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CREG2

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Summary

CREG2 (cellular repressor of E1A stimulated genes 2, HGNC:14272) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2q11.2, encoding Protein CREG2 (Q8IUH2).

Predicted to be located in Golgi apparatus; endoplasmic reticulum; and extracellular region. Predicted to be active in obsolete extracellular space.

Source: NCBI Gene 200407 — automated summary from GO annotations (Alliance of Genome Resources).

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 2
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 54 total
  • GTEx eGene: eQTL in 11 tissues, sQTL in 2 (q < 0.05)
  • Constraint (gnomAD): pLI 0.00 (LoF-tolerant), LOEUF 1.51 (unconstrained)
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_153836
  • Notable: 54 clinical variants but no curated precision-oncology (CIViC) evidence yet

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:14272
Approved symbolCREG2
Namecellular repressor of E1A stimulated genes 2
Location2q11.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
Ensembl geneENSG00000175874
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM618540
Entrez200407

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 7 — 4 protein_coding, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

MANE Select: ENST00000324768

Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported): TSL 1: 1, TSL 3: 2

ENST00000324768, ENST00000486966, ENST00000495455, ENST00001049759, ENST00001115850, ENST00001115851, ENST00001138956

RefSeq mRNA: 1 — MANE Select: NM_153836 NM_153836

CCDS: CCDS2052

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000324768 — 4 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE00001246894101355253101355366
ENSE00001246907101345550101351070
ENSE00001930395101387017101387503
ENSE00003692450101383533101383702

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 154 present calls, max score 98.91.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 3.8468 / max 258.1187, expressed in 552 samples.

Highest expression (Bgee): Brodmann (1909) area 46, endothelial cell, Brodmann (1909) area 23, superior frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus.

Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL)

CREG2 is an eGene in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in 11 tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in 2 (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant’s alternative allele.

13 significant tissue × QTL associations:

TissueQTLq-valueSlopeLead variant
Esophagus Mucosaeqtl4.6e-54-0.652:101386663:C:T
Brain Anterior cingulate cortex BA24eqtl5.5e-09+0.172:101315616:C:T
Skin Sun Exposed Lower legeqtl1.3e-07-0.252:101381078:C:T
Brain Cortexeqtl2.1e-07-0.122:101376012:A:G
Brain Nucleus accumbens basal gangliaeqtl4.5e-07-0.182:101348558:A:G
Brain Frontal Cortex BA9eqtl1.2e-05+0.122:101380691:C:T
Brain Cortexsqtl6.2e-05-0.572:101381276:G:A
Whole Bloodeqtl9.5e-04-0.232:101355752:G:C
Pituitaryeqtl1.9e-03-0.252:101359450:C:T
Brain Frontal Cortex BA9sqtl4.0e-03+0.482:101349576:C:A
Brain Hippocampuseqtl5.6e-03+0.162:101314385:C:G
Brain Caudate basal gangliaeqtl1.2e-02+0.192:101389211:C:T
Brain Amygdalaeqtl2.9e-02-0.162:101376643:T:A

FANTOM5 promoters

4 alternative TSS:

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
299453.3976528
299440.230276
299430.117346
299460.101742

