DVL1

Summary

DVL1 (dishevelled segment polarity protein 1, HGNC:3084) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 1p36.33, encoding Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 (O14640). Participates in Wnt signaling by binding to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of frizzled family members and transducing the Wnt signal to down-stream effectors.

DVL1, the human homolog of the Drosophila dishevelled gene (dsh) encodes a cytoplasmic phosphoprotein that regulates cell proliferation, acting as a transducer molecule for developmental processes, including segmentation and neuroblast specification. DVL1 is a candidate gene for neuroblastomatous transformation. The Schwartz-Jampel syndrome and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A have been mapped to the same region as DVL1. The phenotypes of these diseases may be consistent with defects which might be expected from aberrant expression of a DVL gene during development.

Source: NCBI Gene 1855 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• Gene–disease (curated): autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 2 (Definitive, GenCC) — +1 more curated relationship
• GWAS associations: 3
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 847 total — 15 pathogenic, 7 likely-pathogenic
• Phenotypes (HPO): 146
• Druggable target: yes
• MANE Select transcript: NM_001330311

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:3084
Approved symbol	DVL1
Name	dishevelled segment polarity protein 1
Location	1p36.33
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000107404
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	601365
Entrez	1855

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 13 — 10 protein_coding, 3 retained_intron

ENST00000378888, ENST00000378891, ENST00000472445, ENST00000631679, ENST00000632445, ENST00000633096, ENST00000634054, ENST00000874577, ENST00000911402, ENST00000954312, ENST00000954313, ENST00000954314, ENST00000954315

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_001330311 NM_001330311, NM_004421

CCDS: CCDS22, CCDS81252

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000378888 — 15 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00000955181	1342053	1342156
ENSE00000955183	1340410	1340503
ENSE00000955184	1340247	1340316
ENSE00001224879	1339582	1339649
ENSE00001316141	1341667	1341805
ENSE00001388177	1339287	1339439
ENSE00001604958	1338522	1338653
ENSE00001637986	1337977	1338183
ENSE00001713781	1338269	1338436
ENSE00001762921	1340038	1340177
ENSE00001784308	1339736	1339812
ENSE00001857962	1348896	1349418
ENSE00003642103	1342363	1342484
ENSE00003672937	1342689	1342758
ENSE00003847927	1335278	1336515

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 290 present calls, max score 98.26.

FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 11.9803 / max 73.7123, expressed in 1786 samples.

FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)

Promoter ID	TPM avg	Samples expressed
9755	11.4634	1784
9756	0.5169	289

Top tissues by expression

295 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
hindlimb stylopod muscle	UBERON:0004252	98.26	gold quality
gastrocnemius	UBERON:0001388	97.88	gold quality
lower esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0035834	97.75	gold quality
muscle of leg	UBERON:0001383	97.25	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	97.22	gold quality
apex of heart	UBERON:0002098	97.14	gold quality
right frontal lobe	UBERON:0002810	96.89	gold quality
pancreatic ductal cell	CL:0002079	96.80	gold quality
body of tongue	UBERON:0011876	96.54	gold quality
muscle organ	UBERON:0001630	96.42	gold quality
diaphragm	UBERON:0001103	96.32	gold quality
amygdala	UBERON:0001876	96.28	gold quality
right hemisphere of cerebellum	UBERON:0014890	96.11	gold quality
right uterine tube	UBERON:0001302	95.98	gold quality
nucleus accumbens	UBERON:0001882	95.65	gold quality
parotid gland	UBERON:0001831	95.58	gold quality
body of stomach	UBERON:0001161	95.37	gold quality
cerebellar hemisphere	UBERON:0002245	95.37	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	95.37	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	95.36	gold quality
cerebellar cortex	UBERON:0002129	95.26	gold quality
putamen	UBERON:0001874	95.22	gold quality
Brodmann (1909) area 9	UBERON:0013540	95.15	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue	UBERON:0001134	95.11	gold quality
fundus of stomach	UBERON:0001160	95.07	gold quality
cingulate cortex	UBERON:0003027	94.96	gold quality
tendon of biceps brachii	UBERON:0008188	94.96	gold quality
tibial nerve	UBERON:0001323	94.87	gold quality
body of pancreas	UBERON:0001150	94.80	gold quality
esophagus mucosa	UBERON:0002469	94.77	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	4.20

