CGB3
gene geneOn this page
Summary
CGB3 (chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 3, HGNC:1886) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 19q13.33, encoding Choriogonadotropin subunit beta 3 (P0DN86). Beta subunit of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). hCG is a complex glycoprotein composed of two glycosylated subunits alpha and beta which are non-covalently associated.
This gene is a member of the glycoprotein hormone beta chain family and encodes the beta 3 subunit of chorionic gonadotropin (CG). Glycoprotein hormones are heterodimers consisting of a common alpha subunit and an unique beta subunit which confers biological specificity. CG is produced by the trophoblastic cells of the placenta and stimulates the ovaries to synthesize the steroids that are essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. The beta subunit of CG is encoded by 6 genes which are arranged in tandem and inverted pairs on chromosome 19q13.3 and contiguous with the luteinizing hormone beta subunit gene.
Source: NCBI Gene 1082 — RefSeq curated summary.
At a glance
- Clinical variants (ClinVar): 6 total
- MANE Select transcript:
NM_000737
Identifiers
Gene identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| HGNC ID | HGNC:1886 |
| Approved symbol | CGB3 |
| Name | chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 3 |
| Location | 19q13.33 |
| Locus type | gene with protein product |
| Status | Approved |
| Ensembl gene | ENSG00000104827 |
| Ensembl biotype | protein_coding |
| OMIM | 118860 |
| Entrez | 1082 |
Gene structure
Transcript identifiers
Ensembl transcripts: 1 — 1 protein_coding
ENST00000357383
RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_000737
NM_000737
CCDS: CCDS12749
Canonical transcript exons
ENST00000357383 — 3 exons
| Exon | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| ENSE00002439903 | 49022869 | 49023200 |
| ENSE00002898348 | 49023957 | 49024333 |
| ENSE00003509711 | 49023436 | 49023603 |
Expression profiles
Bgee: expression breadth broad, 65 present calls, max score 85.24.
Top tissues by expression
104 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):
| Tissue | Anatomy ID | Expression score | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| placenta | UBERON:0001987 | 85.24 | gold quality |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473 | 83.90 | silver quality |
| pituitary gland | UBERON:0000007 | 60.34 | gold quality |
| adenohypophysis | UBERON:0002196 | 59.96 | gold quality |
| body of pancreas | UBERON:0001150 | 57.56 | gold quality |
| duodenum | UBERON:0002114 | 52.24 | gold quality |
| olfactory segment of nasal mucosa | UBERON:0005386 | 48.46 | gold quality |
| granulocyte | CL:0000094 | 48.04 | silver quality |
| adrenal tissue | UBERON:0018303 | 47.40 | gold quality |
| pancreas | UBERON:0001264 | 47.35 | gold quality |
| right testis | UBERON:0004534 | 47.33 | gold quality |
| left testis | UBERON:0004533 | 46.57 | gold quality |
| mucosa of stomach | UBERON:0001199 | 46.52 | gold quality |
| testis | UBERON:0000473 | 45.91 | gold quality |
| body of stomach | UBERON:0001161 | 45.62 | gold quality |
| primordial germ cell in gonad | CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991 | 43.82 | gold quality |
| lower esophagus mucosa | UBERON:0035834 | 43.72 | silver quality |
| apex of heart | UBERON:0002098 | 43.64 | silver quality |
| stomach | UBERON:0000945 | 43.31 | gold quality |
| left adrenal gland | UBERON:0001234 | 41.24 | gold quality |
| left adrenal gland cortex | UBERON:0035825 | 40.62 | gold quality |
| fundus of stomach | UBERON:0001160 | 40.34 | gold quality |
| adrenal gland | UBERON:0002369 | 39.65 | gold quality |
| hindlimb stylopod muscle | UBERON:0004252 | 37.78 | silver quality |
| small intestine | UBERON:0002108 | 37.58 | gold quality |
| colonic epithelium | UBERON:0000397 | 37.20 | gold quality |
| small intestine Peyer’s patch | UBERON:0003454 | 37.01 | gold quality |
| ventricular zone | UBERON:0003053 | 36.48 | gold quality |
| cortical plate | UBERON:0005343 | 36.47 | gold quality |
| right uterine tube | UBERON:0001302 | 36.36 | silver quality |
Single-cell (SCXA)
Detected in 8 experiment(s), a significant marker in 6.
