E2F6
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Also known as E2F-6
Summary
E2F6 (E2F transcription factor 6, HGNC:3120) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome 2p25.1, encoding Transcription factor E2F6 (O75461). Inhibitor of E2F-dependent transcription.
This gene encodes a member of a family of transcription factors that play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle. The protein encoded by this gene lacks the transactivation and tumor suppressor protein association domains found in other family members, and contains a modular suppression domain that functions in the inhibition of transcription. It interacts in a complex with chromatin modifying factors. There are pseudogenes for this gene on chromosomes 22 and X. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Source: NCBI Gene 1876 — RefSeq curated summary.
At a glance
- GWAS associations: 5
- Clinical variants (ClinVar): 49 total — 1 likely-pathogenic
- Druggable target: yes
- Transcription factor: yes — 44 downstream targets (CollecTRI)
- MANE Select transcript:
NM_198256
Identifiers
Gene identifiers
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| HGNC ID | HGNC:3120 |
| Approved symbol | E2F6 |
| Name | E2F transcription factor 6 |
| Location | 2p25.1 |
| Locus type | gene with protein product |
| Status | Approved |
| Aliases | E2F-6 |
| Ensembl gene | ENSG00000169016 |
| Ensembl biotype | protein_coding |
| OMIM | 602944 |
| Entrez | 1876 |
Gene structure
Transcript identifiers
Ensembl transcripts: 16 — 8 protein_coding, 5 nonsense_mediated_decay, 3 retained_intron
ENST00000307236, ENST00000381525, ENST00000421117, ENST00000428221, ENST00000437573, ENST00000444832, ENST00000455198, ENST00000468775, ENST00000471343, ENST00000498701, ENST00000542100, ENST00000546212, ENST00000908571, ENST00000908572, ENST00000938567, ENST00000938568
RefSeq mRNA: 6 — MANE Select: NM_198256
NM_001278275, NM_001278276, NM_001278277, NM_001278278, NM_198256, NM_212540
CCDS: CCDS1680, CCDS62858, CCDS62859
Canonical transcript exons
ENST00000381525 — 7 exons
| Exon | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| ENSE00001901457 | 11465772 | 11466161 |
| ENSE00003471320 | 11457179 | 11457233 |
| ENSE00003499036 | 11451651 | 11451806 |
| ENSE00003511529 | 11453582 | 11453798 |
| ENSE00003592466 | 11447627 | 11447774 |
| ENSE00003634899 | 11444375 | 11446523 |
| ENSE00003642203 | 11450012 | 11450126 |
Expression profiles
Bgee: expression breadth ubiquitous, 140 present calls, max score 92.05.
FANTOM5 (CAGE): breadth ubiquitous, TPM avg 1.6245 / max 16.2662, expressed in 1108 samples.
FANTOM5 promoters (2 alternative TSS)
| Promoter ID | TPM avg | Samples expressed |
|---|---|---|
| 26917 | 1.2481 | 898 |
| 26916 | 0.3764 | 181 |
Top tissues by expression
142 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):
| Tissue | Anatomy ID | Expression score | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| primordial germ cell in gonad | CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991 | 92.05 | gold quality |
| gastrocnemius | UBERON:0001388 | 89.91 | gold quality |
| muscle of leg | UBERON:0001383 | 89.46 | gold quality |
| adrenal tissue | UBERON:0018303 | 88.59 | gold quality |
| hindlimb stylopod muscle | UBERON:0004252 | 88.44 | gold quality |
| skeletal muscle tissue | UBERON:0001134 | 87.37 | gold quality |
| muscle tissue | UBERON:0002385 | 86.89 | gold quality |
| islet of Langerhans | UBERON:0000006 | 86.82 | gold quality |
| male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis | CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473 | 86.28 | gold quality |
| ventricular zone | UBERON:0003053 | 85.18 | gold quality |
| endometrium | UBERON:0001295 | 85.06 | gold quality |
| smooth muscle tissue | UBERON:0001135 | 84.77 | gold quality |
