CYYR1

Summary

CYYR1 (cysteine and tyrosine rich 1, HGNC:16274) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 21q21.3, encoding Cysteine and tyrosine-rich protein 1 (Q96J86).

Predicted to be located in membrane.

Source: NCBI Gene 116159 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 3
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 38 total — 1 pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 1
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001320768

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:16274
Approved symbol	CYYR1
Name	cysteine and tyrosine rich 1
Location	21q21.3
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000166265
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	616020
Entrez	116159

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 3 — 3 protein_coding

ENST00000299340, ENST00000400043, ENST00000652641

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001320768 NM_001320768, NM_052954

CCDS: CCDS13578, CCDS93083

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000652641 — 4 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001101546	26566266	26566368
ENSE00003694569	26480272	26480429
ENSE00003846394	26572868	26573286
ENSE00003847410	26466216	26468634

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 241 present calls, max score 97.58.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 7.5428 / max 179.7619, expressed in 680 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (6 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
190010	3.5159	625
190009	1.4844	437
190007	1.1451	387
190008	0.9200	329
190006	0.2619	158
190005	0.2155	143

Top tissues by expression

252 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
visceral pleura	UBERON:0002401	97.58	gold quality
left ventricle myocardium	UBERON:0006566	96.30	gold quality
parietal pleura	UBERON:0002400	95.93	gold quality
pericardium	UBERON:0002407	95.66	gold quality
vena cava	UBERON:0004087	95.36	gold quality
mammary duct	UBERON:0001765	94.33	gold quality
epithelium of mammary gland	UBERON:0003244	94.33	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	94.15	gold quality
urethra	UBERON:0000057	94.00	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	93.87	gold quality
superficial temporal artery	UBERON:0001614	93.59	gold quality
cardia of stomach	UBERON:0001162	93.53	gold quality
mammary gland	UBERON:0001911	93.47	gold quality
thoracic mammary gland	UBERON:0005200	93.43	gold quality
lower lobe of lung	UBERON:0008949	93.16	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	92.84	gold quality
epithelial cell of pancreas	CL:0000083	92.74	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	92.48	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	92.48	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	92.47	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	92.32	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	92.18	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	92.18	gold quality
tibia	UBERON:0000979	91.96	gold quality
subcutaneous adipose tissue	UBERON:0002190	91.67	gold quality
layer of synovial tissue	UBERON:0007616	91.59	gold quality
cardiac muscle of right atrium	UBERON:0003379	91.32	silver quality
omental fat pad	UBERON:0010414	91.24	gold quality
peritoneum	UBERON:0002358	91.23	gold quality
adipose tissue of abdominal region	UBERON:0007808	91.05	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 11 experiment(s), a significant marker in 11.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-MTAB-6678	yes	1117.41
E-MTAB-10287	yes	75.31
E-GEOD-134144	yes	47.66
E-HCAD-11	yes	46.13
E-GEOD-135922	yes	40.56
E-MTAB-6701	yes	29.90
E-HCAD-1	yes	29.24
E-CURD-46	yes	25.65
E-MTAB-5061	yes	20.06
E-GEOD-83139	yes	9.83
E-ANND-3	no	0.00

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

111 targeting CYYR1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-4673	100.00	66.64	1490
HSA-MIR-30A-5P	100.00	76.31	3233
HSA-MIR-30B-5P	100.00	76.29	3248
HSA-MIR-30C-5P	100.00	76.29	3248
HSA-MIR-30D-5P	100.00	76.32	3233
HSA-MIR-30E-5P	100.00	76.32	3242
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-196A-1-3P	99.99	72.15	2772
HSA-MIR-4282	99.99	75.36	6408
HSA-MIR-4645-5P	99.98	65.81	1284
HSA-MIR-548P	99.98	72.25	3784
HSA-MIR-9-3P	99.96	70.88	2068
HSA-MIR-570-3P	99.96	72.41	4910
HSA-MIR-2110	99.96	66.68	1930
HSA-MIR-4666A-3P	99.96	71.71	3434
HSA-MIR-545-3P	99.95	70.74	2783
HSA-MIR-96-5P	99.95	72.80	2140
HSA-MIR-12133	99.92	71.82	2006
HSA-MIR-205-3P	99.92	69.92	3165
HSA-MIR-1271-5P	99.91	71.99	1972
HSA-MIR-374A-5P	99.90	71.34	2923
HSA-MIR-374B-5P	99.90	69.98	2734
HSA-MIR-137-3P	99.87	74.74	2401
HSA-MIR-5582-3P	99.86	72.48	4221
HSA-MIR-629-3P	99.85	67.99	1875
HSA-MIR-576-5P	99.84	70.46	2582
HSA-MIR-1323	99.83	69.89	2471
HSA-MIR-4420	99.82	70.08	1624
HSA-MIR-3180-5P	99.82	69.12	2422