| Experiment | Marker? | Max mean expression |
|---|---|---|
| E-MTAB-7407 | yes | 22446.20 |
| E-HCAD-24 | yes | 6678.28 |
| E-MTAB-10018 | yes | 1270.28 |
| E-HCAD-23 | yes | 438.59 |
| E-MTAB-3929 | yes | 169.91 |
| E-HCAD-5 | yes | 29.23 |
| E-MTAB-8060 | no | 7704.86 |
| E-ANND-3 | no | 0.49 |
Regulation
Is transcription factor: no
Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): EGR1, ETS2, JUN, KLF6, NANOG, POU5F1, PPARA, PPARG, RXRA, SP1, SP3, TFAP2A
Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)
- Isolation and purification using affinity capture MALDI-TOF MS was enhanced 3-fold by a method of orienting immunoglobulin G using immobilized recombinant Fc receptor protein G. (PMID:12175153)
- Deleting the native acceptor sites exposes a new site for O-glycosylation and promotes a differential intracellular processing and folding of the beta subunit. (PMID:12242028)
- Expressed in human decidual tissue in patients during tubal pregnancy (PMID:12569177)
- Expression of the free beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin in renal cell carcinoma: prognostic study on tissue and serum (PMID:12594819)
- Decrease in molecular weight of dimeric chimeras digested with endoglycosidase-F was greater in Calpha than that in alphaC after treatment with neuraminidase, revealing that both chimeras have different numbers of sialic acids on O-linked carbohydrates. (PMID:15004409)
- elevated b-HCG levels in our study were associated with pre-eclampsia.There is a statistically significant correlation between high levels of b-HCG and increased numbers of intrauterine growth restriction and newborns delivered in poor condition. (PMID:15048184)
- Substitution of arginine(68) of the beta-subunit (hCG(beta)) with glutamic acid (R68E) profoundly reduces the cross-reactivity while refocusing the immune response to the hCG(beta)-specific C-terminal peptide (CTP). (PMID:15718290)
- Overexpression of HCG beta is associated with adenoma formation (PMID:16007123)
- HCGbeta is directly responsible for changes in prostate carcinoma cells associated with an increased metastatic phenotype (PMID:16323172)
- the Gly residue at site X(3) (G(3)) in the CXGXC motif of hCG is essential for heterodimer formation of glycoprotein hormones (PMID:16543672)
- In pertussis toxin-treated BeWo cells, 6-chloromelatonin stimulated basal hCG-beta secretion (P < 0.001). (PMID:16632463)
- Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank test revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between patients with elevated or normal levels of serum and/or urinary total hCGbeta. (PMID:16651852)
- hCGB suppresses breast cancer growth by triggering apoptosis via Bax and p53 pathways. (PMID:16924466)
- The data presented here support the model of glycoprotein hormone-receptor interaction in which the hormone binds to the extracellular domain through the beta subunit and then the alpha subunit is brought in contact with the transmembrane domain. (PMID:17045394)
- An intracellular intact hCG beta-subunit form that showed the transient expression of the hCG-beta-core fragment epitope beta11 in the course of the maturation of this subunit, is described. (PMID:17059865)
- hCGalpha is not derived from heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones suggesting hCG-independent functions of hCGalpha and hCGbeta in male and female fertility. (PMID:17097221)
- The increased hCGbeta concentrations in body fluids of patients with aggressive bladder cancer may be due to overexpression of type II genes. (PMID:17139196)
- in patients with complex congenital malformations amniotic fluid levels of beta-hCG were higher than in controls (PMID:17141398)
- The approach of fusing the alpha and beta subunits of human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) to produce a single chain hormone (phCGalphabeta) was used to investigate roles of critical residues of the alpha subunit in hormone receptor interaction. (PMID:17143726)
- Patients with preexisting systemic lupus erythematosus have increased maternal serum-free beta-hCG levels in the first-trimester. (PMID:17437322)
- Data shows that the GPHalpha in the hCG alphabeta-heterodimers decelerates the maturation of the hCGbeta portion in the heterodimer complex. (PMID:17761764)
