CTNNAL1

Summary

CTNNAL1 (catenin alpha like 1, HGNC:2512) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 9q31.3, encoding Alpha-catulin (Q9UBT7). May modulate the Rho pathway signaling by providing a scaffold for the Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (ARHGEF1).

Predicted to enable actin filament binding activity and cadherin binding activity. Acts upstream of or within Rho protein signal transduction. Located in cytosol.

Source: NCBI Gene 8727 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 84 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_003798

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:2512
Approved symbol	CTNNAL1
Name	catenin alpha like 1
Location	9q31.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	CLLP, alpha-CATU
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000119326
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	604785
Entrez	8727

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 12 protein_coding, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000325551, ENST00000374593, ENST00000374594, ENST00000374595, ENST00000488130, ENST00000863428, ENST00000916573, ENST00000964500, ENST00000964501, ENST00000964502, ENST00000964503, ENST00000964504, ENST00000964505

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_003798 NM_001286974, NM_003798

CCDS: CCDS6775, CCDS69638

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000325551 — 19 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000805982	108942961	108943044
ENSE00000805985	108943703	108943816
ENSE00000805986	108943962	108944018
ENSE00000805989	108948186	108948234
ENSE00000805997	108965378	108965528
ENSE00000805998	108970402	108970494
ENSE00000806001	108976962	108977048
ENSE00000806004	108983145	108983315
ENSE00000806005	108984347	108984436
ENSE00000806006	108990726	108990845
ENSE00000806008	108999067	108999256
ENSE00001034206	108955790	108955827
ENSE00001137056	108992632	108992819
ENSE00001143716	108979281	108979481
ENSE00001867748	109013302	109013499
ENSE00001908714	108942577	108942834
ENSE00003559836	108952444	108952494
ENSE00003580907	108952209	108952363
ENSE00003603073	108972675	108972833

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 285 present calls, max score 99.16.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 37.3287 / max 468.0629, expressed in 1775 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (4 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
101871	35.1227	1768
101869	1.2204	759
101870	0.5626	330
101868	0.4230	200

Top tissues by expression

293 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	99.16	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	99.09	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	98.99	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	98.98	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	98.96	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	98.75	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	98.60	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	98.01	gold quality
left ovary	UBERON:0002119	97.64	gold quality
left lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001120	97.32	gold quality
thyroid gland	UBERON:0002046	97.22	gold quality
pigmented layer of retina	UBERON:0001782	96.94	gold quality
ovary	UBERON:0000992	96.89	gold quality
right lobe of thyroid gland	UBERON:0001119	96.86	gold quality
mucosa of stomach	UBERON:0001199	96.69	gold quality
cartilage tissue	UBERON:0002418	96.48	gold quality
right ovary	UBERON:0002118	96.47	gold quality
trigeminal ganglion	UBERON:0001675	96.42	gold quality
olfactory bulb	UBERON:0002264	96.14	gold quality
cardiac atrium	UBERON:0002081	95.75	gold quality
right atrium auricular region	UBERON:0006631	95.75	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	95.73	gold quality
vena cava	UBERON:0004087	95.39	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	95.35	gold quality
dorsal root ganglion	UBERON:0000044	94.88	gold quality
heart	UBERON:0000948	94.69	gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa	UBERON:0005386	94.63	gold quality
heart left ventricle	UBERON:0002084	94.58	gold quality
cardiac ventricle	UBERON:0002082	94.50	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	94.37	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 10 experiment(s), a significant marker in 8.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-6308	yes	1161.49
E-HCAD-11	yes	23.42
E-HCAD-10	yes	16.94
E-HCAD-9	yes	16.44
E-MTAB-6678	yes	12.36
E-MTAB-8271	yes	6.99
E-GEOD-130148	yes	6.39
E-MTAB-6524	no	212.02
E-MTAB-10137	no	6.70
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): FOXC1, LEF1, TFAP2A

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

18 targeting CTNNAL1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-433-3P	99.98	69.37	1203
HSA-MIR-579-3P	99.86	71.66	3628
HSA-MIR-664B-3P	99.84	71.65	3590
HSA-MIR-4328	99.57	71.06	4094
HSA-MIR-513A-3P	99.39	70.63	3620
HSA-MIR-513C-3P	99.39	70.63	3620
HSA-MIR-520A-5P	99.35	66.72	1632
HSA-MIR-525-5P	99.35	66.85	1615
HSA-MIR-2115-3P	99.31	69.68	2026
HSA-MIR-16-2-3P	99.29	70.60	1954
HSA-MIR-195-3P	99.29	70.61	1954
HSA-MIR-3606-3P	99.11	69.84	3254
HSA-MIR-6755-3P	98.61	66.90	834
HSA-MIR-4275	97.96	68.42	1549
HSA-MIR-383-5P	96.86	67.55	820
HSA-MIR-4750-3P	96.65	64.38	512
HSA-MIR-4772-5P	95.60	68.04	617

