FAM9A

Summary

FAM9A (family with sequence similarity 9 member A, HGNC:18403) is a protein-coding gene on chromosome Xp22.31, encoding Protein FAM9A (Q8IZU1).

This gene is a member of a gene family which arose through duplication on the X chromosome. The encoded protein may be a nuclear protein that is localized to the nucleolus, and has some similarity to a synaptonemal complex protein. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.

Source: NCBI Gene 171482 — RefSeq curated summary.

At a glance

• GWAS associations: 7
• Clinical variants (ClinVar): 55 total
• MANE Select transcript: NM_174951

Identifiers

Gene identifiers

Field	Value
HGNC ID	HGNC:18403
Approved symbol	FAM9A
Name	family with sequence similarity 9 member A
Location	Xp22.31
Locus type	gene with protein product
Status	Approved
Aliases	TEX39A
Ensembl gene	ENSG00000183304
Ensembl biotype	protein_coding
OMIM	300477
Entrez	171482

Gene structure

Transcript identifiers

Ensembl transcripts: 2 — 2 protein_coding

ENST00000381003, ENST00000543214

RefSeq mRNA: 2 — MANE Select: NM_174951 NM_001171186, NM_174951

CCDS: CCDS14131

Canonical transcript exons

ENST00000381003 — 10 exons

Exon	Start	End
ENSE00001297212	8796268	8796382
ENSE00001308922	8793658	8793756
ENSE00001318314	8798150	8798181
ENSE00001319686	8795078	8795420
ENSE00001325749	8791280	8791379
ENSE00001353189	8790795	8791172
ENSE00001364785	8801311	8801383
ENSE00001487197	8800081	8800209
ENSE00001678370	8798966	8799094
ENSE00001701884	8798359	8798479

Expression profiles

Bgee: expression breadth broad, 20 present calls, max score 82.18.

Top tissues by expression

233 total, by Bgee expression score (0-100, higher = more expressed):

Tissue	Anatomy ID	Expression score	Quality
male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis	CL:0000089 ∩ UBERON:0000473	82.18	gold quality
right testis	UBERON:0004534	67.06	gold quality
left testis	UBERON:0004533	65.89	gold quality
testis	UBERON:0000473	65.06	gold quality
sural nerve	UBERON:0015488	64.58	gold quality
primordial germ cell in gonad	CL:0000670 ∩ UBERON:0000991	55.22	gold quality
lower lobe of lung	UBERON:0008949	52.08	silver quality
buccal mucosa cell	CL:0002336	50.45	gold quality
upper leg skin	UBERON:0004262	47.86	silver quality
right lobe of liver	UBERON:0001114	46.29	gold quality
substantia nigra pars reticulata	UBERON:0001966	43.39	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis	UBERON:0004511	43.37	gold quality
liver	UBERON:0002107	42.76	gold quality
secondary oocyte	CL:0000655	42.57	gold quality
heart right ventricle	UBERON:0002080	42.51	gold quality
vastus lateralis	UBERON:0001379	41.41	gold quality
quadriceps femoris	UBERON:0001377	41.37	gold quality
superficial temporal artery	UBERON:0001614	41.33	gold quality
palpebral conjunctiva	UBERON:0001812	41.10	gold quality
mucosa of paranasal sinus	UBERON:0005030	40.98	gold quality
amniotic fluid	UBERON:0000173	40.69	gold quality
jejunal mucosa	UBERON:0000399	40.59	gold quality
biceps brachii	UBERON:0001507	40.57	gold quality
epithelium of nasopharynx	UBERON:0001951	40.45	gold quality
myocardium	UBERON:0002349	40.45	gold quality
gingival epithelium	UBERON:0001949	40.43	gold quality
germinal epithelium of ovary	UBERON:0001304	40.33	gold quality
esophagus squamous epithelium	UBERON:0006920	40.29	gold quality
skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii	UBERON:0004502	40.27	gold quality
jejunum	UBERON:0002115	40.18	gold quality

Single-cell (SCXA)

Detected in 1 experiment(s), a significant marker in 1.