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): NFKB

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

34 targeting DVL1, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-MIR-5692A	100.00	74.40	6850
HSA-MIR-3163	100.00	77.23	8605
HSA-MIR-4282	99.99	75.36	6408
HSA-MIR-4645-5P	99.98	65.81	1284
HSA-MIR-144-3P	99.94	73.98	2698
HSA-MIR-6780A-5P	99.88	66.69	2776
HSA-MIR-4447	99.85	67.81	2900
HSA-MIR-765	99.84	68.24	2442
HSA-MIR-139-5P	99.80	69.50	1399
HSA-MIR-1273H-5P	99.77	66.32	2471
HSA-MIR-4255	99.72	67.70	1541
HSA-MIR-30B-3P	99.70	65.76	2325
HSA-MIR-3689A-3P	99.70	65.73	2306
HSA-MIR-3689B-3P	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-3689C	99.70	65.71	2311
HSA-MIR-6779-5P	99.70	65.76	2363
HSA-MIR-646	99.68	67.84	1645
HSA-MIR-486-3P	99.51	66.82	1901
HSA-MIR-4672	99.50	71.58	2893
HSA-MIR-122B-5P	99.46	70.81	1457
HSA-MIR-508-5P	99.41	64.25	1248
HSA-MIR-4505	99.27	67.81	2678
HSA-MIR-4685-5P	99.25	65.99	1563
HSA-MIR-6837-5P	99.25	65.47	1632
HSA-MIR-5787	99.22	67.86	2628
HSA-MIR-6846-5P	98.81	65.86	1121
HSA-MIR-6848-5P	98.81	65.49	1126
HSA-MIR-4755-3P	98.77	65.59	1915
HSA-MIR-423-5P	98.69	67.48	1522
HSA-MIR-3184-5P	98.56	67.13	1491

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 40)

• The DVL1 gene spans a region of approximately 13.8 kb with 15 exons and six rare sequence variations. None of these had any association with late onset AD. (PMID:11803455)
• CKI epsilon-dependent phosphorylation of Dvl enhances the formation of a complex of Dvl-1 with Frat-1 and this complex leads to the activation of Wnt-3a-induced accumulation of beta-catenin (PMID:12556519)
• Amplification and increased expression of the DVL-1 gene is associated with breast carcinogenesis (PMID:12824876)
• amplification and increased expression of the DVL-1 gene may play some role in the development of a portion of human cervical squamous cell cancer through derangement of the Wnt signaling pathway (PMID:12883684)
• interaction among misfolded SOD1, NEDL1, translocon-associated protein-delta, and Dishevelled-1 forms a ubiquitinated protein complex that is included in potentially cytotoxic protein aggregates (PMID:14684739)
• Ccd1 drastically inhibited JNK activation both by Axin and by Dvl. (PMID:15262978)
• DVL1 was overexpressed in prostate cancer and its overexpression might be related to prostate cancer progression through the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. (PMID:16457155)
• BMP-2 antagonizes Wnt-3a signaling in osteoblast progenitors by promoting an interaction between Smad1 and Dvl-1 that restricts beta-catenin activation (PMID:16621789)
• The expression of Dishevelleds in mammalian cells provide an estimate of the relative cellular abundance of each Dvl. (PMID:18093802)
• a carboxyl-terminal binding partner, Dvl, has a role in activation of Daam1 (PMID:18162551)
• Our results reveal a mechanism by which nuclear Dvl cooperates with c-Jun to regulate gene transcription stimulated by the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. (PMID:18347071)
• the C6 motif seems to reduce the interaction of Axin with Dvl-1. (PMID:18632848)
• Expression of Dvl-1, Dvl-2 and Dvl-3, is common in non-small cell lung cancer (PMID:18692936)
• These results suggest that membrane accumulation of Par1b induced by Dvl is regulated by its phosphorylation status, which is important for Par1b to regulate the microtubule dynamics. (PMID:18760999)
• Dvl directly interacted with and activated PI4KII alpha by increasing its V(max) for ATP and PtdIns. In addition, Dvl regulated PI4KII alpha and PIP5KI via different domains. (PMID:19561074)
• Mutations in the human naked cuticle homolog NKD1 found in colorectal cancer alter Wnt/Dvl/beta-catenin signaling (PMID:19956716)
• NKD2 antagonizes Wnt signaling: myristoylated NKD2 interacts with Dvl-1 at the plasma membrane, and this interaction leads to their mutual ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. (PMID:20177058)
• Dishevelled signals through LRP5/6 in human cells and Drosophila embryos. (PMID:20388731)
• the Hippo pathway restricts Wnt/beta-Catenin signaling by promoting an interaction between TAZ and DVL in the cytoplasm (PMID:20412773)
• Study demonstrate that the DIX domains of Dvl and Axin are expressed noticeably in a multi-cistronic system but not in a mono-cistronic system. (PMID:20846493)
• TMEM88 associates with Dvl proteins and regulates Wnt signaling in a context-dependent manner (PMID:21044957)
• 14-3-3beta interacts with human Dapper1, attenuating the ability of hDpr1 to promote Dishevelled (Dvl) degradation, thus enhancing Wnt signaling (PMID:21262972)
• Data reveal a novel Rac1-dependent signalling pathway that, through Nedd4-mediated ubiquitylation of Dvl1, stimulates the maturation of epithelial cell-cell contacts. (PMID:22467858)
• findings did not provide evidence for the implication of DVL1 in the pathogenesis of human NTDs. (PMID:23836490)
• Study showed an association of DVL-1 and DVL-3 with Hirschsprung’s disease. (PMID:24040443)
• DVL1 was localized in the cytoplasm of CRC cells. (PMID:24129181)
• Authors propose a model for Rac1 activation where SIRT1/2 positively modulates the DVL/TIAM1/Rac1 axis and promotes sustained pathway activation. (PMID:24362520)
• DVL is a master regulator of FZD6/G-protein signaling (PMID:24500924)
• Dvl overexpression may contribute to the malignant proliferation and invasion of human glioma. (PMID:25043531)
• Results show that coexpression of IQGAP1 and Dvl in the cytoplasm and nucleus was correlated with the lymph nodal metastase and poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer. (PMID:25436461)
• silencing DVL1 sensitized A2780/Taxol cells to paclitaxel, by down-regulating AKT/GSK-3beta/beta-catenin signalling, providing a novel strategy for chemosensitization of ovarian cancer to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity. (PMID:25643607)
• Mutations in DVL1 cause an osteosclerotic form of Robinow syndrome, with the osteosclerosis possibly the result of an interaction between the wild-type and mutant alleles, leading to elevated canonical Wnt signaling. (PMID:25817014)
• DVL1 frameshift mutations clustering in the penultimate exon cause autosomal-dominant Robinow syndrome. (PMID:25817016)
• Data indicate Dishevelled (DVL) as a dual function adaptor to recruit negative regulators ZNRF3/RNF43 to Wnt receptors to ensure proper control of pathway activity. (PMID:25891077)
• TMEM88 stimulated triple negative breast cancer cell invasion by interacting with DVLl. (PMID:26325443)
• Specific -1 frameshift variants in the penultimate exon of DVL1 cause autosomal-dominant Robinow syndrome. (PMID:26924530)
• Data show that dishevelled proteins DVL1, 2 and 3 were exclusively expressed in chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL) cells as compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (PMID:27086035)
• These results identify USP4 as a novel regulator of Dvl in Wnt/beta-catenin signal and show its involvement in Wnt3a-induced osteoblast differentiation (PMID:27128386)
• Data show that receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) interacts with Dishevelled (Dvl) proteins and promotes their lysosomal degradation, and this effect is enhanced by autophagy induction. (PMID:27129200)
• Lack of DVL prevents NEK2-controlled dissolution of loose centrosomal linker and subsequent centrosomal separation. Increased DVL levels, in contrast, sequester centrosomal NEK2 and mimic monopolar spindle defects induced by a dominant negative version of this kinase. (PMID:27486244)