Top tissues by expression

showing 100 of 237 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
Brodmann (1909) area 46UBERON:000648398.91gold quality
endothelial cellCL:000011598.29gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23UBERON:001355498.09gold quality
superior frontal gyrusUBERON:000266197.96gold quality
postcentral gyrusUBERON:000258197.62gold quality
parietal lobeUBERON:000187297.53gold quality
middle temporal gyrusUBERON:000277197.32gold quality
entorhinal cortexUBERON:000272896.50gold quality
primary visual cortexUBERON:000243695.77gold quality
occipital lobeUBERON:000202195.44gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortexUBERON:000983494.22gold quality
prefrontal cortexUBERON:000045193.78gold quality
frontal cortexUBERON:000187093.56gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9UBERON:001354093.15gold quality
cerebral cortexUBERON:000095691.96gold quality
neocortexUBERON:000195091.81gold quality
Ammon’s hornUBERON:000195491.47gold quality
right frontal lobeUBERON:000281091.07gold quality
anterior cingulate cortexUBERON:000983590.63gold quality
temporal lobeUBERON:000187190.10gold quality
ponsUBERON:000098888.12gold quality
buccal mucosa cellCL:000233685.78gold quality
amygdalaUBERON:000187685.78gold quality
forebrainUBERON:000189083.10gold quality
nucleus accumbensUBERON:000188278.72gold quality
superior vestibular nucleusUBERON:000722778.15gold quality
hypothalamusUBERON:000189877.98gold quality
brainUBERON:000095577.67gold quality
corpus callosumUBERON:000233673.36gold quality
medulla oblongataUBERON:000189672.85gold quality
putamenUBERON:000187472.73gold quality
midbrainUBERON:000189172.06gold quality
substantia nigraUBERON:000203871.84gold quality
caudate nucleusUBERON:000187371.30gold quality
lateral nuclear group of thalamusUBERON:000273669.56gold quality
ventral tegmental areaUBERON:000269169.31gold quality
substantia nigra pars compactaUBERON:000196567.93gold quality
adult organismUBERON:000702366.93gold quality
spinal cordUBERON:000224064.63gold quality
C1 segment of cervical spinal cordUBERON:000646964.62gold quality
vaginaUBERON:000099664.16gold quality
medial globus pallidusUBERON:000247763.79gold quality
globus pallidusUBERON:000187563.55gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulataUBERON:000196663.04gold quality
cortical plateUBERON:000534362.20gold quality
dorsal plus ventral thalamusUBERON:000189761.87gold quality
oviduct epitheliumUBERON:000480461.27silver quality
lateral globus pallidusUBERON:000247660.73gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000660.31gold quality
pancreatic ductal cellCL:000207960.27silver quality
dorsal root ganglionUBERON:000004460.15silver quality
inferior vagus X ganglionUBERON:000536359.14gold quality
esophagus mucosaUBERON:000246958.94gold quality
lower esophagus mucosaUBERON:003583458.16gold quality
subthalamic nucleusUBERON:000190656.51gold quality
lower lobe of lungUBERON:000894956.35silver quality
ganglionic eminenceUBERON:000402355.09gold quality
epithelial cell of pancreasCL:000008354.68gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atriumUBERON:000337954.34gold quality
left ventricle myocardiumUBERON:000656654.23gold quality
kidney epitheliumUBERON:000481953.93gold quality
upper arm skinUBERON:000426353.52gold quality
ileal mucosaUBERON:000033153.03silver quality
epithelium of nasopharynxUBERON:000195152.83gold quality
ectocervixUBERON:001224951.81gold quality
pituitary glandUBERON:000000751.49gold quality
colonic epitheliumUBERON:000039751.31silver quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219650.42gold quality
myocardiumUBERON:000234950.25gold quality
fallopian tubeUBERON:000388950.04gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009450.01silver quality
cardiac atriumUBERON:000208149.67gold quality
right atrium auricular regionUBERON:000663149.50gold quality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225549.35silver quality
urinary bladderUBERON:000125549.25gold quality
esophagusUBERON:000104348.85gold quality
cerebellar vermisUBERON:000472048.63gold quality
pancreasUBERON:000126448.23gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499148.22gold quality
anatomical systemUBERON:000046748.12gold quality
bloodUBERON:000017848.05gold quality
material anatomical entityUBERON:000046548.05gold quality
multicellular organismUBERON:000046848.05gold quality
gall bladderUBERON:000211047.99gold quality
quadriceps femorisUBERON:000137747.32gold quality
nasal cavity epitheliumUBERON:000538447.03gold quality
placentaUBERON:000198746.46gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosaUBERON:000538645.81gold quality
heartUBERON:000094845.70gold quality
vastus lateralisUBERON:000137945.40gold quality
vermiform appendixUBERON:000115445.35silver quality
hindlimb stylopod muscleUBERON:000425244.95gold quality
uterine cervixUBERON:000000244.90gold quality
female reproductive systemUBERON:000047444.85gold quality
nasal cavity mucosaUBERON:000182644.39silver quality
tonsilUBERON:000237244.39silver quality
caecumUBERON:000115344.06silver quality
ventricular zoneUBERON:000305344.05silver quality
heart left ventricleUBERON:000208443.95gold quality
cardiac ventricleUBERON:000208243.81gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 3 experiment(s), a significant marker in 2.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-HCAD-35yes38.72
E-ANND-3yes5.37
E-GEOD-36552no6.60

