DPP10

Summary

DPP10 (dipeptidyl peptidase like 10, HGNC:20823) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2q14.1, encoding Inactive dipeptidyl peptidase 10 (Q8N608). Promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2.

This gene encodes a single-pass type II membrane protein that is a member of the S9B family in clan SC of the serine proteases. This protein has no detectable protease activity, most likely due to the absence of the conserved serine residue normally present in the catalytic domain of serine proteases. However, it does bind specific voltage-gated potassium channels and alters their expression and biophysical properties. Mutations in this gene have been associated with asthma. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.

Source: NCBI Gene 57628 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 23
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 148 total — 1 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 1
• MANE Select transcript: NM_020868

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:20823
Approved symbol	DPP10
Name	dipeptidyl peptidase like 10
Location	2q14.1
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	DPRP3, DPL2, DPPY
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000175497
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	608209
Entrez	57628

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 7 protein_coding, 3 retained_intron, 2 protein_coding_CDS_not_defined, 1 nonsense_mediated_decay

ENST00000310323, ENST00000393146, ENST00000393147, ENST00000409163, ENST00000410059, ENST00000419287, ENST00000429914, ENST00000436732, ENST00000461250, ENST00000473362, ENST00000486885, ENST00000488208, ENST00000492708

RefSeq mRNA: 18 — MANE Select: NM_020868 NM_001004360, NM_001178034, NM_001178036, NM_001178037, NM_001321905, NM_001321906, NM_001321907, NM_001321908, NM_001321909, NM_001321910, NM_001321911, NM_001321912, NM_001321913, NM_001321914, NM_001399849, NM_001399850, NM_001399851, NM_020868

CCDS: CCDS33278, CCDS46400, CCDS54388, CCDS54389

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000410059 — 26 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001180066	115814793	115814987
ENSE00001180073	115791287	115791356
ENSE00001180079	115791081	115791179
ENSE00001180086	115782352	115782399
ENSE00001180095	115780874	115780995
ENSE00001180103	115777787	115777834
ENSE00001180111	115777208	115777299
ENSE00001180117	115768297	115768404
ENSE00001180123	115762572	115762610
ENSE00001180129	115753174	115753297
ENSE00001180133	115746086	115746183
ENSE00001180140	115739739	115739893
ENSE00001577188	115842211	115845780
ENSE00002459664	115836674	115836746
ENSE00002501265	115840750	115840823
ENSE00003475851	115836507	115836565
ENSE00003501958	115727816	115727936
ENSE00003508232	114442641	114442838
ENSE00003522145	115309239	115309353
ENSE00003588854	115815675	115815729
ENSE00003632415	115689687	115689739
ENSE00003635824	115499510	115499604
ENSE00003635964	115689840	115689921
ENSE00003660192	115836157	115836256
ENSE00003677355	115343817	115343912
ENSE00003789213	115525898	115525972

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 176 present calls, max score 97.53.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth broad, TPM avg 4.1859 / max 387.5476, expressed in 366 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (15 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
22203	0.9763	178
22202	0.8326	279
22187	0.6048	68
22201	0.5678	286
22190	0.4705	82
22189	0.3409	82
22191	0.1040	56
22185	0.0591	32
22186	0.0571	37
22184	0.0530	29