Cross-species orthologs

9 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	dvl1a	ENSDARG00000010515
danio_rerio	dvl1b	ENSDARG00000055552
danio_rerio	si:ch73-236e11.2	ENSDARG00000095919
mus_musculus	Dvl1	ENSMUSG00000029071
rattus_norvegicus	Dvl1	ENSRNOG00000019423
drosophila_melanogaster	dsh	FBGN0000499
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001101
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00001102
caenorhabditis_elegans		WBGENE00003241

Paralogs (3): DVL2 (ENSG00000004975), DIXDC1 (ENSG00000150764), DVL3 (ENSG00000161202)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 — O14640 (reviewed: O14640)

Alternative names: DSH homolog 1

All UniProt accessions (3): O14640, A0A0J9YWZ5, A0A0J9YYK1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Function. Participates in Wnt signaling by binding to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of frizzled family members and transducing the Wnt signal to down-stream effectors. Plays a role both in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling. Plays a role in the signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple Wnt genes. Required for LEF1 activation upon WNT1 and WNT3A signaling. DVL1 and PAK1 form a ternary complex with MUSK which is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ).

Subunit / interactions. Interacts with CXXC4. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with NXN. Interacts with BRD7 and INVS. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with VANGL1 and VANGL2 (via C-terminus). Interacts with ARRB1; the interaction is enhanced by phosphorylation of DVL1. Interacts with CYLD. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with RYK. Self-associates (via DIX domain) and forms higher homooligomers. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with DACT1 and FZD7, where DACT1 and FZD7 compete for the same binding site. Interacts (via DEP domain) with MUSK; the interaction is direct and mediates the formation a DVL1, MUSK and PAK1 ternary complex involved in AChR clustering. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with TMEM88. Interacts with DCDC2. Interacts with FOXK2. Interacts with PKD1 (via extracellular domain). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with CCDC88C/DAPLE; competes with CCDC88C for binding to frizzled receptor FZD7 and dissociates from CCDC88C following initiation of non-canonical Wnt signaling when CCDC88C displaces DVL1 from ligand-activated FZD7.

Subcellular location. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm. Cytosol. Cytoplasmic vesicle.

Post-translational modifications. Ubiquitinated; undergoes both ‘Lys-48’-linked ubiquitination, leading to its subsequent degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and ‘Lys-63’-linked ubiquitination. The interaction with INVS is required for ubiquitination. Deubiquitinated by CYLD, which acts on ‘Lys-63’-linked ubiquitin chains.

Disease relevance. Robinow syndrome, autosomal dominant 2 (DRS2) [MIM:616331] A rare skeletal dysplasia syndrome characterized by dysmorphic features resembling a fetal face, mesomelic limb shortening, hypoplastic external genitalia in males, costovertebral segmentation defects, and renal anomalies. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Domain organisation. The DIX domain promotes homooligomerization. The DEP domain mediates interaction with the cell membrane.