HPA expression

RNA tissue specificity: Tissue enriched

45 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM:

Tissue / cellAxisnTPMProtein (IHC)
Postcentral gyrustissue87.1
Hippocampustissue70.3high
Frontal cortextissue43.9
Caudate putamentissue19.4
Hippocampal formationtissue16.9
Prefrontal cortextissue15.7
Cerebral cortextissue15.7high
Motor cortextissue15.4
Temporal cortextissue14.0
Entorhinal cortextissue13.7
Retrosplenial and cingulate cortextissue13.6
Nucleus accumbenstissue13.4
Amygdalatissue13.0
Somatosensory cortextissue12.9
Periaqueductal graytissue12.7
Insular cortextissue12.6
Ponstissue12.4
Hypothalamustissue12.3
Locus coeruleustissue12.3
Retrosplenial cortextissue11.7
Occipital cortextissue10.5
Septumtissue10.0
Basal gangliatissue9.5not detected
Putamentissue8.8
Ventral forebraintissue8.6
Substantia nigratissue8.5
Thalamustissue7.8
Cerebellumtissue7.4high
Medulla oblongatatissue6.5
Midbraintissue6.0
Superior colliculitissue4.7
Spinal cordtissue3.7
Choroid plexustissue3.2
Olfactory bulbtissue1.6
Corpus callosumtissue1.3
Retinatissue0.7
Vaginatissue0.7not detected
Fallopian tubetissue0.3not detected
Parathyroid glandtissue0.2not detected
Testistissue0.1not detected
Heart muscletissue0.1not detected
Urinary bladdertissue0.1not detected
Small intestinetissue0.1not detected
Duodenumtissue0.1not detected
Adrenal glandtissue0.1not detected

Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas): detected in 188; highest nTPM — Hippocampus, CA1 (88.5), Dentate gyrus (83.1), Hippocampus, CA3 (82.0), Precentral gyrus, middle (73.8), Perirhinal gyrus (72.7).

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

Targeting CREG2 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific).

showing 30 of 145 miRNAs:

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5011-5P100.0083.465820
HSA-MIR-190A-3P100.0080.355520
HSA-MIR-518D-5P100.0067.51979
HSA-MIR-518E-5P100.0067.66954
HSA-MIR-518F-5P100.0067.51979
HSA-MIR-519A-5P100.0067.66954
HSA-MIR-519B-5P100.0067.66954
HSA-MIR-519C-5P100.0067.66954
HSA-MIR-520C-5P100.0067.51979
HSA-MIR-522-5P100.0067.66954
HSA-MIR-523-5P100.0067.66954
HSA-MIR-526A-5P100.0067.51979
HSA-MIR-4262100.0073.263931
HSA-MIR-453499.9966.581907
HSA-MIR-428299.9975.366408
HSA-MIR-186-5P99.9970.833707
HSA-MIR-569699.9872.364487
HSA-MIR-477599.9875.006394
HSA-MIR-6825-5P99.9669.813431
HSA-MIR-808299.9567.271170
HSA-MIR-128-3P99.9571.172484
HSA-MIR-216A-3P99.9571.192505
HSA-MIR-335-3P99.9373.364958
HSA-MIR-10523-5P99.9169.222038
HSA-MIR-568099.9169.833421
HSA-MIR-10527-5P99.9172.283754
HSA-MIR-4753-3P99.9071.033786
HSA-MIR-627-3P99.9071.423316
HSA-MIR-3681-3P99.8870.462254
HSA-MIR-579-3P99.8671.663628

