CHST5

Summary

CHST5 (carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5, HGNC:1973) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 16q23.1, encoding Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5 (Q9GZS9). Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues and O-linked sugars of mucin-type acceptors.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Gal/GalNAc/GlcNAc 6-O-sulfotransferase (GST) family, members of which catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of galactose (Gal), N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), or N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues within proteoglycans, and sulfation of O-linked sugars of mucin-type acceptors. Carbohydrate sulfation plays a critical role in many biologic processes. This gene is predominantly expressed in colon and small intestine.

Source: NCBI Gene 23563 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 95 total — 1 pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_024533

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:1973
Approved symbol	CHST5
Name	carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5
Location	16q23.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	I-GLCNAC-6-ST, FLJ22167
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000135702
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	604817
Entrez	23563

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000336257, ENST00000565039

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_024533 NM_024533

CCDS: CCDS10919

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000336257 — 4 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001143653	75535127	75535409
ENSE00001347499	75528530	75531640
ENSE00003533924	75533089	75533183
ENSE00003920312	75536044	75536108

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 117 present calls, max score 96.57.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 0.2782 / max 212.0112, expressed in 11 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (3 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
158177	0.2649	11
158176	0.0087	4
158175	0.0045	3

Top tissues by expression

128 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
duodenum	UBERON:0002114	96.57	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	94.07	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	81.81	gold quality
small intestine	UBERON:0002108	81.68	gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patch	UBERON:0003454	81.33	gold quality
transverse colon	UBERON:0001157	78.09	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	73.03	gold quality
intestine	UBERON:0000160	71.26	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	67.92	gold quality
colon	UBERON:0001155	67.36	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	66.45	silver quality
cerebellum	UBERON:0002037	66.35	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	66.33	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	66.22	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	65.64	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	63.71	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	63.39	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	63.07	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	62.36	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	62.08	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	61.49	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	61.42	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	61.15	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	60.93	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	60.53	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	60.03	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	59.77	gold quality
brain	UBERON:0000955	59.66	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	59.30	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	58.73	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 3.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-10137	yes	153.14
E-GEOD-125970	yes	10.04
E-ANND-3	yes	3.79

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• sulfated keratan sulfate is produced by beta3GNT7, beta4GalT4, CGn6ST, and KSG6ST (PMID:17690104)
• mRNA transcript analyses on the genes involved in synthesizing GlcNAc-6-O-sulfated glycans in human colon cancer tissues indicated that GlcNAc6ST-2 (CHST4) is preferentially expressed in cancer cells … GlcNAc6ST-3 (CHST5) was only expressed in nonmalignant epithelial cells, whereas GlcNAc6ST-1 (CHST2) was expressed equally in both (PMID:30093410)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
drosophila_melanogaster	CG9550	FBGN0031826
drosophila_melanogaster	CG31637	FBGN0051637

Paralogs (6): CHST3 (ENSG00000122863), CHST4 (ENSG00000140835), CHST7 (ENSG00000147119), CHST2 (ENSG00000175040), CHST1 (ENSG00000175264), CHST6 (ENSG00000183196)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5 — Q9GZS9 (reviewed: Q9GZS9)

Alternative names: Galactose/N-acetylglucosamine/N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase 4-alpha, Intestinal N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase, N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase 3

All UniProt accessions (2): Q9GZS9, H3BMG8

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues and O-linked sugars of mucin-type acceptors. Acts on the non-reducing terminal GlcNAc of short carbohydrate substrates (in vitro). Preferentially add sulfate onto core 2- based O-glycan structures, but does not act on extended core 1 structures (in vitro). Involved in sulfation of endothelial mucins such as GLYCAM1. Has no activity toward keratan. Not involved in generating HEV-expressed ligands for SELL.

Subcellular location. Golgi apparatus membrane.

Tissue specificity. Predominantly expressed in small and large intestines and colon. Weakly expressed in lymphocytes. Not expressed in other tissues. Down-regulated in colonic adenocarcinomas.

Miscellaneous. In human, two closely related proteins exist, CHST5 and CHST6, whereas in the corresponding chromosomal region of the mouse genome, only a single gene, Chst5, is present. Mouse Chst5 gene encodes a corneal keratan sulfate sulfotransferase, whereas human CHST5 has no activity toward keratan. Based on the similarity in enzymatic activity between the human CHST6 protein and the mouse Chst5 product, it has been proposed that these genes are orthologous.

