DCTN5

Summary

DCTN5 (dynactin subunit 5, HGNC:24594) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 16p12.2, encoding Dynactin subunit 5 (Q9BTE1). Part of the dynactin complex that activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules. It is a common-essential gene (DepMap: required in 98.6% of cancer cell lines).

This gene encodes a subunit of dynactin, a component of the cytoplasmic dynein motor machinery involved in minus-end-directed transport. The encoded protein is a component of the pointed-end subcomplex and is thought to bind membranous cargo. A pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 1. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.

Source: NCBI Gene 84516 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 1
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 31 total
• Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 98.6% of screened cell lines (common-essential)
• MANE Select transcript: NM_032486

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:24594
Approved symbol	DCTN5
Name	dynactin subunit 5
Location	16p12.2
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	MGC3248, p25
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000166847
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	612962
Entrez	84516

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 10 — 7 protein_coding, 2 nonsense_mediated_decay, 1 retained_intron

ENST00000300087, ENST00000563188, ENST00000563614, ENST00000563998, ENST00000566053, ENST00000566298, ENST00000568272, ENST00000568589, ENST00000859652, ENST00000911404

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_032486 NM_001199011, NM_001199743, NM_032486

CCDS: CCDS10615, CCDS58435, CCDS58436

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000300087 — 6 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001107205	23642955	23643023
ENSE00001638373	23667047	23677472
ENSE00001830153	23641466	23641590
ENSE00003491988	23661170	23661281
ENSE00003559417	23665626	23665728
ENSE00003597195	23658507	23658625

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 288 present calls, max score 95.83.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 31.4462 / max 354.5567, expressed in 1818 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
153162	28.5025	1816
153161	2.9436	1464

Top tissues by expression

299 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
islet of Langerhans	UBERON:0000006	95.83	gold quality
rectum	UBERON:0001052	94.24	gold quality
stromal cell of endometrium	CL:0002255	93.97	gold quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	93.45	gold quality
smooth muscle tissue	UBERON:0001135	92.49	gold quality
monocyte	CL:0000576	92.46	gold quality
leukocyte	CL:0000738	92.43	gold quality
mononuclear cell	CL:0000842	92.37	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	92.33	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	91.98	gold quality
ganglionic eminence	UBERON:0004023	91.92	gold quality
lymph node	UBERON:0000029	91.63	gold quality
colonic epithelium	UBERON:0000397	91.43	gold quality
mucosa of transverse colon	UBERON:0004991	91.37	gold quality
esophagus	UBERON:0001043	91.31	gold quality
skin of leg	UBERON:0001511	91.26	gold quality
gall bladder	UBERON:0002110	91.15	gold quality
skin of abdomen	UBERON:0001416	90.97	gold quality
granulocyte	CL:0000094	90.96	gold quality
vermiform appendix	UBERON:0001154	90.37	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	90.37	gold quality
pancreas	UBERON:0001264	90.20	gold quality
lower esophagus	UBERON:0013473	90.09	gold quality
lower esophagus muscularis layer	UBERON:0035833	90.09	gold quality
popliteal artery	UBERON:0002250	90.04	gold quality
tibial artery	UBERON:0007610	90.03	gold quality
bone marrow cell	CL:0002092	90.02	gold quality
tonsil	UBERON:0002372	90.01	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	89.98	gold quality
artery	UBERON:0001637	89.85	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	7.17

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

167 targeting DCTN5, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3120-5P	100.00	65.56	965
HSA-MIR-4425	100.00	67.59	1049
HSA-MIR-3646	100.00	73.56	5283
HSA-MIR-4455	100.00	65.48	1587
HSA-MIR-4283	100.00	66.42	2097
HSA-MIR-450A-1-3P	100.00	69.33	1837
HSA-MIR-4673	100.00	66.64	1490
HSA-MIR-3667-3P	99.99	67.17	1636
HSA-MIR-548N	99.98	71.94	4170
HSA-MIR-4645-5P	99.98	65.81	1284
HSA-MIR-103A-3P	99.98	69.14	1595
HSA-MIR-107	99.98	69.14	1595
HSA-MIR-4267	99.96	66.53	2368
HSA-MIR-5688	99.96	73.23	4504
HSA-MIR-548AJ-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-548X-3P	99.96	73.38	5345
HSA-MIR-146A-5P	99.96	68.93	988
HSA-MIR-146B-5P	99.96	69.13	977
HSA-MIR-495-3P	99.96	72.81	4197
HSA-MIR-590-3P	99.96	74.34	6478
HSA-MIR-7153-5P	99.94	68.89	1006
HSA-MIR-548J-3P	99.94	72.61	4881
HSA-MIR-539-5P	99.93	70.30	2855
HSA-MIR-335-3P	99.93	73.36	4958
HSA-MIR-548AE-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-548AH-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AM-3P	99.93	72.54	4872
HSA-MIR-548AQ-3P	99.93	72.66	4867
HSA-MIR-3671	99.90	73.04	3897
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P	99.88	66.69	2776

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 98.6% of screened cell lines, common-essential.