Functional genomics

gnomAD constraint: pLI 3.38e-08, LOEUF 1.51, missense Z -1.03 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). gnomAD

Regional missense constraint (gnomAD)

ENST00000324768 splits into 3 regions with different missense tolerance; 0 are missense-constrained. Missense variants in a constrained region (low observed/expected) are more likely to be pathogenic. gnomAD

Region (GRCh38)Missense obs / expo/eConstrained
2:101,350,926–101,383,695174 / 178.20.98no
2:101,383,696–101,387,09515 / 37.20.40no
2:101,387,096–101,387,457177 / 183.30.97no

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

  • CREG2 are putative secreted glycoproteins and may be novel neuronal extracellular molecules. (PMID:12408961)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
danio_reriocreg2ENSDARG00000000666
mus_musculusCreg2ENSMUSG00000050967
rattus_norvegicusCreg2ENSRNOG00000013991
drosophila_melanogasterCREGFBGN0025456

Paralogs (1): CREG1 (ENSG00000143162)

Mouse-model phenotypes

Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog (MGI:1928333) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 2 distinct phenotype terms.

Mouse phenotype (MP)Records
decreased grip strength1
decreased fasting circulating glucose level1

Additional cross-species homologs

Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara’s model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions’ gene symbols aren’t in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession.

OrganismUniProtIdentityMethod
Gallus gallusQ5ZJ7363.7%Diamond

Genomic neighbors (locus context)

Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that).

SymbolTypeEntrez
RNF149protein-coding284996
SNORD89snoRNA692205
RFX8protein-coding731220
MIR5696ncRNA100847007
LINC01870ncRNA107985925
CNOT11protein-coding55571

Protein

Protein identifiers

Protein CREG2 — Q8IUH2 (reviewed: Q8IUH2)

Alternative names: Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 2

All UniProt accessions (1): Q8IUH2

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Subcellular location. Secreted.

Tissue specificity. Brain specific mainly in the limbic system and faintly in the spinal cord but not in cerebellum.

Post-translational modifications. It is not sure whether N-glycosylation is on Asn-165 and/or Asn-166.

Similarity. Belongs to the CREG family.

RefSeq proteins (1): NP_722578* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR012349Split_barrel_FMN-bdHomologous_superfamily
IPR014631CREGFamily
IPR055343CREG_beta-barrelDomain

Pfam: PF13883

UniProt features (6 total): glycosylation site 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, sequence variant 1, mutagenesis site 1

Structure

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q8IUH2-F172.480.46

Human Protein Atlas

Protein class: Predicted secreted proteins

Protein evidence: Evidence at protein level

Antibody reliability (HPA): IH enhanced

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Glycosylation sites (2)

TypePositions
N-linked (glcnac…) asparagine165, 166

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (1)

PositionPhenotype
165–166abolishes n-glycosylation.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 curated (TAS) of 0; 0 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference).

MSigDB gene sets: 57 (showing top): GTCAACC_MIR3805P, chr2q11, MEISSNER_NPC_HCP_WITH_H3K4ME2, STARK_PREFRONTAL_CORTEX_22Q11_DELETION_UP, GSE13547_WT_VS_ZFX_KO_BCELL_UP, MIR664B_3P, MIR4753_3P, MIR513A_3P_MIR513C_3P, MIR627_3P, MIR3606_3P, MIR6844, MIR543, MIR7152_5P, MIR4703_5P, MIR130B_5P

GO Cellular Component (5): endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794), extracellular region (GO:0005576), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), endomembrane system (GO:0012505)

