COA8

Summary

COA8 (cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 8, HGNC:20492) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 14q32.33, encoding Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 8 (Q96IL0). Required for cytochrome c complex (COX) IV assembly and function Protects COX assembly from oxidation-induced degradation, COX being the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

This gene encodes a protein that localizes to the mitochondria, where it stimulates the release of cytochrome c, thereby promoting programmed cell death. Mutations in this gene have been found in individuals with mitochondrial complex IV deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 84334 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): mitochondrial disease (Definitive, ClinGen) — +2 more curated relationships
• GWAS associations: 13
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 217 total — 8 pathogenic, 7 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 45
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001370595

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:20492
Approved symbol	COA8
Name	cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 8
Location	14q32.33
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	MGC2562, APOP-1
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000256053
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	616003
Entrez	84334

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 18 — 10 protein_coding, 4 nonsense_mediated_decay, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 retained_intron

ENST00000409074, ENST00000440963, ENST00000458117, ENST00000473127, ENST00000474271, ENST00000476323, ENST00000477116, ENST00000489117, ENST00000492189, ENST00000495778, ENST00000497901, ENST00000554625, ENST00000554876, ENST00000555660, ENST00000556253, ENST00000557079, ENST00000674165, ENST00000877348

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_001370595 NM_001302653, NM_001302654, NM_001370595

CCDS: CCDS91944, CCDS9983

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000409074 — 5 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00002478820	103590181	103590896
ENSE00003504368	103562960	103563124
ENSE00003536232	103574107	103574170
ENSE00003538462	103571623	103571820
ENSE00003550976	103587274	103587364

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 248 present calls, max score 97.35.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 36.6694 / max 149.1260, expressed in 1818 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (7 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
141754	27.3434	1813
141756	4.8391	1641
141755	2.4301	1372
141757	1.8357	1202
207383	0.1356	34
141753	0.0551	10
141758	0.0305	3

Top tissues by expression

253 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	97.35	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	97.31	gold quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	96.98	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	96.63	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	96.47	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	95.31	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	94.79	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	94.64	gold quality
tibialis anterior	UBERON:0001385	93.71	silver quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	93.62	gold quality
sperm	CL:0000019	93.57	gold quality
muscle tissue	UBERON:0002385	93.16	gold quality
deltoid	UBERON:0001476	93.10	silver quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	93.09	gold quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	92.88	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	92.87	gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cord	UBERON:0006469	92.76	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	92.74	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	92.73	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	92.72	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	92.71	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	92.69	gold quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colon	UBERON:0035805	92.68	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	92.60	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	92.51	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	92.42	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii	UBERON:0004502	92.38	gold quality
biceps brachii	UBERON:0001507	92.29	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	92.22	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	92.09	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	7.06

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

59 targeting COA8, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-4795-3P	100.00	74.62	4024
HSA-MIR-126-5P	100.00	72.71	3180
HSA-MIR-4776-3P	100.00	68.73	1340
HSA-MIR-150-5P	99.99	66.69	1976
HSA-MIR-4775	99.98	75.00	6394
HSA-MIR-512-3P	99.97	67.35	1049
HSA-MIR-6778-3P	99.96	67.29	2693
HSA-MIR-3658	99.96	73.87	4379
HSA-MIR-302E	99.96	70.74	2669
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-9983-3P	99.94	71.48	3631
HSA-MIR-6721-5P	99.93	68.92	2981
HSA-MIR-129-5P	99.88	70.26	3273
HSA-MIR-5582-3P	99.86	72.48	4221
HSA-MIR-944	99.82	70.85	3042
HSA-MIR-2052	99.79	69.37	2031
HSA-MIR-3680-3P	99.75	72.51	3095
HSA-MIR-4666B	99.64	68.69	1282
HSA-MIR-6832-5P	99.58	64.82	1132
HSA-MIR-186-3P	99.51	66.24	1685
HSA-MIR-578	99.46	68.36	1787
HSA-MIR-4735-5P	99.43	68.49	1780
HSA-MIR-19A-5P	99.36	66.93	1675
HSA-MIR-19B-1-5P	99.36	67.07	1669
HSA-MIR-19B-2-5P	99.36	67.07	1669
HSA-MIR-504-3P	99.30	67.18	1745
HSA-MIR-4505	99.27	67.81	2678
HSA-MIR-149-5P	99.25	67.16	1315
HSA-MIR-5787	99.22	67.86	2628
HSA-MIR-122B-3P	99.21	68.90	1333

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• Mutations in APOPT1, encoding a mitochondrial protein, cause cavitating leukoencephalopathy with cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. (PMID:25175347)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	coa8	ENSDARG00000092473
mus_musculus	Coa8	ENSMUSG00000037787
rattus_norvegicus	Coa8	ENSRNOG00000011542
drosophila_melanogaster	Coa8	FBGN0029594
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00012693

Protein

Protein identifiers

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 8 — Q96IL0 (reviewed: Q96IL0)

Alternative names: Apoptogenic protein 1, mitochondrial

All UniProt accessions (11): A0A0U1RQK3, A0A0U1RQS9, A0A0U1RR29, A0A5H1ZRQ9, A0A6Q8JUI0, G3V4L6, H0YJ38, H0YJK3, H0YJM4, H7BZ67, Q96IL0

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Required for cytochrome c complex (COX) IV assembly and function Protects COX assembly from oxidation-induced degradation, COX being the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

Subcellular location. Mitochondrion inner membrane.

