COL21A1

Summary

COL21A1 (collagen type XXI alpha 1 chain, HGNC:17025) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 6p12.1, encoding Collagen alpha-1(XXI) chain (Q96P44).

This gene encodes the alpha chain of type XXI collagen, a member of the FACIT (fibril-associated collagens with interrupted helices) collagen family. Type XXI collagen is localized to tissues containing type I collagen and maintains the integrity of the extracellular matrix. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Source: NCBI Gene 81578 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 19
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 168 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_030820

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:17025
Approved symbol	COL21A1
Name	collagen type XXI alpha 1 chain
Location	6p12.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000124749
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	610002
Entrez	81578

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 11 — 4 protein_coding, 4 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 2 retained_intron, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000244728, ENST00000370817, ENST00000370819, ENST00000456983, ENST00000461489, ENST00000467045, ENST00000467216, ENST00000469682, ENST00000482933, ENST00000484987, ENST00000488912

RefSeq mRNA: 5 — MANE Select: NM_030820 NM_001318751, NM_001318752, NM_001318753, NM_001318754, NM_030820

CCDS: CCDS55025, CCDS83099

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000244728 — 30 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001015717	56170649	56170865
ENSE00001015720	56168124	56168297
ENSE00001015725	56170960	56171128
ENSE00001015727	56179578	56180129
ENSE00001186177	56126096	56126149
ENSE00001186180	56141785	56141838
ENSE00001186183	56141930	56141983
ENSE00001186185	56156887	56156949
ENSE00001186188	56164423	56164506
ENSE00001252208	56182531	56182656
ENSE00001453702	56125567	56125620
ENSE00001453704	56166906	56166983
ENSE00001883254	56247387	56247580
ENSE00002182546	56101472	56101525
ENSE00002183966	56124239	56124292
ENSE00002201601	56124062	56124115
ENSE00002523383	56164814	56164822
ENSE00003490886	56060741	56060795
ENSE00003498814	56077529	56077573
ENSE00003515612	56061649	56061681
ENSE00003527705	56074232	56074285
ENSE00003544866	56056590	56057844
ENSE00003547541	56069046	56069117
ENSE00003555927	56075479	56075532
ENSE00003569606	56060891	56061037
ENSE00003603143	56060018	56060218
ENSE00003634065	56070745	56070798
ENSE00003659162	56059165	56059242
ENSE00003663651	56064578	56064622
ENSE00003681764	56067295	56067330

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 239 present calls, max score 96.82.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 3.9160 / max 336.6201, expressed in 645 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (9 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
74061	2.8197	546
74059	0.4451	233
74060	0.3128	164
74056	0.1902	35
74063	0.0625	11
74055	0.0460	9
74064	0.0163	8
74062	0.0136	9
74065	0.0099	5

Top tissues by expression

277 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
blood vessel layer	UBERON:0004797	96.82	gold quality
bronchial epithelial cell	CL:0002328	95.76	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	95.74	gold quality
descending thoracic aorta	UBERON:0002345	95.36	gold quality
ascending aorta	UBERON:0001496	94.98	gold quality
thoracic aorta	UBERON:0001515	94.98	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	93.43	gold quality
right coronary artery	UBERON:0001625	93.11	gold quality
skin of hip	UBERON:0001554	93.07	gold quality
epithelium of bronchus	UBERON:0002031	93.04	gold quality
periodontal ligament	UBERON:0008266	92.98	gold quality
bronchus	UBERON:0002185	92.16	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	91.75	gold quality
seminal vesicle	UBERON:0000998	90.42	gold quality
left coronary artery	UBERON:0001626	89.95	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	89.79	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	89.76	gold quality
coronary artery	UBERON:0001621	89.59	gold quality
placenta	UBERON:0001987	89.58	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	89.47	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	89.40	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	89.18	gold quality
endocervix	UBERON:0000458	89.14	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	89.11	gold quality
aorta	UBERON:0000947	89.06	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	88.90	gold quality
calcaneal tendon	UBERON:0003701	88.87	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	88.69	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	88.54	gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinus	UBERON:0005030	87.88	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 5 experiment(s), a significant marker in 4.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-124472	yes	745.85
E-HCAD-10	yes	59.42
E-MTAB-6701	yes	53.06
E-ANND-3	yes	8.93
E-MTAB-9543	no	1.22