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 3)

• A new “subtle” splicing isoform (CAG+) of CYYR1 mRNA, the sequence & expression of this gene were defined in a series of NE tumors. This CAG+ codon determines the presence of an Ala residue at the exon 3/exon 4 junction of the CYYR1 mRNA. (PMID:17442112)
• New CYYR1 alternative isoforms were identified and characterized. (PMID:24981926)
• CYYR1 promotes the degradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1 and is associated with favorable prognosis in breast cancer. (PMID:39059493)

Cross-species orthologs

2 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Cyyr1	ENSMUSG00000041134
rattus_norvegicus	Cyyr1	ENSRNOG00000001544

Protein

Protein identifiers

Cysteine and tyrosine-rich protein 1 — Q96J86 (reviewed: Q96J86)

Alternative names: Proline-rich domain-containing protein

All UniProt accessions (1): Q96J86

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Subcellular location. Membrane.

Tissue specificity. Widely expressed.

Similarity. Belongs to the CYYR1 family.

Isoforms (6)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q96J86-1	1	yes
Q96J86-2	2
Q96J86-3	3
Q96J86-4	4
Q96J86-5	5
Q96J86-6	6

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001307697, NP_443186 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR022640	CYYR1	Family

Pfam: PF10873

UniProt features (18 total): splice variant 9, sequence variant 2, topological domain 2, signal peptide 1, chain 1, transmembrane region 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q96J86-F1	59.39	0.02

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 103 (showing top): MODULE_255, MODULE_317, JAATINEN_HEMATOPOIETIC_STEM_CELL_UP, CUI_TCF21_TARGETS_2_DN, ACEVEDO_LIVER_CANCER_UP, RIGGI_EWING_SARCOMA_PROGENITOR_UP, TAATTA_CHX10_01, MODULE_69, HATADA_METHYLATED_IN_LUNG_CANCER_UP, chr21q21, MIKKELSEN_ES_ICP_WITH_H3K4ME3, MODULE_37, KUMAR_PATHOGEN_LOAD_BY_MACROPHAGES, GSE13547_CTRL_VS_ANTI_IGM_STIM_BCELL_2H_DN, MIR570_3P

GO Biological Process (1): biological_process (GO:0008150)

GO Molecular Function (1): molecular_function (GO:0003674)

GO Cellular Component (1): membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

698 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
CYYR1	SLC4A11	Q8NBS3	647
CYYR1	COL8A2	P25067	572
CYYR1	SHISAL1	Q3SXP7	503
CYYR1	MRPL39	Q9NYK5	493
CYYR1	VOPP1	Q96AW1	445
CYYR1	WBP1	Q96G27	434
CYYR1	SLC16A14	Q7RTX9	428
CYYR1	CTXND1	A0A1B0GTU2	419
CYYR1	CCDC177	Q9NQR7	408
CYYR1	GAGE12J	A6NER3	372
CYYR1	GPC4	O75487	365
CYYR1	C2CD2	Q9Y426	363
CYYR1	SPRED3	Q2MJR0	358
CYYR1	CLDN14	O95500	349
CYYR1	GAGE12B	A1L429	348
CYYR1	GIMAP6	Q6P9H5	348

IntAct

4 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CYYR1	YAP1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
CYYR1	PTPRF	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
feoA	CYYR1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (12): GOPC (Affinity Capture-MS), MAGI1 (Affinity Capture-MS), YAP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MAGI1 (Affinity Capture-MS), YAP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), YAP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), MAGI1 (Affinity Capture-MS), PTPRF (Affinity Capture-MS), NEDD4 (Affinity Capture-MS), GOPC (Affinity Capture-MS), WWOX (Affinity Capture-MS), NEDD4L (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0PJX4, A2A8U2, A4D2P6, A6QM06, D4A6L0, E1BBQ2, O15079, O60320, P12755, P49797, P97260, Q0D2I5, Q12770, Q15884, Q1RMB5, Q3TS39, Q3UPR0, Q4FZH1, Q5MNU5, Q5SNT2, Q5T848, Q5XKK7, Q60698, Q6A044, Q7T0Z7, Q7TMB0, Q7TPB0, Q810F0, Q86XR5, Q8BX43, Q8BXL9, Q8C419, Q8CA71, Q8K064, Q8K2Y3, Q8N114, Q8NDY8, Q8WV15, Q91WM6, Q92537