| left uterine tube | UBERON:0001303 | 84.52 | gold quality |
| heart left ventricle | UBERON:0002084 | 84.10 | gold quality |
| right adrenal gland cortex | UBERON:0035827 | 83.92 | gold quality |
| body of uterus | UBERON:0009853 | 83.79 | gold quality |
| placenta | UBERON:0001987 | 83.59 | gold quality |
| uterus | UBERON:0000995 | 83.57 | gold quality |
| omental fat pad | UBERON:0010414 | 83.44 | gold quality |
| heart | UBERON:0000948 | 83.37 | gold quality |
| myometrium | UBERON:0001296 | 83.01 | gold quality |
| right atrium auricular region | UBERON:0006631 | 82.98 | gold quality |
| right adrenal gland | UBERON:0001233 | 82.93 | gold quality |
| lower esophagus | UBERON:0013473 | 82.88 | gold quality |
| lower esophagus muscularis layer | UBERON:0035833 | 82.87 | gold quality |
| fallopian tube | UBERON:0003889 | 82.76 | gold quality |
| esophagogastric junction muscularis propria | UBERON:0035841 | 82.60 | gold quality |
| right ovary | UBERON:0002118 | 82.54 | gold quality |
| pituitary gland | UBERON:0000007 | 82.48 | gold quality |
| adenohypophysis | UBERON:0002196 | 82.40 | gold quality |
Single-cell (SCXA)
Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.
| Experiment | Marker? | Max mean expression |
|---|---|---|
| E-ANND-3 | yes | 4.06 |
Regulation
Is transcription factor: yes
Downstream targets (CollecTRI)
44 targets.
| Target | Regulation |
|---|---|
| ADAM2 | |
| APAF1 | Repression |
| BRCA1 | Unknown |
| BRD7 | Unknown |
| CAMTA2 | |
| CBX5 | Repression |
| CCNB2 | Repression |
| CHEK2 | |
| CYC1 | Unknown |
| DCTN4 | |
| DDX11 | |
| DEPDC5 | Repression |
| DHPS | |
| DTL | Activation |
| E2F1 | Repression |
| EFNA5 | |
| FNTB | |
| GRIK1 | |
| H19 | Repression |
| IL13 | Unknown |
| KDM3A | |
| KIFBP | Repression |
| MCM3 | |
| METTL2B | |
| NEK11 | |
| PRKAR1A | |
| PTGS1 | Repression |
| RAD51AP1 | |
| RBBP4 | Repression |
| RBBP8 | Repression |
JASPAR motifs
| Motif | Name | Family |
|---|---|---|
| MA0471.1 | E2F6 | E2F |
| MA0471.2 | E2F6 | E2F |
| MA0471.3 | E2F6 | E2F |
JASPAR matrix evidence (PMIDs): PMID:17908821
Upstream regulators (CollecTRI, top): BRCA1, DNMT3B, E2F1, NRF1
Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 32)
- data suggest that E2F- and Myc-responsive genes are coregulated by E2F6 complex in quiescent cells (PMID:12004135)
- results suggest that E2F6 represses transcription of the brca1, ctip, art27, hp1alpha, and the rbap48 genes and depletion of E2F6 resulted in the recruitment of E2F1 to the target promoters (PMID:12909625)
- contains nine exons distributed along 20.4kbp of genomic DNA on chromosome 2 leading to the transcription of six alternatively spliced E2F6 mRNAs that encode four different E2F6 proteins (PMID:15081404)
- E2F6 does not contain the domains required for modulation of squamous differentiation (PMID:15474455)
- showed that E2F6, DP1, EPC1, EZH2, and Sin3B co-elute, suggesting the identification of a novel E2F6 complex that exists in vivo in both normal and transformed human cell lines (PMID:15536069)
- functions as a repressor of E2F-dependent transcription during S phase (PMID:15574595)
- the expression of the E2F6 repressor is influenced at the transcriptional level by E2F family members and suggest that interplay among these transcriptional regulators, especially E2F1, may be critical for cell cycle regulation (PMID:16107498)
- PHC3 and E2F6 showed nuclear colocalization in a punctate pattern which was not seen in proliferating cells suggesting that PHC3 may be part of an E2F6-polycomb complex that has been shown to occupy and silence target promoters in G(0) (PMID:17001316)
- E2F-6 inhibited Apaf-1 upregulation by competing with E2F-1 for promoter binding. It enhanced the clonogenic growth of granulocyte, erythroid, macrophage, & megakaryocyte cells.It may prevent hematopoietic progenitor cell loss during proliferation. (PMID:17600109)