GO top-level categories

7 GO namespaces:

CategoryTerms
cellular anatomical structure3
cytoplasm2
endomembrane system2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle2
intracellular anatomical structure1
vacuole1
plasma membrane1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

showing 15 of 392 interactions by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
CREG2ZNF572Q7Z3I7537
CREG2SREK1IP1Q8N9Q2505
CREG2A3GALT2U3KPV4500
CREG2STK32AQ8WU08475
CREG2PCP2Q8IVA1470
CREG2SREK1Q8WXA9469
CREG2SFXN3Q9BWM7464
CREG2LRRN4Q8WUT4461
CREG2PNMA6FA0A0J9YX94439
CREG2PRDM12Q9H4Q4438
CREG2IMPG1Q17R60437
CREG2CLASP2O75122425
CREG2SH3TC2Q8TF17401
CREG2ZNF708P17019383
CREG2KCNMB1P78475370

IntAct

Human interaction partners of CREG2 in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records).

1 partners by confidence:

PartnerInteraction typeMIscoreRecords
GLDCphysical association0.4001

BioGRID (4 interactions; top human partners by supporting records): C16orf72 (Positive Genetic), GLDC (Affinity Capture-MS), TRIM25 (Affinity Capture-RNA), USP53 (Affinity Capture-MS)

Disease & clinical

Genetic variants

Variant evidence for CREG2: 54 ClinVar records (0 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); 2 GWAS associations.

ClinVar

54 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance51
Likely benign1
Benign0

SpliceAI

Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 26 predictions of 378):

Position(s)EffectΔscoreSites
2:101355367–101355368acceptor_loss1.00005
2:101355371–101355373acceptor_gain1.00002
2:101383544donor_gain1.0000
2:101387015–101387016donor_loss1.00004
2:101355251–101355252donor_loss0.99005
2:101355367acceptor_loss0.9900
2:101387015donor_loss0.9900
2:101383495donor_gain0.9800
2:101350910donor_gain0.9600
2:101383703–101383704acceptor_loss0.96005

AlphaMissense

326 missense substitutions predicted likely pathogenic (of 1,885 scored), across 101 residues. Top 20 hotspot residues, ranked by the number of likely-pathogenic substitutions (of those reachable by a single-nucleotide change), then by mean score:

ResidueLikely-pathogenic substitutionsMean am_pathogenicityMax am_pathogenicity
D16180.8380.917
F24070.9000.961
F10470.8490.958
W4070.8430.959
C20370.8390.899
C21570.8310.888
G16960.8760.963
R12860.8380.951
M26060.8320.947
G22260.8240.948
W25560.8040.917
W7060.7870.918
M22460.7270.893
Y28250.9590.975
S16750.9180.969
S16050.9080.980
F17250.8850.916
F25750.8640.880
G16250.8550.943
F23450.8550.918

HPA cancer prognostics

RNA cancer specificity: Cancer enhanced (Glioblastoma Multiforme)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:618540 | disease phenotypes:

GWAS associations

2 associations:

StudyTraitp-value
GCST003095_4Adiponectin levels (BMI-adjusted)2e-6
GCST003096_3Adiponectin levels3e-6

EFO canonical traits (from GWAS)

2 canonical traits:

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0007737BMI-adjusted adiponectin measurement
EFO:0004502adiponectin measurement

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

25 total (human), top 25 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
sotorasibaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
urushiolincreases expression1
bisphenol Aaffects cotreatment, increases methylation1
sodium arsenitedecreases expression1
2-tert-butylhydroquinoneaffects response to substance1
S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteineaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
pentanalincreases expression1
avobenzoneincreases expression1
dinophysistoxin 1decreases expression1
abrinedecreases expression1
NSC 689534affects binding, decreases expression1
trametinibaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
NVP-BKM120decreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Fulvestrantincreases methylation, affects cotreatment1
Atrazineincreases expression1
Benzo(a)pyreneincreases methylation1
Calcitriolincreases expression1
Copperdecreases expression, affects binding1
Diethylhexyl Phthalateincreases expression1
Estradiolincreases expression1
Leadaffects expression1
Lipopolysaccharidesdecreases expression, affects cotreatment1
Tobacco Smoke Pollutionincreases expression1
Tretinoinaffects expression1
Lactic Aciddecreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.