Top tissues by expression

244 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
adrenal tissue	UBERON:0018303	97.53	gold quality
endothelial cell	CL:0000115	94.10	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 23	UBERON:0013554	91.11	gold quality
prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0000451	90.36	gold quality
cortical plate	UBERON:0005343	89.16	gold quality
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	UBERON:0009834	88.48	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	88.01	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 46	UBERON:0006483	88.00	gold quality
frontal cortex	UBERON:0001870	87.48	gold quality
neocortex	UBERON:0001950	87.12	gold quality
anterior cingulate cortex	UBERON:0009835	86.14	gold quality
cerebral cortex	UBERON:0000956	85.80	gold quality
primary visual cortex	UBERON:0002436	85.61	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	85.40	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	85.33	gold quality
right adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035827	84.82	gold quality
superior frontal gyrus	UBERON:0002661	84.55	gold quality
temporal lobe	UBERON:0001871	83.92	gold quality
ventricular zone	UBERON:0003053	83.85	gold quality
right adrenal gland	UBERON:0001233	83.51	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	83.20	gold quality
entorhinal cortex	UBERON:0002728	82.95	gold quality
left adrenal gland	UBERON:0001234	82.59	gold quality
adrenal gland	UBERON:0002369	82.59	gold quality
germinal epithelium of ovary	UBERON:0001304	82.57	gold quality
caudate nucleus	UBERON:0001873	82.53	gold quality
left adrenal gland cortex	UBERON:0035825	82.26	gold quality
occipital lobe	UBERON:0002021	82.08	gold quality
adrenal cortex	UBERON:0001235	81.53	gold quality
hypothalamus	UBERON:0001898	81.21	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 7 experiment(s), a significant marker in 5.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-GEOD-180759	yes	14440.74
E-HCAD-35	yes	13317.33
E-HCAD-25	yes	12171.98
E-ANND-2	yes	5156.55
E-ANND-3	yes	6.73
E-HCAD-30	no	5715.44
E-GEOD-98556	no	1153.82

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

235 targeting DPP10, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5011-5P	100.00	83.46	5820
HSA-MIR-340-5P	100.00	72.50	4437
HSA-MIR-190A-3P	100.00	80.35	5520
HSA-MIR-3613-3P	100.00	76.36	7965
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-6798-5P	100.00	65.77	699
HSA-MIR-518D-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-518E-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-518F-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-519A-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-519B-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-519C-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-520C-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-522-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-523-5P	100.00	67.66	954
HSA-MIR-526A-5P	100.00	67.51	979
HSA-MIR-3667-3P	99.99	67.17	1636
HSA-MIR-186-5P	99.99	70.83	3707
HSA-MIR-3662	99.99	73.82	5684
HSA-MIR-33A-5P	99.99	68.62	1055
HSA-MIR-33B-5P	99.99	68.58	1062
HSA-MIR-5696	99.98	72.36	4487
HSA-MIR-25-3P	99.98	74.60	1817
HSA-MIR-32-5P	99.98	75.21	1964
HSA-MIR-363-3P	99.98	74.72	1821
HSA-MIR-367-3P	99.98	74.83	1819
HSA-MIR-92A-3P	99.98	75.21	1960
HSA-MIR-92B-3P	99.98	75.25	1955
HSA-MIR-27A-3P	99.98	72.13	2955
HSA-MIR-27B-3P	99.98	72.13	2955

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 22)