Diamond homologs: Q5HZN7, Q5PQS5, Q6NYG4, Q8VIH7, Q96J86

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

38 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	1
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	33
Likely benign	0
Benign	0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
127268	NC_000021.7:g.13636378_28138533dup	Pathogenic

SpliceAI

1331 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
21:26480427:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26480428:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26480428:CCC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26480428:CCCTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
21:26480429:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26480430:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26480430:CTA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
21:26480431:T:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
21:26565505:AAC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
21:26566257:AATAC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566258:ATACT:A	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566259:TAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566260:ACTC:A	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566261:CT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566262:TCACG:T	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566263:C:CG	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566264:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
21:26566264:ACG:A	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566265:C:A	donor_loss	1.0000
21:26566265:C:CA	donor_gain	1.0000
21:26566265:CG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
21:26566265:CGAG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
21:26566364:ATCAT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26566365:TCAT:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26566366:CAT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26566366:CATC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26566367:ATC:A	acceptor_loss	1.0000
21:26566368:TC:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
21:26566369:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
21:26566369:C:CG	acceptor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

1002 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
21:26480383:C:G	G75R	0.997
21:26480383:C:T	G75R	0.997
21:26480400:C:T	G69E	0.997
21:26480401:C:G	G69R	0.996
21:26480401:C:T	G69R	0.996
21:26480412:C:T	G65D	0.996
21:26480413:C:G	G65R	0.995
21:26480371:C:G	G79R	0.994
21:26480371:C:T	G79R	0.994
21:26480373:G:T	A78D	0.994
21:26480359:A:G	C83R	0.993
21:26480361:A:T	I82K	0.993
21:26480370:C:T	G79E	0.993
21:26480402:A:C	F68L	0.993
21:26480402:A:T	F68L	0.993
21:26480404:A:G	F68L	0.993
21:26480382:C:T	G75E	0.992
21:26480394:A:T	V71E	0.992
21:26480397:A:T	I70K	0.992
21:26566299:C:T	C48Y	0.992
21:26480418:A:T	I63N	0.991
21:26566298:G:C	C48W	0.991
21:26566300:A:G	C48R	0.991
21:26566301:A:C	C47W	0.991
21:26480385:A:T	M74K	0.990
21:26480406:A:T	V67D	0.990
21:26480415:G:T	A64E	0.990
21:26566299:C:G	C48S	0.990
21:26566300:A:T	C48S	0.990
21:26566325:G:C	C39W	0.990

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000085472 (21:26467428 A>T), RS1000108020 (21:26551709 G>A,T), RS1000124863 (21:26506077 A>G), RS1000139607 (21:26466961 T>C), RS1000149669 (21:26508316 C>G), RS1000163224 (21:26488350 G>C), RS1000218364 (21:26559023 C>T), RS1000242027 (21:26497105 A>C), RS1000251408 (21:26525989 G>A), RS1000253707 (21:26483462 A>T), RS1000313603 (21:26473052 C>G), RS1000323987 (21:26519602 A>C,G), RS1000353079 (21:26545236 T>C), RS1000360421 (21:26565912 C>A,G), RS1000371425 (21:26480032 C>A,G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:616020 | disease phenotypes: MIM:605714

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (2): Alzheimer disease (MONDO:0004975), cerebral amyloid angiopathy, APP-related (MONDO:0011583)

Orphanet (9): ABeta amyloidosis, Dutch type (Orphanet:100006), Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (Orphanet:1020), ABetaL34V amyloidosis (Orphanet:324703), ABeta amyloidosis, Iowa type (Orphanet:324708), ABeta amyloidosis, Italian type (Orphanet:324713), ABetaA21G amyloidosis (Orphanet:324718), ABeta amyloidosis, Arctic type (Orphanet:324723), Hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy (Orphanet:85458), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Alzheimer disease (Orphanet:238616)

HPO phenotypes

1 total (1 of 1 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0002511	Alzheimer disease

GWAS associations

3 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001621_1	Airflow obstruction	4.000000e-06
GCST003207_5	Response to exercise (triglyceride level interaction)	2.000000e-06
GCST009996_9	HDL cholesterol levels	9.000000e-07

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0003892	pulmonary function measurement
EFO:0007681	triglyceride change measurement
EFO:0007768	response to exercise
EFO:0007805	HDL cholesterol change measurement