- Endometrial IGF-I and -II are differentially regulated during decidualization and by human chorionic gonadotropin. (PMID:18022169)
- Data suggests that the expressional profile of CGB genes, activated already in blastocyst stage, is associated with the status of pregnancy. The presence of CGB transcripts in testes may indicate a role in male reproductive tract. (PMID:18048458)
- LH/hCGR, coexpressed with hCGbeta, may act as a potential mediator of hCG action in nontrophoblastic gynecological cancers (PMID:18217981)
- These data suggest that human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit may act as a tumor growth-stimulating factor. (PMID:18339208)
- Alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin beta are elevated in high-grade neuroendocrine tumors with a rapidly progressive course and poorer survival. (PMID:18577995)
- Elevated beta human chorionic gonadotrophin is associated with seminoma (PMID:18578862)
- Expression correlates with reduced cervical squamous carcinoma cell apoptosis and may be involved in tumor vascularization and dissemination. (PMID:18752498)
- Sensitivity of breast cancer cells to hormones that target beta-HCG may favor invasive breast cancer. (PMID:18758818)
- Elevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin is associated with primary central nervous system germ cell tumors. (PMID:18802946)
- Early prediction of fetuses being SGA is feasible with the combination of first trimester PAPP-A, beta-hCG and ADAM12. (PMID:19003798)
- Although, beta-hCG is expressed in the majority of pituitary adenomas, more especially in NFPA, it is un-related to the risk of tumour recurrence or cellular proliferation as measured by Ki-67 nuclear labelling. (PMID:19005764)
- Median values in pregnant smokers versus nonsmokers does not affect diagnosis of Down syndrome in the first trimester. (PMID:19106261)
- Secretory trafficking signal encoded in the carboxyl-terminal region of the CGbeta-subunit. (PMID:19131508)
- maternal smoking associated with a reduction in cord blood beta-hCG (PMID:19290844)
- Data show that specific antibodies against purified beta-hCG forms had comparable titers and could be used in diagnostic kits. (PMID:19501580)
- beta-hCG has been found in a phyllodes tumor of the breast. (PMID:19624411)
- hCG gene expression is differentially regulated in villous and invasive extravillous trophoblasts during their in vitro differentiation and modulated in an opposite way by PPARgamma. (PMID:19846218)
- This is first evidence of a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a peptide derived from chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-beta antigen and is capable of suppressing tumor growth, both dose-dependently and in a major histocompatibility (HLA-A*0201) context. (PMID:20065111)
- Case Report: Mediastinal tumor diagnosed as thymic adenocarcinoma producing beta-hCG, and the tumor had originated from the thymus. (PMID:20421278)
Cross-species orthologs
1 orthologs
| Organism | Symbol | Gene ID |
|---|---|---|
| drosophila_melanogaster | Gpb5 | FBGN0063368 |
Paralogs (9): CGB2 (ENSG00000104818), LHB (ENSG00000104826), FSHB (ENSG00000131808), TSHB (ENSG00000134200), GPHB5 (ENSG00000179600), CGB5 (ENSG00000189052), CGB7 (ENSG00000196337), CGB8 (ENSG00000213030), CGB1 (ENSG00000267631)
Protein
Protein identifiers
Choriogonadotropin subunit beta 3 — P0DN86 (reviewed: P0DN86)
Alternative names: Choriogonadotropin subunit beta, Chorionic gonadotropin chain beta
All UniProt accessions (2): P0DN86, A0A0F7RQP8
UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →
Function. Beta subunit of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). hCG is a complex glycoprotein composed of two glycosylated subunits alpha and beta which are non-covalently associated. The alpha subunit is identical to those in the pituitary gonadotropin hormones (LH, FSH and TSH). The beta subunits are distinct in each of the hormones and confer receptor and biological specificity. Has an essential role in pregnancy and maternal adaptation. Stimulates the ovaries to synthesize the steroids that are essential for the maintenance of pregnancy.