Cross-species orthologs

5 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	dctn5	ENSDARG00000003573
mus_musculus	Dctn5	ENSMUSG00000030868
rattus_norvegicus	Dctn5	ENSRNOG00000018048
drosophila_melanogaster	DCTN5-p25	FBGN0040228
caenorhabditis_elegans	dnc-5	WBGENE00022118

Protein

Protein identifiers

Dynactin subunit 5 — Q9BTE1 (reviewed: Q9BTE1)

Alternative names: Dynactin subunit p25

All UniProt accessions (5): Q9BTE1, H3BR94, H3BS05, H3BUD2, I3L0U8

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Part of the dynactin complex that activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules.

Subunit / interactions. Subunit of dynactin, a multiprotein complex part of a tripartite complex with dynein and a adapter, such as BICDL1, BICD2 or HOOK3. The dynactin complex is built around ACTR1A/ACTB filament and consists of an actin-related filament composed of a shoulder domain, a pointed end and a barbed end. Its length is defined by its flexible shoulder domain. The soulder is composed of 2 DCTN1 subunits, 4 DCTN2 and 2 DCTN3. The 4 DCNT2 (via N-terminus) bind the ACTR1A filament and act as molecular rulers to determine the length. The pointed end is important for binding dynein-dynactin cargo adapters. Consists of 4 subunits: ACTR10, DCNT4, DCTN5 and DCTN6. Within the complex DCTN6 forms a heterodimer with DCTN5. The barbed end is composed of a CAPZA1:CAPZB heterodimers, which binds ACTR1A/ACTB filament and dynactin and stabilizes dynactin. Interacts with N4BP2L1.

Subcellular location. Cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton. Chromosome. Centromere. Kinetochore.

Similarity. Belongs to the dynactin subunits 5/6 family. Dynactin subunit 5 subfamily.

Isoforms (3)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q9BTE1-1	1	yes
Q9BTE1-2	2
Q9BTE1-3	3

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001185940, NP_001186672, NP_115875* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR011004	Trimer_LpxA-like_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR047125	DCTN5	Family

Pfam: PF21711

UniProt features (4 total): splice variant 2, chain 1, modified residue 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
9B85	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.47
9B7J	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	3.49
5NW4	ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	8.7

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q9BTE1-F1	81.84	0.33

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 1

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

4 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-2132295	MHC class II antigen presentation
R-HSA-3371497	HSP90 chaperone cycle for steroid hormone receptors (SHR) in the presence of ligand
R-HSA-6807878	COPI-mediated anterograde transport
R-HSA-6811436	COPI-independent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic

MSigDB gene sets: 185 (showing top): GOBP_CARDIAC_CHAMBER_DEVELOPMENT, ELVIDGE_HYPOXIA_DN, GOBP_CARDIAC_SEPTUM_DEVELOPMENT, TSENG_IRS1_TARGETS_UP, TGCGCANK_UNKNOWN, GOBP_CORONARY_VASCULATURE_DEVELOPMENT, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_ARTERY_DEVELOPMENT, REACTOME_MEMBRANE_TRAFFICKING, GOCC_MICROTUBULE_ORGANIZING_CENTER, GOBP_AORTA_DEVELOPMENT, CTAGGAA_MIR384, GOCC_CENTROSOME, GOBP_CARDIAC_VENTRICLE_DEVELOPMENT, GOBP_VENTRICULAR_SEPTUM_DEVELOPMENT

GO Biological Process (3): ventricular septum development (GO:0003281), aorta development (GO:0035904), coronary vasculature development (GO:0060976)

GO Molecular Function (1): protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (10): kinetochore (GO:0000776), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), centrosome (GO:0005813), cytosol (GO:0005829), dynactin complex (GO:0005869), nuclear membrane (GO:0031965), chromosome, centromeric region (GO:0000775), chromosome (GO:0005694), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), cytoskeleton (GO:0005856)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-4 pathways:

Category	Pathways
Adaptive Immune System	1
Cellular responses to stress	1
ER to Golgi Anterograde Transport	1
Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
intracellular membraneless organelle	3
cellular anatomical structure	3
cardiac ventricle development	1
cardiac septum development	1
artery development	1
blood vessel development	1
heart development	1
binding	1
condensed chromosome, centromeric region	1
supramolecular complex	1
nuclear lumen	1
centriole	1
microtubule organizing center	1
cytoplasm	1
microtubule associated complex	1
actin cytoskeleton	1
nucleus	1
nuclear envelope	1
organelle membrane	1
chromosomal region	1
intracellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1688 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
DCTN5	DCTN4	Q9UJW0	964
DCTN5	DCTN6	O00399	953
DCTN5	ACTR10	Q9NZ32	936
DCTN5	DYNC1H1	Q14204	910
DCTN5	ACTR3C	Q9C0K3	858
DCTN5	ACTR3B	Q9P1U1	838
DCTN5	DCTN1	Q14203	822
DCTN5	DCTN3	O75935	773
DCTN5	CAPZA2	P47755	749
DCTN5	CAPZA1	P52907	743
DCTN5	DCTN2	Q13561	743
DCTN5	DISC1	Q9NRI5	712
DCTN5	ACTR1A	P42024	652
DCTN5	UBFD1	O14562	603
DCTN5	TMOD4	Q9NZQ9	583

IntAct

82 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
DCTN1	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.780
DCTN2	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
DCTN2	DCTN3	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.730
CCDC120	AIP	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
MIS18A	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
DCTN5	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
CAPZA2	CNOT1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
BCL7A	ARID1A	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
DCTN5	RBPMS	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FATE1	DCTN5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RBPMS	DCTN5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
Dctn2	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.560
DYNLL1	DCTN5	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
INAVA	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
UQCRH	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
DEFB127	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
DCTN6	ZBTB43	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
DYNC1LI1	DYNC1LI2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530
PDGFD	DCTN6	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.530

BioGRID (140): DCTN5 (Two-hybrid), FATE1 (Two-hybrid), DCTN5 (Affinity Capture-MS), DCTN5 (Affinity Capture-MS), DCTN5 (Affinity Capture-MS), DCTN5 (Affinity Capture-MS), DCTN5 (Two-hybrid), DCTN5 (Co-fractionation), DCTN5 (Co-fractionation), DCTN5 (Co-fractionation), DCTN5 (Co-fractionation), DCTN5 (Co-fractionation), DCTN5 (Proximity Label-MS), DCTN5 (Affinity Capture-MS), DCTN5 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A286ZK88, A1L1L6, A7MB28, A8WGF4, B8BJ39, D0G6S1, O00399, O54956, P11029, P11497, Q13085, Q148G7, Q28007, Q28943, Q28DR7, Q2HJF8, Q2RAK2, Q4R4U1, Q502J7, Q5FVD6, Q5R559, Q5R5F8, Q5R7D8, Q5R8Q7, Q5SWU9, Q5ZIT8, Q5ZM73, Q6AYR2, Q6NVC5, Q6NWV3, Q6P1X5, Q6PC62, Q7TPD1, Q7TSL3, Q86XK2, Q8BG51, Q8BH44, Q8C176, Q8CHR6, Q8IWZ6

Diamond homologs: A0A286ZK88, Q54XU5, Q5R559, Q9BTE1, Q9QZB9, Q54JC2

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 67 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
COPI-independent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic	10	47.2×	2e-12
HSP90 chaperone cycle for steroid hormone receptors (SHR) in the presence of ligand	10	44.0×	2e-12
Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes	7	25.2×	5e-07
Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome	7	25.2×	5e-07
COPI-mediated anterograde transport	10	25.0×	4e-10
AURKA Activation by TPX2	7	24.2×	5e-07
MHC class II antigen presentation	11	22.3×	1e-10
Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes	7	21.6×	1e-06

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

31 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	20
Likely benign	0
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

919 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
16:23641574:C:G	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23641605:A:AG	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23641605:A:G	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23658497:C:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658502:TACAG:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:23658504:C:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658504:CA:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:23658505:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658505:A:AT	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:23658506:G:GA	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658506:G:T	acceptor_loss	1.0000
16:23658506:GA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658506:GAC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658506:GACC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658506:GACCA:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23658622:AAGG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23658623:AGG:A	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23658624:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23658624:GGG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23658625:GG:G	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23658626:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23658626:GTAT:G	donor_loss	1.0000
16:23661168:A:AG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23661169:G:GG	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23661169:GT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23661169:GTGTT:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
16:23661282:G:GG	donor_gain	1.0000
16:23641527:G:T	donor_gain	0.9900
16:23641574:C:CG	donor_gain	0.9900
16:23641578:G:GG	donor_gain	0.9900