- E2F6 binding sites are located within 2 kb of a transcription start site, in both normal and tumor cells (PMID:17908821)
- E2F6 has a role in control of hypoxia-induced apoptosis through regulation of E2F1 (PMID:18562691)
- findings indicate an inhibitory role of E2F6 in the regulation of IL-13 and allergy (PMID:22981205)
- E2F6 may recruit BRG1 in transcriptional regulation of genes important for G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle. (PMID:23082233)
- After replication stress, the checkpoint kinase Chk1 phosphorylates E2F6, leading to its dissociation from promoters. This promotes E2F-dependent transcription, which mediates cell survival by preventing DNA damage and cell death (PMID:23954429)
- Analysis data from a panel of cell cycle transcription factors (E2F1, E2F4, E2F6, and GABPA) finds that a set of core cell cycle genes regulated in both U2OS and HeLa cells are bound by multiple cell cycle transcription factors. (PMID:24109597)
- miR-185 suppresses tumor proliferation by directly targeting E2F6 and DNMT1 and indirectly upregulating BRCA1 in triple-negative breast cancer. (PMID:25319390)
- E2F1 forms a protein complex with EBNA3C and E2F6, and EBNA3C competes with E2F1 for E2F6 binding. E2F6 is also recruited by EBNA3C to the E2F1 promoter, which is critical for EBNA3C-mediated cell proliferation. (PMID:27548379)
- This analysis showed a relative increase in the expression of E2F6 in gastric adenocarcinoma with no lymph node metastasis (chi (2), P = 0.04 and OR, P = 0.08), while overexpression of RhoA and SMUG1 was found more often in the diffuse subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma as compared to the intestinal subtype. (PMID:27909884)
- Target gene prediction software indicated that E2F6 was the potential downstream target gene of miR-425. E2F6 expression was found to be negatively regulated by miR-425 in clear cell renal carcinoma. (PMID:30338798)
- An estrogen-mediated E2F6 ceRNA network epigenetically and competitively inhibits microRNA-193a activity, promoting ovarian cancer stemness and tumorigenesis. (PMID:30582655)
- LINC01436 exerted biological functions by acting as a microRNA (miR)-30a-3p sponge to regulate the expression of its target gene EPAS1. (PMID:30614188)
- data demonstrated that E2F6 could regulate the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of gastric carcinoma (GC) cells via inhibiting the expression of CASC2, suggesting that E2F6/CASC2 axis is another regulator of GC progression (PMID:31301415)
- E2F6-Mediated Downregulation of MIR22HG Facilitates the Progression of Laryngocarcinoma by Targeting the miR-5000-3p/FBXW7 Axis. (PMID:32094308)
- Circular RNA ZNF609 functions as a competing endogenous RNA in regulating E2F transcription factor 6 through competitively binding to microRNA-197-3p to promote the progression of cervical cancer progression. (PMID:33734009)
- Long noncoding RNA SLC9A3AS1 increases E2F6 expression by sponging microRNA4865p and thus facilitates the oncogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (PMID:34165171)
- Deubiquitination of the repressor E2F6 by USP22 facilitates AKT activation and tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:34339800)
- Long Noncoding RNA LAMTOR5-AS1 Interference Affects MicroRNA-506-3p/E2F6-Mediated Behavior of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. (PMID:34588094)
- A positive feedback loop of CENPU/E2F6/E2F1 facilitates proliferation and metastasis via ubiquitination of E2F6 in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:35844791)
- The E2F6 Transcription Factor is Associated with the Mammalian SUZ12-Containing Polycomb Complex. (PMID:36464274)
