DERL2

gene
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Also known as F-LAN-1FLANaF-LANaCGI-101derlin-2

Summary

DERL2 (derlin 2, HGNC:17943) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 17p13.2, encoding Derlin-2 (Q9GZP9). Functional component of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal glycoproteins, but not that of misfolded nonglycoproteins. It is a selective cancer dependency (DepMap: 25.1% of cell lines).

Proteins that are unfolded or misfolded in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) must be refolded or degraded to maintain the homeostasis of the ER. DERL2 is involved in the degradation of misfolded glycoproteins in the ER (Oda et al., 2006 [PubMed 16449189]).

Source: NCBI Gene 51009 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

  • GWAS associations: 1
  • Clinical variants (ClinVar): 22 total
  • Cancer dependency (DepMap): dependent in 25.1% of screened cell lines
  • MANE Select transcript: NM_016041

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

FieldValue
HGNC IDHGNC:17943
Approved symbolDERL2
Namederlin 2
Location17p13.2
Locus typegene with protein product
StatusApproved
AliasesF-LAN-1, FLANa, F-LANa, CGI-101, derlin-2
Ensembl geneENSG00000072849
Ensembl biotypeprotein_coding
OMIM610304
Entrez51009

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 33 — 25 protein_coding, 4 nonsense_mediated_decay, 3 retained_intron, 1 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined

ENST00000158771, ENST00000570848, ENST00000571476, ENST00000571968, ENST00000571971, ENST00000572834, ENST00000573547, ENST00000573637, ENST00000574700, ENST00000574952, ENST00000575209, ENST00000575605, ENST00000576551, ENST00000889578, ENST00000889579, ENST00000889580, ENST00000889581, ENST00000889582, ENST00000889583, ENST00000889584, ENST00000889585, ENST00000889586, ENST00000889587, ENST00000889588, ENST00000889589, ENST00000889590, ENST00000889591, ENST00000889592, ENST00000889593, ENST00000931637, ENST00000931638, ENST00000931639, ENST00000967035

RefSeq mRNA: 3 — MANE Select: NM_016041 NM_001304777, NM_001304779, NM_016041

CCDS: CCDS11073, CCDS76927

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000158771 — 7 exons

ExonStartEnd
ENSE0000088716654812965481389
ENSE0000111757354712545474789
ENSE0000266941754860695486178
ENSE0000346280054851515485216
ENSE0000356042254803875480582
ENSE0000356862654800545480144
ENSE0000366210654828095482882

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 283 present calls, max score 98.03.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 18.4314 / max 108.5483, expressed in 1803 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter IDTPM avgSamples expressed
16403318.06821801
1640340.3633149

Top tissues by expression

286 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

TissueAnatomy IDExpression scoreQuality
right testisUBERON:000453498.03gold quality
left testisUBERON:000453397.92gold quality
body of pancreasUBERON:000115097.66gold quality
calcaneal tendonUBERON:000370196.82gold quality
testisUBERON:000047396.78gold quality
right lobe of liverUBERON:000111496.46gold quality
parotid glandUBERON:000183196.41gold quality
pancreasUBERON:000126496.00gold quality
mucosa of transverse colonUBERON:000499195.84gold quality
olfactory segment of nasal mucosaUBERON:000538695.74gold quality
lower esophagus mucosaUBERON:003583495.66gold quality
granulocyteCL:000009495.60gold quality
right adrenal glandUBERON:000123395.60gold quality
right lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000111995.46gold quality
right adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582795.43gold quality
adenohypophysisUBERON:000219695.40gold quality
left adrenal glandUBERON:000123495.22gold quality
adrenal tissueUBERON:001830395.18gold quality
left adrenal gland cortexUBERON:003582595.14gold quality
islet of LangerhansUBERON:000000695.12gold quality
spermCL:000001995.09gold quality
adrenal glandUBERON:000236995.03gold quality
saliva-secreting glandUBERON:000104494.93gold quality
left lobe of thyroid glandUBERON:000112094.93gold quality
deciduaUBERON:000245094.93gold quality
monocyteCL:000057694.88gold quality
leukocyteCL:000073894.81gold quality
corpus epididymisUBERON:000435994.80gold quality
mononuclear cellCL:000084294.77gold quality
stromal cell of endometriumCL:000225594.73gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