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

87 targeting COL21A1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-29A-3P	100.00	73.11	1835
HSA-MIR-29B-3P	100.00	73.18	1833
HSA-MIR-29C-3P	100.00	73.15	1833
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-4789-3P	99.99	70.75	2484
HSA-MIR-4803	99.98	71.99	3117
HSA-MIR-27A-3P	99.98	72.13	2955
HSA-MIR-27B-3P	99.98	72.13	2955
HSA-MIR-9985	99.98	72.11	2939
HSA-MIR-524-5P	99.98	73.43	4882
HSA-MIR-520D-5P	99.98	73.34	4883
HSA-MIR-3688-3P	99.97	72.02	2834
HSA-MIR-302C-5P	99.97	72.56	3642
HSA-MIR-5688	99.96	73.23	4504
HSA-MIR-495-3P	99.96	72.81	4197
HSA-MIR-128-3P	99.95	71.17	2484
HSA-MIR-216A-3P	99.95	71.19	2505
HSA-MIR-767-5P	99.95	70.85	993
HSA-LET-7C-3P	99.95	73.42	2862
HSA-MIR-6835-3P	99.93	70.49	2904
HSA-MIR-3143	99.93	71.96	3104
HSA-MIR-205-3P	99.92	69.92	3165
HSA-MIR-10523-5P	99.91	69.22	2038
HSA-MIR-498-3P	99.91	71.27	1114
HSA-MIR-3529-3P	99.90	73.55	3045
HSA-MIR-548E-5P	99.89	72.73	4486
HSA-MIR-5682	99.89	72.56	1005
HSA-MIR-3681-3P	99.88	70.46	2254
HSA-MIR-4496	99.88	68.89	2236

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 4)

• Extracellular matrix proteins expression profiling in chemoresistant variants of the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line. (PMID:24804215)
• Low copy number of Col21A1 is associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate. (PMID:30924295)
• Validating candidate biomarkers for different stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. (PMID:32898995)
• Prognostic significance of abnormal matrix collagen remodeling in colorectal cancer based on histologic and bioinformatics analysis. (PMID:32945508)

Cross-species orthologs

0 orthologs

Paralogs (37): COL9A2 (ENSG00000049089), COL23A1 (ENSG00000050767), COL11A1 (ENSG00000060718), COL17A1 (ENSG00000065618), COL5A3 (ENSG00000080573), COL4A4 (ENSG00000081052), COL16A1 (ENSG00000084636), COL9A3 (ENSG00000092758), COL20A1 (ENSG00000101203), COL1A1 (ENSG00000108821), COL9A1 (ENSG00000112280), COL7A1 (ENSG00000114270), COL5A1 (ENSG00000130635), COL4A2 (ENSG00000134871), COL2A1 (ENSG00000139219), COL6A1 (ENSG00000142156), COL6A2 (ENSG00000142173), EDA (ENSG00000158813), COL26A1 (ENSG00000160963), COL1A2 (ENSG00000164692), COL3A1 (ENSG00000168542), COL4A3 (ENSG00000169031), COL22A1 (ENSG00000169436), COL24A1 (ENSG00000171502), COL18A1 (ENSG00000182871), EMID1 (ENSG00000186998), COL4A1 (ENSG00000187498), COL4A5 (ENSG00000188153), COL25A1 (ENSG00000188517), COL27A1 (ENSG00000196739), COL13A1 (ENSG00000197467), COL4A6 (ENSG00000197565), COL11A2 (ENSG00000204248), COL5A2 (ENSG00000204262), COL15A1 (ENSG00000204291), COLQ (ENSG00000206561), COL28A1 (ENSG00000215018)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Collagen alpha-1(XXI) chain — Q96P44 (reviewed: Q96P44)

All UniProt accessions (5): A0A158RFW1, A6PVD9, Q96P44, H0Y4C9, H0YDH6

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Subcellular location. Secreted. Extracellular space. Extracellular matrix. Cytoplasm.

Tissue specificity. Highly expressed in lymph node, jejunum, pancreas, stomach, trachea, testis, uterus and placenta; moderately expressed in brain, colon, lung, prostate, spinal cord, salivary gland and vascular smooth-muscle cells and very weakly expressed in heart, liver, kidney, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, skeletal muscle, adrenal gland and peripheral leukocytes. Expression in heart was higher in the right ventricle and atrium than in the left ventricle and atrium.

Induction. Stimulated by PDGF/platelet-derived growth factor.

Similarity. Belongs to the fibril-associated collagens with interrupted helices (FACIT) family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q96P44-1	1	yes
Q96P44-2	2
Q96P44-3	3

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001305680, NP_001305681, NP_110447* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR002035	VWF_A	Domain
IPR008160	Collagen	Repeat
IPR013320	ConA-like_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036465	vWFA_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR048287	TSPN-like_N	Domain
IPR050938	Collagen_Structural_Proteins	Family

Pfam: PF00092, PF01391

UniProt features (37 total): domain 9, compositionally biased region 9, sequence variant 7, splice variant 4, sequence conflict 3, region of interest 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, glycosylation site 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q96P44-F1	68.41	0.34

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (1): 62

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

2 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-1650814	Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes
R-HSA-8948216	Collagen chain trimerization

MSigDB gene sets: 95 (showing top): WALLACE_PROSTATE_CANCER_RACE_UP, BROWNE_HCMV_INFECTION_8HR_UP, GOCC_COLLAGEN_TRIMER, LUCAS_HNF4A_TARGETS_UP, chr6p12, BLALOCK_ALZHEIMERS_DISEASE_UP, GOMF_EXTRACELLULAR_MATRIX_STRUCTURAL_CONSTITUENT, GOZGIT_ESR1_TARGETS_UP, SCHLOSSER_SERUM_RESPONSE_DN, RIGGI_EWING_SARCOMA_PROGENITOR_UP, GOCC_ENDOPLASMIC_RETICULUM_LUMEN, GOMF_STRUCTURAL_MOLECULE_ACTIVITY, FIGUEROA_AML_METHYLATION_CLUSTER_2_UP, FIGUEROA_AML_METHYLATION_CLUSTER_3_UP, FIGUEROA_AML_METHYLATION_CLUSTER_7_UP

GO Biological Process (0):

GO Molecular Function (1): extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength (GO:0030020)

GO Cellular Component (6): extracellular region (GO:0005576), collagen trimer (GO:0005581), endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO:0005788), cytosol (GO:0005829), extracellular matrix (GO:0031012), cytoplasm (GO:0005737)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-2 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Collagen formation	1
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	3
extracellular matrix structural constituent	1
protein-containing complex	1
endoplasmic reticulum	1
intracellular organelle lumen	1
cytoplasm	1
external encapsulating structure	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1074 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
COL21A1	CNIH1	O95406	599
COL21A1	CNIH3	Q8TBE1	545
COL21A1	TFEB	P19484	482
COL21A1	SEC16B	Q96JE7	467
COL21A1	HSPG2	P98160	458
COL21A1	STK17A	Q9UEE5	447
COL21A1	COL26A1	Q96A83	442
COL21A1	KHDRBS2	Q5VWX1	409
COL21A1	ADAMTS14	Q8WXS8	405
COL21A1	OR7A10	O76100	380
COL21A1	COL24A1	Q17RW2	380
COL21A1	CRTAP	O75718	375
COL21A1	P3H1	Q32P28	367
COL21A1	VWA1	Q6PCB0	359
COL21A1	ITGBL1	O95965	354

IntAct

5 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
COL21A1	PLOD3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
COL21A1	CFTR	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.370
COL21A1	PLOD2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
C1QTNF1	PLOD2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350

BioGRID (10): COL21A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), COLGALT2 (Affinity Capture-MS), COL14A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PLOD1 (Affinity Capture-MS), COL4A2 (Affinity Capture-MS), PLOD2 (Affinity Capture-MS), PLOD3 (Affinity Capture-MS), COL21A1 (PCA), COL21A1 (Affinity Capture-MS), COL21A1 (Affinity Capture-RNA)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A060WQA3, A0MSJ1, A5PN28, A6NHN0, A8WR59, C0HLN2, C7DZK3, O35167, O35348, O76368, O88207, P08122, P08572, P12106, P12107, P12108, P13942, P20849, P20850, P20908, P20909, P25067, P25940, P53420, P83371, P98085, Q01955, Q03637, Q05722, Q07092, Q07643, Q0VF58, Q14031, Q14055, Q14993, Q17RW2, Q28083, Q30D77, Q32S24, Q4ZJM7

Diamond homologs: A2AX52, A6H584, A6NMZ7, A6QLN9, A8TX70, E7FF10, O00339, O08746, O42401, O75578, O89029, P05099, P05555, P11215, P12111, P15989, P20701, P20702, P34576, P51942, P61625, Q02388, Q13349, Q21281, Q21540, Q28902, Q3V0T4, Q63870, Q642A6, Q6PCB0, Q6UXI7, Q8C6K9, Q8NFW1, Q8R2Z5, Q90615, Q91145, Q923P0, Q95LI2, Q96P44, Q9P218

SIGNOR signaling

3 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
COL21A1	“up-regulates activity”	DDR1	binding
COL21A1	“up-regulates activity”	DDR2	binding
COL21A1	“up-regulates activity”	“A2/b1 integrin”	binding

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

168 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	126
Likely benign	9
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

6378 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
6:56060152:CCA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56060153:CA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56060154:A:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56060890:CGGG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56061681:CCTT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56062761:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56062762:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56069117:CCTA:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56074284:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56074285:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56075477:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56075478:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56075478:CAGG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56075485:C:A	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56077525:TTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
6:56077527:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56077527:AC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56077528:C:CA	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56077528:CC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56077528:CCT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56077528:CCTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
6:56077570:TTCC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56077571:TCC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56077572:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56077572:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56077573:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56077574:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56077574:C:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
6:56077574:CTAAA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
6:56077575:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

6107 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
6:56179670:G:T	A183D	0.999
6:56179982:A:T	V79D	0.999
6:56180043:A:G	W59R	0.999
6:56180043:A:T	W59R	0.999
6:56179583:C:G	C212S	0.998
6:56179584:A:T	C212S	0.998
6:56179718:G:T	A167D	0.998
6:56179787:T:A	D144V	0.998
6:56179803:C:G	A139P	0.998
6:56180084:G:A	S45F	0.998
6:56180085:A:G	S45P	0.998
6:56180090:T:A	D43V	0.998
6:56180091:C:G	D43H	0.998
6:56166955:C:T	C410Y	0.997
6:56179583:C:T	C212Y	0.997
6:56179682:A:G	L179P	0.997
6:56179778:G:A	S147F	0.997
6:56179793:A:G	L142P	0.997
6:56179802:G:T	A139E	0.997
6:56179988:C:T	G77E	0.997
6:56179989:C:G	G77R	0.997
6:56179989:C:T	G77R	0.997
6:56180041:C:A	W59C	0.997
6:56180041:C:G	W59C	0.997
6:56166964:C:G	R407P	0.996
6:56170822:A:G	S285P	0.996
6:56171119:C:G	C217S	0.996
6:56171120:A:G	C217R	0.996
6:56171120:A:T	C217S	0.996
6:56179584:A:G	C212R	0.996

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000000722 (6:56159366 T>G), RS1000021275 (6:56201542 C>A,T), RS1000024804 (6:56069162 A>C,G), RS1000031319 (6:56373133 G>A), RS1000033085 (6:56158933 T>C), RS1000033859 (6:56095172 T>C), RS1000047398 (6:56221578 A>G), RS1000049151 (6:56136176 C>T), RS1000079701 (6:56252833 C>T), RS1000083856 (6:56290044 T>G), RS1000101154 (6:56168915 T>C), RS1000107778 (6:56211901 C>G), RS1000118222 (6:56264990 C>G), RS1000126049 (6:56352747 A>G), RS1000132962 (6:56379744 A>G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:610002 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

19 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST002084_8	Allergic sensitization	7.000000e-06
GCST002211_2	Psychosis (atypical)	2.000000e-07
GCST003518_100	Daytime sleep phenotypes	5.000000e-06
GCST003805_2	Diastolic blood pressure response to hydrochlorothiazide in hypertension	9.000000e-06
GCST003854_31	Gut microbiota (functional units)	2.000000e-08
GCST003998_25	Joint mobility (Beighton score)	9.000000e-07
GCST004746_12	Small cell lung carcinoma	8.000000e-06
GCST006022_8	Pulse pressure	1.000000e-09
GCST006230_10	Pulse pressure	5.000000e-08
GCST006979_292	Heel bone mineral density	2.000000e-17
GCST007096_251	Pulse pressure	4.000000e-19
GCST007205_9	Schizophrenia	5.000000e-06
GCST007267_217	Systolic blood pressure	3.000000e-09
GCST007268_27	Diastolic blood pressure	2.000000e-11
GCST007269_250	Pulse pressure	4.000000e-26
GCST007270_1	Systolic blood pressure	8.000000e-11
GCST007272_15	Pulse pressure	6.000000e-36
GCST007272_5	Pulse pressure	2.000000e-14
GCST010989_106	Body size at age 10	6.000000e-09

EFO canonical traits (10, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0005298	allergic sensitization measurement
EFO:0007828	daytime rest measurement
EFO:0006945	diastolic blood pressure change measurement
EFO:0007874	gut microbiome measurement
EFO:0007905	joint hypermobility measurement
EFO:0005763	pulse pressure measurement
EFO:0009270	heel bone mineral density
EFO:0006335	systolic blood pressure
EFO:0006336	diastolic blood pressure
EFO:0009819	comparative body size at age 10, self-reported

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

49 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression	7
trichostatin A	increases expression, affects cotreatment	3
entinostat	increases expression, affects cotreatment	2
Nickel	decreases expression	2
Phenylmercuric Acetate	affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Silicon Dioxide	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Cadmium Chloride	increases abundance, increases expression	2
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression	1
bisphenol A	affects methylation	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
butyraldehyde	decreases expression	1
ochratoxin A	increases expression	1
2,3-bis(3’-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine	decreases expression, decreases reaction	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
belinostat	increases expression	1
abrine	decreases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
bisphenol S	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
incobotulinumtoxinA	increases expression	1
Resveratrol	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Arsenic Trioxide	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Vorinostat	increases expression	1
Panobinostat	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Air Pollutants	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, increases methylation	1
Cadmium	increases abundance, increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.