Similarity. Belongs to the DSH family.

Isoforms (2)

UniProt ID	Names	Canonical?
O14640-1	1	yes
O14640-2	2

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001317240, NP_004412 (=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR000591	DEP_dom	Domain
IPR001158	DIX	Domain
IPR001478	PDZ	Domain
IPR003351	Dishevelled_protein_dom	Domain
IPR008339	Dishevelled_fam	Family
IPR015506	Dsh/Dvl-rel	Family
IPR024580	Dishevelled_C-dom	Domain
IPR029071	Ubiquitin-like_domsf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036034	PDZ_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036388	WH-like_DNA-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR036390	WH_DNA-bd_sf	Homologous_superfamily
IPR038207	DIX_dom_sf	Homologous_superfamily

Pfam: PF00595, PF00610, PF00778, PF02377, PF12316

UniProt features (25 total): compositionally biased region 7, strand 6, domain 3, sequence conflict 2, helix 2, region of interest 2, chain 1, modified residue 1, splice variant 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

3 structures.

PDB	Method	Resolution (Å)
6LCB	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	1.4
6TTK	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.38
6LCA	X-RAY DIFFRACTION	2.4

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-O14640-F1	60.70	0.19

Functional residue map

Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.

Post-translational modifications (1): 194

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

8 pathways

ID	Pathway
R-HSA-201681	TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT
R-HSA-201688	WNT mediated activation of DVL
R-HSA-4086400	PCP/CE pathway
R-HSA-4641258	Degradation of DVL
R-HSA-4641262	Disassembly of the destruction complex and recruitment of AXIN to the membrane
R-HSA-5368598	Negative regulation of TCF-dependent signaling by DVL-interacting proteins
R-HSA-5663220	RHO GTPases Activate Formins
R-HSA-9673324	WNT5:FZD7-mediated leishmania damping

MSigDB gene sets: 0 (showing top):

GO Biological Process (41): heart looping (GO:0001947), outflow tract morphogenesis (GO:0003151), regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355), neurotransmitter secretion (GO:0007269), axon guidance (GO:0007411), neuromuscular junction development (GO:0007528), positive regulation of neuron projection development (GO:0010976), synaptic vesicle exocytosis (GO:0016079), neural tube development (GO:0021915), convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation (GO:0022007), cytoplasmic microtubule organization (GO:0031122), positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0032436), regulation of protein localization (GO:0032880), protein localization to nucleus (GO:0034504), social behavior (GO:0035176), protein localization to microtubule (GO:0035372), intracellular signal transduction (GO:0035556), non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0035567), receptor clustering (GO:0043113), positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944), collateral sprouting (GO:0048668), axon extension (GO:0048675), dendrite morphogenesis (GO:0048813), synapse organization (GO:0050808), protein stabilization (GO:0050821), canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0060070), Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway (GO:0060071), prepulse inhibition (GO:0060134), dendritic spine morphogenesis (GO:0060997), skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering (GO:0071340), cochlea morphogenesis (GO:0090103), presynapse assembly (GO:0099054), regulation of postsynapse organization (GO:0099175), positive regulation of neuron projection arborization (GO:0150012), positive regulation of protein localization to presynapse (GO:1905386), regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (GO:2000300), positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential (GO:2000463), axonogenesis (GO:0007409), Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0016055), convergent extension involved in organogenesis (GO:0060029)

GO Molecular Function (7): frizzled binding (GO:0005109), beta-catenin binding (GO:0008013), enzyme binding (GO:0019899), protein kinase binding (GO:0019901), small GTPase binding (GO:0031267), identical protein binding (GO:0042802), protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (22): cytosol (GO:0005829), microtubule (GO:0005874), postsynaptic density (GO:0014069), lateral plasma membrane (GO:0016328), clathrin-coated vesicle (GO:0030136), growth cone (GO:0030426), cytoplasmic vesicle (GO:0031410), neuron projection (GO:0043005), neuronal cell body (GO:0043025), dendritic spine (GO:0043197), synapse (GO:0045202), Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse (GO:0098685), presynapse (GO:0098793), glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978), neuronal dense core vesicle (GO:0098992), Wnt signalosome (GO:1990909), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), plasma membrane (GO:0005886), microtubule cytoskeleton (GO:0015630), membrane (GO:0016020), axon (GO:0030424), dendrite (GO:0030425)

Reactome top-level categories

Rollup of top-5 pathways:

Category	Pathways
TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT	4
Signaling by WNT	1
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling	1
RHO GTPase Effectors	1
Killing mechanisms	1