Similarity. Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. Gal/GlcNAc/GalNAc subfamily.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9GZS9-1	1	yes
Q9GZS9-2	2

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_078809* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000863	Sulfotransferase_dom	Domain
IPR016469	Carbohydrate_sulfotransferase	Family
IPR027417	P-loop_NTPase	Homologous_superfamily
IPR051135	Gal/GlcNAc/GalNAc_ST	Family

Pfam: PF00685

UniProt features (12 total): glycosylation site 3, topological domain 2, sequence variant 2, binding site 2, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9GZS9-F1	88.60	0.77

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (2): 71–77; 224–232

Glycosylation sites (3): 138, 327, 350

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-2022854	Keratan sulfate biosynthesis

MSigDB gene sets: 56 (showing top): MULLIGHAN_NPM1_SIGNATURE_3_UP, GOBP_SULFATION, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOCC_TRANS_GOLGI_NETWORK, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_AMINO_SUGAR_METABOLIC_PROCESS, TGGNNNNNNKCCAR_UNKNOWN, GOBP_GLYCOPROTEIN_METABOLIC_PROCESS, REACTOME_METABOLISM_OF_CARBOHYDRATES_AND_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVES, RIZKI_TUMOR_INVASIVENESS_3D_UP, BENPORATH_OCT4_TARGETS, GOCC_ORGANELLE_SUBCOMPARTMENT, GOBP_N_ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GAZDA_DIAMOND_BLACKFAN_ANEMIA_ERYTHROID_DN

GO Biological Process (5): carbohydrate metabolic process (GO:0005975), N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process (GO:0006044), protein sulfation (GO:0006477), sulfur compound metabolic process (GO:0006790), keratan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process (GO:0018146)

GO Molecular Function (3): N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase activity (GO:0001517), sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008146), transferase activity (GO:0016740)

GO Cellular Component (4): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), trans-Golgi network (GO:0005802), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Keratan sulfate/keratin metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
primary metabolic process	1
amino sugar metabolic process	1
protein modification process	1
sulfation	1
metabolic process	1
proteoglycan biosynthetic process	1
keratan sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process	1
sulfotransferase activity	1
transferase activity, transferring sulphur-containing groups	1
catalytic activity	1
Golgi apparatus	1
bounding membrane of organelle	1
cytoplasm	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
Golgi apparatus subcompartment	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

318 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CHST5	SULT1B1	O43704	749
CHST5	SULT1C3	Q6IMI6	740
CHST5	SULT1C4	O75897	733
CHST5	LUM	P51884	728
CHST5	GAL3ST2	Q9H3Q3	719
CHST5	B3GNT7	Q8NFL0	510
CHST5	GAL3ST3	Q96A11	432
CHST5	B3GNT4	Q9C0J1	411
CHST5	B4GALT4	O60513	376
CHST5	B3GNT2	Q9NY97	368
CHST5	GCNT3	O95395	357
CHST5	CHST14	Q8NCH0	355
CHST5	MUC2	Q02817	355
CHST5	TFF3	Q07654	348
CHST5	DSEL	Q8IZU8	325

IntAct

4 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CRP	QSOX1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
CHST5	CFTR	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
CHST5	SETD1A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (33): TPPP (Affinity Capture-MS), CCPG1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ZZEF1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RRP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), TOR3A (Affinity Capture-MS), WDTC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST6 (Affinity Capture-MS), CWC22 (Affinity Capture-MS), CSGALNACT2 (Affinity Capture-MS), NAF1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ALG12 (Affinity Capture-MS), HAPLN3 (Affinity Capture-MS), FKBP14 (Affinity Capture-MS), CXXC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SEC62 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A6QNK1, O14792, O19058, O35310, O43916, O88199, Q10979, Q11127, Q29043, Q5E9W5, Q5RJQ0, Q5XPT3, Q6P7A1, Q6XQG8, Q6XQG9, Q6XQH0, Q712G6, Q7LGC8, Q7T3S3, Q800H9, Q80WV3, Q866C5, Q866C7, Q866D2, Q866D6, Q866D9, Q866E1, Q866E6, Q866E7, Q866E8, Q866F0, Q866F1, Q8HYJ3, Q8HYJ4, Q8HYJ7, Q8N3Y3, Q8NET6, Q92179, Q96RP7, Q99999