Subunit / interactions. Heterodimer of a common alpha chain identical in LH, FSH, TSH and HCG and a unique beta chain distinct in each of the hormones.
Subcellular location. Secreted.
Tissue specificity. High expression in the placenta throughout pregnancy.
Miscellaneous. Encoded by a cluster of genes that have evolved by duplication from LHB. HCG-beta is encoded by six non-allelic genes (CGB) clustered on chromosome 19q13.3 and named CGB1, CGB2, CGB3, CGB5, CGB7 and CGB8. Two specific hCGb proteins that differ by three amino acids in positions 2,4 and 117 have been described: type 1 (CGB7) and type 2 (CGB3, CGB5, CGB8). The CGB gene first arose in the common ancestor of the anthropoid primates.
Similarity. Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit beta family.
Isoforms (2)
| UniProt ID | Names | Canonical? |
|---|---|---|
| P0DN86-1 | 1 | yes |
| P0DN86-2 | 2 |
RefSeq proteins (1): NP_000728* (*=MANE)
Domains & families (InterPro)
| ID | Name | Type |
|---|---|---|
| IPR001545 | Gonadotropin_bsu | Family |
| IPR006208 | Glyco_hormone_CN | Domain |
| IPR018245 | Gonadotropin_bsu_CS | Conserved_site |
| IPR029034 | Cystine-knot_cytokine | Homologous_superfamily |
Pfam: PF00007
UniProt features (37 total): sequence variant 9, disulfide bond 6, strand 6, glycosylation site 6, sequence conflict 4, signal peptide 1, chain 1, splice variant 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1, turn 1
Structure
Experimental structures (PDB)
7 structures.
| PDB | Method | Resolution (Å) |
|---|---|---|
| 1HCN | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.6 |
| 9RHU | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 2.65 |
| 1HRP | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 3 |
| 7FIH | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.2 |
| 1QFW | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 3.5 |
| 7FIG | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.9 |
| 7FII | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.3 |
Predicted structure (AlphaFold)
| Model | pLDDT | Fraction very-high |
|---|---|---|
| AF-P0DN86-F1 | 79.10 | 0.47 |
Antibody-complex structures (SAbDab): 2 — 1QFW, 7FIG
Functional residue map
Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.
Disulfide bonds (6): 29–77, 43–92, 46–130, 54–108, 58–110, 113–120
Glycosylation sites (6): 33, 50, 141, 147, 152, 158
Function
Pathways and Gene Ontology
Reactome pathways
2 pathways
| ID | Pathway |
|---|---|
| R-HSA-209822 | Glycoprotein hormones |
| R-HSA-8866910 | TFAP2 (AP-2) family regulates transcription of growth factors and their receptors |
MSigDB gene sets: 49 (showing top):
MODULE_92, CHIBA_RESPONSE_TO_TSA_UP, ENK_UV_RESPONSE_KERATINOCYTE_UP, KORKOLA_CHORIOCARCINOMA, GOBP_CELL_CELL_SIGNALING, GOBP_HORMONE_MEDIATED_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_HORMONE_STIMULUS, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_HORMONE, HELLER_HDAC_TARGETS_SILENCED_BY_METHYLATION_UP, GOBP_FEMALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, GOMF_SIGNALING_RECEPTOR_BINDING, MODULE_38, HUANG_FOXA2_TARGETS_DN, BALDWIN_PRKCI_TARGETS_UP, MODULE_382
GO Biological Process (6): apoptotic process (GO:0006915), signal transduction (GO:0007165), G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186), cell-cell signaling (GO:0007267), female gamete generation (GO:0007292), hormone-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0009755)
GO Molecular Function (3): hormone activity (GO:0005179), signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102), protein binding (GO:0005515)
GO Cellular Component (4): extracellular region (GO:0005576), obsolete extracellular space (GO:0005615), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), pituitary gonadotropin complex (GO:0061696)
Reactome top-level categories
Rollup of top-2 pathways:
| Category | Pathways |
|---|---|
| Peptide hormone biosynthesis | 1 |
| Transcriptional regulation by the AP-2 (TFAP2) family of transcription factors | 1 |
GO top-level categories
Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:
| Category | Terms |
|---|---|
| cell communication | 2 |
| signaling | 2 |
| signal transduction | 2 |
| cellular anatomical structure | 2 |
| programmed cell death | 1 |
| apoptotic signaling pathway | 1 |
| execution phase of apoptosis | 1 |
| cellular process | 1 |
| regulation of cellular process | 1 |
| cellular response to stimulus | 1 |
| G protein-coupled receptor activity | 1 |
| gamete generation | 1 |
| cellular response to hormone stimulus | 1 |
| receptor ligand activity | 1 |
| protein binding | 1 |
| binding | 1 |
| intracellular anatomical structure | 1 |
| extracellular protein-containing complex | 1 |
Protein interactions and networks
STRING
0 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):
