CHST7

Summary

CHST7 (carbohydrate sulfotransferase 7, HGNC:13817) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Xp11.3, encoding Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 7 (Q9NS84). Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues.

This gene is a member of the Gal/GalNAc/GlcNAc (galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine/N-acetylglucosamine) 6-O-sulfotransferase (GST) family. Members of this family encode enzymes that catalyze the specific addition of sulfate groups to distinct hydroxyl and amino groups of carbohydrates. The encoded protein catalyzes the sulfation of 6-hydroxyl group of GalNAc in chondroitin.

Source: NCBI Gene 56548 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 64 total — 3 pathogenic, 1 likely-pathogenic
• MANE Select transcript: NM_019886

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:13817
Approved symbol	CHST7
Name	carbohydrate sulfotransferase 7
Location	Xp11.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	C6ST-2, C6ST2
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000147119
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	300375
Entrez	56548

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 4 — 4 protein_coding

ENST00000276055, ENST00000868793, ENST00000868794, ENST00000925570

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_019886 NM_019886

CCDS: CCDS14268

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000276055 — 2 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000978810	46573765	46575423
ENSE00001043206	46597760	46598496

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 186 present calls, max score 91.25.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 8.8768 / max 201.3321, expressed in 1590 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (5 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
196127	5.7980	1447
196126	1.3463	800
196128	0.9486	463
196125	0.5839	339
196129	0.2000	94

Top tissues by expression

282 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
decidua	UBERON:0002450	91.25	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	88.82	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	87.40	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	83.99	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	83.69	gold quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	83.06	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	82.82	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	82.51	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	82.38	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	81.79	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	81.55	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	80.56	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	80.00	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	78.29	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	78.15	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	78.14	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	78.08	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	77.94	gold quality
spleen	UBERON:0002106	77.78	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	77.70	gold quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	77.51	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	77.46	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	77.41	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	77.06	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	77.04	gold quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	76.60	gold quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	76.03	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	75.29	gold quality
adipose tissue	UBERON:0001013	74.97	gold quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	74.92	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	5.85
E-GEOD-99795	no	9.49

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

76 targeting CHST7, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-126-5P	100.00	72.71	3180
HSA-MIR-3925-3P	100.00	69.95	1237
HSA-MIR-656-3P	100.00	72.15	2788
HSA-MIR-548C-3P	99.99	74.01	7587
HSA-MIR-32-5P	99.98	75.21	1964
HSA-MIR-363-3P	99.98	74.72	1821
HSA-MIR-367-3P	99.98	74.83	1819
HSA-MIR-92A-3P	99.98	75.21	1960
HSA-MIR-92B-3P	99.98	75.25	1955
HSA-MIR-25-3P	99.98	74.60	1817
HSA-MIR-5696	99.98	72.36	4487
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-3605-5P	99.96	67.12	932
HSA-MIR-23A-3P	99.95	74.24	3163
HSA-MIR-23B-3P	99.95	74.24	3163
HSA-MIR-23C	99.95	73.92	3192
HSA-MIR-559	99.95	72.28	3609
HSA-MIR-548AB	99.95	71.31	3488
HSA-MIR-1236-3P	99.94	68.04	1695
HSA-MIR-548AQ-5P	99.94	71.34	3426
HSA-MIR-548Y	99.94	71.28	3514
HSA-MIR-548A-5P	99.94	71.27	3482
HSA-MIR-548AD-5P	99.94	71.23	3502
HSA-MIR-548AE-5P	99.94	71.23	3502
HSA-MIR-548AK	99.94	71.24	3488
HSA-MIR-548AM-5P	99.94	71.24	3488
HSA-MIR-548AP-5P	99.94	71.14	3489
HSA-MIR-548AR-5P	99.94	71.28	3515
HSA-MIR-548AS-5P	99.94	71.22	3482

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 2)

• CHST7 methylation in white blood cells is positively associated with CRC risk, especially in females, and may potentially serve as a blood-based predictive biomarker for CRC risk. (PMID:30815821)
• CHST7 Methylation Status Related to the Proliferation and Differentiation of Pituitary Adenomas. (PMID:35954244)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	chst7	ENSDARG00000044341
mus_musculus	Chst7	ENSMUSG00000037347
rattus_norvegicus	Chst7	ENSRNOG00000077798
drosophila_melanogaster	CG9550	FBGN0031826
drosophila_melanogaster	CG31637	FBGN0051637