Experiment	Marker?	Max mean expression
E-ANND-3	yes	2.63

Regulation

Is transcription factor: no

miRNA regulators (miRDB)

30 targeting FAM9A, top 30 by miRDB confidence (max_score; target_count = how many genes the miRNA targets in total — lower means more specific):

miRNA	Max score	Avg score	miRNA target_count
HSA-LET-7A-3P	100.00	74.03	3932
HSA-LET-7B-3P	100.00	74.08	3913
HSA-LET-7F-1-3P	100.00	74.02	3928
HSA-MIR-98-3P	100.00	74.08	3907
HSA-MIR-4282	99.99	75.36	6408
HSA-MIR-493-5P	99.96	72.47	2382
HSA-MIR-1236-3P	99.94	68.04	1695
HSA-MIR-3529-3P	99.90	73.55	3045
HSA-MIR-5003-3P	99.85	69.29	2517
HSA-MIR-6752-3P	99.72	66.71	1587
HSA-MIR-377-5P	99.70	65.28	712
HSA-MIR-6086	99.70	65.38	699
HSA-MIR-1303	99.65	69.77	1662
HSA-MIR-510-3P	99.54	70.06	2965
HSA-MIR-3160-5P	99.28	69.07	1938
HSA-MIR-7854-3P	99.08	66.26	1117
HSA-MIR-4738-3P	98.98	67.98	1846
HSA-MIR-421	98.90	67.04	1883
HSA-MIR-4709-3P	98.88	68.04	1594
HSA-MIR-1288-5P	98.85	67.01	734
HSA-MIR-1183	98.75	67.10	1116
HSA-MIR-8078	98.32	65.73	361
HSA-MIR-4257	97.86	68.05	1190
HSA-MIR-203B-3P	97.82	66.27	979
HSA-MIR-4799-3P	97.78	65.97	893
HSA-MIR-4720-5P	97.46	65.67	893
HSA-MIR-5588-5P	97.46	65.70	913
HSA-MIR-6760-3P	96.35	68.31	1001
HSA-MIR-591	96.29	68.16	611
HSA-MIR-6506-3P	96.01	68.49	80

Literature-anchored findings (GeneRIF, showing 1)

• Expressed exclusively in testis; protein is located in the nucleus, and localizes to the nucleolus. (PMID:12213195)

Cross-species orthologs

21 orthologs

Organism	Symbol	Gene ID
danio_rerio	sycp3	ENSDARG00000013438
mus_musculus	Xlr4c	ENSMUSG00000031362
mus_musculus	Xlr3a	ENSMUSG00000057836
mus_musculus	Xlr3c	ENSMUSG00000058147
mus_musculus	Xlr5a	ENSMUSG00000058328
mus_musculus	Xlr5c	ENSMUSG00000067764
mus_musculus	Xlr4b	ENSMUSG00000067768
mus_musculus	Xlr5b	ENSMUSG00000072479
mus_musculus	Xlr3b	ENSMUSG00000073125
mus_musculus	Gm14692	ENSMUSG00000079577
mus_musculus	Gm1140	ENSMUSG00000079578
mus_musculus	Xlr4a	ENSMUSG00000079845
rattus_norvegicus	Xlr5c	ENSRNOG00000050177
rattus_norvegicus	Xlr4a	ENSRNOG00000055822
rattus_norvegicus	Fam9cl1	ENSRNOG00000062315
rattus_norvegicus	LOC100911047	ENSRNOG00000064693
rattus_norvegicus	LOC100911047	ENSRNOG00000068104
rattus_norvegicus	Fam9c	ENSRNOG00000069253
rattus_norvegicus		ENSRNOG00000075733
rattus_norvegicus		ENSRNOG00000087898
rattus_norvegicus		ENSRNOG00000088563

Paralogs (3): SYCP3 (ENSG00000139351), FAM9B (ENSG00000177138), FAM9C (ENSG00000187268)

Protein

Protein identifiers

Protein FAM9A — Q8IZU1 (reviewed: Q8IZU1)

All UniProt accessions (1): Q8IZU1

UniProt curated annotations — full annotation on UniProt →

Subcellular location. Nucleus. Nucleolus.

Tissue specificity. Expressed exclusively in testis.

Similarity. Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

RefSeq proteins (2): NP_001164657, NP_777611* (*=MANE)

Domains & families (InterPro)

ID	Name	Type
IPR051443	XLR/SYCP3	Family

UniProt features (9 total): compositionally biased region 6, region of interest 2, chain 1

Structure

Experimental structures (PDB)

0 structures.

