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CPLX4

gene
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Also known as CPX-IV

Summary

CPLX4 (complexin 4, HGNC:24330) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 18q21.32, encoding Complexin-4 (Q7Z7G2). Complexin that regulates SNARE protein complex-mediated synaptic vesicle fusion.

This gene likely encodes a member of the complexin family. The encoded protein may be involved in synaptic vesicle exocytosis.

Source: NCBI Gene 339302 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 4
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 17 total
  • GTEx eGene: eQTL in 2 tissues, sQTL in 0 (q < 0.05)
  • Constraint (gnomAD): pLI 0.00 (LoF-tolerant), LOEUF 1.73 (unconstrained)
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_181654

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:24330
Approved symbolCPLX4
Namecomplexin 4
Location18q21.32
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesCPX-IV
Ensembl geneENSG00000166569
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM609586
Entrez339302

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 3 — 3 protein_coding

MANE Select: ENST00000299721

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 2

ENST00000299721, ENST00000587244, ENST00001131795

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_181654 NM_181654

CCDS: CCDS11973

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000299721 — 3 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE000011042605931268559312772
ENSE000011042635931829659318649
ENSE000011042655929540259296925

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 18 present calls, max score 81.23.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth tissue_specific, TPM avg 2.2702 / max 2378.9175, expressed in 19 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis, cerebellar cortex, cerebellum, cerebellar hemisphere, hemisphere of cerebellum.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

CPLX4 is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 2 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 0 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

2 significant tissue × QTL associations:

TissueQTLq-valueSlopeLead variant
Brain Cerebellumeqtl2.9e-02+0.3218:60023027:C:T
Brain Cerebellar Hemisphereeqtl3.4e-02+0.3018:59283565:T:G

FANTOM5 promoters

3 alternative TSS:

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
1721931.374114
1721920.566710
1721940.329412

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 114 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testisCL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:000047381.23gold quality
cerebellar cortexUBERON:000212958.31gold quality
cerebellumUBERON:000203758.29gold quality
cerebellar hemisphereUBERON:000224557.98gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellumUBERON:001489057.73gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000650.24gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039746.24gold quality
sural nerveUBERON:001548840.96gold quality
bone marrow cellCL:000209240.74gold quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305340.10gold quality
pancreasUBERON:000126439.29gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009437.20gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534336.47gold quality
skeletal muscle tissueUBERON:000113436.37gold quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402335.49gold quality
apex of heartUBERON:000209835.40gold quality
bone marrowUBERON:000237135.23gold quality
tonsilUBERON:000237235.13gold quality
muscle tissueUBERON:000238534.51gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115033.59gold quality
lymph nodeUBERON:000002932.80gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosaUBERON:000538632.63silver quality
hindlimb stylopod muscleUBERON:000425232.15gold quality
leukocyteCL:000073832.08gold quality
endometriumUBERON:000129532.02gold quality
monocyteCL:000057631.89gold quality
bloodUBERON:000017830.91gold quality
brainUBERON:000095530.87gold quality
calcaneal tendonUBERON:000370130.86gold quality
prefrontal cortexUBERON:000045130.30gold quality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225529.87gold quality
urinary bladderUBERON:000125528.75gold quality
thoracic aortaUBERON:000151528.74gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582728.74gold quality
ascending aortaUBERON:000149628.72gold quality
cortex of kidneyUBERON:000122528.49gold quality
corpus callosumUBERON:000233628.49gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cordUBERON:000646928.39silver quality
frontal cortexUBERON:000187028.36gold quality
popliteal arteryUBERON:000225028.32gold quality
tibial arteryUBERON:000761028.32gold quality
metanephros cortexUBERON:001053328.19gold quality
duodenumUBERON:000211428.14gold quality
placentaUBERON:000198727.78gold quality
material anatomical entityUBERON:000046527.46gold quality
multicellular organismUBERON:000046827.46gold quality
primary visual cortexUBERON:000243627.43gold quality
adrenal tissueUBERON:001830327.31gold quality
myometriumUBERON:000129627.25gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123327.13gold quality
adult mammalian kidneyUBERON:000008227.01gold quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219626.74silver quality
spleenUBERON:000210626.65gold quality
heart left ventricleUBERON:000208426.60gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9UBERON:001354026.55gold quality
cerebral cortexUBERON:000095626.48gold quality
vermiform appendixUBERON:000115426.42gold quality
rectumUBERON:000105226.30gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281026.28gold quality
right ovaryUBERON:000211826.26gold quality
saliva-secreting glandUBERON:000104426.03gold quality
putamenUBERON:000187426.00gold quality
gall bladderUBERON:000211025.98gold quality
heartUBERON:000094825.95gold quality
prostate glandUBERON:000236725.79gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111925.75gold quality
colonUBERON:000115525.62gold quality
skin of abdomenUBERON:000141625.61gold quality
intestineUBERON:000016025.59gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortexUBERON:000983425.47silver quality
muscle layer of sigmoid colonUBERON:003580525.46gold quality
minor salivary glandUBERON:000183025.41gold quality
small intestineUBERON:000210825.28gold quality
right lungUBERON:000216725.09gold quality
lungUBERON:000204824.94gold quality
body of uterusUBERON:000985324.71gold quality
uterine cervixUBERON:000000224.65gold quality
anterior cingulate cortexUBERON:000983524.62gold quality
thoracic mammary glandUBERON:000520024.54gold quality
ectocervixUBERON:001224924.50gold quality
lower esophagusUBERON:001347324.46gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layerUBERON:003583324.45gold quality
adipose tissueUBERON:000101324.41gold quality
omental fat padUBERON:001041424.40gold quality
esophagogastric junction muscularis propriaUBERON:003584124.35gold quality
caudate nucleusUBERON:000187324.28gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissueUBERON:000219024.27gold quality
transverse colonUBERON:000115724.18gold quality
tibial nerveUBERON:000132324.08gold quality
superior frontal gyrusUBERON:000266124.08gold quality
right atrium auricular regionUBERON:000663124.07gold quality
esophagusUBERON:000104324.02gold quality
ovaryUBERON:000099223.98gold quality
small intestine Peyer’s patchUBERON:000345423.79gold quality
left coronary arteryUBERON:000162623.76gold quality
upper lobe of left lungUBERON:000895223.46gold quality
esophagus mucosaUBERON:000246923.21gold quality
thyroid glandUBERON:000204623.15gold quality
left ovaryUBERON:000211922.58gold quality
left lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000112022.52gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 2 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-MTAB-7316yes30.30
E-ANND-3yes3.26