Tissue specificity. Expressed in fibroblasts.

Post-translational modifications. N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence is cleaved from the mature protein once in the mitochondrion. In normal conditions, the cytoplasmic precursor protein is rapidly degraded by the ubiquitination-proteasome system (UPS). Oxidative stress induces protein stabilization and import into mitochondria where it protects COX from degradation.

Disease relevance. Mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear type 17 (MC4DN17) [MIM:619061] An autosomal recessive mitochondrial disorder with highly variable clinical manifestations and severity. Clinical features vary from acute neurometabolic decompensation in late infancy to subtle neurological signs presenting in adolescence. Encephalopathic episodes are characterized by acute loss of developmental milestones including ability to walk or sit, loss of speech, episodes with somnolence and seizure, and pyramidal signs rapidly evolving into spastic tetraparesis. The clinical course subsequently tends to stabilize and in several subjects marked recovery of neurological milestones is observed over time. Brain imaging shows a cavitating leukodystrophy, predominantly involving the posterior cerebral white matter and the corpus callosum in the acute stage, after which the abnormalities partially improve and then stabilize. Patient tissues show variably decreased levels and activity of mitochondrial respiratory complex IV. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Induction. In conditions of increased oxidative stress, the protein is stabilized, increasing its mature intramitochondrial form and thereby protecting COX from oxidatively induced degradation.

Miscellaneous. Protein may not fold correctly and may be rapidly degraded.

Similarity. Belongs to the COA8 family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q96IL0-1	1	yes
Q96IL0-2	2

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001289582, NP_001289583, NP_001357524* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR018796	COA8	Family

Pfam: PF10231

UniProt features (10 total): sequence variant 5, splice variant 2, transit peptide 1, chain 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q96IL0-F1	81.19	0.60

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 169 (showing top): GOBP_RESPIRATORY_CHAIN_COMPLEX_IV_ASSEMBLY, GOBP_MITOCHONDRIAL_RESPIRATORY_CHAIN_COMPLEX_ASSEMBLY, TGACCTY_ERR1_Q2, MODULE_313, GOBP_CYTOCHROME_COMPLEX_ASSEMBLY, YGACNNYACAR_UNKNOWN, GOBP_APOPTOTIC_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_PROTEIN_STABILIZATION, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_OXYGEN_CONTAINING_COMPOUND, GOCC_MITOCHONDRIAL_ENVELOPE, GOBP_INTRINSIC_APOPTOTIC_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_STABILITY, MARTORIATI_MDM4_TARGETS_FETAL_LIVER_UP, chr14q32, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_REACTIVE_OXYGEN_SPECIES

GO Biological Process (5): response to reactive oxygen species (GO:0000302), mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV assembly (GO:0033617), protein stabilization (GO:0050821), intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:0097193), apoptotic process (GO:0006915)

GO Molecular Function (1): protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (4): mitochondrion (GO:0005739), matrix side of mitochondrial inner membrane (GO:0099617), mitochondrial inner membrane (GO:0005743), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
apoptotic signaling pathway	2
response to oxidative stress	1
response to oxygen-containing compound	1
mitochondrion	1
respiratory chain complex IV assembly	1
mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly	1
regulation of protein stability	1
intracellular signal transduction	1
programmed cell death	1
execution phase of apoptosis	1
binding	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1
mitochondrial inner membrane	1
lumenal side of membrane	1
organelle inner membrane	1
mitochondrial membrane	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

216 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
COA8	TMEM179	Q6ZVK1	479
COA8	WDR25	Q64LD2	448
COA8	TMEM209	Q96SK2	350
COA8	MIX23	Q4VC31	346
COA8	COX18	Q8N8Q8	318
COA8	AFG1L	Q8WV93	306
COA8	FBXL4	Q9UKA2	306
COA8	SURF1	Q15526	299
COA8	CDC42BPB	Q9Y5S2	294
COA8	CS	O75390	285
COA8	POU6F2	P78424	280
COA8	BAG5	Q9UL15	277
COA8	PPP1R13B	Q96KQ4	272
COA8	UCK2	Q9BZX2	249
COA8	UCK1	Q9HA47	249