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
cellular anatomical structure	5
protein binding	3
synapse	3
establishment of localization in cell	2
presynapse	2
signal release from synapse	2
intracellular anatomical structure	2
plasma membrane	2
cytoplasm	2
embryonic heart tube morphogenesis	1
determination of heart left/right asymmetry	1
heart morphogenesis	1
anatomical structure morphogenesis	1
DNA-templated transcription	1
regulation of gene expression	1
regulation of RNA biosynthetic process	1
neurotransmitter transport	1
chemical synaptic transmission	1
axonogenesis	1
neuron projection guidance	1
synapse organization	1
regulation of neuron projection development	1
neuron projection development	1
positive regulation of cell projection organization	1
neurotransmitter secretion	1
regulated exocytosis	1
vesicle-mediated transport in synapse	1
synaptic vesicle cycle	1
nervous system development	1
tube development	1
chordate embryonic development	1
epithelium development	1
neural plate elongation	1
convergent extension involved in gastrulation	1
convergent extension involved in organogenesis	1
microtubule cytoskeleton organization	1
supramolecular fiber organization	1
regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	1
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	1
positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

2659 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
DVL1	AXIN1	O15169	999
DVL1	DAAM1	Q9Y4D1	998
DVL1	LRP5	O75197	997
DVL1	GSK3B	P49841	995
DVL1	LRP6	O75581	994
DVL1	INVS	Q9Y283	990
DVL1	CCDC88C	Q9P219	983
DVL1	VANGL2	Q9ULK5	976
DVL1	ANKRD6	Q9Y2G4	973
DVL1	CTNNB1	P35222	973
DVL1	FZD7	O75084	969
DVL1	VANGL1	Q8TAA9	961
DVL1	CXXC5	Q7LFL8	960
DVL1	FRAT1	Q92837	954
DVL1	DACT1	Q9NYF0	953

IntAct

120 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
DVL1	Axin1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.800
Axin1	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.800
DVL1	Axin1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.800
Axin1	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.800
DVL1	Axin1	psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)	0.800
CSNK1E	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.640
DVL1	CSNK1E	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.640
CSNK1E	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0217”(phosphorylation reaction)	0.640
DVL3	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.630
DVL1	DVL3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.630
DVL3	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.630
DVL1	DVL2	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.620
DVL1	DVL2	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.620
DVL1	APC	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.620
APC	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.620
Cxxc4	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.610
Cxxc4	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0407”(direct interaction)	0.610
DVL1	Cxxc4	psi-mi:“MI:0403”(colocalization)	0.610
PLK1	C1orf226	psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association)	0.560
SCYL2	DVL1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.540

BioGRID (170): NCK2 (Two-hybrid), TRIM69 (Two-hybrid), WWTR1 (Affinity Capture-Western), FLNC (Affinity Capture-MS), DVL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), DVL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), DVL1 (Affinity Capture-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS), DVL1 (Proximity Label-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A0G2K2P5, A0JNJ1, B1WAP7, G9CGD6, O14640, O75122, O88382, O95049, O97758, P34908, P39447, P51141, P54792, P70175, Q05AS8, Q07157, Q16825, Q5F488, Q5IS48, Q5SGD7, Q5TCQ9, Q5XI81, Q61062, Q62136, Q62728, Q62936, Q6DKE2, Q6P9H4, Q6ZM86, Q812E4, Q86UL8, Q8BMA3, Q8IVH8, Q8JHI3, Q8TDW5, Q920B0, Q924I2, Q925T6, Q92997, Q95168

Diamond homologs: A0A8C0TYJ0, B1WAP7, G5ECY0, O14640, O14641, O15018, O15169, O35625, O35889, O42400, O54824, O55164, O70239, O70240, O75970, O88566, P31007, P31016, P51140, P51141, P51142, P54792, P55196, P57094, P57105, P70175, P78352, Q05AS8, Q12923, Q12959, Q14005, Q155Q3, Q15700, Q22227, Q28C55, Q2VUH7, Q3T0C9, Q5IS48, Q5PYH5, Q5PYH6

SIGNOR signaling

41 interactions.

A	Effect	B	Mechanism
RYK	up-regulates	DVL1	binding
DVL1	“up-regulates activity”	CTNNB1	binding
FZD3	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	binding
INVS	down-regulates	DVL1	ubiquitination
SMAD1	up-regulates	DVL1	binding
DVL1	“up-regulates activity”	LRP6	binding
DVL1	“down-regulates activity”	APC	binding
DVL1	“down-regulates activity”	GSK3B	binding
WNT5A	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1
DVL1	up-regulates	JUN	binding
WNT3A	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1
DVL1	“up-regulates activity”	DAAM1	binding
DVL1	“up-regulates activity”	RAC1	binding
ANAPC2	down-regulates	DVL1	binding
WWTR1	down-regulates	DVL1	binding
FZD6	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	binding
DVL1	“up-regulates activity”	RAC1
DVL1	up-regulates	RND1
SDC4	up-regulates	DVL1	binding
YAP1	down-regulates	DVL1	binding
CSNK1E	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	phosphorylation
DVL1	“down-regulates activity”	GSK3B/Axin/APC	binding
Frizzled	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	binding
FZD1	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	binding
FZD4	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	binding
FZD2	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	binding
FZD5	“up-regulates activity”	DVL1	binding
DVL1	“up-regulates activity”	RHOA	binding

Enriched among interaction partners

Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 88 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.