• cloning, characterization and mapping to chromosome 2 (PMID:12662155)
• Interaction between transmembranes of DPP10/DPPX and Kv4 channel mediates functional complex formation. We call this protein DPPY, instead of DPP10, because of its revealed role as a Kv4 channel regulator. (PMID:15911355)
• although similar in structure and sequence to other dipeptidyl peptidases, it lacks vital residues required for dipeptidyl peptidase activity and has instead evolved features that enable it to act as a component of voltage-gated potassium channels (PMID:16290253)
• Data show that in the Kv4.2+KChIP3+DPP10 channel complex, all DPP10 variants accelerate channel gating kinetics; however, the splice variant DPP10a produces uniquely fast inactivation kinetics that accelerates with increasing depolarization. (PMID:17475505)
• No consistent association was found between DPP10 and asthma susceptibility. (PMID:17702965)
• rs10208402 associated with percentage of peripheral blood eosinophils and log(e)-transformed total IgE in a Han Chinese population (PMID:19672052)
• REVIEW: role in health and disease (PMID:19676137)
• Our study is the first one to provide additional evidence that supports the roles of DPP10 in influencing asthma or BHR in a Chinese population (PMID:19951440)
• We were unable to confirm associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the positional candidates DPP10 and PHF11 with wheeze. Significant associations with reported and examined eczema were only observed for DPP10. (PMID:20085599)
• N-linked glycosylation of DPP10 plays an important role in modulating Kv4.3 channel/KCHIP2 complex activities. (PMID:20354865)
• Crystals of DPP10 obtained by the sitting-drop method were orthorhombic, belonging to space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with unit-cell parameters a = 80.91, b = 143.73, c = 176.25 A. (PMID:22298003)
• demonstrated that glycosylation was necessary for both DPP10 trafficking to the cell surface and functional interaction with Kv4 channels (PMID:22387313)
• Our results suggest that DPP10(789) is involved in the pathology of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. (PMID:25025038)
• study suggests a genetic contribution of DPP10 rs17048175 in eosinophilic inflammation induction in the airways and to aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease susceptibility (PMID:25592153)
• the interaction of DPP10a, expressed in human atrium, with Kv4.3 channels generates a sustained current component of Ito, which may affect late repolarization phase of atrial action potentials. (PMID:25600224)
• The stoichiometry of the Kv4.2-DPP10 complex was variable depending on the relative expression level of each subunit, with a preference for 4:2 stoichiometry (PMID:26209633)
• The DPP10 duplication is likely a benign CNV polymorphism enriched in Southern Chinese with a population frequency of ~1%. (PMID:28670437)
• These results show that a Dpp10 point mutation leads to increased airway responsiveness following allergen challenge. (PMID:29361513)
• SNP rs11693320 associated with pulmonary function when incorporating an interaction with docosahexaenoic acid (PMID:30199657)
• increased ventricular DPP10 expression in heart failure might promote arrhythmias by decreasing peak Na(+) current, while increasing window Na(+) current and channel re-openings due to accelerated recovery from inactivation (PMID:30638748)
• Contribution of dipeptidyl peptidase 10 to airway dysfunction in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease. (PMID:34431147)
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids Interact with DPP10 Region Genotype in Association with Childhood Atopy. (PMID:37242299)

Cross-species orthologs

4 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
mus_musculus	Dpp10	ENSMUSG00000036815
rattus_norvegicus	Dpp10	ENSRNOG00000002595
drosophila_melanogaster	CG3744	FBGN0039240
caenorhabditis_elegans	dpf-3	WBGENE00001056

Paralogs (6): DPP8 (ENSG00000074603), FAP (ENSG00000078098), DPP6 (ENSG00000130226), DPP9 (ENSG00000142002), APEH (ENSG00000164062), DPP4 (ENSG00000197635)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Inactive dipeptidyl peptidase 10 — Q8N608 (reviewed: Q8N608)

Alternative names: Dipeptidyl peptidase IV-related protein 3, Dipeptidyl peptidase X, Dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein 2

All UniProt accessions (5): C9J4M8, Q8N608, F8WEB2, J3KPP1, J3KQK8

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2. Modulates the activity and gating characteristics of the potassium channel KCND2. Has no dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity.

Subunit / interactions. May form oligomers. Interacts with KCND1. Interacts with KCND2.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane.

Tissue specificity. Found in serum, T-cells and brain (at protein level). Expressed in brain, pancreas, spinal cord and adrenal glands.

Post-translational modifications. N-glycosylation is important for cell surface expression, specially at Asn-257, which is crucial.

Disease relevance. Asthma (ASTHMA) [MIM:600807] The most common chronic disease affecting children and young adults. It is a complex genetic disorder with a heterogeneous phenotype, largely attributed to the interactions among many genes and between these genes and the environment. It is characterized by recurrent attacks of paroxysmal dyspnea, with wheezing due to spasmodic contraction of the bronchi. Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Similarity. Belongs to the peptidase S9B family. DPPIV subfamily.