IntAct
10 interactions, top by confidence:
| A | B | Type | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| CGA | CGB5 | psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction) | 0.590 |
| CGA | CGB5 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.590 |
| CGB5 | SMCP | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.560 |
| CGB5 | GPHA2 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.370 |
| CGB5 | CFTR | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.370 |
| CGB5 | IGSF3 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.350 |
| CGB5 | DNAJC5 | psi-mi:“MI:2364”(proximity) | 0.270 |
| CGB5 | SMCP | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.000 |
ESM2 similar proteins: A6NKQ9, B1AWI6, G7PWZ3, I6M4H4, O09108, O46482, O46483, O46641, O77805, O77835, P01229, P01230, P01231, P01232, P04651, P07434, P08751, P0DN86, P0DN87, P17490, P19794, P27767, P30984, P43021, P45646, P45657, P51500, Q04997, Q1L6U9, Q2Q1P0, Q2Q1P1, Q2Q1P2, Q3HRV3, Q3S2X5, Q6EV78, Q6HA10, Q6NT52, Q6PX77, Q7ZZV4, Q8CB67
Diamond homologs: A1BN60, A1BN61, A6NKQ9, O09108, O13050, O46430, O46482, O46483, O46641, O57340, O73824, O77805, O77835, P01222, P01223, P01224, P01225, P01226, P01227, P01228, P01229, P01230, P01231, P01232, P01235, P04651, P04652, P04837, P07434, P07732, P08751, P0DN86, P0DN87, P10256, P10257, P12656, P12837, P18427, P19794, P25330
SIGNOR signaling
0 interactions.
Disease & clinical
Clinical variants and AI predictions
ClinVar
6 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):
| Classification | Count (floor) |
|---|---|
| Pathogenic | 0 |
| Likely pathogenic | 0 |
| Uncertain significance | 2 |
| Likely benign | 3 |
| Benign | 0 |
Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)
SpliceAI
360 predictions. Top by Δscore:
| Variant | Effect | Δscore |
|---|---|---|
| 19:49023431:CTCA:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023432:TCACC:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023433:CACCA:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023434:A:AC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023434:A:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023435:C:CC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023600:GCCCC:G | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023601:CCCCT:C | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023602:CC:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023603:CC:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023604:C:T | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023604:CTGGG:C | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023605:T:A | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023605:T:G | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 19:49023434:AC:A | donor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023435:CC:C | donor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023435:CCATG:C | donor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023599:AGCCC:A | acceptor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023600:GCCC:G | acceptor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023601:CCC:C | acceptor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023601:CCCC:C | acceptor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023602:CCC:C | acceptor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023604:C:CC | acceptor_gain | 0.9900 |
| 19:49023435:CCA:C | donor_gain | 0.9800 |
| 19:49023435:CCAT:C | donor_gain | 0.9800 |
| 19:49023209:C:CT | acceptor_gain | 0.9700 |
| 19:49023209:CG:C | acceptor_gain | 0.9700 |
| 19:49023210:G:C | acceptor_gain | 0.9700 |
| 19:49023196:CGGGT:C | acceptor_gain | 0.9600 |
| 19:49023208:CCG:C | acceptor_gain | 0.9600 |
AlphaMissense
0 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:
dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000188204 (19:49024229 A>G), RS1001094233 (19:49022790 C>G,T), RS1002922053 (19:49025469 C>T), RS1003371215 (19:49024504 C>G,T), RS1003446977 (19:49025577 T>A), RS1003664234 (19:49024265 G>A,C), RS1004927151 (19:49023200 T>C), RS1005175015 (19:49026184 G>T), RS1005451326 (19:49023695 C>G,T), RS1006843500 (19:49025658 C>A,T), RS1006874808 (19:49025768 C>T), RS1007663726 (19:49025236 G>C), RS1010073014 (19:49025807 C>G,T), RS1010104150 (19:49025897 G>A), RS1011782493 (19:49025445 G>A,T)
Disease associations
OMIM: gene MIM:118860 | disease phenotypes:
GenCC curated gene-disease
Mondo (0):
Orphanet (0):
HPO phenotypes
0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):
GWAS associations
0 associations (top):
Drugs & pharmacology
Drug and pharmacology data
Is drug target: no
PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)
CTD chemical–gene interactions
92 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.
