# CWC15 > Gene · canonical: https://sugi.bio/atlas/gene/CWC15/ > Atlas v1.12.2 · generated 2026-10-13T13:32:47+00:00 ## Summary **CWC15** (CWC15 spliceosome associated protein, HGNC:26939) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 11q21, encoding **Spliceosome-associated protein CWC15 homolog** (Q9P013). Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 51.4% of cell lines). Predicted to enable RNA binding activity. Involved in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome. Located in nuclear speck. Part of U2-type catalytic step 2 spliceosome. *Source: [NCBI Gene 51503](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/51503) — automated summary from GO annotations (Alliance of Genome Resources).* **At a glance** - **GWAS associations:** 2 - **Clinical variants (ClinVar):** 19 total - **Regional missense constraint (gnomAD):** 1 of 2 regions constrained (≈8% of expected missense variation) - **GTEx eGene:** eQTL in 44 tissues, sQTL in 5 (q < 0.05) - **Cancer dependency (DepMap):** dependent in 51.4% of screened cell lines - **Constraint (gnomAD):** pLI 0.76 (intermediate), LOEUF 0.66 (unconstrained) - **MANE Select transcript:** `NM_016403` - **Interaction hub:** 2,063 STRING partners (top 7% of genes corpus-wide) ## Identifiers ### Gene identifiers | Field | Value | | --- | --- | | HGNC ID | HGNC:26939 | | Approved symbol | CWC15 | | Name | CWC15 spliceosome associated protein | | Location | 11q21 | | Locus type | gene with protein product | | Status | Approved | | Aliases | C11orf5, HSPC148, Cwf15, AD002 | | Ensembl gene | ENSG00000150316 | | Ensembl biotype | protein_coding | | Entrez | 51503 | ## Gene structure ### Transcript identifiers **Ensembl transcripts: 24** — 16 protein_coding, 5 retained_intron, 3 nonsense_mediated_decay **MANE Select:** `ENST00000279839` **Transcript support level (Ensembl TSL; 1 = fully mRNA-supported):** TSL 1: 2, TSL 2: 2, TSL 3: 1, TSL 5: 1 `ENST00000279839`, `ENST00000539856`, `ENST00000542165`, `ENST00000542907`, `ENST00000616442`, `ENST00000621358`, `ENST00000884093`, `ENST00000884094`, `ENST00000884095`, `ENST00000884096`, `ENST00000884097`, `ENST00000884098`, `ENST00000884099`, `ENST00000884100`, `ENST00000928765`, `ENST00000928766`, `ENST00000928767`, `ENST00000928768`, `ENST00000995869`, `ENST00001072533`, `ENST00001072534`, `ENST00001072538`, `ENST00001103563`, `ENST00001136041` **RefSeq mRNA: 3** — MANE Select: `NM_016403` `NM_001363371`, `NM_001363372`, `NM_016403` **CCDS:** `CCDS73369` #### Canonical transcript exons `ENST00000279839` — 7 exons | Exon | Start | End | | --- | --- | --- | | ENSE00001254719 | 94962620 | 94963514 | | ENSE00001377352 | 94966295 | 94966413 | | ENSE00001434060 | 94973498 | 94973556 | | ENSE00003581041 | 94971375 | 94971487 | | ENSE00003582644 | 94969989 | 94970096 | | ENSE00003602456 | 94970977 | 94971065 | | ENSE00003613033 | 94972055 | 94972193 | ### Expression profiles **Bgee:** expression breadth **ubiquitous**, 262 present calls, max score 99.12. **FANTOM5 (CAGE):** breadth **ubiquitous**, TPM avg 66.2949 / max 2083.0208, expressed in 1818 samples. **Highest expression (Bgee):** kidney epithelium, tibialis anterior, cardiac muscle of right atrium, ventricle myocardium, myocardium. #### Genetic regulation across tissues (GTEx eQTL / sQTL) CWC15 is an **eGene** in GTEx v10 — its expression is genetically regulated (eQTL) in **44** tissues and its splicing (sQTL) in **5** (q < 0.05). Strongest associations first; slope = normalized effect of the lead variant's alternative allele. showing 20 of 49 significant tissue × QTL associations: | Tissue | QTL | q-value | Slope | Lead variant | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Cells Cultured fibroblasts | eqtl | 2.1e-54 | -0.32 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Muscle Skeletal | eqtl | 1.2e-41 | -0.28 | 11:94974645:A:G | | Thyroid | eqtl | 6.6e-28 | -0.29 | 11:94995735:T:C | | Adipose Visceral Omentum | eqtl | 5.6e-27 | -0.33 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Adipose Subcutaneous | eqtl | 1.5e-24 | -0.30 | 11:94962057:A:G | | Nerve Tibial | eqtl | 2.0e-24 | -0.26 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Heart Atrial Appendage | eqtl | 5.3e-23 | -0.33 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes | eqtl | 8.1e-23 | -0.40 | 11:94983834:A:C | | Esophagus Mucosa | eqtl | 8.2e-23 | -0.25 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Esophagus Muscularis | eqtl | 5.4e-22 | -0.36 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Esophagus Gastroesophageal Junction | eqtl | 3.4e-19 | -0.42 | 11:94962057:A:G | | Testis | eqtl | 8.6e-19 | +0.20 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Heart Left Ventricle | eqtl | 6.1e-18 | -0.23 | 11:94995735:T:C | | Lung | eqtl | 5.0e-17 | -0.22 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Artery Tibial | eqtl | 6.8e-17 | -0.22 | 11:94962057:A:G | | Colon Sigmoid | eqtl | 1.9e-15 | -0.30 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | | Colon Transverse | eqtl | 3.0e-15 | -0.27 | 11:94962057:A:G | | Breast Mammary Tissue | eqtl | 3.3e-15 | -0.21 | 11:94991264:A:C | | Artery Aorta | eqtl | 6.8e-15 | -0.28 | 11:95018107:T:G | | Liver | eqtl | 5.2e-14 | -0.37 | 11:94973294:AGGCGAGCT:A | #### FANTOM5 