Paralogs (6): CHST3 (ENSG00000122863), CHST5 (ENSG00000135702), CHST4 (ENSG00000140835), CHST2 (ENSG00000175040), CHST1 (ENSG00000175264), CHST6 (ENSG00000183196)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 7 — Q9NS84 (reviewed: Q9NS84)

Alternative names: Chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase 2, Galactose/N-acetylglucosamine/N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase 5, N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase 4

All UniProt accessions (1): Q9NS84

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3’-phospho-5’-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues. Preferentially acts on mannose-linked GlcNAc. Also able to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of chondroitin. Also acts on core 2 mucin-type oligosaccharide and N-acetyllactosamine oligomer with a lower efficiency. Has weak or no activity toward keratan sulfate and oligosaccharides containing the Galbeta1-4GlcNAc. Catalyzes 6-O-sulfation of beta-benzyl GlcNAc but not alpha- or beta-benzyl GalNAc.

Subcellular location. Golgi apparatus membrane.

Tissue specificity. Widely expressed. Highly expressed in heart, spleen, liver and ovary. Expressed at lower level in brain, placenta, thyroid, spinal cord and peripheral blood leukocytes. Not expressed in adult skin.

Similarity. Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. Gal/GlcNAc/GalNAc subfamily.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_063939* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000863	Sulfotransferase_dom	Domain
IPR016469	Carbohydrate_sulfotransferase	Family
IPR027417	P-loop_NTPase	Homologous_superfamily
IPR051135	Gal/GlcNAc/GalNAc_ST	Family

Pfam: PF00685

Enzyme classification (BRENDA):

• EC 2.8.2.17 — chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (BRENDA: 7 organisms, 62 substrates, 14 inhibitors, 31 Km, 0 kcat entries)

Substrate kinetics (BRENDA)

14 substrates with measured Km, best-characterized 14. Km ranges are aggregated across organisms/conditions.

Substrate	Km (mM)	Measurements
3’-PHOSPHOADENYLYL SULFATE	0.0003–0.0042	6
CHONDROITIN	0.0008–0.15	6
3’-PHOSPHOADENYLYLSULFATE	0.0001–0.0333	5
CHONDROITIN 4-SULFATE	0.0005–0.038	2
KERATAN SULFATE	0.0029–0.005	2
DECASACCHARIDE	0.9	1
DESULFATED CHONDROITIN SULFATE	1.8	1
DODECASACCHARIDE	0.48	1
GLCUABETA(1->3)GALNAC(4S)BETA(1->4)GLCUABETA(1->	0.05	1
HEXASACCHARIDE	5	1
N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE 4-SULFATE	0.36	1
NATIVE CHONDROITIN	0.06	1
OCTASACCHARIDE	2.5	1
UDP-N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE 4-SULFATE	0.027	1

Catalyzed reactions (Rhea), 1 shown:

• chondroitin beta-D-glucuronate + n 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = chondroitin 6’-sulfate + n adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + n H(+) (RHEA:11108)

UniProt features (16 total): glycosylation site 3, compositionally biased region 3, topological domain 2, binding site 2, region of interest 2, chain 1, modified residue 1, sequence conflict 1, transmembrane region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9NS84-F1	80.60	0.57

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Ligand- & substrate-binding residues (2): 278–286; 110–116

Post-translational modifications (1): 462

Glycosylation sites (3): 88, 186, 407

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

1 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-2022870	CS-GAG biosynthesis

MSigDB gene sets: 195 (showing top): XU_GH1_AUTOCRINE_TARGETS_UP, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_CHONDROITIN_SULFATE_PROTEOGLYCAN_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, CEBP_Q2, CATTTCA_MIR203, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_DERIVATIVE_BIOSYNTHETIC_PROCESS, ACEVEDO_LIVER_TUMOR_VS_NORMAL_ADJACENT_TISSUE_DN, BILD_E2F3_ONCOGENIC_SIGNATURE, CAIRO_HEPATOBLASTOMA_DN, GOBP_CARBOHYDRATE_METABOLIC_PROCESS, GOBP_AMINO_SUGAR_METABOLIC_PROCESS, MORF_ETV3, POU3F2_02, MULLIGHAN_NPM1_SIGNATURE_3_DN, GOBP_CHONDROITIN_SULFATE_PROTEOGLYCAN_METABOLIC_PROCESS

