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CHPF2

gene
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Also known as KIAA1402ChSy-3CSGlcA-T

Summary

CHPF2 (chondroitin polymerizing factor 2, HGNC:29270) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 7q36.1, encoding Chondroitin sulfate glucuronyltransferase (Q9P2E5). Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA to N-acetylgalactosamine residues on the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer.

Predicted to enable glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity. Located in membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 54480 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 2
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 157 total
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_019015

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:29270
Approved symbolCHPF2
Namechondroitin polymerizing factor 2
Location7q36.1
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesKIAA1402, ChSy-3, CSGlcA-T
Ensembl geneENSG00000033100
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM608037
Entrez54480

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 10 — 5 protein_coding, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay, 2 retained_intron

ENST00000035307, ENST00000465601, ENST00000482173, ENST00000495645, ENST00000685322, ENST00000689322, ENST00000690444, ENST00000690577, ENST00000691224, ENST00000692651

RefSeq mRNA: 5 — MANE Select: NM_019015 NM_001284295, NM_001389651, NM_001389652, NM_001389653, NM_019015

CCDS: CCDS34779, CCDS64803, CCDS94233, CCDS94234

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000035307 — 4 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00000730163151235048151235612
ENSE00000730164151236408151236590
ENSE00001030935151232483151234274
ENSE00001926893151237374151238822

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 141 present calls, max score 95.95.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 44.0842 / max 328.3492, expressed in 1824 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
8207143.82791823
820720.2562101

Top tissues by expression

144 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225595.95gold quality
pituitary glandUBERON:000000794.10gold quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219694.03gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009493.15gold quality
left adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582592.07gold quality
thymusUBERON:000237091.83silver quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123491.80gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123391.38gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582791.35gold quality
spleenUBERON:000210691.30gold quality
bloodUBERON:000017891.25gold quality
thoracic aortaUBERON:000151591.17gold quality
ascending aortaUBERON:000149691.12gold quality
adrenal glandUBERON:000236991.06gold quality
right coronary arteryUBERON:000162591.04gold quality
monocyteCL:000057690.38gold quality
descending thoracic aortaUBERON:000234590.28gold quality
leukocyteCL:000073890.24gold quality
quadriceps femorisUBERON:000137789.54gold quality
vermiform appendixUBERON:000115489.31gold quality
body of stomachUBERON:000116189.14gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209289.13gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115089.12gold quality
placentaUBERON:000198789.01gold quality
bone marrowUBERON:000237189.00gold quality
bone elementUBERON:000147488.99gold quality
adrenal tissueUBERON:001830388.71gold quality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002988.39gold quality
left coronary arteryUBERON:000162688.36gold quality
gall bladderUBERON:000211088.36gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes7.74
E-MTAB-4850no183.53

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

14 targeting CHPF2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-1250-3P99.9670.044038
HSA-MIR-185-3P99.9567.011743
HSA-MIR-335-3P99.9373.364958
HSA-MIR-6783-3P99.8967.922059
HSA-MIR-548AG99.7769.251492
HSA-MIR-548AI99.6969.241494
HSA-MIR-548BA99.6969.141514
HSA-MIR-570-5P99.6969.241494
HSA-MIR-182799.6368.573265
HSA-MIR-3120-3P99.5470.282669
HSA-MIR-6852-5P99.1766.692073
HSA-MIR-316698.2466.631223
HSA-MIR-6730-5P98.0368.121299
HSA-MIR-6886-3P96.9666.36844

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 5)

  • Results describe a novel human gene that possesses homology with chondroitin synthase. (PMID:12145278)
  • chondroitin polymerization is achieved by multiple combinations of ChSy-1, ChSy-2, CSGlcA-T, and ChPF and each combination may play a unique role in the biosynthesis of CS; CSGlcA-T is identified as chondroitin synthase-3 (ChSy-3) (PMID:18316376)
  • The present study focused on the expression of chondroitin-synthesizing enzymes in colorectal cancer. (PMID:21468578)
  • MEK-mediated CHPF2 phosphorylation promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by activating NF-kappaB signaling. (PMID:38253217)
  • Exosomal lncRNA DUXAP8 affecting CHPF2 in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms. (PMID:38341004)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriochpf2ENSDARG00000059961
mus_musculusChpf2ENSMUSG00000038181
rattus_norvegicusChpf2ENSRNOG00000010466
drosophila_melanogasterChpfFBGN0263005
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00003253