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 20)

• alpha-catulin maps precisely to the familial dysautonomia candidate region on 9q31. (PMID:11768226)
• Results show that alpha-catulin co-expression leads to increased Lbc-induced serum response factor activation and may modulate Rho pathway signaling in vivo by providing a scaffold for the Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor. (PMID:12270917)
• Abnormal expression of alpha-catenin was seen in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. (PMID:12694354)
• alpha-catenin and alpha-catulin have distinct activities that downregulate, respectively, beta-catenin and Ras signals converging on the cyclin D1 promoter (PMID:14993280)
• CTNNAL1 mRNA expression is highly correlated to airway resistance; CTNNAL1 may contribute to the wound repair and proliferation of HBEC. Furthermore, it may serve to Fn mediated cell-extracellular adhesion and its signal transduction. (PMID:17647259)
• Alpha-catulin has tumorigenic potential. (PMID:17952117)
• Seven placental transcripts characterize HELLP-syndrome. (PMID:18374411)
• the Lbc/alpha-catulin axis participates in 5-HT-induced PASMC mitogenesis and RhoA/ROCK signaling, and may be an interventional target in diseases involving vascular smooth muscle remodeling. (PMID:20696764)
• Data show that alpha-dystrobrevin-1 recruits alpha-catulin, which supersensitizes alpha(1D)-AR functional responses by recruiting effector molecules to the signalosome. (PMID:21115837)
• Study provides evidence that alpha-catulin promotes tumor growth by preventing cellular senescence and suggests that downregulating alpha-catulin may be a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. (PMID:21278790)
• a robust transcriptional CTNNAL1 up-regulation occurs during acute ozone-induced stress and is mediated at least in part by ozone-induced recruitments of LEF-1 and AP-2alpha to the human CTNNAL1 promoter (PMID:22359570)
• these results strongly indicate that alpha-catulin contributes to the invasive behavior of metastatic cells and may be used as a prognostic marker and future therapeutic target for patients with cancer. (PMID:22648798)
• findings show that alpha-catulin is highly expressed in melanoma cells; expression of alpha-catulin promoted melanoma progression and occurred concomitantly with the downregulation of E-cadherin and the upregulation of expression of mesenchymal genes (PMID:22733455)
• our study shows that alpha-catulin plays a critical role in cancer metastasis (PMID:23047866)
• Alpha-catulin contributes to drug-resistance of melanoma by activating NF-kappaB and AP-1 (PMID:25793618)
• These data indicated that upregulated expression of alpha-catulin protein might have impact on the tumorigenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (PMID:26311049)
• CTNNAL1 may play a role in airway EMT by repressing the expression of Twist1 mRNA and reducing the level of TGF-beta1. (PMID:29791759)
• Genetic variants in RET, ARHGEF3 and CTNNAL1, and relevant interaction networks, contribute to the risk of Hirschsprung disease. (PMID:32139661)
• alpha-Catulin promotes cancer stemness by antagonizing WWP1-mediated KLF5 degradation in lung cancer. (PMID:35154481)
• CTNNAL1 deficiency suppresses CFTR expression in HDM-induced asthma mouse model through ROCK1-CAL signaling pathway. (PMID:37715489)

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	ctnnal1	ENSDARG00000018162
mus_musculus	Ctnnal1	ENSMUSG00000038816
rattus_norvegicus	Ctnnal1	ENSRNOG00000010593
drosophila_melanogaster	alpha-Catr	FBGN0029105
caenorhabditis_elegans	ctn-1	WBGENE00000832

Paralogs (4): VCL (ENSG00000035403), CTNNA1 (ENSG00000044115), CTNNA2 (ENSG00000066032), CTNNA3 (ENSG00000183230)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Alpha-catulin — Q9UBT7 (reviewed: Q9UBT7)

Alternative names: Alpha-catenin-related protein, Catenin alpha-like protein 1

All UniProt accessions (3): Q9UBT7, Q5JTQ6, Q5JTQ9

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. May modulate the Rho pathway signaling by providing a scaffold for the Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (ARHGEF1).