ExperimentMarker?Max mean expression
E-ANND-3yes17.79

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): E2F4

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

146 targeting DERL2, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNAMax scoreAvg scoremiRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-3163100.0077.238605
HSA-MIR-4682100.0068.891258
HSA-MIR-3925-3P100.0069.951237
HSA-MIR-4510100.0066.602050
HSA-MIR-6127100.0066.762188
HSA-MIR-6129100.0066.462080
HSA-MIR-6130100.0066.692012
HSA-MIR-6133100.0066.482064
HSA-MIR-4747-5P100.0067.902681
HSA-MIR-5196-5P100.0067.982761
HSA-MIR-3613-3P100.0076.367965
HSA-MIR-548C-3P99.9974.017587
HSA-MIR-453199.9969.703181
HSA-MIR-607799.9968.042299
HSA-MIR-548AN99.9770.912817
HSA-MIR-548AT-5P99.9670.832666
HSA-MIR-568899.9673.234504
HSA-MIR-495-3P99.9672.814197
HSA-MIR-302E99.9670.742669
HSA-MIR-365899.9673.874379
HSA-MIR-3912-5P99.9566.11925
HSA-MIR-335-3P99.9373.364958
HSA-MIR-145-5P99.9271.131836
HSA-MIR-5195-3P99.9270.921877
HSA-MIR-450B-5P99.9271.483175
HSA-MIR-7-1-3P99.9171.534384
HSA-MIR-7-2-3P99.9171.404394
HSA-MIR-106A-5P99.9073.942683
HSA-MIR-95-5P99.8972.173973
HSA-MIR-17-5P99.8973.832665

Functional genomics

DepMap (CRISPR cell-line fitness): dependent in 25.1% of screened cell lines.

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 8)

  • Derlin-2 forms a robust multiprotein complex with the p97 AAA ATPase as well as the mammalian orthologs of the yeast Hrd1p/Hrd3p ubiquitin-ligase complex, and participates in the degradation of proteins from the ER. (PMID:16186509)
  • Findings indicate that Derlin-2 provides the missing link between EDEM and p97 in the process of degrading misfolded glycoproteins. (PMID:16449189)
  • Required for Polyoma virus infection. (PMID:16912321)
  • derlin2 functions with HRD1 in ERAD of certain substrates independent of their glycosylation status. (PMID:23867461)
  • specific silencing of Derlin-2, p97 and HRD1 by shRNAs increases steady state levels of proinsulin. these ERAD constituents are critically involved in proinsulin degradation and may therefore also play a role in subsequent antigen generation. (PMID:26107514)
  • Derlin-2 is part of a protein quality control mechanism that can rescue glomerular injury attributable to impaired protein folding pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum. (PMID:29167172)
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation Controls Virus Protein Homeostasis, Which Is Required for Flavivirus Propagation. (PMID:33980593)
  • DERL2 (derlin 2) stabilizes BAG6 (BAG cochaperone 6) in chemotherapy resistance of cholangiocarcinoma. (PMID:37815698)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

OrganismSymbolGene ID
mus_musculusDerl2ENSMUSG00000018442
rattus_norvegicusDerl2ENSRNOG00000055466
drosophila_melanogasterDer-2FBGN0038438
caenorhabditis_elegansWBGENE00020109

Paralogs (2): DERL3 (ENSG00000099958), DERL1 (ENSG00000136986)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Derlin-2Q9GZP9 (reviewed: Q9GZP9)

Alternative names: Degradation in endoplasmic reticulum protein 2, Der1-like protein 2, F-LAN-1, F-LANa

All UniProt accessions (8): Q9GZP9, I3L0R8, I3L1S8, I3L1T3, I3L1W3, I3L3R8, I3L4W7, K7EQE8

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Functional component of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal glycoproteins, but not that of misfolded nonglycoproteins. May act by forming a channel that allows the retrotranslocation of misfolded glycoproteins into the cytosol where they are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. May mediate the interaction between VCP and misfolded glycoproteins. May also be involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control, a mechanism that selectively attenuates the translocation of newly synthesized proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum and reroutes them to the cytosol for proteasomal degradation. (Microbial infection) In contrast to DERL1, it is not involved in the degradation of MHC class I heavy chains following infection by cytomegaloviruses.

