ENSG00000148090), CDYL (ENSG00000153046), CDYL2 (ENSG00000166446), ECI1 (ENSG00000167969), CDY1 (ENSG00000172288), CDY2A (ENSG00000182415), HIBCH (ENSG00000198130)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Testis-specific chromodomain protein Y 1 — Q9Y6F8 (reviewed: Q9Y6F8)

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9Y6F8

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Has histone acetyltransferase activity, with a preference for histone H4.

Subunit / interactions. Interacts (via chromo domain) with histone H3K9me3.

Subcellular location. Nucleus.

Tissue specificity. Testis-specific. Detected in spermatids (at protein level).

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9Y6F8-1	1	yes
Q9Y6F8-2	2

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001003894, NP_001003895 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000953	Chromo/chromo_shadow_dom	Domain
IPR001753	Enoyl-CoA_hydra/iso	Domain
IPR014748	Enoyl-CoA_hydra_C	Homologous_superfamily
IPR016197	Chromo-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR017984	Chromo_dom_subgr	Domain
IPR023779	Chromodomain_CS	Conserved_site
IPR023780	Chromo_domain	Domain
IPR029045	ClpP/crotonase-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR051053	ECH/Chromodomain_protein	Family

Pfam: PF00378, PF00385

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• L-lysyl-[protein] + acetyl-CoA = N(6)-acetyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + CoA + H(+) (RHEA:45948)

UniProt features (28 total): helix 13, strand 9, chain 1, domain 1, region of interest 1, turn 1, compositionally biased region 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

2 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
6V41	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.6
2FBM	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.28

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9Y6F8-F1	70.79	0.49

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 46 (showing top): GOBP_MALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_DEVELOPMENTAL_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REPRODUCTION, GOBP_PROTEIN_ACYLATION, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_MODIFICATION_PROCESS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_MODIFICATION_PROCESS, GOMF_ACETYLTRANSFERASE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_ACYLTRANSFERASE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_N_ACYLTRANSFERASE_ACTIVITY, GOMF_TRANSCRIPTION_COREPRESSOR_ACTIVITY, GOMF_N_ACETYLTRANSFERASE_ACTIVITY, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, chrYq11, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_NUCLEOBASE_CONTAINING_COMPOUND_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOMF_TRANSCRIPTION_COREGULATOR_ACTIVITY

GO Biological Process (4): spermatogenesis (GO:0007283), chromatin organization (GO:0006325), chromatin remodeling (GO:0006338), negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)

GO Molecular Function (7): transcription corepressor activity (GO:0003714), histone H3K27me3 reader activity (GO:0061628), protein-lysine-acetyltransferase activity (GO:0061733), histone H3K9me2/3 reader activity (GO:0062072), histone acetyltransferase activity (GO:0004402), transferase activity (GO:0016740), acyltransferase activity (GO:0016746)

GO Cellular Component (1): nucleus (GO:0005634)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
histone H3 reader activity	2
developmental process involved in reproduction	1
male gamete generation	1
cellular component organization	1
chromatin organization	1
DNA-templated transcription	1
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	1
negative regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
transcription coregulator activity	1
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	1
protein N-acetyltransferase activity	1
protein-lysine-acetyltransferase activity	1
histone modifying activity	1
catalytic activity	1
transferase activity	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2288 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CDY1B	BPY2	O14599	964
CDY1B	DAZ1	Q9NQZ3	956
CDY1B	DAZ2	Q13117	943
CDY1B	VCY	O14598	918
CDY1B	PRY	O14603	916
CDY1B	E7ERQ6	E7ERQ6	916
CDY1B	RBMY1A1	P0DJD3	852
CDY1B	USP9Y	O00507	789
CDY1B	DDX3Y	O15523	765
CDY1B	UTY	O14607	764
CDY1B	TSPY1	P09002	720
CDY1B	RBMY1D	P0C7P1	717
CDY1B	HSFY1	Q96LI6	714
CDY1B	KDM5D	Q9BY66	546
CDY1B	RPS4Y2	Q8TD47	529

IntAct

0 interactions, top by confidence:

BioGRID (7): CDY1 (Synthetic Growth Defect), CDY1 (Proximity Label-MS), CDY1 (Affinity Capture-MS), LIG1 (Protein-peptide), CDY1 (Affinity Capture-MS), VWA3A (Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)), CDY1B (Reconstituted Complex)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0B7P3V8, A4FUB7, A4H7G5, A4HVU6, A6NKG5, B4NSS9, B6EU02, F4I1N8, H2KZW3, O10318, O13329, P04586, P0C2J7, P18475, P34601, P47024, Q01577, Q05101, Q09178, Q09293, Q1L6Q1, Q3S4A7, Q4DCH3, Q4QFY1, Q4R6I1, Q52QI2, Q57X81, Q5RBK0, Q5RDX4, Q62120, Q66H30, Q6R2W3, Q7KLI1, Q7LHG5, Q8CDM1, Q8K259, Q8N157, Q90179, Q91829, Q99315