Reactome pathways:

Pathway	Partners	Fold	FDR
PCP/CE pathway	5	27.8×	8e-05
Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes	6	17.6×	8e-05
Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome	6	17.6×	8e-05
AURKA Activation by TPX2	6	16.9×	9e-05
Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane	8	16.8×	6e-06
Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes	6	15.1×	2e-04
Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition	6	14.1×	2e-04
Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes	6	12.9×	3e-04

GO biological processes:

GO term	Partners	Fold	FDR
centriole replication	5	47.6×	3e-05
Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	5	29.6×	2e-04
cilium assembly	10	9.6×	3e-05

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

847 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	15
Likely pathogenic	7
Uncertain significance	333
Likely benign	326
Benign	86

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (22)

Variant ID	HGVS	Classification
1335929	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1131C>A (p.Tyr377Ter)	Pathogenic
208043	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1645_1646delinsC (p.Phe549fs)	Pathogenic
208044	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1580_1592del (p.His527fs)	Pathogenic
208045	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1594del (p.Trp532fs)	Pathogenic
208046	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1583del (p.Pro528fs)	Pathogenic
208047	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1690del (p.Ser564fs)	Pathogenic
208048	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1604del (p.Gly535fs)	Pathogenic
208049	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1637del (p.Pro546fs)	Pathogenic
208050	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1651_1658delinsG (p.Pro551fs)	Pathogenic
219223	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1598del (p.Pro533fs)	Pathogenic
3764194	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1695del (p.Ser567fs)	Pathogenic
520999	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1579del (p.His527fs)	Pathogenic
807594	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1547del (p.Thr516fs)	Pathogenic
981467	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1667del (p.Pro556fs)	Pathogenic
984981	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1631del (p.Gly544fs)	Pathogenic
1709442	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.363-1G>C	Likely pathogenic
373812	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1324_1331dup (p.Val445fs)	Likely pathogenic
488045	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1687_1691dup (p.Ser564fs)	Likely pathogenic
488046	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1698del (p.Ser567fs)	Likely pathogenic
524041	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1694_1706del (p.Thr565fs)	Likely pathogenic
931630	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1682_1683dup (p.Ser562fs)	Likely pathogenic
981468	NM_001330311.2(DVL1):c.1715-1G>A	Likely pathogenic

SpliceAI

2137 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
1:1337065:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1338267:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1338268:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1338268:CTG:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1338514:CCACT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1338515:CACTC:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1338516:ACTCA:A	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1338517:CT:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1338518:TCA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1338519:CA:C	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1338520:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1338521:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1338521:C:CT	donor_loss	1.0000
1:1338649:CAGCT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1338650:AGCT:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1338651:GCTC:G	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:1338652:CT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1338654:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1338654:CTG:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000
1:1338657:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1338658:A:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1338662:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1339285:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1339286:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1339452:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1339494:CAGGG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1339734:AC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1339735:CC:C	donor_gain	1.0000
1:1339810:CAC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
1:1339813:CT:C	acceptor_loss	1.0000

AlphaMissense

4555 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
1:1338297:G:C	C493W	1.000
1:1338309:G:C	F489L	1.000
1:1338309:G:T	F489L	1.000
1:1338310:A:G	F489S	1.000
1:1338311:A:G	F489L	1.000
1:1338436:C:T	G447E	1.000
1:1338522:C:A	G447W	1.000
1:1338522:C:G	G447R	1.000
1:1338522:C:T	G447R	1.000
1:1338530:G:T	A444D	1.000
1:1338551:A:G	L437P	1.000
1:1338551:A:T	L437H	1.000
1:1338553:C:A	W436C	1.000
1:1338553:C:G	W436C	1.000
1:1338555:A:G	W436R	1.000
1:1338555:A:T	W436R	1.000
1:1338560:C:G	R434P	1.000
1:1339629:G:T	A336D	1.000
1:1339632:A:T	V335E	1.000
1:1339638:A:G	L333P	1.000
1:1339638:A:T	L333H	1.000
1:1339760:A:G	L321P	1.000
1:1339760:A:T	L321Q	1.000
1:1339772:G:T	A317D	1.000
1:1339796:A:G	F309S	1.000
1:1340039:T:G	Q303P	1.000
1:1340042:A:G	L302P	1.000
1:1340045:A:C	L301W	1.000
1:1340045:A:G	L301S	1.000
1:1340051:T:A	D299V	1.000

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000219681 (1:1346469 G>A), RS1000310620 (1:1338943 A>C), RS1000324436 (1:1342331 G>A), RS1000892093 (1:1336952 G>C), RS1001146154 (1:1349371 C>T), RS1001267916 (1:1336813 G>A,C), RS1001375231 (1:1339185 G>A), RS1001515279 (1:1349709 G>C), RS1001707902 (1:1335278 T>G), RS1001724002 (1:1346855 C>T), RS1001856223 (1:1337407 A>G,T), RS1001982494 (1:1346082 C>T), RS1002457796 (1:1345893 C>A,T), RS1002468853 (1:1343341 G>A), RS1002563932 (1:1343553 T>C)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:601365 | disease phenotypes: MIM:616331, MIM:180700, MIM:618300