GO Biological Process (5): polysaccharide metabolic process (GO:0005976), N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process (GO:0006044), sulfur compound metabolic process (GO:0006790), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process (GO:0050650), carbohydrate metabolic process (GO:0005975)

GO Molecular Function (4): N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase activity (GO:0001517), chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008459), sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008146), transferase activity (GO:0016740)

GO Cellular Component (3): Golgi membrane (GO:0000139), membrane (GO:0016020), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-1 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate metabolism	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
carbohydrate metabolic process	1
macromolecule metabolic process	1
amino sugar metabolic process	1
metabolic process	1
proteoglycan biosynthetic process	1
chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process	1
protein O-linked glycosylation via xylose	1
primary metabolic process	1
sulfotransferase activity	1
chondroitin sulfotransferase activity	1
transferase activity, transferring sulphur-containing groups	1
catalytic activity	1
Golgi apparatus	1
bounding membrane of organelle	1
cellular anatomical structure	1
cytoplasm	1
endomembrane system	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

556 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CHST7	KRABD4	Q5JUW0	950
CHST7	ZNF674	Q2M3X9	842
CHST7	SLC9A7	Q96T83	838
CHST7	CHST13	Q8NET6	811
CHST7	CHST12	Q9NRB3	811
CHST7	CHST15	Q7LFX5	764
CHST7	CSGALNACT2	Q8N6G5	700
CHST7	CHST14	Q8NCH0	698
CHST7	CSGALNACT1	Q8TDX6	666
CHST7	CHST11	Q9NPF2	666
CHST7	LACTBL1	A8MY62	561
CHST7	CHPF	Q8IZ52	532
CHST7	CHSY1	Q86X52	531
CHST7	GLCE	O94923	515
CHST7	B3GAT3	O94766	476

IntAct

19 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
NIPAL1	ESYT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
PEX19	FAM20B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
DCAF4	IGLL5	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TTMP	TMEM223	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TTYH1	TMEM223	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CLEC12B	GXYLT2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CDH23	GTPBP10	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
TMEM74	KLRG2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CHST7	POTEF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CCL3	KRBA1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
SCGB2A2	RTL8C	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CEACAM8	PRRT4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1orf54	AGRN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1QTNF7	AGRN	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
HFE	PODXL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
LCN6	COCH	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
XPR1	GOLIM4	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (32): CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-RNA), CHST7 (Reconstituted Complex), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), POTEF (Affinity Capture-MS), GOSR1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), GOSR2 (Affinity Capture-MS), CHST7 (Affinity Capture-MS), CST4 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2A9Q0, A5PKD8, A9JSM3, D4A2Q0, E7ERA6, F1SAM7, F2Z333, P0CG25, Q07303, Q0IIA6, Q1RMK9, Q24JP5, Q2MJR0, Q2WF71, Q3MIP1, Q3UV16, Q3ZCQ3, Q504Y2, Q5EBM0, Q5GH56, Q5GH64, Q5GH72, Q5RJI4, Q5SZI1, Q641Q3, Q6IEE6, Q6IQX7, Q6P6N5, Q6UKI2, Q6ZMC9, Q6ZVW7, Q86UD0, Q8IUW3, Q8IZ52, Q8K064, Q8N4K4, Q8NAC3, Q8NBR0, Q8NCL9, Q8NFR9

Diamond homologs: O43916, O88199, O93403, Q0VBN2, Q5RJQ0, Q6DBY9, Q6XQG8, Q7LGC8, Q80WV3, Q8IZU8, Q8NCG5, Q92179, Q9EP78, Q9EQC0, Q9GZS9, Q9GZX3, Q9NS84, Q9QUP4, Q9QZL2, Q9R1I1, Q9Y4C5

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

64 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	3
Likely pathogenic	1
Uncertain significance	45
Likely benign	4
Benign	3

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (4)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
1175843	GRCh37/hg19 Xp11.3-11.23(chrX:44879855-46541970)x1	Pathogenic
2685063	GRCh37/hg19 Xp11.4-11.23(chrX:42046069-46491183)x0	Pathogenic
830980	NC_000023.10:g.(?45605561)(46952346_?)del	Pathogenic
183366	NC_000023.10:g.(?43479884)(46741003_?)del	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