Isoforms (4)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
Q8N608-1	1	yes
Q8N608-2	2
Q8N608-3	3
Q8N608-4	4

RefSeq proteins (18): NP_001004360, NP_001171505, NP_001171507, NP_001171508, NP_001308834, NP_001308835, NP_001308836, NP_001308837, NP_001308838, NP_001308839, NP_001308840, NP_001308841, NP_001308842, NP_001308843, NP_001386778, NP_001386779, NP_001386780, NP_065919* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR001375	Peptidase_S9_cat	Domain
IPR002469	Peptidase_S9B_N	Domain
IPR029058	AB_hydrolase_fold	Homologous_superfamily
IPR050278	Serine_Prot_S9B/DPPIV	Family

Pfam: PF00326, PF00930

UniProt features (93 total): strand 48, helix 12, turn 10, glycosylation site 6, splice variant 3, sequence variant 3, sequence conflict 3, topological domain 2, modified residue 2, chain 1, mutagenesis site 1, transmembrane region 1, region of interest 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

1 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
4WJL	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	3.4

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q8N608-F1	90.67	0.81

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (2): 138, 143

Glycosylation sites (6): 257, 342, 748, 90, 111, 119

Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (1):

Position	Phenotype
257	abolishes sorting to the cell surface and dimerization.

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 0 (showing top):

GO Biological Process (4): proteolysis (GO:0006508), protein localization to plasma membrane (GO:0072659), regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport (GO:1901379), positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane (GO:1903078)

GO Molecular Function (3): serine-type peptidase activity (GO:0008236), potassium channel regulator activity (GO:0015459), transmembrane transporter binding (GO:0044325)

GO Cellular Component (3): plasma membrane (GO:0005886), voltage-gated potassium channel complex (GO:0008076), membrane (GO:0016020)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
protein metabolic process	1
protein localization to membrane	1
protein localization to cell periphery	1
regulation of potassium ion transport	1
potassium ion transmembrane transport	1
regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport	1
protein localization to plasma membrane	1
regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane	1
positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery	1
positive regulation of protein localization to membrane	1
peptidase activity	1
serine hydrolase activity	1
potassium channel activity	1
ion channel regulator activity	1
protein binding	1
membrane	1
cell periphery	1
potassium channel complex	1
plasma membrane protein complex	1
cellular anatomical structure	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

1470 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
DPP10	KCND2	Q9NZV8	969
DPP10	KCND3	Q9UK17	967
DPP10	IGLON5	A6NGN9	878
DPP10	LGI1	O95970	873
DPP10	PHF11	Q9UIL8	818
DPP10	CNTNAP2	Q9UHC6	817
DPP10	KCNC1	P48547	810
DPP10	PNMA2	Q9UL42	788
DPP10	ADAM33	Q9BZ11	787
DPP10	GRM5	P41594	755
DPP10	WTAP	Q15007	739
DPP10	DPYSL5	Q9BPU6	720
DPP10	AMPH	P49418	720
DPP10	KCNIP3	Q9Y2W7	718
DPP10	ZIC4	Q8N9L1	714

IntAct

4 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
CERS2	ATP5F1B	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.640
M		psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.350
DPP10	SMAD2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.000

BioGRID (7): DPP10 (Affinity Capture-MS), DPP10 (Affinity Capture-MS), DPP10 (Affinity Capture-Western), DPP10 (Affinity Capture-Western), KCND2 (Affinity Capture-Western), DPP10 (Reconstituted Complex), DPP10 (Affinity Capture-Luminescence)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1Q3EPF5, A0A4S8L6U5, A0S5V9, A1CHP1, A2RSQ1, A5D7B7, A7UKV8, B1A4F7, B2D0J4, B6V868, B8N970, C5FJE3, D4APE2, D4CZ59, E2JFG1, O14073, O62653, P0DRB8, P14740, P18962, P22411, P27487, P28843, P33894, P34422, P42658, P42659, P46101, P81425, P86100, P97321, P9WEN5, Q10916, Q12884, Q18253, Q2M2H8, Q2UH35, Q5IS50, Q5J6J3, Q6NXK7