Subunit / interactions. Forms homo- and heterooligomers with DERL3 and, to a lesser extent, with DERL1. Interacts with the SEL1L/SYVN1 and VCP/SELENOS protein complexes. Mediates association between VCP and EDEM1, as well as that between VCP and the misfolded glycoproteins. Interacts with OS9. Interacts with SELENOK and SELENOS. Interacts with the signal recognition particle/SRP and the SRP receptor; in the process of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control. Interacts with CCDC47.

Subcellular location. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Tissue specificity. Ubiquitous. Overexpressed in various hepatocarcinomas.

Induction. Up-regulated in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress via the ERN1-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response (UPR).

Similarity. Belongs to the derlin family.

RefSeq proteins (3): NP_001291706, NP_001291708, NP_057125* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

IDNameType
IPR007599DER1Family
IPR035952Rhomboid-like_sfHomologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF04511

UniProt features (12 total): topological domain 5, transmembrane region 4, chain 1, region of interest 1, compositionally biased region 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

ModelpLDDTFraction very-high
AF-Q9GZP9-F181.820.36

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

6 pathways

IDPathway
R-HSA-382556ABC-family protein mediated transport
R-HSA-5358346Hedgehog ligand biogenesis
R-HSA-5362768Hh mutants are degraded by ERAD
R-HSA-5678895Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis
R-HSA-901032ER Quality Control Compartment (ERQC)
R-HSA-9931269AMPK-induced ERAD and lysosome mediated degradation of PD-L1(CD274)

MSigDB gene sets: 216 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD8A_DC_UP, GOBP_ENDOPLASMIC_RETICULUM_TO_CYTOSOL_TRANSPORT, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_NITROGEN_COMPOUND, GOBP_BEHAVIOR, REACTOME_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_SYSTEM, GOBP_INTRACELLULAR_PROTEIN_TRANSPORT, GOBP_RESPONSE_TO_ENDOPLASMIC_RETICULUM_STRESS, GOBP_SUCKLING_BEHAVIOR, GOBP_GROWTH, GOBP_MACROMOLECULE_CATABOLIC_PROCESS, IVANOVA_HEMATOPOIESIS_MATURE_CELL, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_PROTEIN_LOCALIZATION, GOBP_CELLULAR_RESPONSE_TO_TOPOLOGICALLY_INCORRECT_PROTEIN, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_INTRACELLULAR_PROTEIN_TRANSPORT, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_TRANSPORT

GO Biological Process (10): suckling behavior (GO:0001967), positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284), positive regulation of cell growth (GO:0030307), endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (GO:0030968), retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol (GO:0030970), ERAD pathway (GO:0036503), negative regulation of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol (GO:1904153), response to unfolded protein (GO:0006986), proteasomal protein catabolic process (GO:0010498), cellular response to stress (GO:0033554)

GO Molecular Function (3): signal recognition particle binding (GO:0005047), protein-containing complex binding (GO:0044877), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (5): early endosome (GO:0005769), late endosome (GO:0005770), endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783), endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789), membrane (GO:0016020)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-6 pathways:

CategoryPathways
Transport of small molecules1
Signaling by Hedgehog1
Hh mutants abrogate ligand secretion1
ABC transporter disorders1
Calnexin/calreticulin cycle1
Regulation of PD-L1(CD274) Post-translational modification1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

CategoryTerms
positive regulation of cellular process2
response to endoplasmic reticulum stress2
binding2
endosome2
feeding behavior1
cell population proliferation1
regulation of cell population proliferation1
regulation of cell growth1
cell growth1
positive regulation of growth1
cellular response to unfolded protein1
intracellular signal transduction1
protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum1
ERAD pathway1
endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol transport1
proteasomal protein catabolic process1
response to chemical1
retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol1
negative regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum1
regulation of retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol1
response to topologically incorrect protein1
protein catabolic process1
response to stress1
cellular response to stimulus1
ribonucleoprotein complex binding1
cytoplasm1
endomembrane system1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle1
organelle membrane1
nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network1
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment1
cellular anatomical structure1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1224 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein AProtein BPartner UniProtScore
DERL2AUP1Q9Y679983
DERL2SEL1LQ9UBV2981
DERL2FAF2Q96CS3975
DERL2OS9Q13438973
DERL2SYVN1Q86TM6956
DERL2UBE2J1Q9Y385947
DERL2EDEM1Q92611928
DERL2HSPA5P11021886
DERL2CANXP27824885
DERL2VCPP55072881
DERL2SELENOSQ9BQE4874
DERL2ERLEC1Q96DZ1812
DERL2P4HBP07237805
DERL2UBE2G2P56554805
DERL2AMFRP26442798