238 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
X:46575422:GG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
X:46575422:GGGTA:G	donor_loss	0.9900
X:46575423:GG:G	donor_gain	0.9900
X:46575424:GT:G	donor_loss	0.9900
X:46575425:T:A	donor_loss	0.9900
X:46597754:TTCTA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
X:46597756:CTA:C	acceptor_loss	0.9900
X:46597757:TA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
X:46597759:GGTCA:G	acceptor_gain	0.9900
X:46575424:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9800
X:46595489:A:T	donor_gain	0.9800
X:46575348:G:T	donor_gain	0.9700
X:46597758:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9700
X:46597759:G:GG	acceptor_gain	0.9700
X:46575390:T:TA	donor_gain	0.9600
X:46575391:A:AA	donor_gain	0.9600
X:46595444:GGC:G	donor_gain	0.9600
X:46597759:GGTC:G	acceptor_gain	0.9600
X:46595437:TCA:T	donor_gain	0.9400
X:46592240:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9300
X:46595042:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9200
X:46575388:C:G	donor_gain	0.9100
X:46575413:C:T	donor_gain	0.9000
X:46575431:G:GA	donor_gain	0.9000
X:46575430:T:TA	donor_gain	0.8600
X:46597758:AGGT:A	acceptor_gain	0.8600
X:46591471:TTC:T	donor_gain	0.8400
X:46595443:T:TA	donor_gain	0.8400
X:46597759:GGT:G	acceptor_gain	0.8400
X:46576088:T:TA	donor_gain	0.8100

AlphaMissense

3073 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
X:46574326:A:T	E132V	1.000
X:46574773:G:T	R281M	1.000
X:46574977:G:A	C349Y	1.000
X:46575190:T:G	F420C	1.000
X:46575233:G:C	W434C	1.000
X:46575233:G:T	W434C	1.000
X:46574259:T:A	W110R	0.999
X:46574259:T:C	W110R	0.999
X:46574261:G:C	W110C	0.999
X:46574261:G:T	W110C	0.999
X:46574262:C:A	R111S	0.999
X:46574266:C:T	T112I	0.999
X:46574278:T:C	F116S	0.999
X:46574278:T:G	F116C	0.999
X:46574327:G:C	E132D	0.999
X:46574327:G:T	E132D	0.999
X:46574329:C:A	P133H	0.999
X:46574336:G:C	W135C	0.999
X:46574336:G:T	W135C	0.999
X:46574343:T:A	W138R	0.999
X:46574343:T:C	W138R	0.999
X:46574345:G:C	W138C	0.999
X:46574345:G:T	W138C	0.999
X:46574525:C:A	N198K	0.999
X:46574525:C:G	N198K	0.999
X:46574536:G:A	C202Y	0.999
X:46574652:T:A	C241S	0.999
X:46574653:G:C	C241S	0.999
X:46574680:A:T	K250M	0.999
X:46574681:G:C	K250N	0.999

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000004642 (X:46582467 T>C), RS1000323288 (X:46574795 C>G), RS1000483927 (X:46585100 A>G), RS1000738310 (X:46590395 A>G), RS1001000422 (X:46596213 G>T), RS1001256104 (X:46591877 C>T), RS1001368558 (X:46576811 C>T), RS1001377482 (X:46588403 G>A), RS1001606376 (X:46598712 C>A), RS1002411568 (X:46590406 G>A), RS1002775031 (X:46579091 C>G), RS1002946033 (X:46589016 T>C), RS1002977366 (X:46589439 A>G), RS1003140372 (X:46575349 A>G), RS1003278435 (X:46586094 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:300375 | disease phenotypes: MIM:300867

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): Kabuki syndrome 2 (MONDO:0010465)

Orphanet (1): Kabuki syndrome (Orphanet:2322)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

32 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Tretinoin	decreases expression, increases expression	3
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression	3
Estradiol	decreases expression, affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Progesterone	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression, increases methylation	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
dicrotophos	decreases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	affects response to substance, increases expression	1
2-hydroxychavicol	increases expression	1
pentabromodiphenyl ether	increases expression	1
CGP 52608	increases reaction, affects binding	1
2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether	increases expression	1
apple polyphenol extract	increases expression	1
Temozolomide	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Benzene	increases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Calcitriol	increases expression	1
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene	decreases expression	1
Ethyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Fluorouracil	affects response to substance	1
Formaldehyde	increases expression	1
Gasoline	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Lipopolysaccharides	increases expression, affects response to substance	1
Parathion	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Urethane	increases expression	1
Valproic Acid	decreases expression, increases methylation	1
Okadaic Acid	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.