Paralogs (7): CHPF (ENSG00000123989), CHSY1 (ENSG00000131873), B4GALNT3 (ENSG00000139044), CSGALNACT1 (ENSG00000147408), CSGALNACT2 (ENSG00000169826), B4GALNT4 (ENSG00000182272), CHSY3 (ENSG00000198108)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Chondroitin sulfate glucuronyltransferase — Q9P2E5 (reviewed: Q9P2E5)

Alternative names: CSGlcA-T, Chondroitin glucuronyltransferase, Chondroitin polymerizing factor 2, Chondroitin synthase 3, N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase

All UniProt accessions (7): A0A8I5KRN5, A0A8I5KSK8, A0A8I5KUJ5, C9JZF7, Q9P2E5, G5E9W2, H7C5L5

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA to N-acetylgalactosamine residues on the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer. Has no N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity.

Subcellular location. Golgi apparatus. Golgi stack membrane.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in placenta, small intestine and pancreas.

Similarity. Belongs to the chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt IDNamesCanonical?
Q9P2E5-11yes
Q9P2E5-22

RefSeq proteins (5): NP_001271224, NP_001376580, NP_001376581, NP_001376582, NP_061888* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR008428Chond_GalNAcFamily
IPR051227CS_glycosyltransferaseFamily

Pfam: PF05679

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

  • EC 2.4.1.226 — N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase (BRENDA: 6 organisms, 31 substrates, 4 inhibitors, 6 Km, 0 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

4 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 4. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

SubstrateKm (mM)Measurements
UDP-GLUCURONIC ACID0.051–0.08242
C11-OLIGOSACCHARIDE OF CHONDROITIN SULFATE A0.0271
CHONDROITIN SULFATE UNDECASACCHARIDE0.06531
UDP-ALPHA-D-GLUCURONATE0.2631

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 2 shown:

  • 3-O-(beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 3-O-(beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (RHEA:23428)
  • 3-O-{beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl}-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 3-O-{beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl}-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (RHEA:54996)

UniProt features (10 total): topological domain 2, glycosylation site 2, splice variant 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9P2E5-F184.860.57

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (2): 121, 342

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-2022870CS-GAG biosynthesis

MSigDB gene sets: 102 (showing top): BUYTAERT_PHOTODYNAMIC_THERAPY_STRESS_DN, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CHONDROITIN_SULFATE_PROTEOGLYCAN_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GAZDA_DIAMOND_BLACKFAN_ANEMIA_PROGENITOR_DN, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, ROSS_AML_WITH_PML_RARA_FUSION, GOBP_CHONDROITIN_SULFATE_PROTEOGLYCAN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, MILI_PSEUDOPODIA_CHEMOTAXIS_DN, GOBP_PROTEIN_O_LINKED_GLYCOSYLATION, GOBP_GLYCOPROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, REACTOME_METABOLISM_OF_CARBOHYDRATES_AND_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVES, GOCC_GOLGI_STACK, GOCC_GOLGI_CISTERNA, GOCC_GOLGI_CISTERNA_MEMBRANE, GOCC_ORGANELLE_SUBCOMPARTMENT

GO Biological Process (1): chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process (GO:0050650)

GO Molecular Function (7): glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity (GO:0047238), N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity (GO:0050510), UDP-glycosyltransferase activity (GO:0008194), acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity (GO:0008376), transferase activity (GO:0016740), glycosyltransferase activity (GO:0016757), hexosyltransferase activity (GO:0016758)