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D000544	Alzheimer Disease	C10.228.140.380.100; C10.574.945.249; F03.615.400.100

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

20 total (human), top 20 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects expression, decreases expression	4
methylmercuric chloride	increases expression, affects cotreatment	3
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	decreases expression	2
sodium arsenate	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
arsenite	decreases expression	1
cobaltous chloride	decreases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
bisphenol S	increases methylation	1
Sunitinib	decreases expression	1
Acetaminophen	increases expression	1
Ethanol	decreases expression	1
Arsenic	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	increases methylation	1
Cadmium	decreases expression	1
Silicon Dioxide	increases expression	1
Testosterone	decreases expression	1
Aflatoxin B1	decreases methylation	1
Cadmium Chloride	decreases expression	1
Permethrin	decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00009191	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Depression in Alzheimer’s Disease Study (DIADS)
NCT00009217	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment of Behavioral Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00018278	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Electrophysiologic Measures of Treatment Response in Alzheimer Disease
NCT00035204	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study of the Effects on Sleep, Attention, and Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Galantamine and Donepezil in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00042172	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment for Early Memory Loss
NCT00046358	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Short-Term Statins and NSAIDs on Levels of Beta-Amyloid, a Protein Associated With Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00104442	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of the Effects of Current Drug Treatments on Levels of Certain Brain Chemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00120874	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Memantine and Comprehensive, Individualized Management of Alzheimer’s Disease and Caregiver Training
NCT00142324	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	CALM-AD
NCT00165724	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Alzheimer’s Disease Long-term Follow-up Study (ALF Study)
NCT00165750	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Correlation Between Regional Brain Volume and Response to Donepezil Treatment in AD Patients
NCT00202124	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Double Blind Study of Trp01 in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00208819	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Comparison of Two Standard Therapies in the Management of Dementia With Agitation
NCT00216515	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Efficacy of Galantamine on the Attention and the Frontal Function of the Patients With Dementia of Alzheimer Type
NCT00230568	PHASE4	COMPLETED	EARTH 413: A Study of Aricept in Hispanic Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)
NCT00234637	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Rivastigmine Monotherapy and Combination Therapy With Memantine in Patients With Moderately Severe Alzheimer’s Disease Who Failed to Benefit From Previous Cholinesterase Inhibitor Treatment
NCT00245206	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Side Effects of Newer Antipsychotics in Older Adults
NCT00254033	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Apathy Associated With Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00260624	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Escitalopram Treatment of Patients With Agitated Dementia
NCT00303277	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Do HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors Affect Abeta Levels?
NCT00305903	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Safety and Tolerability of Rivastigmine With Add-on Memantine in Patients With Probable Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00306124	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Dopaminergic Enhancement of Learning and Memory in Healthy Adults and Patients With Dementia/Mild Cognitive Impairment
NCT00334906	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Memantine in Assessment of Selected Measures of Volumetric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Cognition in Moderate AD (Alzheimer’s Disease)
NCT00369603	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Functional Brain Imaging of Medication Treatment Response in Mild Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
NCT00375557	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Safety and Efficacy of Divalproex and Quetiapine in Elderly Alzheimer’s Dementia Patients
NCT00381381	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Clinical Response of Choline Acetyltransferase and Apolipoprotein Epsilon Gene Polymorphisms to Donepezil in Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00385684	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Low-Dose Opiate Therapy for Discomfort in Dementia (L-DOT)
NCT00401167	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Memantine for Agitation and Aggression in Severe Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00403520	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Hippocampus Study: Comparative Effect of Donepezil 10mg/d and Placebo on Clinical and Radiological Markers
NCT00417482	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Antipsychotic Discontinuation in Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00443014	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Dementia Study in Northern Norway
NCT00469456	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Memantine on Functional Communication in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00476008	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Delaying the Progression of Driving Impairment in Individuals With Mild Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00477659	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Neural Correlates In Mild Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00480870	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Anticholinesterase Drugs on Sleep in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
NCT00495820	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Methylphenidate for Apathy in Alzheimer’s Dementia: A Controlled Study
NCT00523666	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Diffusion Tensor Weighted MRI in Alzheimer’s Disease Modifying Treatment Effects of Galantamine (Reminyl®)
NCT00549601	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Convenience, Tolerability, and Safety of Change in the Administration of Rivastigmine From Capsules to a Transdermal Patch in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00551161	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Memantine in Alzheimer’s Disease
NCT00561392	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Clinical Effectiveness of 10 cm^2 Rivastigmine Patch in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease