CLLU1

Summary

CLLU1 (chronic lymphocytic leukemia up-regulated 1, HGNC:29841) is a long non-coding RNA gene on chromosome 12q22.

Expression of this gene has been shown to be upregulated in some individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and has been used for prognostic and diagnostic purposes. This gene was originally identified as a human-specific putative protein-coding gene due to the presence of a peptide (PAp00140670, HIIYSTFLSK) that could have supported translation at this locus. This peptide is not present in more recent builds of PeptideAtlas, and the presence of a protein product at this locus has not been independently verified. For this reason, this gene is being represented as non-coding. Sequence comparisons to other primates indicates that no other primate is predicted to contain an open reading frame.

Source: NCBI Gene 574028 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene type: non-coding (lncRNA) — no protein product; not a drug target. Variant/disease associations are omitted (they would be positional, from an overlapping protein-coding gene).

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:29841
Approved symbol	CLLU1
Name	chronic lymphocytic leukemia up-regulated 1
Location	12q22
Locus type	RNA, long non-coding
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000257127
Ensembl biotype	lncRNA
OMIM	616988
Entrez	574028
RNAcentral	URS00008B6E4E — lncRNA, 2831 nt, 1 organism(s)

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 5 — 3 lncRNA, 2 retained_intron

ENST00000378485, ENST00000472839, ENST00000512817, ENST00000586526, ENST00000589406

RefSeq mRNA: 0 — MANE Select: None

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000378485 — 2 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001477676	92429034	92430954
ENSE00001477677	92423959	92425934

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 71 present calls, max score 71.94.

Top tissues by expression

71 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	71.94	silver quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	59.39	gold quality
corpus callosum	UBERON:0002336	56.72	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	53.02	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	52.72	silver quality
endometrium	UBERON:0001295	52.24	silver quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	51.19	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	51.05	gold quality
urinary bladder	UBERON:0001255	50.37	silver quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	50.26	silver quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	50.25	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	48.98	silver quality
blood	UBERON:0000178	48.88	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	46.77	silver quality
metanephros cortex	UBERON:0010533	46.73	gold quality
cortex of kidney	UBERON:0001225	46.30	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	46.26	silver quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	45.80	silver quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	45.68	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	44.94	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	44.62	silver quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	44.19	silver quality
ectocervix	UBERON:0012249	43.97	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	43.71	silver quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	43.27	silver quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	43.02	silver quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	43.02	silver quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	42.81	silver quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	42.70	silver quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	42.45	silver quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	5.55

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 11)

• CLLU1 is the first disease-specific gene identified in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:16339396)
• CLLU1 has a role in progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (PMID:17284524)
• The expression levels of CLLU1 were significantly increased in B + C CLL patients at Binet stage compared with those at Binet stage A (P = 0.005). (PMID:17786715)
• CLLU1 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage and CD38 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:18457263)
• The CLLU1 expression level is a stable and inherent feature of the chronic lymphocytic leukemia clone (PMID:19212335)
• CLLU1 is a novel human-specific protein-coding gene. (PMID:19726446)
• Assessment of blood CLLU1 levels can be used as a reliable marker of tumor burden and has the potential to complement currently used techniques for minimal residual disease monitoring in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (PMID:21323738)
• Analysis of CLLU1 expression is a rapid and reliable tool that may facilitate the diagnosis of mature B-cell neoplasms especially in inconclusive cases. (PMID:22738889)
• the level of CLLU1 mRNA expression provided prognostic information in patients with CLL. (PMID:22899580)
• in this paper we have showed that evolutionary new genes DCD1(Dermicidin), LINC00309 and CLLU1 have tumor-specific expression profile (PMID:30463107)
• The Impact and Prognostic Significance of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Upregulated 1 (CLLU1) Gene Expression in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Single Center Experience. (PMID:31589746)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Protein

Non-coding RNA — no protein product; not a drug target.

Function

No curated pathway, Gene-Ontology, or interaction data.

Disease & clinical

No curated disease, variant, or cancer-driver associations.

Drugs & pharmacology

No drug or pharmacology data — not an established drug target.