Diamond homologs: O43916, O88199, O93403, Q0VBN2, Q5RJQ0, Q6DBY9, Q6XQG8, Q7LGC8, Q80WV3, Q8IZU8, Q8NCG5, Q92179, Q9EP78, Q9EQC0, Q9GZS9, Q9GZX3, Q9NS84, Q9QUP4, Q9QZL2, Q9R1I1, Q9Y4C5

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

95 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	72
Likely benign	11
Benign	4

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
4279431	GRCh37/hg19 16q23.1(chr16:75537696-75575410)x1	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

852 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
16:75531638:CAT:C	acceptor_gain	0.9900
16:75534941:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9900
16:75534941:TCCAA:T	donor_gain	0.9900
16:75535123:GTAC:G	donor_loss	0.9900
16:75535124:TACCT:T	donor_loss	0.9900
16:75535125:ACCTC:A	donor_loss	0.9900
16:75531641:C:CC	acceptor_gain	0.9800
16:75533224:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.9700
16:75535099:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9700
16:75531641:C:T	acceptor_loss	0.9600
16:75531552:T:A	donor_gain	0.9500
16:75531651:A:T	acceptor_gain	0.9500
16:75533225:A:T	acceptor_gain	0.9500
16:75534255:TGA:T	donor_gain	0.9500
16:75534973:T:A	donor_gain	0.9500
16:75535125:A:AC	donor_gain	0.9500
16:75535126:C:CC	donor_gain	0.9500
16:75535126:CCT:C	donor_gain	0.9500
16:75531639:AT:A	acceptor_gain	0.9400
16:75531645:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.9400
16:75531650:C:CT	acceptor_gain	0.9400
16:75533229:G:C	acceptor_gain	0.9400
16:75531575:CCA:C	donor_gain	0.9300
16:75533229:G:GC	acceptor_gain	0.9200
16:75531572:TCAC:T	donor_gain	0.9100
16:75531573:CACC:C	donor_gain	0.9100
16:75531574:ACCA:A	donor_gain	0.9100
16:75531575:CCAC:C	donor_gain	0.9100
16:75530336:GCCTT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9000
16:75530337:CCTTC:C	acceptor_gain	0.9000

AlphaMissense

2634 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
16:75529320:C:A	W355C	0.998
16:75529320:C:G	W355C	0.998
16:75529797:C:A	K196N	0.997
16:75529797:C:G	K196N	0.997
16:75529322:A:G	W355R	0.995
16:75529322:A:T	W355R	0.995
16:75529941:G:C	S148R	0.995
16:75529941:G:T	S148R	0.995
16:75529943:T:G	S148R	0.995
16:75530014:C:G	C124S	0.994
16:75530015:A:T	C124S	0.994
16:75530140:A:G	F82S	0.994
16:75529711:T:A	D225V	0.993
16:75529711:T:C	D225G	0.993
16:75530179:G:A	S69F	0.993
16:75529930:C:G	C152S	0.992
16:75529931:A:T	C152S	0.992
16:75530014:C:T	C124Y	0.992
16:75529273:C:T	C371Y	0.991
16:75529498:T:A	E296V	0.991
16:75529500:G:C	F295L	0.991
16:75529500:G:T	F295L	0.991
16:75529502:A:G	F295L	0.991
16:75529581:G:C	C268W	0.991
16:75529711:T:G	D225A	0.991
16:75530014:C:A	C124F	0.991
16:75530107:T:A	E93V	0.991
16:75530179:G:T	S69Y	0.991
16:75529930:C:T	C152Y	0.990
16:75529272:G:C	C371W	0.989

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000024597 (16:75528711 C>A), RS1000073940 (16:75529047 T>C,G), RS1000529948 (16:75529256 G>A), RS1000848031 (16:75532278 C>T), RS1001010488 (16:75532790 T>A,C), RS1001127055 (16:75528049 T>C), RS1001248016 (16:75529608 A>G), RS1001596597 (16:75531770 T>A), RS1001726099 (16:75536050 G>A), RS1001757040 (16:75535772 T>C), RS1001829148 (16:75536842 T>C), RS1002224188 (16:75528123 C>A,T), RS1002631865 (16:75530527 G>A,C), RS1002725610 (16:75535091 G>A,C), RS1002920034 (16:75530566 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604817 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): primary ovarian failure (MONDO:0005387), Rieger anomaly (MONDO:0019628)

Orphanet (2): Rieger anomaly (Orphanet:91483), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Primary ovarian failure (Orphanet:619)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002553_10	Pancreatic cancer	1.000000e-10