- lncRNA ENST00000585827 Contributes to the Progression of Endometrial Carcinoma via Regulating miR-424/E2F6/E2F7 Axis. (PMID:36525235)
- The osteoporosis susceptibility SNP rs188303909 at 2q14.2 regulates EN1 expression by modulating DNA methylation and E2F6 binding. (PMID:38153509)
- A hsa_circ_001726 axis regulated by E2F6 contributes to metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. (PMID:38166853)
Cross-species orthologs
4 orthologs
| Organism | Symbol | Gene ID |
|---|---|---|
| danio_rerio | e2f6 | ENSDARG00000008119 |
| mus_musculus | E2f6 | ENSMUSG00000057469 |
| rattus_norvegicus | E2f6 | ENSRNOG00000004449 |
| caenorhabditis_elegans | WBGENE00009899 |
Paralogs (7): E2F2 (ENSG00000007968), E2F1 (ENSG00000101412), E2F3 (ENSG00000112242), E2F8 (ENSG00000129173), E2F5 (ENSG00000133740), E2F7 (ENSG00000165891), E2F4 (ENSG00000205250)
Protein
Protein identifiers
Transcription factor E2F6 — O75461 (reviewed: O75461)
All UniProt accessions (7): O75461, A0A0S2Z3K8, F8WC40, F8WEZ5, Q2Z196, Q2Z197, Q53YM3
UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →
Function. Inhibitor of E2F-dependent transcription. Binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5’-TTTC[CG]CGC-3’. Has a preference for the 5’-TTTCCCGC-3’ E2F recognition site. E2F6 lacks the transcriptional activation and pocket protein binding domains. Appears to regulate a subset of E2F-dependent genes whose products are required for entry into the cell cycle but not for normal cell cycle progression. Represses expression of some meiosis-specific genes, including SLC25A31/ANT4. May silence expression via the recruitment of a chromatin remodeling complex containing histone H3-K9 methyltransferase activity. Overexpression delays the exit of cells from the S-phase.
Subunit / interactions. Forms heterodimers with DP family members TFDP1 or TFDP2. Component of the DRTF1/E2F transcription factor complex. Part of the E2F6.com-1 complex in G0 phase composed of E2F6, MGA, MAX, TFDP1, CBX3, BAT8, EUHMTASE1, RING1, RNF2, MBLR, L3MBTL2 and YAF2. Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components KMT2A/MLL1, ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1, WDR5 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components BACC1, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MGA, KAT8/MOF, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10.
Subcellular location. Nucleus.
Tissue specificity. Expressed in all tissues examined. Highest levels in placenta, skeletal muscle, heart, ovary, kidney, small intestine and spleen.
Similarity. Belongs to the E2F/DP family.
Isoforms (3)
| UniProt ID | Names | Canonical? |
|---|---|---|
| O75461-1 | 1 | yes |
| O75461-2 | 2 | |
| O75461-3 | 3 |
RefSeq proteins (6): NP_001265204, NP_001265205, NP_001265206, NP_001265207, NP_937987, NP_997705 (=MANE)
Domains & families (InterPro)
| ID | Name | Type |
|---|---|---|
| IPR003316 | E2F_WHTH_DNA-bd_dom | Domain |
| IPR015633 | E2F | Family |
| IPR032198 | E2F_CC-MB | Domain |
| IPR036388 | WH-like_DNA-bd_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR036390 | WH_DNA-bd_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR037241 | E2F-DP_heterodim | Homologous_superfamily |
Pfam: PF02319, PF16421
UniProt features (15 total): sequence conflict 4, region of interest 4, splice variant 2, chain 1, DNA-binding region 1, mutagenesis site 1, short sequence motif 1, cross-link 1
Structure
Experimental structures (PDB)
0 structures.
Predicted structure (AlphaFold)
| Model | pLDDT | Fraction very-high |
|---|---|---|
| AF-O75461-F1 | 71.37 | 0.35 |
Functional residue map
Curated UniProt residues grouped by drug-discovery relevance — catalytic, ligand-binding, modification, and mutation-validated positions. Source: UniProtKB sequence features.