GO Cellular Component (4): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), membrane (GO:0016020), Golgi cisterna membrane (GO:0032580)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate metabolism1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
glycosyltransferase activity2
proteoglycan biosynthetic process1
chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process1
protein O-linked glycosylation via xylose1
acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity1
glucuronosyltransferase activity1
UDP-glycosyltransferase activity1
hexosyltransferase activity1
catalytic activity1
transferase activity1
Golgi apparatus1
bounding membrane of organelle1
cytoplasm1
endomembrane system1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
cellular anatomical structure1
organelle membrane1
Golgi cisterna1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

804 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
CHPF2B4GALNT1Q00973675
CHPF2CHPFQ8IZ52675
CHPF2B3GAT3O94766638
CHPF2CHST13Q8NET6598
CHPF2B4GALT7Q9UBV7583
CHPF2B3GALT6Q96L58538
CHPF2CHST12Q9NRB3536
CHPF2CHST15Q7LFX5533
CHPF2EXTL1Q92935519
CHPF2CHST14Q8NCH0513
CHPF2CHST3Q7LGC8507
CHPF2EXTL3O43909497
CHPF2XYLT1Q86Y38490
CHPF2DSEQ9UL01472
CHPF2EXT1Q16394455

IntAct

97 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
B3GNT3PGRMC1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.670
SLC39A5FAM171A2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
PLOD2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
C1orf54EXTL3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
CREB3MYO9Apsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
CRPQSOX1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
CSGALNACT2TPST1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
BGLF3.5SEC16Apsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SCGB2A2GXYLT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
DPEP2KDELR3psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
MYO9Apsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
PLOD2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
POMKESYT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
ATG16L1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
PI15GLSpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
TMEM106AQSOX1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
PDGFRAGXYLT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
CLEC12BGXYLT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
MPPE1FAM234Bpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
LLCFC1POTEFpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
CCL3KRBA1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SCGB2A2RTL8Cpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
GPIHBP1SAC3D1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
DPEP2GET1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
C1orf54AGRNpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
TMEM25NME4psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
TMEM106ATMEM131Lpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
BTNL2TMEM131Lpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350
SFTPCTMEM131Lpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.350

BioGRID (94): CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-RNA), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Proximity Label-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHPF2 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1D5PJB7, A1A4Q9, A5YM72, A6NLP5, D3KCC4, I3L5V6, O43292, P10938, Q00973, Q05B52, Q09200, Q10468, Q14623, Q148G5, Q16586, Q2V8X7, Q3SZV0, Q561R2, Q5E9M9, Q5M868, Q5ZL13, Q66H45, Q69ZF3, Q6P3D0, Q6P7A1, Q6P9Z4, Q6SZW1, Q6TEC1, Q6ZPS2, Q7TMC8, Q864R5, Q86TX2, Q8IXI1, Q8N0W3, Q8N3Y3, Q8N6R0, Q8NF37, Q8NI29, Q8TCD5, Q8VBW8

Diamond homologs: Q6IQX7, Q8IZ52, Q9P2E5

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 130 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Metal ion SLC transporters534.1×3e-05
R-HSA-425366612.4×7e-04
SLC transporter disorders511.6×5e-03
Metabolism of carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives68.2×5e-03
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport117.4×3e-05
Transport of small molecules123.4×9e-03

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis551.1×1e-05
zinc ion transmembrane transport638.3×4e-06
intracellular zinc ion homeostasis626.3×2e-05

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

157 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance142
Likely benign7
Benign1

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1721 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
7:151236406:A:AGacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151236406:AG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151236406:AGG:Aacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151236407:G:GGacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151236407:GG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151236407:GGG:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151236589:AG:Adonor_loss1.0000
7:151236590:GG:Gdonor_loss1.0000
7:151236591:GTGA:Gdonor_loss1.0000
7:151236592:T:Adonor_loss1.0000
7:151239391:CATA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
7:151239392:ATAC:Adonor_loss1.0000
7:151239393:TA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
7:151239394:A:Cdonor_loss1.0000
7:151239395:C:CAdonor_loss1.0000
7:151239395:CCTTG:Cdonor_gain1.0000
7:151239494:TCAC:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151239495:CAC:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151239495:CACC:Cacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151239498:C:CCacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151239569:T:Adonor_gain1.0000
7:151239573:T:Adonor_gain1.0000
7:151239601:ACTC:Adonor_gain1.0000
7:151239602:CTCC:Cdonor_gain1.0000
7:151239604:C:CAdonor_gain1.0000
7:151239605:C:Adonor_gain1.0000
7:151239614:C:CAdonor_gain1.0000
7:151239742:TGGAT:Tacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151239743:GGAT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000
7:151239744:GAT:Gacceptor_gain1.0000