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D016649	Primary Ovarian Insufficiency	C12.050.351.500.056.630.750; C12.100.250.056.630.750; C19.391.630.750

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

13 total (human), top 13 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	decreases expression, increases expression, increases methylation	3
2-hydroxychavicol	increases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
apple polyphenol extract	increases expression	1
Arsenic Trioxide	increases expression	1
Cisplatin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Estradiol	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Parathion	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Piroxicam	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Quercetin	decreases expression	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	1
Valproic Acid	increases methylation	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

75 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00417066	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Flexible GnRH Antagonist vs Flare up GnRH Agonist Protocol in Poor Responders
NCT00732693	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Physiologic and Standard Sex Steroid Replacement Regimens in Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00837616	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Estrogen Dosing in Turner Syndrome: Pharmacology and Metabolism
NCT01853501	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Effects of ADSC Therapy in Women With POF
NCT02783937	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Filgrastim for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT03535480	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Ovarian Transplantation to Restore Ovarian Function in Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00140998	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Estrogen Treatment (Oral vs. Patches) in Turner Syndrome
NCT00001951	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Hormone Replacement in Young Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00370019	PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	Effects of an Estrogen Replacement Therapy Skin Patch on Ovulation in Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00429494	PHASE2	COMPLETED	GnRH Analogue for Ovarian Function Preservation in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients
NCT03816852	PHASE2	SUSPENDED	The Safety and Efficiency Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cell (19#iSCLife®-POI) in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT04536467	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Ovarian Failure With Goserelin in Premenopausal Lymphoma Patients
NCT06117982	PHASE2	COMPLETED	The Impact of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor on Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT02912104	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Therapeutic Trial of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Transplantation for Primary Ovarian Failure
NCT03178695	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Inovium Ovarian Rejuvenation Trials
NCT04815213	PHASE1	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	The Use of Expandeded Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) in Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) in Adult Humans
NCT05138367	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Effects of UCA-PSCs in Women With POF
NCT06132542	PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Autologous ADMSC Transplantation in Patients With POI
NCT00948857	PHASE2/PHASE3	TERMINATED	Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Treatment and Premature Ovarian Failure (POF)
NCT04031456	PHASE2/PHASE3	RECRUITING	Autologous PRP Infusion May Restore Ovarian Function and May Promote Folliculogenesis in POI Patients
NCT02043743	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Autologous Stem Cells Transplantation in Patients With Idiopathic and Drug Induced Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT02062931	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation In Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT02151890	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Pregnancy After Stem Cell Transplantation in Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT02372474	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	It is a Real The First Baby Of Autologous Stem Cell Therapy in Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT02603744	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Autologous Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Transplantation in Women With Premature Ovarian Failure (POF)
NCT02644447	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Transplantation of HUC-MSCs With Injectable Collagen Scaffold for POF
NCT03069209	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Premature Ovarian Failure (POF)
NCT03985462	PHASE1/PHASE2	WITHDRAWN	Very Small Embryonic-like Stem Cells for Ovary
NCT04009473	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Stem Cell Therapy and Growth Factor Ovarian in Vitro Activation
NCT04071574	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Ovarian Stimulation Protocols on the Success Rate of ICSI in Female Infertility
NCT04922398	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Ovarian Injection of PRP (Platelet -Rich Plasma) Vs Normal Saline in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT05462379	PHASE1/PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Autologous Heterotopic Fresh Ovarian Graft in Woman With LACC Eligible for Pelvic Radiotherapy Treatment.
NCT06202547	PHASE1/PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Intra-ovarian Injection of MSC-EVs in Idiopathic Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT01129947	EARLY_PHASE1	WITHDRAWN	The Use of DHEA in Women With Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT05522634	EARLY_PHASE1	UNKNOWN	A Clinical Study of Chinese Herbal Compound TJAOA101 in the Treatment of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
NCT07308327	EARLY_PHASE1	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	The Influence of Gut Microbiota on Ovarian Function: A Single-center, Randomized,Double Blind, Parallel-controlled, Exploratory Clinical Trial
NCT00001275	Not specified	COMPLETED	Ovarian Follicle Function in Patients With Primary Ovarian Failure
NCT00001306	Not specified	COMPLETED	Steroid Therapy in Autoimmune Premature Ovarian Failure
NCT00006156	Not specified	COMPLETED	Feasibility Study for Development of an Early Test for Ovarian Failure
NCT00119925	Not specified	UNKNOWN	‘SPRING’-Study: Subfertility Guidelines: Patient Related Implementation in the Netherlands Among Gynaecologists