Post-translational modifications (1): 9
Mutagenesis-validated functional residues (1):
| Position | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| 68 | reduction in repressor activity, little effect on s-phase entry. |
Function
Pathways and Gene Ontology
Reactome pathways
2 pathways
| ID | Pathway |
|---|---|
| R-HSA-69205 | G1/S-Specific Transcription |
| R-HSA-8953750 | Transcriptional Regulation by E2F6 |
MSigDB gene sets: 230 (showing top):
GSE18804_SPLEEN_MACROPHAGE_VS_COLON_TUMORAL_MACROPHAGE_DN, chr2p25, REACTOME_G1_S_SPECIFIC_TRANSCRIPTION, TGCGCANK_UNKNOWN, GAUSSMANN_MLL_AF4_FUSION_TARGETS_C_UP, BROWNE_HCMV_INFECTION_16HR_UP, GARGALOVIC_RESPONSE_TO_OXIDIZED_PHOSPHOLIPIDS_BLUE_UP, GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_GENE_EXPRESSION_EPIGENETIC, CREIGHTON_ENDOCRINE_THERAPY_RESISTANCE_1, YY1_02, DEBIASI_APOPTOSIS_BY_REOVIRUS_INFECTION_UP, DODD_NASOPHARYNGEAL_CARCINOMA_UP, GOCC_NUCLEAR_UBIQUITIN_LIGASE_COMPLEX, HNF1_01, GOBP_CHROMATIN_REMODELING
GO Biological Process (4): G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle (GO:0000082), negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122), regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357), regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)
GO Molecular Function (9): RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978), DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981), DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227), protein dimerization activity (GO:0046983), RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000977), DNA binding (GO:0003677), DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700), protein binding (GO:0005515), sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)
GO Cellular Component (6): chromatin (GO:0000785), nucleus (GO:0005634), nucleoplasm (GO:0005654), MLL1 complex (GO:0071339), RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex (GO:0090575), transcription regulator complex (GO:0005667)
Reactome top-level categories
Rollup of top-2 pathways:
| Category | Pathways |
|---|---|
| G1/S Transition | 1 |
| Generic Transcription Pathway | 1 |
GO top-level categories
Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:
| Category | Terms |
|---|---|
| RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | 3 |
| regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | 2 |
| transcription by RNA polymerase II | 2 |
| regulation of DNA-templated transcription | 2 |
| transcription cis-regulatory region binding | 2 |
| cellular anatomical structure | 2 |
| mitotic cell cycle | 1 |
| mitotic cell cycle phase transition | 1 |
| cell cycle G1/S phase transition | 1 |
| negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription | 1 |
| DNA-templated transcription | 1 |
| regulation of gene expression | 1 |
| regulation of RNA biosynthetic process | 1 |
| cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | 1 |
| chromatin | 1 |
| DNA-binding transcription factor activity | 1 |
| negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | 1 |
| DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific | 1 |
| DNA-binding transcription repressor activity | 1 |
| protein binding | 1 |
| nucleic acid binding | 1 |
| transcription regulator activity | 1 |
| binding | 1 |
| DNA binding | 1 |
| chromosome | 1 |
| intracellular membrane-bounded organelle | 1 |
| nuclear lumen | 1 |
| MLL1/2 complex | 1 |
| transcription regulator complex | 1 |
| nuclear protein-containing complex | 1 |