promoters 1 alternative TSS: | Promoter ID | TPM avg | Samples expressed | | --- | --- | --- | | 121854 | 66.2949 | 1818 | #### Top tissues by expression showing 100 of 263 tissues by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed): | Tissue | Anatomy ID | Expression score | Quality | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | kidney epithelium | UBERON:0004819 | 99.12 | gold quality | | tibialis anterior | UBERON:0001385 | 98.95 | gold quality | | cardiac muscle of right atrium | UBERON:0003379 | 98.63 | gold quality | | left ventricle myocardium | UBERON:0006566 | 98.56 | gold quality | | myocardium | UBERON:0002349 | 98.24 | gold quality | | skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis | UBERON:0004511 | 98.12 | gold quality | | vastus lateralis | UBERON:0001379 | 98.11 | gold quality | | biceps brachii | UBERON:0001507 | 97.97 | gold quality | | skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii | UBERON:0004502 | 97.85 | gold quality | | body of tongue | UBERON:0011876 | 97.72 | gold quality | | hindlimb stylopod muscle | UBERON:0004252 | 97.69 | gold quality | | skeletal muscle tissue | UBERON:0001134 | 97.65 | gold quality | | left testis | UBERON:0004533 | 97.55 | gold quality | | calcaneal tendon | UBERON:0003701 | 97.54 | gold quality | | right testis | UBERON:0004534 | 97.54 | gold quality | | tongue | UBERON:0001723 | 97.53 | gold quality | | superior surface of tongue | UBERON:0007371 | 97.53 | gold quality | | deltoid | UBERON:0001476 | 97.52 | gold quality | | mammary duct | UBERON:0001765 | 97.47 | gold quality | | epithelium of mammary gland | UBERON:0003244 | 97.42 | gold quality | | lateral globus pallidus | UBERON:0002476 | 97.29 | gold quality | | testis | UBERON:0000473 | 97.28 | gold quality | | muscle tissue | UBERON:0002385 | 97.28 | gold quality | | upper arm skin | UBERON:0004263 | 97.04 | gold quality | | pons | UBERON:0000988 | 96.97 | gold quality | | ganglionic eminence | UBERON:0004023 | 96.94 | gold quality | | embryo | UBERON:0000922 | 96.93 | gold quality | | lateral nuclear group of thalamus | UBERON:0002736 | 96.83 | gold quality | | pharyngeal mucosa | UBERON:0000355 | 96.80 | gold quality | | quadriceps femoris | UBERON:0001377 | 96.74 | gold quality | | muscle organ | UBERON:0001630 | 96.74 | gold quality | | skeletal muscle organ | UBERON:0014892 | 96.74 | gold quality | | muscle of leg | UBERON:0001383 | 96.60 | gold quality | | corpus epididymis | UBERON:0004359 | 96.59 | gold quality | | superior vestibular nucleus | UBERON:0007227 | 96.58 | gold quality | | nasal cavity epithelium | UBERON:0005384 | 96.56 | gold quality | | colonic epithelium | UBERON:0000397 | 96.51 | gold quality | | superficial temporal artery | UBERON:0001614 | 96.51 | gold quality | | caput epididymis | UBERON:0004358 | 96.49 | gold quality | | tendon | UBERON:0000043 | 96.47 | gold quality | | gastrocnemius | UBERON:0001388 | 96.47 | gold quality | | medulla oblongata | UBERON:0001896 | 96.45 | gold quality | | substantia nigra pars reticulata | UBERON:0001966 | 96.45 | gold quality | | cauda epididymis | UBERON:0004360 | 96.41 | gold quality | | nasal cavity mucosa | UBERON:0001826 | 96.35 | gold quality | | oral cavity | UBERON:0000167 | 96.31 | gold quality | | ventral tegmental area | UBERON:0002691 | 96.30 | gold quality | | cardia of stomach | UBERON:0001162 | 96.27 | gold quality | | dorsal plus ventral thalamus | UBERON:0001897 | 96.25 | gold quality | | inferior vagus X ganglion | UBERON:0005363 | 96.24 | gold quality | | ventricular zone | UBERON:0003053 | 96.22 | gold quality | | cortical plate | UBERON:0005343 | 96.22 | gold quality | | metanephros | UBERON:0000081 | 96.19 | gold quality | | hypothalamus | UBERON:0001898 | 96.18 | gold quality | | heart right ventricle | UBERON:0002080 | 96.15 | gold quality | | olfactory segment of nasal mucosa | UBERON:0005386 | 96.14 | gold quality | | body of pancreas | UBERON:0001150 | 96.13 | gold quality | | layer of synovial tissue | UBERON:0007616 | 96.12 | gold quality | | adrenal tissue | UBERON:0018303 | 96.11 | gold quality | | substantia nigra | UBERON:0002038 | 96.09 | gold quality | | midbrain | UBERON:0001891 | 96.08 | gold quality | | cerebellar hemisphere | UBERON:0002245 | 96.08 | gold quality | | C1 segment of cervical spinal cord | UBERON:0006469 | 96.08 | gold quality | | trigeminal ganglion | UBERON:0001675 | 96.04 | gold quality | | subthalamic nucleus | UBERON:0001906 | 96.03 | gold quality | | substantia nigra pars compacta | UBERON:0001965 | 96.03 | gold quality | | bone marrow | UBERON:0002371 | 96.03 | gold quality | | lower esophagus mucosa | UBERON:0035834 | 96.02 | gold quality | | cerebellar cortex | UBERON:0002129 | 96.01 | gold quality | | pylorus | UBERON:0001166 | 96.00 | gold quality | | pericardium | UBERON:0002407 | 96.00 | gold quality | | cortex of kidney | UBERON:0001225 | 95.99 | gold quality | | spinal cord | UBERON:0002240 | 95.96 | gold quality | | putamen | UBERON:0001874 | 95.95 | gold quality | | pancreatic ductal cell | CL:0002079 | 95.91 | silver quality | | amygdala | UBERON:0001876 | 95.89 | gold quality | | cerebellum | UBERON:0002037 | 95.87 | gold quality | | nucleus accumbens | UBERON:0001882 | 95.84 | gold quality | | adult organism | UBERON:0007023 | 95.83 | gold quality | | mucosa of paranasal sinus | UBERON:0005030 | 95.82 | gold quality | | bone marrow cell | CL:0002092 | 95.80 | gold quality | | right hemisphere of cerebellum | UBERON:0014890 | 95.79 | gold quality | | seminal vesicle | UBERON:0000998 | 95.77 | gold quality | | cardiac ventricle | UBERON:0002082 | 95.77 | gold quality | | corpus callosum | UBERON:0002336 | 95.77 | gold quality | | heart left ventricle | UBERON:0002084 | 95.74 | gold quality | | vena cava | UBERON:0004087 | 95.66 | gold quality | | tendon of biceps brachii | UBERON:0008188 | 95.66 | gold quality | | caudate nucleus | UBERON:0001873 | 95.62 | gold quality | | trachea | UBERON:0003126 | 95.62 | gold quality | | synovial joint | UBERON:0002217 | 95.61 | gold quality | | left ovary | UBERON:0002119 | 95.57 | gold quality | | heart | UBERON:0000948 | 95.55 | gold quality | | ovary | UBERON:0000992 | 95.55 | gold quality | | cardiac atrium | UBERON:0002081 | 95.53 | gold quality | | saphenous vein | UBERON:0007318 | 95.52 | gold quality | | Brodmann (1909) area 9 | UBERON:0013540 | 95.52 | gold quality | | male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473 | 95.51 | gold quality | | adenohypophysis | UBERON:0002196 | 95.49 | gold quality | | monocyte | CL:0000576 | 95.47 | gold quality | #### Single-cell (SCXA) Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1. | Experiment | Marker? | Max mean expression | | --- | --- | --- | | [E-ANND-3](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gxa/sc/experiments/E-ANND-3) | yes | 11.13 | #### HPA expression RNA tissue specificity: **Low tissue specificity** showing 60 of 79 HPA tissues / cells by nTPM: | Tissue / cell | Axis | nTPM | Protein (IHC) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Caudate putamen | tissue | 125.2 | | | Frontal cortex | tissue | 110.6 | | | Thalamus | tissue | 103.9 | | | Putamen | tissue | 99.0 | | | Superior colliculi | tissue | 98.3 | | | Pons | tissue | 93.9 | | | Midbrain | tissue | 93.5 | | | Spinal cord | tissue | 91.8 | | | Cerebral cortex | tissue | 88.2 | medium | | Occipital cortex | tissue | 88.2 | | | Medulla oblongata | tissue | 81.6 | | | Somatosensory cortex | tissue | 81.2 | | | Substantia nigra | tissue | 78.5 | | | Hippocampal formation | tissue | 77.2 | | | Motor cortex | tissue | 69.8 | | | Periaqueductal gray | tissue | 69.2 | | | Prefrontal cortex | tissue | 69.1 | | | Temporal cortex | tissue | 66.8 | | | Entorhinal cortex | tissue | 66.4 | | | Ventral forebrain | tissue | 65.2 | | | Septum | tissue | 64.7 | | | Corpus callosum | tissue | 64.6 | | | Basal ganglia | tissue | 63.4 | medium | | Retrosplenial and cingulate cortex | tissue | 63.3 | | | Cerebellum | tissue | 61.7 | medium | | Skeletal muscle | tissue | 61.4 | low | | Hypothalamus | tissue | 59.4 | | | Retrosplenial cortex | tissue | 58.4 | | | Amygdala | tissue | 56.9 | | | Tongue | tissue | 56.1 | | | Insular cortex | tissue | 53.1 | | | Olfactory bulb | tissue | 53.0 | | | Testis | tissue | 37.4 | high | | Liver | tissue | 35.1 | low | | Heart muscle | tissue | 32.6 | low | | Epididymis | tissue | 32.2 | medium | | Bone marrow | tissue | 30.5 | not detected | | Ovary | tissue | 30.0 | medium | | Kidney | tissue | 29.1 | medium | | Thymus | tissue | 28.7 | | | Breast | tissue | 28.6 | medium | | Salivary gland | tissue | 25.4 | medium | | Parathyroid gland | tissue | 24.4 | medium | | Placenta | tissue | 24.1 | medium | | Lymph node | tissue | 23.5 | low | | Thyroid gland | tissue | 23.5 | high | | Retina | tissue | 23.4 | | | Tonsil | tissue | 22.9 | medium | | Cervix | tissue | 21.2 | medium | | Pancreas | tissue | 21.1 | medium | | Vagina | tissue | 21.0 | medium | | Stomach 1 | tissue | 20.5 | high | | Urinary bladder | tissue | 20.5 | medium | | Fallopian tube | tissue | 20.0 | medium | | Postcentral gyrus | tissue | 19.8 | | | Endometrium 1 | tissue | 19.5 | medium | | Locus coeruleus | tissue | 19.0 | | | Prostate | tissue | 18.7 | low | | Adrenal gland | tissue | 18.7 | low | | Nucleus accumbens | tissue | 18.6 | | **Brain sub-regions (HPA Brain Atlas):** detected in 192; highest nTPM — Ventral spinal cord (91.8), Dorsal spinal cord (77.3), Dorsal hippocampus (77.2), White matter (64.6), Ventral hippocampus (62.4). ### Regulation **Is transcription factor: no** #### miRNA regulators (miRDB) Targeting CWC15 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific). showing 30 of 60 miRNAs: | miRNA | Max score | Avg score | miRNA target_count | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | HSA-MIR-190A-3P | 100.00 | 80.35 | 5520 | | HSA-MIR-6798-5P | 100.00 | 65.77 | 699 | | HSA-MIR-12136 | 99.98 | 72.81 | 5713 | | HSA-MIR-1-3P | 99.93 | 72.35 | 1914 | | HSA-MIR-206 | 99.93 | 72.50 | 1893 | | HSA-MIR-497-5P | 99.92 | 71.83 | 2674 | | HSA-MIR-613 | 99.91 | 71.50 | 1710 | | HSA-MIR-498-3P | 99.91 | 71.27 | 1114 | | HSA-MIR-1297 | 99.91 | 73.41 | 3162 | | HSA-MIR-15A-5P | 99.90 | 72.80 | 2787 | | HSA-MIR-15B-5P | 99.90 | 72.78 | 2798 | | HSA-MIR-16-5P | 99.90 | 72.80 | 2780 | | HSA-MIR-195-5P | 99.90 | 72.81 | 2805 | | HSA-MIR-627-3P | 99.90 | 71.42 | 3316 | | HSA-MIR-424-5P | 99.89 | 71.90 | 2641 | | HSA-MIR-6838-5P | 99.89 | 71.94 | 2690 | | HSA-MIR-6124 | 99.87 | 69.78 | 3551 | | HSA-MIR-548AR-3P | 99.85 | 71.26 | 3889 | | HSA-MIR-4503 | 99.85 | 71.45 | 1869 | | HSA-MIR-130B-5P | 99.83 | 68.50 | 1888 | | HSA-MIR-548AZ-3P | 99.82 | 70.56 | 3549 | | HSA-MIR-548BC | 99.82 | 70.61 | 3524 | | HSA-MIR-548E-3P | 99.82 | 70.59 | 3514 | | HSA-MIR-548F-3P | 99.82 | 70.59 | 3540 | | HSA-MIR-4760-5P | 99.80 | 69.88 | 1619 | | HSA-MIR-4668-5P | 99.79 | 70.58 | 3782 | | HSA-MIR-548A-3P | 99.76 | 70.58 | 3524 | | HSA-MIR-494-3P | 99.70 | 71.45 | 2795 | | HSA-MIR-548AU-3P | 99.70 | 68.22 | 1373 | | HSA-MIR-6892-3P | 99.68 | 66.40 | 1178 | ### Functional genomics **gnomAD constraint:** pLI 0.757, LOEUF 0.658, missense Z 1.41 — population loss-of-function intolerance (pLI ≥ 0.9 = LoF-intolerant; lower LOEUF = more constrained). [gnomAD](https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/) #### Regional missense constraint (gnomAD) `ENST00000279839` splits into 2 regions with different missense tolerance; **1 is missense-constrained** (≈8% of the expected missense variation). Missense variants in a constrained region (low observed/expected) are more likely to be pathogenic. [gnomAD](https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/) | Region (GRCh38) | Missense obs / exp | o/e | Constrained | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 11:94,963,388–94,972,130 | 188 / 250.3 | 0.75 | no | | 11:94,972,131–94,972,185 | 4 / 21.2 | 0.19 | yes (p 1.9e-04) | **DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness):** dependent in 51.4% of screened cell lines. **Most-dependent cell lines** *(DepMap gene-effect, lower = stronger; ≤ −0.5 shown)*: HD-MB03 (-1.163), SW 620 (-0.92), YCUB-2 (-0.901), KP-N-SI9s (-0.814), C3A (-0.81), HCT 116 (-0.792), NCI-H1882 (-0.747), U-CHCF365 (-0.737), CHLA-06-ATRT (-0.721), Ty-82 (-0.71), OVISE (-0.705), ZR-75-1 (-0.69), NRH-OS4 (-0.678), CHLA-136 (-0.659), NRH-OS2 (-0.645). ### Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1) - The results show that CTNNBL1 enhances the association of CWC15 and CDC5L, both core Prp19 complex proteins and identify an overlap in the region of CDC5L that binds either CTNNBL1 or CWC15 suggesting the two proteins might exchange places in the complex. (PMID:26130721) ### Cross-species orthologs **6 orthologs** | Organism | Symbol | Gene ID | | --- | --- | --- | | danio_rerio | cwc15 | ENSDARG00000013382 | | mus_musculus | Cwc15 | ENSMUSG00000004096 | | rattus_norvegicus | Cwc15 | ENSRNOG00000008490 | | rattus_norvegicus | Cwc15-ps3 | ENSRNOG00000025157 | | drosophila_melanogaster | c12.1 | FBGN0040235 | | caenorhabditis_elegans | | WBGENE00011687 | #### Mouse-model phenotypes Observed phenotypes of the mouse ortholog ([MGI:1913320](https://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:1913320)) from MGI (Alliance of Genome Resources) — knockout/mutant phenotypes, ranked by annotation count. 1 distinct phenotype terms. | Mouse phenotype (MP) | Records | | --- | --- | | preweaning lethality, complete penetrance | 1 | #### Additional cross-species homologs Sequence homologs in species beyond Ensembl Compara's model organisms, by Diamond local protein alignment (% sequence identity; best hit per species). Lower-identity rows are more distant homologs. The matched accessions' gene symbols aren't in biobtree yet, so each row shows the UniProt accession. | Organism | UniProt | Identity | Method | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Pongo abelii | [Q5RE65](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q5RE65/entry) | 100.0% | Diamond | | Bos taurus | [Q2KJD3](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q2KJD3/entry) | 99.1% | Diamond | | Xenopus tropicalis | [Q0VFP5](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q0VFP5/entry) | 95.2% | Diamond | | Xenopus laevis | [Q6DKE6](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6DKE6/entry) | 95.2% | Diamond | | Debaryomyces hansenii CBS767 | [Q6BP48](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6BP48/entry) | 60.0% | Diamond | | Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h- | [P78794](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P78794/entry) | 50.0% | Diamond | | Aspergillus nidulans FGSC A4 | [Q5B020](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q5B020/entry) | 46.4% | Diamond | | Yarrowia lipolytica CLIB122 | [Q6C0E6](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6C0E6/entry) | 45.2% | Diamond | ### Genomic neighbors (locus context) Genes flanking this one on the chromosome (NCBI/Entrez gene neighborhood). Positional context only — some neighbors share regulatory elements (bidirectional promoters, antisense/overlapping transcripts), but chromosomal adjacency is not itself a functional relationship (see Interactions for that). | Symbol | Type | Entrez | | --- | --- | --- | | [KDM4E](/atlas/gene/KDM4E/) | protein-coding | 390245 | | [KDM4D](/atlas/gene/KDM4D/) | protein-coding | 55693 | | [LINC02700](/atlas/gene/LINC02700/) | ncRNA | 105369436 | | [PIWIL4](/atlas/gene/PIWIL4/) | protein-coding | 143689 | | [AMOTL1](/atlas/gene/AMOTL1/) | protein-coding | 154810 | | [FUT4](/atlas/gene/FUT4/) | protein-coding | 2526 | | [MRE11](/atlas/gene/MRE11/) | protein-coding | 4361 | | [ANKRD49](/atlas/gene/ANKRD49/) | protein-coding | 54851 | | [C11orf97](/atlas/gene/C11orf97/) | protein-coding | 643037 | | [PIWIL4-AS1](/atlas/gene/PIWIL4-AS1/) | ncRNA | 105369438 | ## Protein ### Protein identifiers **Spliceosome-associated protein CWC15 homolog** — `Q9P013` (reviewed: Q9P013) **All UniProt accessions (1):** `Q9P013` #### UniProt curated annotations — [full annotation on UniProt →](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9P013/entry) **Function.** Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Component of the PRP19-CDC5L complex that forms an integral part of the spliceosome and is required for activating pre-mRNA splicing. As a component of the minor spliceosome, involved in the splicing of U12-type introns in pre-mRNAs. **Subunit / interactions.** Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Component of the PRP19-CDC5L splicing complex composed of a core complex comprising a homotetramer of PRPF19, CDC5L, PLRG1 and BCAS2, and at least three less stably associated proteins CTNNBL1, CWC15 and HSPA8. Interacts directly with CTNNBL1 in the complex. Component of the minor spliceosome, which splices U12-type introns. **Subcellular location.** Nucleus. **Similarity.** Belongs to the CWC15 family. **RefSeq proteins (3):** `NP_001350300`, `NP_001350301`, `NP_057487`* (*=MANE) #### Domains & families (InterPro) | ID | Name | Type | | --- | --- | --- | | IPR006973 | Cwf_Cwc_15 | Family | **Pfam:** `PF04889` **UniProt features (27 total):** helix 10, modified residue 5, compositionally biased region 3, strand 2, turn 2, initiator methionine 1, chain 1, sequence conflict 1, region of interest 1, coiled-coil region 1 ### Structure #### Experimental structures (PDB) showing 30 of 38 structures by resolution: | PDB | Title | Method | Resolution (Å) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 9S2E | Human intron-lariat spliceosome-Aquarius (ILSaqr) | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 2.4 | | 8C6J | Human spliceosomal PM5 C\* complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 2.8 | | 6ID1 | Cryo-EM structure of a human intron lariat spliceosome after Prp43 loaded (ILS2 complex) … | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 2.86 | | 7DVQ | Cryo-EM Structure of the Activated Human Minor Spliceosome (minor Bact Complex) | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 2.89 | | 6ID0 | Cryo-EM structure of a human intron lariat spliceosome prior to Prp43 loaded (ILS1 … | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 2.9 | | 9XTT | Human minor spliceosome branching-completed C complex (after step-I) | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 2.92 | | 6ICZ | Cryo-EM structure of a human post-catalytic spliceosome (P complex) at 3.0 angstrom | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3 | | 8I0R | The cryo-EM structure of human Bact-I complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3 | | 8I0T | The cryo-EM structure of human Bact-III complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3 | | 8I0V | The cryo-EM structure of human post-Bact complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3 | | 9XU3 | Human minor spliceosome exon-ligation-ready C\* complex (prior to step-II) | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3 | | 7QTT | Structural organization of a late activated human spliceosome (Baqr, core region) | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.1 | | 9S2F | Human debranched intron spliceosome (DIS) | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.14 | | 6QDV | Human post-catalytic P complex spliceosome | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.3 | | 8I0U | The cryo-EM structure of human Bact-IV complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.3 | | 9FMD | Integrative model of the human post-catalytic spliceosome (P-complex) | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.3 | | 6FF4 | human Bact spliceosome core structure | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.4 | | 6ZYM | Human C Complex Spliceosome - High-resolution CORE | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.4 | | 8I0P | The cryo-EM structure of human pre-Bact complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.4 | | 8I0W | The cryo-EM structure of human C complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.4 | | 8RO2 | Integrative Structure of the human intron lariat Spliceosome (ILS'') | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.5 | | 5XJC | Cryo-EM structure of the human spliceosome just prior to exon ligation at 3.6 angstrom | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.6 | | 7W59 | The cryo-EM structure of human pre-C\*-I complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.6 | | 7W5A | The cryo-EM structure of human pre-C\*-II complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.6 | | 7ABF | Human pre-Bact-1 spliceosome core structure | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.9 | | 5YZG | The Cryo-EM Structure of Human Catalytic Step I Spliceosome (C complex) at 4.1 angstrom … | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.1 | | 7AAV | Human pre-Bact-2 spliceosome core structure | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.2 | | 8I0S | The cryo-EM structure of human Bact-II complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.2 | | 7W5B | The cryo-EM structure of human C\* complex | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.3 | | 6FF7 | human Bact spliceosome core structure | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.5 | #### Predicted structure (AlphaFold) | Model | pLDDT | Fraction very-high | | --- | --- | --- | | AF-Q9P013-F1 | 75.72 | 0.30 | ### Human Protein Atlas **Protein class:** Predicted intracellular proteins, Essential proteins **Protein evidence:** Evidence at protein level **Subcellular location (HPA, imaging):** nuclear speckles; mitochondria **Antibody reliability (HPA):** IH supported · IF supported ### Functional residue map Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. *Source: UniProtKB sequence features.* #### Post-translational modifications (5) | Type | Positions | | --- | --- | | Phosphothreonine | 110, 47 | | Phosphoserine | 121 | | N-acetylthreonine | 2 | | N6-acetyllysine | 18 | ## Function ### Pathways and Gene Ontology #### Reactome pathways **2 curated (TAS)** of 5; 1 disease pathways. Curated-first; evidence = TAS (manually curated) vs IEA (electronic inference). 5 pathways: | ID | Pathway | Evidence | | --- | --- | --- | | R-HSA-9918481 | Dengue Virus-Host Interactions ⚕ | curated | | R-HSA-72163 | mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway | curated | | R-HSA-8953854 | Metabolism of RNA | — | | R-HSA-72203 | Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA | — | | R-HSA-72172 | mRNA Splicing | — | **MSigDB gene sets: 131** (showing top): `SHETH_LIVER_CANCER_VS_TXNIP_LOSS_PAM4`, `REACTOME_PROCESSING_OF_CAPPED_INTRON_CONTAINING_PRE_MRNA`, `GOBP_RNA_SPLICING`, `REACTOME_MRNA_SPLICING`, `NKX22_01`, `LASTOWSKA_NEUROBLASTOMA_COPY_NUMBER_DN`, `GOBP_MRNA_CIS_SPLICING_VIA_SPLICEOSOME`, `HOXA4_Q2`, `NKX3A_01`, `REACTOME_METABOLISM_OF_RNA`, `GOCC_U2_TYPE_SPLICEOSOMAL_COMPLEX`, `GOCC_NUCLEAR_SPECK`, `GOCC_NUCLEAR_BODY`, `GOCC_RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_GRANULE`, `GOCC_CATALYTIC_STEP_2_SPLICEOSOME` **GO Biological Process (4):** mRNA splicing, via spliceosome (GO:0000398), mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome (GO:0045292), mRNA processing (GO:0006397), RNA splicing (GO:0008380) **GO Molecular Function (2):** RNA binding (GO:0003723), protein binding (GO:0005515) **GO Cellular Component (6):** nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), spliceosomal complex (GO:0005681), nuclear speck (GO:0016607), U2-type catalytic step 2 spliceosome (GO:0071007), catalytic step 2 spliceosome (GO:0071013) #### Reactome top-level categories 4 top-level categories: | Category | Pathways | | --- | --- | | mRNA Splicing | 1 | | Dengue Virus Infection | 1 | | Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA | 1 | | Metabolism of RNA | 1 | #### GO top-level categories 21 GO namespaces: | Category | Terms | | --- | --- | | RNA processing | 2 | | RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with bulged adenosine as nucleophile | 1 | | mRNA processing | 1 | | mRNA splicing, via spliceosome | 1 | | mRNA metabolic process | 1 | | nucleic acid binding | 1 | | binding | 1 | | intracellular membrane-bounded organelle | 1 | | nuclear lumen | 1 | | cellular anatomical structure | 1 | | nuclear protein-containing complex | 1 | | ribonucleoprotein complex | 1 | | nuclear ribonucleoprotein granule | 1 | | U2-type spliceosomal complex | 1 | | U2 snRNP | 1 | | U6 snRNP | 1 | | catalytic step 2 spliceosome | 1 | | Prp19 complex | 1 | | spliceosomal complex | 1 | | U5 snRNP | 1 | | catalytic complex | 1 | #### Experimentally-supported GO annotations GO terms backed by direct experimental evidence (ECO experimental codes) — 6 of 12 annotations. The rest are phylogenetic / computational / electronic (IEA). 6 experimentally-supported GO terms: | GO term | NS | Evidence | | --- | --- | --- | | [mRNA splicing, via spliceosome](https://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000398) | BP | direct assay | | [U2-type catalytic step 2 spliceosome](https://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0071007) | CC | direct assay | | [catalytic step 2 spliceosome](https://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0071013) | CC | direct assay | | [nuclear speck](https://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016607) | CC | direct assay | | [nucleus](https://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634) | CC | direct assay | | [spliceosomal complex](https://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005681) | CC | direct assay | ### Protein interactions and networks #### STRING showing 15 of 2,063 interactions by confidence (×1000): | Protein A | Protein B | Partner UniProt | Score | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | CWC15 | CTTNBP2 | Q8WZ74 | 918 | | CWC15 | ASZ1 | Q8WWH4 | 910 | | CWC15 | GP5 | P40197 | 777 | | CWC15 | FAM3B | P58499 | 750 | | CWC15 | BCAS2 | O75934 | 641 | | CWC15 | PLRG1 | O43660 | 636 | | CWC15 | CDC5L | Q99459 | 626 | | CWC15 | SH2D3A | Q9BRG2 | 623 | | CWC15 | GP2 | P55259 | 606 | | CWC15 | SH2D3C | Q8N5H7 | 593 | | CWC15 | GOLPH3 | Q9H4A6 | 570 | | CWC15 | YJU2 | Q9BW85 | 562 | | CWC15 | CWC25 | Q9NXE8 | 555 | | CWC15 | IRF3 | Q14653 | 539 | | CWC15 | MPLKIP | Q8TAP9 | 537 | #### IntAct Human interaction partners of CWC15 in IntAct, one row per partner (best MIscore; records = supporting IntAct interaction records). 