IntAct

4 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
COA8	CLUH	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.590
COX10	SUOX	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (7): CLUH (Affinity Capture-MS), CLUH (Affinity Capture-MS), APOPT1 (Affinity Capture-RNA), APOPT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CLUH (Affinity Capture-MS), APOPT1 (Affinity Capture-MS), APOPT1 (Affinity Capture-Luminescence)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1B0GU71, A6QPI4, B2RV13, D4A6L0, E1BBQ2, F1LQY6, G3UW36, O08856, P15382, P53801, P55199, P56182, Q08CB3, Q0VF94, Q148E1, Q17RQ9, Q2KJ58, Q32Q90, Q4R5F9, Q4V8A6, Q4VA36, Q5I0I4, Q5NVI6, Q5R8Q2, Q5T6X4, Q5T848, Q5XII8, Q68EN5, Q6P767, Q8C419, Q8CHT6, Q8R143, Q8R1T1, Q8TBN0, Q8VDV3, Q8WUX9, Q90YH8, Q91WM6, Q91ZP9, Q96IL0

Diamond homologs: A8WJ42, Q148E1, Q32Q90, Q8MYM9, Q96IL0, Q9CQW7, Q9W549

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

217 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	8
Likely pathogenic	7
Uncertain significance	81
Likely benign	67
Benign	25

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (15)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
156421	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.196C>T (p.Arg66Ter)	Pathogenic
156422	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.124-1G>A	Pathogenic
156424	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.328GAA[1] (p.Glu111del)	Pathogenic
1681857	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.89_108dup (p.Thr37fs)	Pathogenic
1967635	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.357dup (p.Lys120Ter)	Pathogenic
2114541	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.218del (p.Pro73fs)	Pathogenic
2427029	NC_000014.8:g.(?104040424)(104040527_?)del	Pathogenic
2581720	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.170_173dup (p.Pro59fs)	Pathogenic
1333711	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.388C>G (p.Gln130Glu)	Likely pathogenic
2428493	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.321+2T>A	Likely pathogenic
2502314	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.328G>T (p.Glu110Ter)	Likely pathogenic
2683787	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.184_187del (p.Tyr62fs)	Likely pathogenic
2690568	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.352A>T (p.Lys118Ter)	Likely pathogenic
3255585	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.102_121dup (p.Gly41fs)	Likely pathogenic
3776346	NM_001370595.2(COA8):c.327_328insT (p.Glu110Ter)	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

1675 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
14:103563120:GCGGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103563122:GGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103563123:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103563123:GGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103563124:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103563125:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103563125:GTAA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103563125:GTAAG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103563126:T:A	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574105:A:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103574167:TCAG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574167:TCAGG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574168:CAG:C	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574169:AGGT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574169:AGGTT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574170:GG:G	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574171:G:C	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574171:G:GA	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103574497:T:G	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103587273:GGTCA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
14:103587361:ACAGG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103587364:GGTA:G	donor_loss	1.0000
14:103590326:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
14:103571618:TAAA:T	acceptor_loss	0.9900
14:103571620:AAGGT:A	acceptor_loss	0.9900
14:103571621:A:AC	acceptor_loss	0.9900
14:103571622:GGTCT:G	acceptor_loss	0.9900
14:103574104:A:AG	acceptor_gain	0.9900
14:103574104:AAG:A	acceptor_gain	0.9900
14:103578374:A:AG	donor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

1362 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
14:103587324:T:C	F159L	0.998
14:103587326:T:A	F159L	0.998
14:103587326:T:G	F159L	0.998
14:103587312:T:C	F155L	0.997
14:103587314:C:A	F155L	0.997
14:103587314:C:G	F155L	0.997
14:103571812:T:C	F118L	0.995
14:103571814:T:A	F118L	0.995
14:103571814:T:G	F118L	0.995
14:103571788:T:C	F110L	0.994
14:103571790:C:A	F110L	0.994
14:103571790:C:G	F110L	0.994
14:103571793:G:C	W111C	0.994
14:103571793:G:T	W111C	0.994
14:103571791:T:A	W111R	0.993
14:103571791:T:C	W111R	0.993
14:103590185:T:A	W174R	0.993
14:103590185:T:C	W174R	0.993
14:103574119:T:C	F125L	0.992
14:103574121:T:A	F125L	0.992
14:103574121:T:G	F125L	0.992
14:103590195:G:C	R177P	0.990
14:103590199:T:A	N178K	0.990
14:103590199:T:G	N178K	0.990
14:103587325:T:C	F159S	0.989
14:103587313:T:C	F155S	0.988
14:103571693:T:C	L78P	0.986
14:103590187:G:C	W174C	0.986
14:103590187:G:T	W174C	0.986
14:103571805:T:A	N115K	0.985