GenCC curated gene-disease

Disease	Classification	Inheritance
autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 2	Definitive	Autosomal dominant
autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome	Supportive	Autosomal dominant

Mondo (5): autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 2 (MONDO:0014591), autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome 1 (MONDO:0024455), intellectual disability (MONDO:0001071), ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 40 (MONDO:0032664), autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome (MONDO:0008389)

Orphanet (3): Autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome (Orphanet:3107), Robinow syndrome (Orphanet:97360), NON RARE IN EUROPE: Unexplained intellectual disability (Orphanet:319658)

HPO phenotypes

146 total (30 of 146 shown, HPO-id order):

HPO	Term
HP:0000006	Autosomal dominant inheritance
HP:0000023	Inguinal hernia
HP:0000028	Cryptorchidism
HP:0000036	Abnormal penis morphology
HP:0000039	Epispadias
HP:0000047	Hypospadias
HP:0000054	Micropenis
HP:0000059	Hypoplastic labia majora
HP:0000060	Clitoral hypoplasia
HP:0000064	Hypoplastic labia minora
HP:0000075	Renal duplication
HP:0000126	Hydronephrosis
HP:0000154	Wide mouth
HP:0000158	Macroglossia
HP:0000164	Abnormality of the dentition
HP:0000168	Abnormality of the gingiva
HP:0000175	Cleft palate
HP:0000185	Cleft soft palate
HP:0000189	Narrow palate
HP:0000200	Short lingual frenulum
HP:0000202	Orofacial cleft
HP:0000207	Triangular mouth
HP:0000212	Gingival overgrowth
HP:0000215	Thick upper lip vermilion
HP:0000218	High palate
HP:0000219	Thin upper lip vermilion
HP:0000256	Macrocephaly
HP:0000260	Wide anterior fontanel
HP:0000272	Malar flattening
HP:0000278	Retrognathia

GWAS associations

3 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST004131_103	Inflammatory bowel disease	2.000000e-07
GCST004133_40	Ulcerative colitis	3.000000e-06
GCST009957_1	Nicotine dependence	4.000000e-06

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D008607	Intellectual Disability	C10.597.606.360; C23.888.592.604.646; F01.700.687; F03.625.539

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: yes

ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL6027 (SINGLE PROTEIN)

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

ChEMBL bioactivities

1 potent at pChembl≥5 of 10 total, top 1 by pChembl (potency: 10 = 0.1 nM, 6 = 1 µM).

pChembl	Type	Value	Unit	Molecule
6.73	Kd	186	nM	CHEMBL3814692

PubChem BioAssay actives

1 with measured affinity, of 63 total; 1 most potent distinct compounds. Largely complementary to BindingDB; screening values are coarse (µM, 4 dp), so sub-nM hits tie at the floor.

Compound	Assay	Type	Value	Unit
2-[2-bromo-6-ethoxy-4-[(Z)-(3-oxo-1-benzothiophen-2-ylidene)methyl]phenoxy]acetic acid	1305262: Binding affinity to His-tagged Dvl-1 PDZ domain (247 to 337 residues) (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by fluorescence spectroscopy	kd	0.1860	uM

CTD chemical–gene interactions

43 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
bisphenol A	affects expression, affects cotreatment, increases methylation	2
Estradiol	affects expression, increases expression	2
triphenyl phosphate	affects expression	1
lead acetate	increases expression	1
trichostatin A	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
beta-lapachone	increases expression	1
11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid	affects methylation, increases abundance	1
sodium arsenite	increases expression	1
perfluorooctanoic acid	decreases expression	1
tamibarotene	decreases expression	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid	decreases expression	1
CGP 52608	affects binding, increases reaction	1
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid	decreases expression	1
K 7174	increases expression	1
perfluorohexanesulfonic acid	decreases expression	1
PKF115-584	decreases expression	1
(+)-JQ1 compound	decreases expression	1
4-(4-((5-(4,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-2-furanyl)methylene)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic acid	decreases expression	1
Resveratrol	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Decitabine	affects cotreatment, decreases expression	1
Sunitinib	increases expression	1
Fulvestrant	increases methylation, affects cotreatment	1
Cannabinoids	affects methylation, increases abundance	1
Carmustine	decreases expression	1
Cisplatin	decreases expression	1
Curcumin	decreases expression	1
Doxorubicin	decreases expression	1
Estrogens	affects cotreatment, increases expression	1
Malathion	increases expression	1
Niclosamide	increases expression	1

ChEMBL screening assays

11 unique, capped per target: 10 binding, 1 functional

Representative assays (with source publication via chembl_document):

Assay ID	Type	Description	Source paper
CHEMBL1227548	Binding	Inhibition of Dvl1 overexpressed in human HEK293S assessed as inhibition of beta-casein/TCF reporter signaling at 20 uM after 18 hrs by TOPglow reporter assay	Inhibition of Wnt signaling by Dishevelled PDZ peptides. — Nat Chem Biol
CHEMBL931111	Functional	Antagonist activity at human Dvl1 assessed as inhibition of interaction between Dvl1 PDZ domain and Fz7 PDZ domain by alphaScreen assay	Indole-2-amide based biochemical antagonist of Dishevelled PDZ domain interaction down-regulates Dishevelled-driven Tcf transcriptional activity. — Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Cellosaurus cell lines