| Chemical | Actions (top 5) | PubMed papers |
|---|---|---|
| Progesterone | increases chemical synthesis, increases abundance, affects abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases activity (+6 more) | 15 |
| Testosterone | affects cotreatment, increases secretion, decreases abundance, decreases reaction, increases abundance (+1 more) | 9 |
| Atrazine | increases abundance, increases chemical synthesis, increases secretion, increases reaction, increases expression (+1 more) | 6 |
| Estradiol | affects abundance, increases abundance, increases chemical synthesis, decreases reaction, increases activity (+2 more) | 6 |
| Cyclic AMP | increases secretion, increases abundance, increases reaction, increases activity, affects cotreatment (+1 more) | 5 |
| Colforsin | increases secretion, affects cotreatment, affects reaction, decreases reaction, increases abundance (+2 more) | 4 |
| Androgens | increases reaction, increases abundance, decreases reaction, increases chemical synthesis | 3 |
| tributyltin | increases expression, increases secretion | 2 |
| triphenyltin chloride | increases expression, increases secretion | 2 |
| cobaltous chloride | decreases reaction, increases expression, increases reaction, decreases secretion | 2 |
| bromodichloromethane | decreases secretion | 2 |
| N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide | decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases reaction, affects reaction, increases expression | 2 |
| diphenyltin chloride | increases expression, increases secretion | 2 |
| tetrabutyltin | increases expression, increases secretion | 2 |
| Rosiglitazone | increases expression, increases secretion | 2 |
| Resveratrol | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression | 2 |
| Chlorpyrifos | increases expression, increases secretion | 2 |
| Plant Extracts | affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 2 |
| Tretinoin | decreases expression, increases expression | 2 |
| Valproic Acid | decreases reaction, increases expression, increases reaction, increases methylation | 2 |
| Aflatoxin B1 | increases expression | 2 |
| cyhexatin | increases expression, increases secretion | 1 |
| triptolide | decreases reaction, increases abundance | 1 |
| testosterone enanthate | decreases reaction, increases abundance, decreases response to substance | 1 |
| triphenyl phosphate | affects cotreatment, increases secretion, decreases reaction, increases expression | 1 |
| uranyl acetate | affects expression | 1 |
| pirinixic acid | decreases expression | 1 |
| bisphenol A | increases secretion | 1 |
| triphenyltin hydroxide | increases expression, increases secretion | 1 |
| mecoprop | decreases reaction, increases abundance, increases reaction | 1 |
Cellosaurus cell lines
2 cell lines: 2 cancer cell line
First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):
| Cellosaurus | Name | Category | Sex |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVCL_6618 | CSMalphabeta1h | Cancer cell line | Female |
| CVCL_6619 | CSMalphabeta6C | Cancer cell line | Female |
Clinical trials (associated diseases)
0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.
Related Atlas pages
No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.