Diamond homologs: A0A0P0VUY4, G3V8T1, O60016, O95931, P05205, P23198, P29227, P30658, P45968, P45973, P60889, P83916, P83917, Q10103, Q13185, Q14781, Q3TYA6, Q5F3W5, Q5KQL9, Q5R6X7, Q61686, Q6AYK9, Q8N8U2, Q8VDS3, Q94F87, Q99549, Q9AXT8, Q9D5D8, Q9WTK2, Q9Y232, Q9Y6F7, Q9Y6F8, G5EDE2, G5EET5, O43463, O54864, O95503, Q2NL30, Q339W7, Q5RB81

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

1 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	0
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
4526302	GRCh38/hg38 Yq11.222-12(chrY:18851940-57212132)x0	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

12 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
Y:24046269:C:G	acceptor_gain	0.3600
Y:24047169:C:CT	donor_gain	0.2700
Y:24047170:C:CT	donor_gain	0.2600
Y:24047884:A:AC	donor_gain	0.2500
Y:24047885:C:CC	donor_gain	0.2500
Y:24047663:TCA:T	donor_gain	0.2300
Y:24047884:ACTG:A	donor_gain	0.2300
Y:24047885:CTGC:C	donor_gain	0.2300
Y:24046189:A:AC	donor_gain	0.2100
Y:24047168:A:AC	donor_gain	0.2100
Y:24047048:A:C	donor_gain	0.2000
Y:24047224:GCCAC:G	acceptor_gain	0.2000

AlphaMissense

3584 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

dbSNP variants (sampled 12 via entrez): RS113904488 (Y:24048302 T>C), RS1556277899 (Y:24045650 G>C), RS1556277909 (Y:24047308 G>A), RS1556277919 (Y:24047507 T>C), RS1556277927 (Y:24047772 G>A), RS2522026135 (Y:24044538 GAAAA>G,GA,GAA), RS2522026165 (Y:24045808 GT>G), RS2522026176 (Y:24046768 AT>A), RS2522026234 (Y:24048223 GT>G), RS2522026240 (Y:24048297 C>CGTTTT), RS2522026251 (Y:24048732 T>C), RS2522026256 (Y:24048740 T>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene `` | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): male infertility (MONDO:0005372)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D007248	Infertility, Male	C12.100.500.430; C12.100.750.700; C12.200.294.430

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL3879864 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

13 potent at pChembl≥5 of 43 total, top 12 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
6.10	Kd	800	nM	CHEMBL4442553
6.00	Kd	1000	nM	CHEMBL1524534
5.82	Kd	1500	nM	CHEMBL4444535
5.77	Kd	1700	nM	CHEMBL4553597
5.57	Kd	2700	nM	CHEMBL4569763
5.40	Kd	4000	nM	CHEMBL4455971
5.36	Kd	4400	nM	CHEMBL4541008
5.35	Kd	4500	nM	CHEMBL4469115
5.34	Kd	4600	nM	CHEMBL4513804
5.24	Kd	5800	nM	CHEMBL4461125
5.20	Kd	6300	nM	CHEMBL3939958
5.19	Kd	6500	nM	CHEMBL4529457

PubChem BioAssay actives

26 with measured affinity, of 112 total; 12 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
N-naphthalen-1-yl-2-(2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)acetamide	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	0.8000	uM
N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3-yl)acetamide	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	1.0000	uM
5-methoxy-3-(2-naphthalen-2-yl-2-oxoethyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	1.5000	uM
6-bromo-3-(2-naphthalen-2-yl-2-oxoethyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	1.7000	uM
3-[2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl]-5-methoxy-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	2.7000	uM
2-(benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethanone	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	4.0000	uM
3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-fluoro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	4.4000	uM
3-[2-[4-(diethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]-5-fluoro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	4.5000	uM
3-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazole-5-carbonitrile	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	4.6000	uM
3-[2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	5.8000	uM
methyl (2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-6-(diethylamino)hexanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoate	1319527: Binding affinity to human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 chromodomain (1 to 101 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta BL21(DE3)pLysS by ITC method	kd	6.3000	uM
3-(2-naphthalen-1-yl-2-oxoethyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one	1565816: Binding affinity to recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 (1 to 65 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL2 by SPR analysis	kd	6.5000	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