Predicted structure (AlphaFold)

Model	pLDDT	Fraction very-high
AF-Q8IZU1-F1	66.59	0.21

Function

Pathways and Gene Ontology

Reactome pathways

0 pathways

MSigDB gene sets: 34 (showing top): GSE45365_NK_CELL_VS_CD8A_DC_MCMV_INFECTION_UP, GOBP_MALE_GAMETE_GENERATION, ACEVEDO_LIVER_CANCER_WITH_H3K27ME3_UP, GOBP_CELLULAR_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REPRODUCTION_IN_MULTICELLULAR_ORGANISM, GOBP_DEVELOPMENTAL_PROCESS_INVOLVED_IN_REPRODUCTION, GOBP_MEIOTIC_CELL_CYCLE, GOCC_NUCLEOLUS, GOCC_NUCLEAR_CHROMOSOME, GOCC_CONDENSED_NUCLEAR_CHROMOSOME, chrXp22, GOCC_SYNAPTONEMAL_STRUCTURE, MIR3529_3P, MIR1303, MIR1236_3P, MIR421

GO Biological Process (2): spermatid development (GO:0007286), meiotic cell cycle (GO:0051321)

GO Molecular Function (1): protein binding (GO:0005515)

GO Cellular Component (3): synaptonemal complex (GO:0000795), nucleolus (GO:0005730), nucleus (GO:0005634)

GO top-level categories

Rollup of top GO terms by namespace:

Category	Terms
germ cell development	1
spermatid differentiation	1
cell cycle	1
sexual reproduction	1
reproductive process	1
meiotic nuclear division	1
binding	1
synaptonemal structure	1
nuclear lumen	1
intracellular membraneless organelle	1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	1

Protein interactions and networks

STRING

616 interactions, top by confidence (×1000):

Protein A	Protein B	Partner UniProt	Score
FAM9A	SYCP3	Q8IZU3	905
FAM9A	ARSF	P54793	574
FAM9A	ANOS1	P23352	571
FAM9A	SHROOM2	Q13796	448
FAM9A	CPXCR1	Q8N123	445
FAM9A	AMMECR1	Q9Y4X0	391
FAM9A	AKAP17A	Q02040	388
FAM9A	NXF5	Q9H1B4	379
FAM9A	VCX3A	Q9NNX9	358
FAM9A	SYAP1	Q96A49	357
FAM9A	PAGE2B	Q5JRK9	349
FAM9A	PUDP	Q08623	345
FAM9A	ASMTL	O95671	340
FAM9A	PNPLA4	P41247	322
FAM9A	FBXO43	Q4G163	313

IntAct

207 interactions, top by confidence:

A	B	Type	Score
MLLT3	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.740
FAM9B	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
NAB2	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RUNX1T1	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
SDCBP	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PRR20D	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ESRRA	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	NXF1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TXLNA	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZBTB6	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ZFP91	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TRAF5	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ESRRG	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
LCE1E	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
PHC1	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	H2BC15	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	THAP1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	TRIM41	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	ZNF775	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
TRAF2	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	PICK1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RNF151	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	INTS12	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
HOMER1	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
ARPC3	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	CTNNA3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	MCRS1	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
FAM9A	STAC3	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560
RNF4	FAM9A	psi-mi:“MI:0915”(physical association)	0.560

BioGRID (87): FAM9A (Two-hybrid), ACAD11 (Affinity Capture-MS), NOLC1 (Affinity Capture-MS), GOPC (Affinity Capture-MS), PTRF (Affinity Capture-MS), MLLT3 (Affinity Capture-MS), PNN (Affinity Capture-MS), NAF1 (Affinity Capture-MS), RNPS1 (Affinity Capture-MS), SRRM2 (Affinity Capture-MS), AP3B1 (Affinity Capture-MS), AP3M1 (Affinity Capture-MS), CWC22 (Affinity Capture-MS), JMJD6 (Affinity Capture-MS), NAP1L3 (Affinity Capture-MS)

ESM2 similar proteins: A0A1D9BZF0, A6QL64, B4DH59, B5DUH6, D3YZV8, E9Q6E9, O43493, O46383, O77733, P06916, P08116, P0C758, P0DKJ7, P0DKJ8, P0DPF3, P31568, P62521, Q01033, Q01042, Q1HVF7, Q2W8Q7, Q3BBV2, Q42626, Q42627, Q4ZJZ1, Q4ZJZ3, Q5JPF3, Q5MJ10, Q6AXX0, Q6GX35, Q6IC83, Q6P3W6, Q6PGQ1, Q7M4S9, Q7M732, Q86T75, Q8BP27, Q8IZU1, Q8N2N9, Q96QF7

Diamond homologs: Q8IZT9, Q8IZU0, Q8IZU1, Q4R764, Q8IZU3

SIGNOR signaling

0 interactions.