1 cell lines: 1 cancer cell line

First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):

Cellosaurus	Name	Category	Sex
CVCL_E0C7	Ubigene HeLa DVL1 KO	Cancer cell line	Female

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

197 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT05657860	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Guanfacine Extended Release for the Reduction of Aggression and Self-injurious Behavior Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome
NCT05744479	PHASE4	RECRUITING	Metformin for Antipsychotic-induced Weight Gain in Adults With Intellectual Disability
NCT06107829	PHASE4	WITHDRAWN	Valbenazine Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia in Adults With Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT06997198	PHASE4	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Deutetrabenazine Treatment for Tardive Dyskinesia in Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
NCT02270736	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Clinical Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of NT 201 Compared to Placebo in the Treatment of Chronic Troublesome Drooling Associated With Neurological Disorders and/or Intellectual Disability
NCT02304302	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Down Syndrome Memantine Follow-up Study
NCT03862950	PHASE2	COMPLETED	A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome (Met)
NCT04529226	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Study to Compare Clozapine vs Treatment as Usual in People With Intellectual Disability & Treatment-resistant Psychosis
NCT04821856	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cannabidiol in Treating Severe Behavioural Problems in Children and Adolescents With Intellectual Disability
NCT05273320	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Clinical Trial of Nabilone for Aggression in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
NCT05301361	PHASE1	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Sensitivity of the NIH Toolbox to Stimulant Treatment in Intellectual Disabilities
NCT06016764	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Use of MRI and cTBS for Catatonia in Autism
NCT06586827	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Impact of Competency-Based Training and Technical Assistance Employment Outcomes of Individuals With ID/DD
NCT07531940	PHASE1	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Escalating Doses of Memantine in Down Syndrome (MEDS-123)
NCT03479476	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome
NCT02616796	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	Effects of Social Gaze Training on Brain and Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome
NCT06860672	EARLY_PHASE1	RECRUITING	Clinical Trial of the Dual Vector Base Editor for the Treatment of the CHD3-R1025W Mutation
NCT00597948	Not specified	COMPLETED	Healthy Lifestyles for People With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT01087320	Not specified	RECRUITING	Genome Medical Sequencing for Gene Discovery
NCT01652963	Not specified	UNKNOWN	Picture-based Computerised Assessment and Training of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Skills
NCT01695395	Not specified	COMPLETED	Mental Health Care Provision for Adults With Intellectual Disability and a Mental Disorder
NCT01867554	Not specified	COMPLETED	Research and Characterization of New Genes Involved in Intellectual Disability
NCT01915381	Not specified	COMPLETED	Improving Adherence Healthy Lifestyle With a Smartphone Application Based on Adults With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT01988623	Not specified	COMPLETED	Pivotal Response Treatment for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities
NCT02099773	Not specified	COMPLETED	Support Staff-client Interactions With Augmentative and Alternative Communication
NCT02136849	Not specified	COMPLETED	Inter-regional Project of the Great Western Exploration Approach for Exome Molecular Causes Severe Intellectual Disability Isolated or Syndromic
NCT02225041	Not specified	COMPLETED	Sedation Strategy and Cognitive Outcome After Critical Illness in Early Childhood
NCT02414438	Not specified	COMPLETED	Establishing the Clinical Utility of First StepDx PLUS and NextStepDx PLUS Study
NCT02451761	Not specified	COMPLETED	Apparently Balanced Chromosomal Translocation/ Next-generation Sequencing/ Intellectual Disability
NCT02461420	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Mapping the Genotype, Phenotype, and Natural History of Phelan-McDermid Syndrome
NCT02461459	Not specified	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Intellectual Disability (ID) Determinants in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
NCT02486081	Not specified	COMPLETED	Development and Application-Smart Football for Movement Evaluation and Training in the Special Education Population
NCT02504502	Not specified	COMPLETED	Enhancing Genomic Laboratory Reports to Enhance Communication and Empower Patients
NCT02513277	Not specified	COMPLETED	Diabetes Screening & Prevention for People With Learning (Intellectual) Disabilities:STOP Diabetes Study
NCT02561754	Not specified	COMPLETED	Weight Management for Adolescents With IDD
NCT02591446	Not specified	COMPLETED	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies in Autism Spectrum Disorders
NCT02714868	Not specified	COMPLETED	Evaluation of Project TEAM (Teens Making Environmental and Activity Modifications)
NCT02721394	Not specified	UNKNOWN	FCT With Young Children With ID in the UK: A Feasibility Project V.1
NCT02746614	Not specified	COMPLETED	Psychomotor Therapy Effects in Adaptive Behavior and Motor Proficiency in Intellectual Disability
NCT02836405	Not specified	COMPLETED	TMS for the Investigation of Brain Plasticity in Autism Spectrum Disorders