| protein-containing complex | 1 |
Protein interactions and networks
STRING
1596 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):
| Protein A | Protein B | Partner UniProt | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| E2F6 | TFDP1 | Q14186 | 980 |
| E2F6 | CBX3 | Q13185 | 956 |
| E2F6 | RING1 | Q06587 | 929 |
| E2F6 | PCGF6 | Q9BYE7 | 923 |
| E2F6 | RYBP | Q8N488 | 845 |
| E2F6 | BMI1 | P35226 | 811 |
| E2F6 | R4GMX3 | R4GMX3 | 811 |
| E2F6 | TFDP3 | Q5H9I0 | 780 |
| E2F6 | YAF2 | Q8IY57 | 778 |
| E2F6 | L3MBTL2 | Q969R5 | 776 |
| E2F6 | EHMT2 | Q96KQ7 | 766 |
| E2F6 | EHMT1 | Q9H9B1 | 751 |
| E2F6 | RNF2 | Q99496 | 747 |
| E2F6 | E2F8 | A0AVK6 | 746 |
| E2F6 | DNMT3B | Q9UBC3 | 734 |
IntAct
169 interactions, top by confidence:
| A | B | Type | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| TFDP1 | E2F6 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.950 |
| E2F6 | TFDP1 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.950 |
| TFDP2 | E2F6 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.910 |
| E2F6 | TFDP2 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.910 |
| HDAC1 | CDK2AP1 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.840 |
| E2F6 | TFDP2 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.740 |
| TFDP2 | E2F6 | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.740 |
| E2F6 | RYBP | psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association) | 0.740 |
| RYBP | E2F6 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.740 |
| COMMD1 | VPS26C | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.730 |
| E2F6 | WDR5 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.730 |
| L3MBTL2 | E2F6 | psi-mi:“MI:0914”(association) | 0.730 |
BioGRID (343): TFDP1 (Two-hybrid), TFDP2 (Two-hybrid), KRTAP10-7 (Two-hybrid), MGA (Affinity Capture-MS), TFDP1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RYBP (Affinity Capture-MS), COMMD6 (Affinity Capture-MS), COMMD4 (Affinity Capture-MS), TFDP2 (Affinity Capture-MS), WDR5 (Affinity Capture-MS), RNF2 (Affinity Capture-MS), L3MBTL2 (Affinity Capture-MS), PCGF6 (Affinity Capture-MS), E2F6 (Affinity Capture-MS), E2F6 (Affinity Capture-MS)
ESM2 similar proteins: A0A097I2D0, A0A1W2PP81, A0A1W2PPE2, A0A1W2PPH5, A0A1W2PPL8, A0A1W2PPW3, A0A1W2PQ09, A0A1W2PR64, A0A1W2PRV1, A6NLC8, F4HR03, O54825, O75461, P0C1H6, P0CV38, P0DMV1, P0DMV2, P0DW11, P0DW12, P0DW13, P0DW14, P40914, P49585, P49906, P81195, Q0MTC0, Q13895, Q15544, Q2N2K6, Q3SZB8, Q5DJT8, Q5RA91, Q5U1X0, Q6CER9, Q6RG77, Q6XL73, Q75DE4, Q7XHR2, Q7Z2G1, Q80WL2
Diamond homologs: A0AVK6, A5HWA8, D4A4D7, E1BE02, E1BKK0, F1LMN3, F1QZ88, F6YVB9, F7EA39, O00716, O35261, O54917, O75461, P56931, Q01094, Q08DY6, Q14209, Q15329, Q16254, Q20619, Q27368, Q58FA4, Q5RIX9, Q61501, Q61502, Q62814, Q6DE14, Q6S7F2, Q8LSZ4, Q8R0K9, Q8RWL0, Q90977, Q96AV8, Q9FNY0, Q9FV70, Q9FV71, Q9LFQ9, O09139, O77051
SIGNOR signaling
2 interactions.
| A | Effect | B | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|
| CHEK1 | “down-regulates activity” | E2F6 | phosphorylation |
Enriched among interaction partners
Reactome pathways and GO biological processes over-represented among this gene’s 125 IntAct physical interaction partners (hypergeometric vs the genome-wide background, BH-FDR, gene-set size 15–500, ranked by fold). A functional readout of the neighbourhood — distinct from this gene’s own memberships above, and biased toward well-studied / hub proteins, so read it as themes rather than proof.