Disease & clinical

Clinical variants and AI predictions

ClinVar

55 variants total. Per-class counts are floors (≥ shown; pagination cap):

Classification	Count (floor)
Pathogenic	0
Likely pathogenic	0
Uncertain significance	49
Likely benign	4
Benign	2

Top pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (0)

SpliceAI

1697 predictions. Top by Δscore:

Variant	Effect	Δscore
X:8791279:CAGTT:C	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8793164:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8793753:CTTT:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8795076:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8795077:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8795088:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8795094:T:TA	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8795417:CTGC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8795418:TGC:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8795419:GC:G	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8795420:CC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8795421:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8795427:C:CT	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8796212:A:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8796379:TCAG:T	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8796380:CAG:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8796380:CAGC:C	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8796381:AG:A	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8796383:C:CC	acceptor_gain	1.0000
X:8798347:TAA:T	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8798347:TAAAC:T	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8798348:AAA:A	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8798348:AAACA:A	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8798354:TTTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
X:8798355:TTA:T	donor_loss	1.0000
X:8798356:TAC:T	donor_loss	1.0000
X:8798357:A:AC	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8798357:AC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8798357:ACC:A	donor_gain	1.0000
X:8798358:C:CC	donor_gain	1.0000

AlphaMissense

2199 scored. Top likely-pathogenic:

Variant	Protein change	am_pathogenicity
X:8795388:A:G	L174S	0.961
X:8793748:A:C	F280L	0.960
X:8793748:A:T	F280L	0.960
X:8793750:A:G	F280L	0.960
X:8795376:A:G	L178P	0.960
X:8795412:C:G	R166P	0.959
X:8795376:A:T	L178H	0.942
X:8799072:G:C	F38L	0.937
X:8799072:G:T	F38L	0.937
X:8799074:A:G	F38L	0.937
X:8795414:T:A	K165N	0.925
X:8795414:T:G	K165N	0.925
X:8795367:T:G	Y181S	0.921
X:8795394:C:G	R172P	0.921
X:8798436:A:C	F88L	0.919
X:8798436:A:T	F88L	0.919
X:8798438:A:G	F88L	0.919
X:8793736:C:A	Q284H	0.914
X:8793736:C:G	Q284H	0.914
X:8796293:C:G	A155P	0.914
X:8796270:T:A	K162N	0.911
X:8796270:T:G	K162N	0.911
X:8795420:C:A	R163S	0.910
X:8795420:C:G	R163S	0.910
X:8795385:A:G	L175P	0.909
X:8796274:A:G	L161P	0.909
X:8793729:A:G	W287R	0.908
X:8793729:A:T	W287R	0.908
X:8796295:C:G	R154P	0.906
X:8795413:G:T	R166S	0.900

dbSNP variants (sampled 300 via entrez): RS1000934069 (X:8801572 C>G,T), RS1001386431 (X:8801958 G>C,T), RS1001433596 (X:8796673 A>G), RS1001607164 (X:8797241 A>G), RS1003060175 (X:8791942 G>A,C,T), RS1003106966 (X:8802612 C>T), RS1003417611 (X:8792321 G>A), RS1003498337 (X:8799910 G>A), RS1003896853 (X:8800273 C>A,T), RS1005353334 (X:8790503 G>C), RS1005403987 (X:8795169 T>C), RS1005941633 (X:8797261 G>A), RS1006861232 (X:8791715 G>C), RS1006915138 (X:8791179 CA>C,CAA,CAAA), RS1007066582 (X:8801276 C>A,G,T)

Disease associations

OMIM: gene MIM:300477 | disease phenotypes:

GenCC curated gene-disease

Mondo (1): male infertility (MONDO:0005372)

Orphanet (0):

HPO phenotypes

0 total (0 of 0 shown, HPO-id order):

GWAS associations

7 associations (top):

Study	Trait	p-value
GCST003983_43	Male-pattern baldness	4.000000e-08
GCST003994_14	Age at voice drop	3.000000e-09
GCST005984_21	Glomerular filtration rate	5.000000e-09
GCST005985_11	Creatinine levels	5.000000e-09
GCST005994_15	Hematocrit	3.000000e-08
GCST005995_5	Hemoglobin	4.000000e-08
GCST90020091_13	Estradiol levels	7.000000e-30

EFO canonical traits (4, from GWAS)

EFO ID	Trait name
EFO:0007888	age at voice drop
EFO:0004348	hematocrit
EFO:0004509	hemoglobin measurement
EFO:0004697	estradiol measurement

MeSH disease descriptors (1)

Descriptor	Name	Tree numbers
D007248	Infertility, Male	C12.100.500.430; C12.100.750.700; C12.200.294.430

Drugs & pharmacology

Drug and pharmacology data

Is drug target: no

PharmGKB: 1 entry (VIP=true, CPIC=false)

CTD chemical–gene interactions

6 total (human), top 6 by PubMed support.