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with ARHGEF1. Interacts with DTNA. The interaction is required for correct localization of both CTNL1 and DTNA.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Widely expressed. Expressed at lower level in neural tissues and at the highest level in the adrenal gland.

Induction. Down-regulated in cancer pancreatic cells undergoing differentiation and apoptosis.

Similarity. Belongs to the vinculin/alpha-catenin family.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9UBT7-1	1	yes
Q9UBT7-2	2, Alpha2-catulin
Q9UBT7-3	3

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001273903, NP_003789* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001033	Alpha_catenin	Family
IPR006077	Vinculin/catenin	Family
IPR030045	CTNNAL1	Family
IPR036723	Alpha-catenin/vinculin-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF01044

UniProt features (13 total): sequence variant 7, modified residue 2, splice variant 2, chain 1, sequence conflict 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9UBT7-F1	84.60	0.66

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (2): 374, 538

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 229 (showing top): CHIANG_LIVER_CANCER_SUBCLASS_UNANNOTATED_DN, MODULE_503, CEBPB_01, LINDGREN_BLADDER_CANCER_CLUSTER_2A_DN, MAHAJAN_RESPONSE_TO_IL1A_DN, MODULE_195, FOSTER_TOLERANT_MACROPHAGE_UP, MARTINEZ_RB1_TARGETS_DN, BACH2_01, WTGAAAT_UNKNOWN, FOXJ2_01, TGANTCA_AP1_C, WANG_CISPLATIN_RESPONSE_AND_XPC_DN, MODULE_147, OUYANG_PROSTATE_CANCER_PROGRESSION_DN

GO Biological Process (2): cell adhesion (GO:0007155), Rho protein signal transduction (GO:0007266)

GO Molecular Function (3): cadherin binding (GO:0045296), actin filament binding (GO:0051015), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (5): cytosol (GO:0005829), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	3
cellular process	1
small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	1
cell adhesion molecule binding	1
actin binding	1
protein-containing complex binding	1
binding	1
cytoplasm	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1160 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CTNNAL1	ACTL7A	Q9Y615	950
CTNNAL1	ACTL7B	Q9Y614	935
CTNNAL1	AKAP13	Q12802	817
CTNNAL1	DTNA	Q9Y4J8	727
CTNNAL1	RHOA	P06749	589
CTNNAL1	ARHGEF28	Q8N1W1	559
CTNNAL1	DMD	P11532	548
CTNNAL1	FGD5	Q6ZNL6	531
CTNNAL1	CTNNB1	P35222	526
CTNNAL1	ILK	P57043	471
CTNNAL1	IKBKB	O14920	469
CTNNAL1	HOXB5	P09067	461
CTNNAL1	GRPEL2	Q8TAA5	453
CTNNAL1	ABITRAM	Q9NX38	453
CTNNAL1	VCL	P18206	444

IntAct

100 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
DMD	DTNB	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.890
CTNNAL1	DMD	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.880
DMD	CTNNAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.880
CTNNAL1	DMD	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.880
CTNNAL1	RNF135	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
RNF135	CTNNAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.780
ADRA1D	UTRN	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.770
LRFN4	NCK2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
ADRA1D	CTNNAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.710
RHPN1	PODXL	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.690
CTNNAL1	CBY2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
CBY2	CTNNAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.670
SNTB2	CASK	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.670
CTNNAL1	DTNA	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.620
DTNA	CTNNAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)	0.620
ADRA1D	LIN7A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.590
SLC16A3	CASK	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.590
CTNNAL1	PLCB2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.580
CTNNAL1	BRME1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
USH1C	CTNNAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
BRME1	CTNNAL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (85): CTNNAL1 (Two-hybrid), USH1C (Two-hybrid), C19orf57 (Two-hybrid), RNF135 (Two-hybrid), SPERT (Two-hybrid), CTNNAL1 (Synthetic Lethality), CTNNAL1 (Proximity Label-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CTNNAL1 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2CEI4, A3KNI7, B7ZC77, E7FBU4, G8JYB2, O35095, O43156, O46037, O75800, O88327, O95273, P0DX19, P26231, P35220, P35221, Q08CY4, Q0V9L1, Q14746, Q2KIZ9, Q2KJ97, Q3MHM6, Q3TVC7, Q4R809, Q59I72, Q5BK06, Q5RC06, Q5RFN4, Q5U4I3, Q65CL1, Q69ZR2, Q6GPP1, Q6NVK9, Q6NY52, Q7T006, Q803M5, Q8BTG3, Q8C3S2, Q8JGR7, Q8K2Z4, Q91V83