IntAct

124 interactions, top by confidence:

ABTypeScore
EXOC8EXOC5psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.730
FAF2UBAC2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.710
CFTRESYT2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.710
FAF2UBBpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.640
CFTRHAX1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.610
DERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
DERL2KRTAP10-7psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
KRTAP10-8DERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
KRTAP10-7DERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
DERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
MPP1DERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
DERL2DIABLOpsi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
RBFADERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
SFT2D1DERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
DERL2FXYD6psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
PTPN9DERL2psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
DERL2RTN4psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)0.560
LPAR1TMEM120Bpsi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
HTR2CKLRG2psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
TNFSF8LGALS8psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
APLNRSLC33A1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530
TMEM184ASLC33A1psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)0.530

BioGRID (204): KRTAP10-7 (Two-hybrid), KRTAP10-8 (Two-hybrid), KRTAP10-3 (Two-hybrid), DERL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), STT3A (Affinity Capture-MS), POR (Affinity Capture-MS), UBXN4 (Affinity Capture-MS), EMC2 (Affinity Capture-MS), VIMP (Affinity Capture-MS), AMFR (Affinity Capture-MS), DERL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), ARL6IP5 (Affinity Capture-MS), VCP (Affinity Capture-MS), SEL1L (Affinity Capture-MS), EMC3 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A2AGA4, A4FUB8, B0Y8W1, B0YCP1, F4JBM4, O74926, P20350, Q06397, Q08232, Q0WQX7, Q12270, Q12893, Q4G2J3, Q4G2J4, Q4G2J5, Q4G2J6, Q4I4A4, Q4V8F3, Q4WLP9, Q5AH12, Q5RBS4, Q5RC74, Q695T9, Q695U0, Q6BSA9, Q6CDV6, Q6CR06, Q6FSG0, Q755H8, Q7S4V5, Q851X7, Q874X5, Q8BHC7, Q8BNI4, Q8LB17, Q8LF05, Q8RXQ2, Q8RXW0, Q8TEB9, Q8VZ48

Diamond homologs: O94458, Q0P5E4, Q21997, Q4G2J3, Q4G2J4, Q4G2J5, Q4G2J6, Q54NN1, Q5RC74, Q851X7, Q8BNI4, Q8VZU9, Q96Q80, Q9D8K3, Q9GZP9, Q06397, Q8VZ96, Q99J56, Q9ZS88, Q5R9W3, Q71SS4, Q93561, Q9BUN8, Q9VQ57, Q54IC9, Q9Y7Y0

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 123 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

PathwayPartnersFoldFDR
Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis513.7×8e-03
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)87.4×6e-03

GO biological processes:

GO termPartnersFoldFDR
ERAD pathway813.8×1e-04
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway612.5×2e-03
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration88.9×1e-03

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

22 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

ClassificationCount (floor)
Pathogenic0
Likely pathogenic0
Uncertain significance16
Likely benign1
Benign0

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1185 predictions. Top by Δscore:

VariantEffectΔscore
17:5480052:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
17:5480053:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
17:5486063:GCTCA:Gdonor_loss1.0000
17:5486064:CTCA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
17:5486065:TCA:Tdonor_loss1.0000
17:5486066:CA:Cdonor_loss1.0000
17:5486067:A:ACdonor_gain1.0000
17:5486067:ACC:Adonor_loss1.0000
17:5486068:C:CAdonor_loss1.0000
17:5486068:C:CCdonor_gain1.0000
17:5486068:CCA:Cdonor_gain1.0000
17:5480045:AATAC:Adonor_loss0.9900
17:5480046:ATACT:Adonor_loss0.9900
17:5480047:TAC:Tdonor_loss0.9900
17:5480048:AC:Adonor_loss0.9900
17:5480049:C:CAdonor_loss0.9900
17:5480050:T:TCdonor_loss0.9900
17:5480051:C:CGdonor_loss0.9900
17:5480052:A:AGdonor_loss0.9900
17:5480053:CA:Cdonor_gain0.9900
17:5480053:CAA:Cdonor_gain0.9900
17:5480053:CAAAA:Cdonor_gain0.9900
17:5480142:TACC:Tacceptor_loss0.9900
17:5480143:ACCT:Aacceptor_loss0.9900
17:5480144:CCT:Cacceptor_loss0.9900
17:5480145:C:Gacceptor_loss0.9900
17:5480146:T:Gacceptor_loss0.9900
17:5485149:A:ACdonor_gain0.9900
17:5485150:C:CCdonor_gain0.9900
17:5485214:CTG:Cacceptor_gain0.9900