2 total (human), top 2 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases methylation	1

ChEMBL screening assays

4 unique, capped per target: 4 binding

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL3858702	Binding	Binding affinity to human N-terminal GST-tagged CDY1 chromodomain (1 to 101 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta BL21(DE3)pLysS by ITC method	Structure-Activity Relationships and Kinetic Studies of Peptidic Antagonists of CBX Chromodomains. — J Med Chem

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

125 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02202382	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Male Infertility
NCT02204826	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Semen Parameters in Male Infertility Patients: a Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Study
NCT03802864	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Post-operative Pain Control of Testicular Sperm Extraction Using Liposomal Bupivacaine
NCT06100432	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Effect of Eurycoma Longifolia (DLBS5055) and Multivitamins (Vitamin C+Vitamin E+ β-carotene) for Infertile Males
NCT07523022	PHASE4	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Comparison of the Effect of Gonadotropin and Clomiphene Citrate Treatment on Sperm Parameters and the Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Procedures in Subfertile Men Based on the APHRODITE Groups
NCT00975117	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Spermotrend in the Treatment of Male Infertility
NCT01407432	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Impact of Folates in the Care of the Male Infertility
NCT01895816	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Herbal Tonic Fertile Supplement(ZO2C5)
NCT02605070	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Pilot Study on the Effects of FSH Treatment on the Epigenetic Characteristics of Spermatozoa in Infertile Patients With Severe Oligozoospermia
NCT07402759	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Impact of tdrd9 Gene Mutations in the Therapeutic Response to L-carnitine in Oligoasthenozoospermic Men
NCT01880086	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Clomiphene Citrate for the Treatment of Low Testosterone Associated With Chronic Opioid Pain Medication Administration
NCT02061384	PHASE2	COMPLETED	RA-2 13-cis Retinoic Acid (Isotretinoin)
NCT02421887	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Males, Antioxidants, and Infertility Trial
NCT05200663	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Efficacy Comparison of Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen With Antioxidants on Semen Quality of Male With Idiopathic Infertility
NCT05290558	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	The Therapeutic Effects of Bu Shen Yi Jing Pill on Semen Quality in Sub Fertile Males: a Randomized Controlled Trial
NCT06091969	PHASE2	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Supplementation for Male Subfertility
NCT01595308	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effect of Pomegranate Juice on Semen Parameters in Healthy Male Volunteers
NCT02122211	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Choline Dehydrogenase and Sperm Function: Effects of Betaine
NCT02575924	PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Influence of Culture Media on Clinical Outcomes in Poor Responders or Severe Male Infertility
NCT01304927	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Vitamin D Supplementation and Male Infertility: The CBG-study a Randomized Clinical Trial
NCT02349945	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	FSH Receptor Polymorphism p.N680S and Efficacy of FSH Therapy
NCT05222841	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	The Effectiveness of Spermotrend Food Supplement in the Treatment of Male Infertility
NCT05616598	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Effect of New Oral Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus on Seminal Parameters
NCT02025270	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	MSCs For Treatment of Azoospermic Patients
NCT04541459	EARLY_PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Validation of New Devices Against Ambient Electromagnetic Radiation
NCT05792813	EARLY_PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Efficacy and Safety of Linggui Yangyuan Paste in Patients With Male Infertility
NCT06188936	EARLY_PHASE1	COMPLETED	Home Semen Analysis Tests As a Screening Tool for Fertility Patients
NCT00012480	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effect of Environmental Exposures on the Egg Fertilizing Ability of Human Sperm
NCT00044369	Not specified	COMPLETED	Role of the Toxic Metal Cadmium in the Mechanism Producing Infertility With a Varicocele
NCT00119925	Not specified	UNKNOWN	‘SPRING’-Study: Subfertility Guidelines: Patient Related Implementation in the Netherlands Among Gynaecologists
NCT00178516	Not specified	COMPLETED	Vitamin E and Male Infertility
NCT00315029	Not specified	COMPLETED	Patient-Centered Implementation Trial for Single Embryo Transfer
NCT00341120	Not specified	COMPLETED	Genetic Causes of Male Infertility
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NCT00961558	Not specified	TERMINATED	Canadian Varicocelectomy Initiative (CVI): Effects on Male Fertility and Testicular Function of Varicocelectomy
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NCT01178463	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Spermatogonial Stem Cells in Azoospermic Patients: a Comparison Between Obstructive and Non-obstructive Azoospermia