Diamond homologs: A0A2R8QP51, A0S5V9, A1CHP1, A1CJQ1, A1CX29, A1D7R6, A2QEK7, A4QYQ5, A5D7B7, A6RBI0, A6SL49, A7EQZ1, A7UKV8, B0XYK8, B0Y6C5, B2A951, B2WC36, B6HFS8, B6QVW4, B6V868, B8MTH6, B8N076, B8N970, C0NUQ8, C0S7H1, C1FZL3, C1GT79, C4JHY5, C5FJE3, C5FYZ3, C5GVF3, C5JC30, C5P334, C6HRC7, C7YYG9, C9SJ15, D1Z9B4, D4APE2, D4AQT0, D4CZ59

SIGNOR signaling

1 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
DPP10	“up-regulates activity”	KCND2	relocalization

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

148 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	1
Uncertain significance	115
Likely benign	7
Benign	6

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
545242	NC_000002.12:g.(?115503140)(115527426_?)del	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

1027 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
2:115209805:G:GT	donor_gain	1.0000
2:115162192:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115162192:G:T	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115162233:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115209805:G:T	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115209817:A:AG	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115209821:GTCT:G	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115209822:TCTT:T	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115209824:T:G	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115209824:T:TG	donor_gain	0.9900
2:115162258:G:T	donor_gain	0.9800
2:115162270:GAG:G	donor_gain	0.9800
2:115165339:TCTG:T	donor_gain	0.9800
2:115209806:A:T	donor_gain	0.9800
2:115162268:GAGAG:G	donor_gain	0.9700
2:115162271:AGG:A	donor_loss	0.9700
2:115162272:GGTAA:G	donor_loss	0.9700
2:115162273:G:A	donor_loss	0.9700
2:115209817:A:G	donor_gain	0.9700
2:115162258:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9500
2:115181514:ATG:A	acceptor_gain	0.9400
2:115274613:G:T	donor_gain	0.9400
2:115189690:A:AC	acceptor_gain	0.9300
2:115248794:GAT:G	acceptor_gain	0.9300
2:115283220:T:TG	donor_gain	0.9300
2:115233594:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9200
2:115162244:TG:T	donor_loss	0.9100
2:115162476:C:T	donor_gain	0.9100
2:115184453:T:A	acceptor_gain	0.9100
2:115162270:G:GT	donor_gain	0.9000

AlphaMissense

5247 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
2:115309314:T:C	C46R	0.999
2:115525950:T:C	L140P	0.999
2:115689898:T:A	W185R	0.999
2:115689898:T:C	W185R	0.999
2:115727912:G:T	G225W	0.999
2:115753199:T:A	W326R	0.999
2:115753199:T:C	W326R	0.999
2:115309291:C:A	A38D	0.998
2:115689708:G:C	A155P	0.998
2:115689854:T:C	L170S	0.998
2:115689900:G:C	W185C	0.998
2:115689900:G:T	W185C	0.998
2:115689920:T:C	L192P	0.998
2:115727913:G:A	G225E	0.998
2:115739793:T:C	L251P	0.998
2:115753201:G:C	W326C	0.998
2:115753201:G:T	W326C	0.998
2:115753268:T:C	C349R	0.998
2:115309294:T:C	L39P	0.997
2:115309303:T:A	I42N	0.997
2:115689709:C:A	A155D	0.997
2:115689893:C:A	A183E	0.997
2:115727840:T:G	Y201D	0.997
2:115727912:G:A	G225R	0.997
2:115727912:G:C	G225R	0.997
2:115753229:T:A	W336R	0.997
2:115753229:T:C	W336R	0.997
2:115768375:T:C	F398L	0.997
2:115768377:T:A	F398L	0.997
2:115768377:T:G	F398L	0.997

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000003080 (2:115048166 A>G), RS1000004357 (2:115693735 A>G), RS1000004434 (2:115179797 C>G,T), RS1000006869 (2:114542158 C>G), RS1000006930 (2:114767794 T>C), RS1000007188 (2:115615292 A>C,G), RS1000011287 (2:114830257 T>C), RS1000011528 (2:114513307 G>C), RS1000012524 (2:114474828 C>G), RS1000012525 (2:114580230 G>A,C), RS1000013787 (2:114553365 G>A), RS1000014824 (2:114909023 T>C), RS1000015590 (2:114889246 C>A), RS1000016623 (2:115829660 T>C), RS1000017713 (2:114631026 T>C,G)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:608209 | disease phenotypes: MIM:181500