Diamond homologs: G8JYB2, O88327, Q5RC06, Q9UBT7, P26232, P30997, Q5R416, Q61301, A4IGI7, B7ZC77, P26231, P35220, P35221, P90947, Q04615, Q3MHM6, Q59I72, Q65CL1, Q6GLP0, Q9PVF8, Q9UI47

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 76 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
Formation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC)	6	34.9×	5e-06

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

84 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	67
Likely benign	3
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

3507 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
9:108942956:CTCA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108942957:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108942958:CACCT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108942959:A:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108942960:C:CG	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108942960:CCTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108943041:CAAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:108943042:AACC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:108943045:CTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:108943046:T:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:108943698:TTTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108943700:TACCT:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108943702:C:G	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108943740:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108943741:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108943741:CTGT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108943813:TCAG:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:108943814:CAG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:108943814:CAGC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:108943816:GCTG:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:108943817:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
9:108943817:C:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
9:108952238:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108952239:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108952239:CTGGA:C	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108952271:ATTCT:A	donor_gain	1.0000
9:108952438:TCTTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108952439:CTTA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108952440:TTACC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
9:108952441:TAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4824 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
9:108984360:A:G	L239P	1.000
9:108990772:C:T	G198E	1.000
9:108990783:G:C	F194L	1.000
9:108990783:G:T	F194L	1.000
9:108990785:A:G	F194L	1.000
9:108984347:C:A	K243N	0.999
9:108984347:C:G	K243N	0.999
9:108984355:C:G	A241P	0.999
9:108984360:A:T	L239H	0.999
9:108984363:A:G	L238P	0.999
9:108984384:A:G	L231P	0.999
9:108990732:T:A	R211S	0.999
9:108990732:T:G	R211S	0.999
9:108990772:C:A	G198V	0.999
9:108990773:C:G	G198R	0.999
9:108990773:C:T	G198R	0.999
9:108990793:A:T	V191D	0.999
9:108992672:T:A	D160V	0.999
9:108992672:T:G	D160A	0.999
9:108992684:A:C	L156W	0.999
9:108992684:A:G	L156S	0.999
9:108992708:A:G	L148P	0.999
9:108992718:C:G	A145P	0.999
9:108999070:C:G	A110P	0.999
9:108999078:G:T	A107D	0.999
9:108999079:C:G	A107P	0.999
9:108999141:C:T	G86E	0.999
9:108999142:C:G	G86R	0.999
9:108999142:C:T	G86R	0.999
9:108999152:A:C	F82L	0.999

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000006986 (9:108985084 T>C), RS1000012990 (9:108975330 C>T), RS1000154177 (9:108946347 T>A), RS1000204190 (9:108944264 A>G), RS1000208301 (9:108985386 T>C), RS1000258177 (9:108946008 A>C,G,T), RS1000284551 (9:108991029 T>C), RS1000288916 (9:108989086 G>A), RS1000456073 (9:109009214 G>A,C), RS1000483964 (9:108957852 T>C), RS1000581879 (9:109008961 CA>C), RS1000590947 (9:108981782 G>A), RS1000639371 (9:108988747 C>G), RS1000698872 (9:108951451 T>C,G), RS1000702481 (9:108996394 G>A)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:604785 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

0 associations (top):

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

65 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Air Pollutants	decreases reaction, increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases oxidation (+1 more)	4
Ozone	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance, decreases expression, decreases reaction (+1 more)	4
Cisplatin	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases expression, affects response to substance	3
Cyclosporine	increases expression	3
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, decreases expression	3
Coumestrol	affects reaction, affects cotreatment, increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression, increases expression	2
Tretinoin	decreases expression	2
Valproic Acid	affects expression, increases expression	2
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation, increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	decreases expression	1
FR900359	increases phosphorylation	1
dicrotophos	decreases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
alpha-pinene	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
bisphenol A	decreases expression	1
sodium arsenate	increases abundance, increases expression	1
kojic acid	decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	decreases expression	1
benzo(e)pyrene	decreases methylation	1
2,3-bis(3’-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
aflatoxin B2	decreases methylation	1
nickel sulfate	decreases expression	1
methacrylaldehyde	affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance	1
tamibarotene	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	decreases expression	1
deguelin	increases expression	1
fenpyroximate	increases expression	1
ICG 001	affects expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.