AlphaMissense

4901 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
7:151234079:G:AG23E0.999
7:151234084:A:CS25R0.999
7:151234086:C:AS25R0.999
7:151234086:C:GS25R0.999
7:151235451:T:AC223S0.999
7:151235452:G:AC223Y0.999
7:151235452:G:CC223S0.999
7:151235453:T:GC223W0.999
7:151235596:G:AC271Y0.999
7:151234066:G:AG19R0.998
7:151234066:G:CG19R0.998
7:151234067:G:AG19E0.998
7:151234078:G:AG23R0.998
7:151234078:G:CG23R0.998
7:151234081:T:CC24R0.998
7:151234090:A:CS27R0.998
7:151234092:C:AS27R0.998
7:151234092:C:GS27R0.998
7:151235331:G:CD183H0.998
7:151235406:G:CG208R0.998
7:151235451:T:CC223R0.998
7:151235595:T:AC271S0.998
7:151235595:T:CC271R0.998
7:151235596:G:CC271S0.998
7:151235597:T:GC271W0.998
7:151238181:T:CC607R0.998
7:151238182:G:AC607Y0.998
7:151238183:T:GC607W0.998
7:151238397:T:GY679D0.998
7:151234274:G:TR88M0.997

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000065234 (7:151235909 G>A,C), RS1000870549 (7:151236756 A>G), RS1001138882 (7:151234454 A>G,T), RS1001575878 (7:151238408 C>T), RS1001618165 (7:151233226 G>A), RS1001686787 (7:151232949 C>T), RS1001785167 (7:151234565 C>G,T), RS1002177323 (7:151237541 C>G,T), RS1002468555 (7:151233033 T>G), RS1002654153 (7:151237354 G>A), RS1003248598 (7:151236013 G>A), RS1003574065 (7:151233500 C>G,T), RS1004450141 (7:151236719 C>G), RS1004655575 (7:151234757 C>T), RS1004741382 (7:151233346 C>T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608037 | disease phenotypes: MIM:261740

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): lethal congenital glycogen storage disease of heart (MONDO:0009867)

Orphanet (1): Fatal congenital hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to glycogen storage disease (Orphanet:439854)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

2 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST003476_9Eyebrow thickness7.000000e-06
GCST004483_3Multiple myeloma1.000000e-08

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

DescriptorNameTree numbers
C564888Glycogen Storage Disease of Heart, Lethal Congenital (supp.)

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

23 total (human), top 23 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
sodium arseniteincreases expression2
Tobacco Smoke Pollutionincreases expression2
Valproic Acidincreases expression, increases methylation2
aristolochic acid Idecreases expression1
GSK-J4decreases expression1
FR900359decreases phosphorylation1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphatedecreases expression1
cobaltous chlorideincreases expression1
cupric chlorideincreases expression1
beta-methylcholineaffects expression1
Temozolomidedecreases expression1
Air Pollutantsaffects expression, increases abundance1
Atrazineincreases expression1
Benzo(a)pyreneincreases methylation1
Cadmiumincreases expression1
Doxorubicinincreases expression1
Estradiolincreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Ozoneaffects expression, increases abundance1
Smokedecreases expression1
Cyclosporineincreases expression1
Okadaic Acidincreases expression1
Acrylamideincreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

About this page

Generated deterministically by Sugi Atlas from primary biomedical databases via BioBTree. Every record on this page traces to a primary source.

Generated
Atlas version
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BioBTree
v2.0.2

Sources 75

This page pulls from 75 datasets indexed by BioBTree:

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