Chemical	Actions (top 5)	PubMed papers
Benzo(a)pyrene	affects methylation, decreases expression, increases methylation	2
benzo(e)pyrene	increases methylation	1
Acetaminophen	decreases expression	1
Arsenic	affects methylation	1
Methapyrilene	increases methylation	1
Aflatoxin B1	increases expression	1

Clinical trials (associated diseases)

125 trials via MONDO — disease-level, not drug-specific.

Trial	Phase	Status	Title
NCT02202382	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Male Infertility
NCT02204826	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Semen Parameters in Male Infertility Patients: a Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Study
NCT03802864	PHASE4	COMPLETED	Post-operative Pain Control of Testicular Sperm Extraction Using Liposomal Bupivacaine
NCT06100432	PHASE4	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Effect of Eurycoma Longifolia (DLBS5055) and Multivitamins (Vitamin C+Vitamin E+ β-carotene) for Infertile Males
NCT07523022	PHASE4	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Comparison of the Effect of Gonadotropin and Clomiphene Citrate Treatment on Sperm Parameters and the Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Procedures in Subfertile Men Based on the APHRODITE Groups
NCT00975117	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Spermotrend in the Treatment of Male Infertility
NCT01407432	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Impact of Folates in the Care of the Male Infertility
NCT01895816	PHASE3	COMPLETED	Herbal Tonic Fertile Supplement(ZO2C5)
NCT02605070	PHASE3	TERMINATED	Pilot Study on the Effects of FSH Treatment on the Epigenetic Characteristics of Spermatozoa in Infertile Patients With Severe Oligozoospermia
NCT07402759	PHASE3	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Impact of tdrd9 Gene Mutations in the Therapeutic Response to L-carnitine in Oligoasthenozoospermic Men
NCT01880086	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Clomiphene Citrate for the Treatment of Low Testosterone Associated With Chronic Opioid Pain Medication Administration
NCT02061384	PHASE2	COMPLETED	RA-2 13-cis Retinoic Acid (Isotretinoin)
NCT02421887	PHASE2	COMPLETED	Males, Antioxidants, and Infertility Trial
NCT05200663	PHASE2	UNKNOWN	Efficacy Comparison of Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen With Antioxidants on Semen Quality of Male With Idiopathic Infertility
NCT05290558	PHASE2	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	The Therapeutic Effects of Bu Shen Yi Jing Pill on Semen Quality in Sub Fertile Males: a Randomized Controlled Trial
NCT06091969	PHASE2	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Supplementation for Male Subfertility
NCT01595308	PHASE1	COMPLETED	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effect of Pomegranate Juice on Semen Parameters in Healthy Male Volunteers
NCT02122211	PHASE1	COMPLETED	Choline Dehydrogenase and Sperm Function: Effects of Betaine
NCT02575924	PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Influence of Culture Media on Clinical Outcomes in Poor Responders or Severe Male Infertility
NCT01304927	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Vitamin D Supplementation and Male Infertility: The CBG-study a Randomized Clinical Trial
NCT02349945	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	FSH Receptor Polymorphism p.N680S and Efficacy of FSH Therapy
NCT05222841	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	The Effectiveness of Spermotrend Food Supplement in the Treatment of Male Infertility
NCT05616598	PHASE2/PHASE3	COMPLETED	Effect of New Oral Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus on Seminal Parameters
NCT02025270	PHASE1/PHASE2	COMPLETED	MSCs For Treatment of Azoospermic Patients
NCT04541459	EARLY_PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Validation of New Devices Against Ambient Electromagnetic Radiation
NCT05792813	EARLY_PHASE1	UNKNOWN	Efficacy and Safety of Linggui Yangyuan Paste in Patients With Male Infertility
NCT06188936	EARLY_PHASE1	COMPLETED	Home Semen Analysis Tests As a Screening Tool for Fertility Patients
NCT00012480	Not specified	COMPLETED	Effect of Environmental Exposures on the Egg Fertilizing Ability of Human Sperm
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