Reactome pathways:
| Pathway | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| SUMOylation of DNA methylation proteins | 6 | 42.9× | 3e-07 |
| Transcriptional Regulation by E2F6 | 13 | 40.5× | 2e-15 |
| RUNX1 interacts with co-factors whose precise effect on RUNX1 targets is not known | 10 | 32.0× | 8e-11 |
| Transcription of E2F targets under negative control by DREAM complex | 5 | 28.9× | 3e-05 |
| G0 and Early G1 | 5 | 23.4× | 1e-04 |
| Differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to T helper 2 cells (Th2 cells) | 13 | 20.2× | 2e-11 |
| Transcriptional activity of SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer | 5 | 19.6× | 2e-04 |
| Deactivation of the beta-catenin transactivating complex | 7 | 17.4× | 9e-06 |
GO biological processes:
| GO term | Partners | Fold | FDR |
|---|---|---|---|
| heterochromatin formation | 7 | 15.5× | 4e-05 |
| positive regulation of miRNA transcription | 5 | 12.6× | 3e-03 |
| rhythmic process | 5 | 10.9× | 5e-03 |
| chromatin remodeling | 17 | 10.8× | 1e-10 |
| transcription by RNA polymerase II | 11 | 6.7× | 8e-05 |
Disease & clinical
Clinical variants and AI predictions
ClinVar
49 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):
| Classification | Count (floor) |
|---|---|
| Pathogenic | 0 |
| Likely pathogenic | 1 |
| Uncertain significance | 36 |
| Likely benign | 1 |
| Benign | 0 |
Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (1)
| Variant ID | HGVS | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| 3779577 | NM_198256.4(E2F6):c.380_380+16del | Likely pathogenic |
SpliceAI
2330 predictions. Top by Δscore:
| Variant | Effect | Δscore |
|---|---|---|
| 2:11447770:GAGTC:G | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11447773:TC:T | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11447774:CC:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11447775:C:CA | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 2:11447776:T:C | acceptor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451642:A:AC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451643:A:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451654:T:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451713:AT:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451714:T:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451803:TCCT:T | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451804:CCTC:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451805:CT:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451807:C:CC | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451808:T:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11451809:T:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453577:CTCA:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453578:TCA:T | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453579:CACA:C | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453580:A:AC | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453580:AC:A | donor_loss | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453580:ACAT:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453580:ACATC:A | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453581:C:CA | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453581:CAT:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453581:CATC:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453581:CATCC:C | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453583:T:TA | donor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453796:CTT:C | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
| 2:11453797:TT:T | acceptor_gain | 1.0000 |
AlphaMissense
1837 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:
| Variant | Protein change | am_pathogenicity |
|---|---|---|
| 2:11450058:A:T | V202D | 1.000 |
| 2:11453586:A:G | W126R | 1.000 |
| 2:11453586:A:T | W126R | 1.000 |
| 2:11453618:A:G | L115P | 1.000 |
| 2:11453627:C:T | G112E | 1.000 |
| 2:11453633:A:G | L110S | 1.000 |
| 2:11453645:A:T | I106N | 1.000 |
| 2:11453647:G:C | D105E | 1.000 |
| 2:11453647:G:T | D105E | 1.000 |
| 2:11453648:T:A | D105V | 1.000 |
| 2:11453648:T:C | D105G | 1.000 |
| 2:11453648:T:G | D105A | 1.000 |
| 2:11453649:C:A | D105Y | 1.000 |
| 2:11453649:C:G | D105H | 1.000 |
| 2:11453652:A:G | Y104H | 1.000 |
| 2:11453656:T:A | R102S | 1.000 |
| 2:11453656:T:G | R102S | 1.000 |
| 2:11453662:C:A | K100N | 1.000 |
| 2:11453662:C:G | K100N | 1.000 |
| 2:11453664:T:C | K100E | 1.000 |
| 2:11453696:A:G | L89S | 1.000 |
| 2:11453737:A:C | F75L | 1.000 |
| 2:11453737:A:T | F75L | 1.000 |