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000044790 (14:103577366 G>A), RS1000196291 (14:103578210 G>A), RS1000289787 (14:103578351 A>G), RS1000362367 (14:103572138 A>AG), RS1000403934 (14:103584493 A>C), RS1000445430 (14:103566652 G>T), RS1000530725 (14:103579631 G>A), RS1000544516 (14:103583882 C>T), RS1000625251 (14:103562825 G>T), RS1000780629 (14:103568200 G>A), RS1000866638 (14:103583625 A>G,T), RS1000965530 (14:103590584 T>A,C), RS1001200678 (14:103576897 C>T), RS1001215444 (14:103577265 G>A,T), RS1001269166 (14:103577031 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:616003 | disease phenotypes: MIM:619061, MIM:220110

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear type 17	Definitive	Autosomal recessive
non-progressive predominantly posterior cavitating leukoencephalopathy with peripheral neuropathy	Supportive	Autosomal recessive

ClinGen Gene-Disease Validity (1)

Expert-panel classifications — Definitive > Strong > Moderate > Limited > Disputed > Refuted.

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
mitochondrial disease	Definitive	AR

Mondo (3): mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear type 17 (MONDO:0033652), mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear type 1 (MONDO:0700250), non-progressive predominantly posterior cavitating leukoencephalopathy with peripheral neuropathy (MONDO:0018576)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

45 total (30 of 45 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000007	Autosomal recessive inheritance
HP:0000093	Proteinuria
HP:0000124	Renal tubular dysfunction
HP:0000508	Ptosis
HP:0000580	Pigmentary retinopathy
HP:0000648	Optic atrophy
HP:0000750	Delayed speech and language development
HP:0001249	Intellectual disability
HP:0001250	Seizure
HP:0001251	Ataxia
HP:0001260	Dysarthria
HP:0001262	Excessive daytime somnolence
HP:0001263	Global developmental delay
HP:0001270	Motor delay
HP:0001285	Spastic tetraparesis
HP:0001288	Gait disturbance
HP:0001290	Generalized hypotonia
HP:0001410	Decreased liver function
HP:0001508	Failure to thrive
HP:0001639	Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
HP:0001903	Anemia
HP:0001994	Renal Fanconi syndrome
HP:0002013	Vomiting
HP:0002240	Hepatomegaly
HP:0002376	Developmental regression
HP:0002490	Increased CSF lactate
HP:0002747	Respiratory insufficiency due to muscle weakness
HP:0002875	Exertional dyspnea
HP:0003076	Glycosuria
HP:0003109	Hyperphosphaturia

GWAS associations

13 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002539_23	Schizophrenia	1.000000e-13
GCST004521_135	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	2.000000e-09
GCST004521_15	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	2.000000e-12
GCST004521_262	Autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia	6.000000e-09
GCST005839_36	Depression	3.000000e-09
GCST005951_9	Body mass index	4.000000e-09
GCST007201_190	Schizophrenia	1.000000e-12
GCST007201_416	Schizophrenia	4.000000e-13
GCST008103_98	Bipolar disorder	2.000000e-06
GCST008595_89	Cognitive ability, years of educational attainment or schizophrenia (pleiotropy)	2.000000e-13
GCST009600_90	Anorexia nervosa, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, or Tourette syndrome (pleiotropy)	5.000000e-13
GCST010703_23	Brain morphology (MOSTest)	2.000000e-09
GCST90013407_36	Liver enzyme levels (gamma-glutamyl transferase)	9.000000e-26

EFO canonical traits (5, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004340	body mass index
EFO:0004337	intelligence
EFO:0004784	self reported educational attainment
EFO:0004346	neuroimaging measurement
EFO:0004532	serum gamma-glutamyl transferase measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

28 total (human), top 28 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Cyclosporine	increases expression	2
Particulate Matter	increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	2
bisphenol A	increases methylation, affects cotreatment	1
arsenite	affects binding, increases reaction	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	increases expression	1
K 7174	increases expression	1
erucylphospho-N,N,N-trimethylpropylammonium	increases expression	1
ICG 001	increases expression	1
4-(4-((5-(4,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-2-furanyl)methylene)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic acid	increases expression	1
Temozolomide	decreases expression	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Fulvestrant	affects cotreatment, increases methylation	1
Air Pollutants	increases abundance, increases expression	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation	1
Cadmium	decreases expression	1
Diazinon	increases methylation	1
Doxorubicin	increases expression	1
Gasoline	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1
Lead	affects splicing	1
Methyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance	1
Smoke	decreases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation	1
Asbestos, Crocidolite	decreases expression	1
Sodium Selenite	increases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	increases expression	1
1-Butanol	affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.