AlphaMissense

1568 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

VariantProtein changeam_pathogenicity
17:5480132:C:TG179E1.000
17:5480133:C:GG179R1.000
17:5480133:C:TG179R1.000
17:5480387:C:GG175R1.000
17:5480516:A:GW132R1.000
17:5480516:A:TW132R1.000
17:5481353:G:CF90L1.000
17:5481353:G:TF90L1.000
17:5481355:A:GF90L1.000
17:5482875:C:GR56T1.000
17:5480132:C:AG179V0.999
17:5480144:C:TG175D0.999
17:5480387:C:AG175C0.999
17:5480432:C:GG160R0.999
17:5480432:C:TG160R0.999
17:5480437:A:GL158P0.999
17:5480437:A:TL158H0.999
17:5480444:A:GW156R0.999
17:5480444:A:TW156R0.999
17:5480446:G:CP155R0.999
17:5480446:G:TP155H0.999
17:5480449:A:GL154P0.999
17:5480509:C:GR134P0.999
17:5480511:G:CS133R0.999
17:5480511:G:TS133R0.999
17:5480513:T:GS133R0.999
17:5480548:C:TG121D0.999
17:5480549:C:GG121R0.999
17:5480553:G:CF119L0.999
17:5480553:G:TF119L0.999

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000042589 (17:5479307 T>C), RS1000126694 (17:5473530 T>C), RS1000144265 (17:5481663 CTTTT>C), RS1000192971 (17:5476737 A>T), RS1000239552 (17:5482057 C>T), RS1000334647 (17:5487321 G>A,T), RS1000420038 (17:5475409 G>A), RS1000572050 (17:5480363 A>G,T), RS1000863037 (17:5487478 T>C), RS1000873701 (17:5487584 T>C), RS1000969450 (17:5486755 C>G), RS1001038490 (17:5481493 G>C), RS1001075134 (17:5486363 C>CA,CG,CT), RS1001144809 (17:5475072 T>C), RS1001691192 (17:5473830 GAAAAA>G,GAAAA,GAAAAAA)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:610304 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (0):

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

1 associations (top):

StudyTraitp-value
GCST002915_7Asparaginase hypersensitivity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia6.000000e-06

EFO canonical traits (1, from GWAS)

EFO IDTrait name
EFO:0004881asparaginase hypersensitivity

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

32 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

ChemicalActions (top 5)PubMed papers
Valproic Acidaffects cotreatment, decreases expression, affects expression5
sodium arseniteaffects expression, increases expression3
Cyclosporineincreases expression3
bisphenol Adecreases methylation, affects cotreatment, increases expression2
Air Pollutantsdecreases expression, increases abundance2
Tunicamycinincreases expression2
Cadmium Chloridedecreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation, increases expression2
ginger extractincreases abundance, increases expression1
dicrotophosdecreases expression1
beta-N-methylamino-L-alanineincreases expression1
triphenyl phosphateaffects expression1
2-bromopalmitatedecreases reaction, increases abundance, increases palmitoylation1
di-n-butylphosphoric acidaffects expression1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamideaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
dorsomorphinaffects cotreatment, decreases expression1
(4-amino-1,4-dihydro-3-(2-pyridyl)-5-thioxo-1,2,4-triazole)copper(II)increases expression1
Atrazinedecreases expression1
Cadmiumincreases palmitoylation, decreases reaction, increases abundance1
Coalincreases abundance, decreases expression1
Dexamethasoneaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Indomethacinaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Ivermectindecreases expression1
Methyl Methanesulfonateincreases expression1
Oils, Volatileincreases abundance, increases expression1
Serineincreases expression1
Smokedecreases expression, increases abundance1
Tobacco Smoke Pollutionincreases expression1
Tretinoinincreases expression1
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthineaffects cotreatment, increases expression1
Thapsigarginincreases expression1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

No linked Atlas pages yet — the cross-entity mesh grows as the corpus expands.