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): schizophrenia (MONDO:0005090)

Orphanet (1): NON RARE IN EUROPE: Schizophrenia (Orphanet:3140)

HPO phenotypes

1 total (1 of 1 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0100753	Schizophrenia

GWAS associations

23 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST001762_551	Obesity-related traits	3.000000e-06
GCST002187_2	Systolic blood pressure in sickle cell anemia	2.000000e-06
GCST002820_2	Survival in microsatellite instability low/stable colorectal cancer	2.000000e-06
GCST002822_8	Survival in colon cancer	6.000000e-06
GCST002826_8	Urate levels (BMI interaction)	6.000000e-06
GCST002936_7	Cadmium levels	6.000000e-06
GCST002972_1	Suicide attempts in major depressive disorder	4.000000e-06
GCST003123_6	Severe influenza A (H1N1) infection	2.000000e-19
GCST003518_68	Daytime sleep phenotypes	7.000000e-06
GCST003803_2	Response to antidepressants in depression	7.000000e-07
GCST006431_11	Plasma parathyroid hormone levels	2.000000e-09
GCST006431_2	Plasma parathyroid hormone levels	2.000000e-07
GCST007676_16	3-month functional outcome in ischaemic stroke (modified Rankin score)	8.000000e-06
GCST008099_1	Pulmonary function (FVC) x omega-3 PUFA (docosahexaenoic acid) interaction (2df)	9.000000e-09
GCST008156_60	Hip circumference adjusted for BMI	4.000000e-06
GCST008162_80	Hip circumference	8.000000e-06
GCST008462_1	Plasma factor V levels in venous thrombosis (conditioned on rs6027)	1.000000e-06
GCST008506_3	Stress sensitivity (neuroticism score x major depressive disorder status interaction)	2.000000e-06
GCST008506_5	Stress sensitivity (neuroticism score x major depressive disorder status interaction)	4.000000e-06
GCST008829_4	Neuritic plaque	6.000000e-07
GCST008947_1	High chromosomal aberration frequency (chromatid type) in genotoxic compound exposure	1.000000e-06
GCST009028_24	Adverse response to drug	4.000000e-07
GCST90011898_67	Alanine aminotransferase levels	1.000000e-13

EFO canonical traits (17, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0004344	birth weight
EFO:0006335	systolic blood pressure
EFO:0000638	overall survival
EFO:0007054	microsatellite instability measurement
EFO:0004340	body mass index
EFO:0004531	urate measurement
EFO:0004321	attempted suicide
EFO:1001488	influenza A (H1N1)
EFO:0007828	daytime rest measurement
EFO:0009603	stroke outcome severity measurement
EFO:0004312	vital capacity
EFO:0007761	docosahexaenoic acid measurement
EFO:0008039	BMI-adjusted hip circumference
EFO:0007660	neuroticism measurement
EFO:0006798	neuritic plaque measurement
EFO:0009862	chromatid-type aberration frequency
EFO:0009658	adverse effect

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

21 total (human), top 21 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Valproic Acid	affects cotreatment, increases expression, affects expression, decreases methylation	8
Particulate Matter	increases abundance, decreases reaction, increases expression, affects methylation	2
bisphenol F	decreases methylation	1
methylmercuric chloride	decreases expression	1
bisphenol A	decreases methylation	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
deguelin	increases expression	1
2-palmitoylglycerol	increases expression	1
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
quinocetone	increases expression	1
2-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (2-methyl-4-o-tolylazophenyl)amide	decreases reaction, increases expression	1
dorsomorphin	increases expression, affects cotreatment	1
picoxystrobin	increases expression	1
Resveratrol	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Air Pollutants	affects methylation, increases abundance	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases methylation, increases methylation	1
Cadmium	decreases expression, increases abundance	1
Copper	decreases expression, affects cotreatment	1
Nitrogen Dioxide	increases abundance, affects methylation	1
Tobacco Smoke Pollution	increases methylation	1
Cadmium Chloride	increases abundance, decreases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