| 2:11453738:A:G | F75S | 1.000 |
| 2:11453739:A:G | F75L | 1.000 |
| 2:11453759:A:T | L68Q | 1.000 |
| 2:11453584:C:A | W126C | 0.999 |
| 2:11453584:C:G | W126C | 0.999 |
| 2:11453585:C:G | W126S | 0.999 |
| 2:11453591:A:T | I124N | 0.999 |
dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000088206 (2:11461417 T>A,C), RS1000323699 (2:11447107 G>A), RS1000380248 (2:11452531 G>A), RS1000442786 (2:11460042 G>A), RS1000552470 (2:11466409 T>G), RS1000583537 (2:11466628 A>G), RS1000702276 (2:11455887 T>C,G), RS1000776472 (2:11463987 A>G), RS1000877150 (2:11460364 T>C), RS1000936965 (2:11448369 G>C), RS1001019698 (2:11444864 G>A), RS1001168533 (2:11452173 G>A), RS1001484262 (2:11450633 T>C), RS1001616846 (2:11458987 T>G), RS1001661357 (2:11463558 C>G,T)
Disease associations
OMIM: gene MIM:602944 | disease phenotypes: MIM:618300
GenCC curated gene-disease
Mondo (1): ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 40 (MONDO:0032664)
Orphanet (0):
HPO phenotypes
0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):
GWAS associations
5 associations (top):
| Study | Trait | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| GCST001099_20 | Sudden cardiac arrest | 6.000000e-07 |
| GCST002875_39 | Diisocyanate-induced asthma | 1.000000e-06 |
| GCST010796_5257 | Electrocardiogram morphology (amplitude at temporal datapoints) | 9.000000e-11 |
| GCST010796_5258 | Electrocardiogram morphology (amplitude at temporal datapoints) | 1.000000e-09 |
| GCST010796_5259 | Electrocardiogram morphology (amplitude at temporal datapoints) | 9.000000e-10 |
EFO canonical traits (3, from GWAS)
| EFO ID | Trait name |
|---|---|
| EFO:0004278 | sudden cardiac arrest |
| EFO:0006995 | response to diisocyanate |
| EFO:0004327 | electrocardiography |
Drugs & pharmacology
Drug and pharmacology data
Is drug target: yes
ChEMBL targets (1): CHEMBL4630726 (PROTEIN FAMILY)
PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)
CTD chemical–gene interactions
35 total (human), top 30 by PubMed support.
| Chemical | Actions (top 5) | PubMed papers |
|---|---|---|
| Air Pollutants | increases abundance, increases oxidation, decreases expression, affects cotreatment | 2 |
| Tobacco Smoke Pollution | increases expression | 2 |
| Valproic Acid | increases expression, increases methylation | 2 |
| 3-((6-(2-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)methane sulfonamide | decreases expression | 1 |
| triphenyl phosphate | affects expression | 1 |
| alpha-pinene | affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 1 |
| bisphenol A | affects expression | 1 |
| sodium arsenite | increases expression | 1 |
| cupric oxide | increases expression | 1 |
| methacrylaldehyde | affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 1 |
| di-n-butylphosphoric acid | affects expression | 1 |
| PCI 5002 | affects cotreatment, increases expression | 1 |
| Resveratrol | affects cotreatment, increases expression | 1 |
| Decitabine | decreases expression | 1 |
| Sunitinib | increases expression | 1 |
| Arsenic Trioxide | affects methylation | 1 |
| Acrolein | affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 1 |
| Arsenic | affects methylation | 1 |
| Benzene | increases expression | 1 |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | affects methylation | 1 |
| Estradiol | increases expression | 1 |
| Eugenol | increases expression | 1 |
| Formaldehyde | decreases expression | 1 |
| Ozone | affects cotreatment, increases oxidation, increases abundance | 1 |
| Plant Extracts | increases expression, affects cotreatment | 1 |
| Selenium | affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression | 1 |
| Smoke | decreases expression | 1 |
| Tretinoin | decreases expression | 1 |
| Vitamin E | affects cotreatment, increases expression, decreases expression | 1 |
| Zinc | affects cotreatment, increases expression | 1 |
Cellosaurus cell lines
3 cell lines: 3 embryonic stem cell
First 10 cell lines (id-ordered, not curated):
| Cellosaurus | Name | Category | Sex |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVCL_A1D0 | SEES3-1V human E2F6, clone1 | Embryonic stem cell | Male |
| CVCL_A1D1 | SEES3-1V human E2F6, clone2 | Embryonic stem cell | Male |
| CVCL_A1D2 | SEES3-1V human E2F6, clone3 | Embryonic stem cell | Male |
Clinical trials (associated diseases)
0 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.
Related Atlas pages
- Disease cohort memberships (association, not causation — diseases whose associated-gene cohort lists this gene; a subset are also under Associated diseases): ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 40