12 partners by confidence: | Partner | Interaction type | MIscore | Records | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | CTNNBL1 | direct interaction | 0.850 | 7 | | ENG | direct interaction | 0.440 | 1 | | LRRK1 | direct interaction | 0.440 | 1 | | LRRK2 | direct interaction | 0.440 | 1 | | RBM17 | physical association | 0.370 | 1 | | SGCE | physical association | 0.370 | 1 | | FNTB | association | 0.350 | 1 | | PLRG1 | association | 0.350 | 1 | | NR3C1 | physical association | 0.000 | 1 | | PHB1 | physical association | 0.000 | 1 | | PRNP | direct interaction | 0.000 | 1 | | RAC3 | physical association | 0.000 | 1 | **BioGRID (183 interactions; top human partners by supporting records):** CTNNBL1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 11 records), CDC5L (Affinity Capture-MS; 6 records), SNW1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 5 records), PRPF19 (Affinity Capture-MS; 4 records), BCAS2 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), DNAJC17 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), PLRG1 (Co-fractionation; 3 records), SIRT1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), SIRT5 (Affinity Capture-MS; 3 records), HSPA8 (Co-fractionation; 2 records), RBM17 (Two-hybrid; 2 records), SF3A1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), SF3A2 (Co-fractionation; 2 records), SF3B1 (Affinity Capture-MS; 2 records), SF3B4 (Co-fractionation; 2 records) #### SIGNOR signaling 1 signaling interactions: | A | Effect | B | Mechanism | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | CWC15 | "form complex" | PRP19-CDC5L | binding | #### Protein complexes (CORUM) (5) Experimentally-characterized complexes this protein is a subunit of (★ = the complex contains a known drug target). 5 complexes by size: | Complex | Subunits | Members | | --- | --- | --- | | Spliceosome, A complex | 112 | RBM39, SAP30BP, CDK11A, CHERP, HNRNPA1, HNRNPK, HNRNPR, HNRNPU, RBM25, SF3A1, DDX46, HNRNPA3, RNPS1, SART1, SF1, SF3A2, SF3B4, SNRPB, ACIN1, CCAR2, DHX9, ELAVL1, ILF2, SF3B3, SRSF5, HNRNPA2B1, CD2BP2, DDX5, PUF60, RBM17, SNRPA1, TCERG1, ZC3H18, SNRPD1, SRSF2, SYNCRIP, ZNF207, CTNNBL1, HSPA8, NCBP2, SF3B2, TRA2B, YBX1, RBM10, SF3A3, SRRM1, SRSF6, SRSF7, SUGP1, DDX42, DNAJC8, EFTUD2, PRCC, SF3B5, SMNDC1, SNRNP200, WBP11, CDC5L, PPP1R8, PRPF6, BCAS2, NCBP1, PRPF19, PRPF3, SNRPD3, SRSF4, U2AF2, HNRNPUL1, NRIP2, PHF5A, RBM5, RBMX, SNRPA, SRRM2, U2AF1, CCAR1, CFAP20, CIRBP, DDX23, SF3B1, SF3B6, SNRPB2, SNRPE, BUB3, DHX15, PCBP1, PPP1CA, PQBP1, SNRNP70, SRSF1, U2SURP, DDX17, SNRPC, SNRPD2, SNRPF, SNRPG, SRRT, SRSF3, SRSF9, AGGF1, FUS, HNRNPC, HTATSF1, ILF3, PLRG1, SEC31B, TRIR, CWC15, HNRNPAB, PNN, PRPF40A, PRPF8 | | C complex spliceosome | 80 | RBM8A, ZCCHC8, EFTUD2, HNRNPK, PNN, SRSF1, CDC40, DHX35, HNRNPA2B1, HNRNPC, SF3B3, SYNCRIP, U2AF1, PLRG1, RBM22, SNRNP40, SNRPB2, EIF4A3, FRG1, GPATCH1, HNRNPA3, PPIL1, SF3B1, DHX38, HNRNPR, LSM2, LSM3, SNRPE, DDX23, HNRNPU, MTREX, SLU7, AQR, CWC15, CWC22, DDX41, PABPC1, SF3B2, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, DHX8, CWC27, HNRNPA1, HNRNPH1, MAGOH, SF3A1, PPIE, PPIL3, PRP4K, PRPF6, RALY, SNRPA1, SYF2, TFIP11, CACTIN, CRNKL1, DDX5, SF3A3, SNRNP200, SNRPD3, SNRPF, SRRM1, ALYREF, PPWD1, PRPF19, RBMX, SF3A2, SRRM2, WDR83, XAB2, CDC5L, HNRNPF, SART1, SNRPG, ESS2, ISY1, SNRPB, SNW1, HNRNPM, PRPF8 | | Spliceosome, C complex | 39 | MAGOH, PPWD1, RBM8A, SNRPF, SNRPG, SYF2, PPIE, SNRPB2, SNRPA1, BCAS2, BUD31, CWC25, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, CASC3, EIF4A3, PRPF19, SNRPD1, SNRPE, YJU2, SRRM2, XAB2, CWC22, RBM22, SNRNP200, AQR, CWC15, EFTUD2, ISY1, PPIG, CDC40, CDC5L, DHX38, PLRG1, PPIL1, PRPF8, SNRPB, SNW1, CRNKL1 | | ★ CDC5L complex | 30 | SRRM1, SF3B1, SRSF1, CDC5L, DYNC1H1, GCN1, HSPA8, PPP1CA, SF3B2, SCAF8, SNRPA, SRSF2, BZW1, RBMX, SFPQ, SNRPA1, SNRPD3, TCF4, PLRG1, SNRPD2, TOP2A, ILF2, SF3B4, SNRPD1, SFI1, BCAS2, CWC15, PPM1D, PRKDC, PRPF19 | | CDC5L-PRP19 complex | 7 | CWC15, HSPA8, PLRG1, PRPF19, BCAS2, CDC5L, CTNNBL1 | ## Disease & clinical ### Genetic variants **Variant evidence for CWC15:** [19 ClinVar records](#clinvar) (0 pathogenic / likely pathogenic); [2 GWAS associations](#gwas-assoc). #### ClinVar 19 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap): | Classification | Count (floor) | | --- | --- | | Pathogenic | 0 | | Likely pathogenic | 0 | | Uncertain significance | 8 | | Likely benign | 0 | | Benign | 0 | #### SpliceAI Top 10 splice-impact sites by Δscore (adjacent positions with the same effect merged into one range; 26 predictions of 536): | Position(s) | Effect | Δscore | Sites | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 11:94963515 | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 | | | 11:94966293–94966294 | donor_loss | 1.0000 | 5 | | 11:94966297 | donor_gain | 1.0000 | | | 11:94966414–94966415 | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 | 5 | | 11:94966419 | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 | | | 11:94966423 | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 | | | 11:94969987–94969988 | donor_loss | 1.0000 | 5 | | 11:94969991 | donor_gain | 1.0000 | | | 11:94970097–94970098 | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 | 4 | | 11:94970975–94970976 | donor_loss | 1.0000 | 2 | #### AlphaMissense 1,007 missense substitutions predicted likely pathogenic (of 1,523 scored), across 198 residues. Top 20 hotspot residues, ranked by the number of likely-pathogenic substitutions (of those reachable by a single-nucleotide change), then by mean score: | Residue | Likely-pathogenic substitutions | Mean am_pathogenicity | Max am_pathogenicity | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | M224 | 9 | 0.925 | 0.999 | | D213 | 8 | 1.000 | 1.000 | | F194 | 8 | 0.999 | 1.000 | | H220 | 8 | 0.999 | 1.000 | | D104 | 8 | 0.998 | 0.999 | | D34 | 8 | 0.997 | 0.999 | | N167 | 8 | 0.997 | 1.000 | | F223 | 8 | 0.997 | 1.000 | | D106 | 8 | 0.995 | 0.999 | | D189 | 8 | 0.995 | 1.000 | | D191 | 8 | 0.995 | 0.999 | | N196 | 8 | 0.994 | 1.000 | | N212 | 8 | 0.993 | 1.000 | | F219 | 8 | 0.985 | 1.000 | | F9 | 8 | 0.974 | 1.000 | | D58 | 8 | 0.971 | 0.996 | | D22 | 8 | 0.967 | 0.993 | | H38 | 8 | 0.967 | 1.000 | | F210 | 8 | 0.965 | 1.000 | | D107 | 8 | 0.958 | 0.994 | ### HPA cancer prognostics **RNA cancer specificity:** Low cancer specificity Human Protein Atlas survival analysis — favorable = higher expression predicts better survival. 2 prognostic cancer types: | Cancer | Prognostic | p-value | | --- | --- | --- | | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (validation) | unfavorable | 4.46e-06 | | Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA) | unfavorable | 0.000678 | ### Disease associations **OMIM:** gene `` | disease phenotypes: #### GWAS associations 2 associations: | Study | Trait | p-value | | --- | --- | --- | | GCST011741_15 | LDL cholesterol levels in HIV infection | 1e-6 | | GCST000253_20 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder | 2e-6 | #### EFO canonical traits (from GWAS) 1 canonical traits: | EFO ID | Trait name | | --- | --- | | EFO:0004611 | low density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement | ## Drugs & pharmacology ### Drug and pharmacology data **Is drug target: yes** **ChEMBL targets (1):** CHEMBL6066384 (SINGLE PROTEIN) **PharmGKB:** 1 entry (CPIC guideline: no) #### Binding affinities (BindingDB) 1 measured of 1 human assays (1 total across all organisms); most potent 1 below. *Values come from heterogeneous assays and are not directly comparable.* | Ligand | Measure | Value | | --- | --- | --- | | CHEMBL5653589 | KD | 1440 nM | #### CTD chemical–gene interactions 25 total (human), top 25 by PubMed support. | Chemical | Actions (top 5) | PubMed papers | | --- | --- | --- | | Air Pollutants | affects expression, increases abundance, decreases expression | 2 | | dicrotophos | decreases expression | 1 | | triphenyl phosphate | affects expression | 1 | | bisphenol A | decreases expression | 1 | | sodium arsenite | affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression | 1 | | manganese chloride | increases expression, affects cotreatment, increases abundance | 1 | | isobutyl alcohol | decreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment | 1 | | CGP 52608 | affects binding, increases reaction | 1 | | abrine | decreases expression | 1 | | 3-(2-hydroxy-4-(2-methylnonan-2-yl)phenyl)cyclohexan-1-ol | decreases expression | 1 | | Arsenic | affects cotreatment, increases abundance, increases expression | 1 | | Atrazine | increases expression | 1 | | Doxorubicin | increases expression | 1 | | Gasoline | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance | 1 | | Manganese | increases abundance, increases expression, affects cotreatment | 1 | | Ozone | affects expression, increases abundance | 1 | | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance | 1 | | Smoke | decreases expression, increases abundance | 1 | | Thiram | increases expression | 1 | | Tobacco Smoke Pollution | increases expression | 1 | | Valproic Acid | affects expression | 1 | | Aflatoxin B1 | decreases methylation | 1 | | Copper Sulfate | decreases expression | 1 | | 1-Butanol | increases abundance, affects cotreatment, decreases expression | 1 | | Particulate Matter | affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance | 1 | #### ChEMBL screening assays 1 unique, capped per target: 1 binding Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document): | Assay ID | Type | Description | Source paper | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | CHEMBL5651227 | Binding | Binding affinity to human CWC15 incubated for 45 mins by Kinobead based pull down assay | NVP-BHG712: Effects of Regioisomers on the Affinity and Selectivity toward the EPHrin Family. — \*ChemMedChem\* | #### Clinical trials (associated diseases) Via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific. #### Predicted chemistry — Sugi Predict The predicted patent-compound landscape for CWC15 across ~30M SureChEMBL compounds — [explore on Sugi Predict](https://sugi.bio/predict/target/CWC15/). ## Related Atlas pages - **Disease cohort memberships** *(association, not causation — diseases whose associated-gene cohort lists this gene; a subset are also under Associated diseases)*: [conduct disorder](/atlas/disease/conduct-disorder/)