AlphaMissense

1193 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
16:23642966:C:A	N20K	1.000
16:23642966:C:G	N20K	1.000
16:23642995:G:A	G30E	1.000
16:23643007:T:A	I34N	1.000
16:23643013:T:A	L36H	1.000
16:23643019:G:A	G38D	1.000
16:23643019:G:T	G38V	1.000
16:23658527:T:G	C46W	1.000
16:23658535:G:C	R49P	1.000
16:23658537:G:A	G50R	1.000
16:23658537:G:C	G50R	1.000
16:23658537:G:T	G50W	1.000
16:23658538:G:A	G50E	1.000
16:23658538:G:T	G50V	1.000
16:23658540:G:C	D51H	1.000
16:23658541:A:C	D51A	1.000
16:23658541:A:G	D51G	1.000
16:23658541:A:T	D51V	1.000
16:23658544:T:C	L52P	1.000
16:23658561:G:A	G58R	1.000
16:23658561:G:C	G58R	1.000
16:23658562:G:A	G58E	1.000
16:23658562:G:T	G58V	1.000
16:23658571:G:A	C61Y	1.000
16:23658572:T:G	C61W	1.000
16:23658592:T:A	V68D	1.000
16:23658595:T:A	I69K	1.000
16:23658601:C:A	P71Q	1.000
16:23658601:C:G	P71R	1.000
16:23658611:G:C	K74N	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000056366 (16:23674582 C>T), RS1000129476 (16:23674222 G>A,T), RS1000145194 (16:23651534 A>G), RS1000390154 (16:23641675 C>A,T), RS1000403894 (16:23664770 C>G,T), RS1000429192 (16:23673700 T>G), RS1000483663 (16:23673924 C>T), RS1000488889 (16:23647518 T>G), RS1000542285 (16:23647240 C>A,T), RS1000752219 (16:23653016 C>T), RS1000776908 (16:23642706 T>A,G), RS1001007313 (16:23666095 C>T), RS1001031275 (16:23662274 A>C), RS1001057535 (16:23676050 G>A), RS1001193979 (16:23652325 G>A,C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:612962 | disease phenotypes: MIM:114480, MIM:114500, MIM:610832, MIM:613348, MIM:620442

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (7): hereditary breast carcinoma (MONDO:0016419), hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome (MONDO:0003582), colorectal cancer (MONDO:0005575), Fanconi anemia complementation group N (MONDO:0012565), pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3 (MONDO:0013236), hereditary neoplastic syndrome (MONDO:0015356), breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 5 (MONDO:0957530)

Orphanet (6): Hereditary breast cancer (Orphanet:227535), Familial pancreatic carcinoma (Orphanet:1333), Inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome (Orphanet:140162), Hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer syndrome (Orphanet:145), Fanconi anemia (Orphanet:84), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Colorectal cancer (Orphanet:466667)

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST000044_5	Bipolar disorder	6.000000e-08

MeSH disease descriptors (4)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D061325	Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome	C04.588.180.483; C04.588.322.455.431; C04.700.517; C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.431; C12.050.351.937.418.685.431; C12.100.250.056.630.705.431; C12.900.418.685.431; C16.320.700.517; C17.800.090.500.483; C19.344.410.431; C19.391.630.705.431
D009386	Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary	C04.700; C16.320.700
C562840	Breast Cancer, Familial (supp.)
C563657	Fanconi Anemia, Complementation Group N (supp.)

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

27 total (human), top 27 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	increases expression, affects expression, affects cotreatment	4
Nickel	increases expression	2
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases expression	2
Cyclosporine	increases expression	2
aristolochic acid I	increases expression	1
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
pirinixic acid	decreases expression, increases activity, affects binding	1
beta-lapachone	decreases expression	1
arsenite	affects binding, increases reaction	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
isobutyl alcohol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
torcetrapib	increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Air Pollutants	affects expression, increases abundance	1
Cisplatin	increases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Ethyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Formaldehyde	increases expression	1
Gasoline	decreases expression, increases abundance, affects cotreatment	1
Methyl Methanesulfonate	increases expression	1
Ozone	affects expression, increases abundance	1
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases expression	1
Copper Sulfate	decreases expression	1
tert-Butylhydroperoxide	decreases methylation	1
Particulate Matter	affects cotreatment, decreases expression, increases abundance	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02562170	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Protexa® Versus TiLoopBra® in Immediate Breast Reconstruction- A Pilot Study
NCT00114829	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Preoperative Assessment of Colon Tumor
NCT00114842	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Magnetic Resonance (MR) Colonography With Fecal Tagging
NCT00114946	PHASE4	TERMINATED	A Study to Compare Two Avastin-Based Treatment Regimens for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
NCT00122720	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effect of Darbepoetin Upon Rehabilitation for Colorectal Cancer Surgery
NCT00129870	PHASE4	TERMINATED	CONCEPT: Comparison of Oxaliplatin vs Conventional Methods With Calcium/Magnesium in First-Line Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
NCT00138060	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Toxicity/Benefit Ratio Optimization of Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients by Determination of Individual Genotypic Determinants
NCT00216424	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Capecitabine (Xeloda) and Radiation for Patients With Rectosigmoid Carcinoma
NCT00327093	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Elaboration of a Model for Predicting Efficacy of Monoclonal Antibodies (Cetuximab and Bevacizumab) in Patients With Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases
NCT00332943	PHASE4	COMPLETED	MR Colonography With Fecal Tagging. Barium vs. BariumFerumoxsil
NCT00441311	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Dissemination of Colorectal Cancer Screening to Primary Care Physicians
NCT00460837	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Comparison of Bowel Preparation in Virtual Colonoscopy (VC) - Patient Experience
NCT00473980	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Preoperative Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs(NSAID) to Colorectal Cancer Patients
NCT00488904	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Postoperative Complications After Colorectal Surgery
NCT00496678	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Trial of Patient Navigation-Activation
NCT00502671	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study of Xeloda (Capecitabine) as Adjuvant Monotherapy in Patients With Colon Cancer.
NCT00559676	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
NCT00577031	PHASE4	COMPLETED	OBELIX Study: A Study of Avastin (Bevacizumab) in Combination With XELOX in Patients With Metastatic Cancer of the Colon or Rectum.
NCT00626054	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Two Methods of Administration of a PEG Solution
NCT00812864	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pharmacokinetic Study of Capecitabine in Elderly Cancer Patient (≥ 75 Years)
NCT00868569	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Transhepatic Arterial Chemotherapy (TAC) Versus Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Plus Folfox4 as the Treatment of Unresectable Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
NCT00868816	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Oxaliplatine Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer: 8 Cycles Versus 12 Cycles
NCT00874406	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Preoperative Transhepatic Arterial Chemotherapy (TAC) in the Treatment of Liver Metastasis of Resectable Colorectal Cancer
NCT00928928	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Oxidative Stress Markers in Open and Laparoscopic Colectomy for Cancer
NCT00942461	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Inflammatory Response in Laparoscopic and Open Colectomy
NCT01023633	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	OPTIMOX1 in Chinese mCRC Patients
NCT01271582	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Investigation of Association Between UGT1A1 Polymorphisms and Irinotecan Toxicity in Korean Patients
NCT01315990	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	FOLFIRI in Combination With Cetuximab in the First-line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Including a Regular Dermal Prophylaxis to Prevent Acneiforme Follicular Exanthema
NCT01493713	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Correlation Between RECIST, Morphologic Response by CT- Histopathologic Response in Hepatic Metastasis Secondary to Colorectal Cancer
NCT01609660	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Impact of Probiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota
NCT01641458	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Pharmacology-driven Dosing of Fluoropyrimidines in Cancer Patients
NCT01689792	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Multi-centre Study Comparing the Polyp Detection Rate of Two Different Types of Bowel Preparation: a 2-litre Solution (MOVIPREP®) Versus a Hyperosmotic and Stimulant Combined Low Volume Bowel Preparation (Sodium Picosulfate and Magnesium Citrate)
NCT01695772	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Study of Bevacizumab Plus 5-Flurouracil (5-FU) Based Doublet Chemotherapy as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Participants With Previously Untreated Unresectable Liver-Only Metastases From Colorectal Cancer
NCT01695863	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Patient Satisfaction of Miralax and Gatorade Versus Movi Prep
NCT01706822	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Radial Reload Laparoscopic LAR Case Series
NCT01740947	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Does Administration of Antibiotics in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Result in Less Complications and Better Prognosis?
NCT01831310	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Nutrition for Colorectal Cancer Patients and Neutrophil Functions
NCT01841294	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	NK Activity Modulation Induced by Intravenous Lidocaine During Colorectal Laparoscopic Surgery
NCT01959061	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Efficacy and Safety of Raltitrexed-based Transarterial Chemoembolisation(TACE)for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
NCT02032953	PHASE4	UNKNOWN	Enhancing the Anabolic Effect of Perioperative Nutrition With Insulin While Maintaining Normoglycemia