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Tissue enriched

35 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cellAxisnTPMProtein (IHC)
Retinatissue291.7high
Superior colliculitissue10.6
Choroid plexustissue1.7
Cerebellumtissue1.6low
Postcentral gyrustissue0.9
Cerebral cortextissue0.7not detected
Motor cortextissue0.7
Putamentissue0.7
Hippocampal formationtissue0.7
Entorhinal cortextissue0.7
Somatosensory cortextissue0.7
Retrosplenial cortextissue0.7
Amygdalatissue0.6
Retrosplenial and cingulate cortextissue0.6
Septumtissue0.6
Temporal cortextissue0.6
Ponstissue0.5
Basal gangliatissue0.5not detected
Midbraintissue0.5
Hypothalamustissue0.5
Hippocampustissue0.5not detected
Periaqueductal graytissue0.5
Occipital cortextissue0.5
Insular cortextissue0.5
Prefrontal cortextissue0.4
Nucleus accumbenstissue0.4
Locus coeruleustissue0.4
Olfactory bulbtissue0.4
Thalamustissue0.3
Substantia nigratissue0.3
Ventral forebraintissue0.3
Medulla oblongatatissue0.2
Spinal cordtissue0.2
Corpus callosumtissue0.2
Testistissue0.1not detected

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 188; highest nTPM — Cerebellar cortex (2.7), Flocculonodular lobe (2.7), Vermis (2.0), Supraoptic nucleus (1.8), Paraventricular nucleus (0.8).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

Targeting CPLX4 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific).

showing 30 of 65 miRNAs:

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-6873-3P100.0071.422626
HSA-MIR-6833-3P100.0070.633197
HSA-MIR-477599.9875.006394
HSA-MIR-569699.9872.364487
HSA-MIR-6778-3P99.9667.292693
HSA-MIR-590-3P99.9674.346478
HSA-MIR-146A-5P99.9668.93988
HSA-MIR-146B-5P99.9669.13977
HSA-MIR-7153-5P99.9468.891006
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P99.8866.692776
HSA-MIR-579-3P99.8671.663628
HSA-MIR-450399.8571.451869
HSA-MIR-664B-3P99.8471.653590
HSA-MIR-6756-5P99.8267.972466
HSA-MIR-6817-3P99.7968.352126
HSA-MIR-6885-3P99.7570.363187
HSA-MIR-430699.7270.503630
HSA-MIR-472999.6972.184233
HSA-MIR-6766-5P99.6867.702325
HSA-MIR-9851-3P99.6369.681110
HSA-MIR-451699.6167.783390
HSA-MIR-6861-3P99.6068.46444
HSA-MIR-1212399.5271.792990
HSA-MIR-155-5P99.3570.161509
HSA-MIR-185-5P99.3568.602497
HSA-MIR-464499.3569.122514
HSA-MIR-593-5P99.3469.50965
HSA-MIR-751599.3168.221795
HSA-MIR-431199.3170.473041
HSA-MIR-126499.2566.811317

Functional genomics

gnomAD constraint: pLI 4.18e-06, LOEUF 1.73, missense Z 0.268 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). gnomAD

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD RMC): no regional variation along ENST00000299721 — one region, missense o/e 1.00.

Cross-species orthologs

7 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriocplx4bENSDARG00000059486
danio_reriocplx4aENSDARG00000059978
mus_musculusCplx4ENSMUSG00000024519
rattus_norvegicusCplx4ENSRNOG00000016928
drosophila_melanogastercpxFBGN0041605
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00010520
caenorhabditis_eleganscpx-1WBGENE00022271

Paralogs (3): CPLX2 (ENSG00000145920), CPLX1 (ENSG00000168993), CPLX3 (ENSG00000213578)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:2685803) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 5 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)Records
increased circulating alanine transaminase level1
abnormal rod electrophysiology1
abnormal eye electrophysiology1
decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin1
increased circulating total protein level1

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

OrganismUniProtIdentityMethod
Bos taurusQ0IIE096.8%Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

SymbolTypeEntrez
CCBE1protein-coding147372
LMAN1protein-coding3998
GRPprotein-coding2922
RAXprotein-coding30062
SEC11Cprotein-coding90701

Protein

Protein identifiers

Complexin-4 — Q7Z7G2 (reviewed: Q7Z7G2)

Alternative names: Complexin IV

All UniProt accessions (2): Q7Z7G2, K7EM04

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Complexin that regulates SNARE protein complex-mediated synaptic vesicle fusion. Required for the maintenance of synaptic ultrastructure in the adult retina. Positively regulates synaptic transmission through synaptic vesicle availability and exocytosis of neurotransmitters at photoreceptor ribbon synapses in the retina. Suppresses tonic photoreceptor activity and baseline ’noise’ by suppression of Ca(2+) vesicle tonic release and the facilitation of evoked synchronous and asynchronous Ca(2+) vesicle release.

Subunit / interactions. Weakly binds to the SNARE core complex containing SNAP25, VAMP2 and STX1A.

Subcellular location. Synapse. Cell membrane.

Post-translational modifications. Farnesylation mediates presynaptic targeting and is important for function in neurotransmitter release.

Similarity. Belongs to the complexin/synaphin family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_857637* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR008849SynaphinFamily

Pfam: PF05835

UniProt features (6 total): chain 1, propeptide 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1, modified residue 1, lipid moiety-binding region 1

Structure

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q7Z7G2-F174.260.19

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Antibody reliability (HPA): IH enhanced

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (2)

TypePositions
Cysteine methyl ester157
S-farnesyl cysteine157

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 curated (TAS) of 0; 0 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

MSigDB gene sets: 72 (showing top): GOBP_REGULATION_OF_VESICLE_FUSION, GOBP_VESICLE_ORGANIZATION, GOBP_MEMBRANE_FUSION, GOBP_NEUROTRANSMITTER_TRANSPORT, GOBP_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, GOBP_CELL_CELL_SIGNALING, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_VESICLE_MEDIATED_TRANSPORT, GOBP_EXOCYTOSIS, GOBP_VESICLE_FUSION_TO_PLASMA_MEMBRANE, GOBP_ORGANELLE_MEMBRANE_FUSION, GOBP_SENSORY_PERCEPTION_OF_LIGHT_STIMULUS, GOBP_REGULATION_OF_NEUROTRANSMITTER_TRANSPORT, GOBP_SECRETION, GOBP_SIGNAL_RELEASE, GOBP_ENDOMEMBRANE_SYSTEM_ORGANIZATION

GO Biological Process (6): visual perception (GO:0007601), synaptic vesicle exocytosis (GO:0016079), regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane (GO:0031630), modulation of chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0050804), neurotransmitter transport (GO:0006836), exocytosis (GO:0006887)

GO Molecular Function (3): SNARE binding (GO:0000149), syntaxin binding (GO:0019905), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (4): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), SNARE complex (GO:0031201), terminal bouton (GO:0043195), synapse (GO:0045202)

GO top-level categories

26 GO namespaces:

CategoryTerms
presynapse2
sensory perception of light stimulus1
neurotransmitter secretion1
regulated exocytosis1
establishment of localization in cell1
vesicle-mediated transport in synapse1
synaptic vesicle cycle1
signal release from synapse1
regulation of vesicle fusion1
synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane1
regulation of synaptic vesicle membrane organization1
chemical synaptic transmission1
regulation of trans-synaptic signaling1
transport1
vesicle-mediated transport1
secretion by cell1
vesicle fusion to plasma membrane1
protein binding1
SNARE binding1
binding1
membrane1
cell periphery1
cytoplasm1
membrane protein complex1
axon terminus1
cell junction1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

showing 15 of 634 interactions by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
CPLX4VAMP1P23763791
CPLX4STX1AQ16623733
CPLX4SNAP25P13795710
CPLX4CPLX1O14810645
CPLX4P84086P84086600
CPLX4CABCOCO1Q8IVU9504
CPLX4STARD6P59095488
CPLX4CCDC146Q8IYE0477
CPLX4TERB1Q8NA31472
CPLX4CRXO43186467
CPLX4LMAN1P49257467
CPLX4SNPHO15079467
CPLX4CCDC68Q9H2F9461
CPLX4OTX2P32243460
CPLX4ABHD14AQ9BUJ0449

IntAct

Human interaction partners of CPLX4 in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

showing 30 of 93 partners by confidence:

PartnerInteraction typeMIscoreRecords
ADIPOQphysical association0.5603
AGTRAPphysical association0.5603
AIG1physical association0.5603
AOC3physical association0.5603
APODphysical association0.5603
AQP1physical association0.5603
AQP9physical association0.5603
ASGR1physical association0.5603
ATP6V0Cphysical association0.5603
BNIP2physical association0.5603
C5physical association0.5603
CACNG1physical association0.5603
CCL4L1physical association0.5603
CD81physical association0.5603
CDIPTphysical association0.5603
CDS2physical association0.5603
CLDND2physical association0.5603
CLEC4Gphysical association0.5603
CLN6physical association0.5603
CMTM5physical association0.5603
CNIH1physical association0.5603
CTXN3physical association0.5603
CYB5Bphysical association0.5603
CYBC1physical association0.5603
CYP4F2physical association0.5603
DEFB127physical association0.5603
EMDphysical association0.5603
GAD2physical association0.5603
GIMAP1physical association0.5603
GRM2physical association0.5603

BioGRID (117 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): ACTA2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), CBX5 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), CST1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), EFHD1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), IPPK (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), MAPK3 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), MICU2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), SPTB (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), ADIPOQ (Two-hybrid), AGTRAP (Two-hybrid), AIG1 (Two-hybrid), AOC3 (Two-hybrid), APOD (Two-hybrid), AQP1 (Two-hybrid), AQP9 (Two-hybrid)

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for CPLX4: 17 ClinVar records (0 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 4 GWAS associations.

ClinVar

17 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance17
Likely benign0
Benign0

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 29 predictions of 147):

Position(s)EffectΔscoreSites
18:59296928acceptor_gain1.0000
18:59296926–59296927acceptor_loss0.99006
18:59296930acceptor_gain0.9900
18:59312683–59312684donor_loss0.98005
18:59312683donor_loss0.9700
18:59312773–59312774acceptor_loss0.96006
18:59318294–59318295donor_loss0.96005
18:59318291donor_loss0.95002
18:59318294donor_loss0.9500
18:59312780acceptor_loss0.9400

AlphaMissense

332 missense substitutions predicted likely pathogenic (of 1,096 scored), across 105 residues. Top 20 hotspot residues, ranked by the number of likely-pathogenic substitutions (of those reachable by a single-nucleotide change), then by mean score:

ResidueLikely-pathogenic substitutionsMean am_pathogenicityMax am_pathogenicity
D8980.9800.995
R7070.9590.996
F6370.9040.975
M4070.8630.975
C15770.8390.962
R7460.9820.997
R7860.9790.997
K8060.9770.989
Y8160.9340.988
R5960.9190.990
M10960.8980.965
K6760.8960.954
G3960.8750.959
M16060.8340.885
P10360.8310.916
D6060.8300.933
R8260.7960.881
E4460.7520.846
Y4850.9090.969
A7150.8940.993

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Not detected

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:609586 | disease phenotypes:

GWAS associations

4 associations:

StudyTraitp-value
GCST006976_20Macular thickness7e-24
GCST008309_9Cardiac troponin-I levels1e-11
GCST003837_7Chronotype7e-10
GCST003838_15Morning vs. evening chronotype1e-6

EFO canonical traits (from GWAS)

1 canonical traits:

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0010071cardiac troponin I measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

9 total (human), top 9 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
bisphenol Aincreases methylation, affects cotreatment1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteineaffects response to substance, increases expression, affects cotreatment1
CGP 52608affects binding, increases reaction1
bisphenol Sincreases methylation1
Fulvestrantaffects cotreatment, increases methylation1
Benzo(a)pyreneincreases methylation1
Leadaffects expression1
Lipopolysaccharidesaffects response to substance, increases expression, affects cotreatment1
Cadmium Chlorideincreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.