300 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT00000374	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment for First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00001656	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Clozapine vs Olanzapine in Childhood-Onset Psychotic Disorders
NCT00007774	PHASE4	COMPLETED	To Determine if Olanzapine is More Cost Effective Than Haloperidol for the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00014001	PHASE4	COMPLETED	CATIE- Schizophrenia Trial
NCT00018668	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Antipsychotic Response in Schizophrenia
NCT00034801	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Olanzapine Versus Active Comparator in the Treatment of Depression in Patients With Schizophrenia
NCT00034905	PHASE4	COMPLETED	A Comparison of Seroquel vs. Risperidone in Schizophrenia
NCT00036088	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Olanzapine Versus An Active Comparator in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00044187	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Assessment of a Weight-Gain Agent for the Treatment of Olanzapine-Associated Anti-Obesity Agent in Patients With Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, and Bipolar I Disorder
NCT00044655	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Switching Medication to Treat Schizophrenia
NCT00048828	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treating Drug-Resistant Childhood Schizophrenia
NCT00053703	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment of Early Onset Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (TEOSS)
NCT00056498	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Risperidone Treatment in Schizophrenia Patients Who Are Currently Taking Clozapine
NCT00061802	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy and Safety of Two Atypical Antipsychotics vs. Placebo in Patients With an Acute Exacerbation of Either Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00080327	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Three Doses of Aripiprazole in Patients With Acute Schizophrenia
NCT00088049	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Study of Olanzapine vs. Aripiprazole in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00090012	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Comparison of Continuing Olanzapine to Switching to Quetiapine in Overweight or Obese Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00100776	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of High Dose Olanzapine for the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00103571	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Olanzapine Versus Aripiprazole in the Treatment of Acutely Ill Patients With Schizophrenia
NCT00108368	PHASE4	COMPLETED	The Effects of Risperidone and Olanzapine on Thinking
NCT00114595	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Ethyl-Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Tardive Dyskinesia
NCT00130923	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Risperidone Long-acting Versus Oral Risperidone in Patients With Schizophrenia and Alcohol Use Disorder
NCT00137020	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Clinical Effect Of Cross Titration Of Antipsychotics With Ziprasidone In Schizophrenia Or Schizoaffective Disorder
NCT00140166	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Treatment of Acute Schizophrenia With Vitamin Therapy
NCT00145847	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Naltrexone Treatment of Alcohol Abuse in Schizophrenia
NCT00148564	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Energy Homeostasis Under Treatment With Atypical Antipsychotics
NCT00156715	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy of Quetiapine in the Treatment of Patients With Schizophrenia and a Comorbid Substance Use Disorder
NCT00158223	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Pimozide in Augmenting the Effects of Clozapine in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
NCT00159081	PHASE4	COMPLETED	One Year Drug Treatment in First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00159120	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Maintenance Treatment vs. Stepwise Drug Discontinuation in First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00159133	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Prodrome-Based Early Intervention With Antipsychotics vs. Benzodiazepines in First-Episode Schizophrenia
NCT00159757	PHASE4	TERMINATED	12 Week Open, Non-Comparative Switch Study Of Oral Ziprazidone In Previously Treated Schizophrenic Patients
NCT00167817	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effect of Switch to Aripiprazole on Health and Smoking Parameters in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study
NCT00169026	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Alcoholism and Schizophrenia: Effects of Clozapine
NCT00169039	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Clozapine Versus Chlorpromazine for Treatment-Unresponsive Schizophrenia
NCT00169065	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effectiveness of Clozapine Versus Olanzapine for Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia
NCT00169091	PHASE4	TERMINATED	Clozapine Versus Haloperidol for Treating the First Episode of Schizophrenia
NCT00176423	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Efficacy Study of Galantamine for Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia
NCT00176436	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Atomoxetine for Treatment of Weight Gain in Olanzapine or Clozapine Patients
NCT00177008	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Aripiprazole for the Treatment of Schizophrenia With Co-Morbid Social Anxiety